CN113003028B - System and method for overall-process operation safety protection of external floating roof storage tank - Google Patents
System and method for overall-process operation safety protection of external floating roof storage tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN113003028B CN113003028B CN202110313752.3A CN202110313752A CN113003028B CN 113003028 B CN113003028 B CN 113003028B CN 202110313752 A CN202110313752 A CN 202110313752A CN 113003028 B CN113003028 B CN 113003028B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/22—Safety features
- B65D90/32—Arrangements for preventing, or minimising the effect of, excessive or insufficient pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/22—Safety features
- B65D90/30—Recovery of escaped vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/22—Safety features
- B65D90/38—Means for reducing the vapour space or for reducing the formation of vapour within containers
- B65D90/44—Means for reducing the vapour space or for reducing the formation of vapour within containers by use of inert gas for filling space above liquid or between contents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a whole-process operation safety protection system and a whole-process operation safety protection method for an external floating roof storage tank, wherein a floating roof gas collecting system is arranged on a floating disc, the floating roof gas collecting system is used for communicating a plurality of automatic vent valves and edge breather valves on the floating disc to form a closed gas collecting environment, a nitrogen injection port and an air exhaust port are arranged on the floating roof gas collecting system, and the safety protection system also comprises a pressure detection unit; the floating roof gas collecting system is connected with a protection device through a nitrogen injection and extraction pipe network and a sampling pipe network respectively, and the protection device is connected with the nitrogen recovery and supply system. Aiming at the potential safety hazard of the floating disc of the outer floating roof storage tank in the whole process of operation, the invention treats the leakage point of the VOCS of the floating disc from the source, reduces the unorganized discharge of the VOCS and realizes the intelligent nitrogen sealing and the VOCS ordered collection of the outer floating roof storage tank in the whole process of operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry, relates to a safety protection technology of a storage tank, and particularly relates to a system and a method for protecting the whole process operation of an external floating roof storage tank.
Background
The floating plate falls to the bottom, namely the liquid level in the storage tank is too low, and the floating plate is lowered until the supporting legs of the floating plate contact the bottom of the storage tank. At present most enterprises forbid outer floating roof storage tank the floating deck end of falling appear in the operation in-process strictly, mainly because the oily in-process of sending out after the floating deck end of falling, a large amount of air can get into the space of floating deck lower part through automatic breather valve and form inflammable and explosive gas mixture, at the oily in-process of receipts of floating deck end of falling afterwards, a large amount of inflammable and explosive gas mixture can be discharged the upper portion and the gathering of floating deck through automatic breather valve, has very big potential safety hazard. However, some enterprises determine that the floating plate is needed to fall down when the storage tank receives and dispatches oil because of the necessity of the crude oil delivery business. Therefore, in recent years, the important research on how to perform safety protection and environmental protection on the falling bottom of the floating plate is always.
To solve the safety problem of the floating plate falling to the bottom, chinese patent CN201510187369.2 proposes a safety protection system for a floating roof storage tank, wherein a rubber belt is used to fix a rubber soft floating plate at the bottom of a metal floating plate of the floating roof storage tank, when the metal floating plate floats, the rubber belt is not inflated, and floats on the oil level along with the metal floating plate, after the metal floating plate falls to the ground, the rubber belt is inflated through an inflation inlet arranged at the upper part of the metal floating plate, and a fixing member between the metal floating plate and the rubber belt is loosened to allow the rubber belt to freely float on the oil level and descend along with the oil level, the supporting legs of the metal floating plate penetrate through the rubber soft floating plate, the penetrating part is sealed by the rubber belt, and after inflation, the soft floating plate slides down along the supporting legs and descends along with the oil level. Above-mentioned patent can reduce the floating plate to a certain extent and fall end back gaseous phase space volume, still has the production of oil gas, has the possibility of leaking to the external world to, in case the rubber tape is damaged the back, oil gas gets into the rubber tape inner space, can lead to new safety risk. Therefore, no literature report on the implementation and application of the technology is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the existing problems, the whole-process operation safety protection system and the whole-process operation safety protection method for the outer floating roof storage tank are provided, so that the problem of gathering of flammable and combustible mixed gas in the bottom falling process of the floating plate is solved, the hidden danger of fire and explosion is eliminated, the safety, the environment protection, the energy conservation and the emission reduction are realized, the space utilization rate of the outer floating roof storage tank is also improved, the economic benefit is increased, and meanwhile, the safety protection system can also be applied to safety protection of the outer floating roof storage tank in other working periods.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides an outer floating roof storage tank overall process operation safety protection system, includes oil storage tank and sets up the floating plate in oil storage tank, its characterized in that: the safety protection system comprises a floating disc, a floating top gas collecting system, a pressure detection unit or a valve position detection unit, wherein the floating disc is provided with the floating top gas collecting system used for cage-covering a plurality of automatic ventilation valves at the top of the floating disc, the floating top gas collecting system enables the automatic ventilation valves on the floating disc and edge breather valves to be communicated to form a closed gas collecting environment, the floating top gas collecting system is provided with a nitrogen injection port and an air exhaust port, the pressure detection unit is used for monitoring the change of pressure in a gas phase space in real time, and the valve position detection unit is used for monitoring the opening and closing states of the automatic ventilation valves;
a nitrogen injection port arranged on the floating roof gas collecting system is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system through a nitrogen pipeline and is used for safety protection during the oil distribution period when the floating plate of the outer floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom;
an air exhaust port arranged on the floating roof gas collecting system is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system through a self-adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network and is used for safety protection in the oil collecting period when a floating plate of the outer floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom;
the floating roof gas collection system is connected with a protection device through a nitrogen injection and extraction pipe network and a sampling pipe network respectively, and the protection device is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system and used for safety protection of the outer floating roof storage tank floating plate falling bottom vacant period and the storage tank high-position operation period.
The invention relates to a whole-process operation safety protection system of an external floating roof storage tank, wherein a floating roof gas collecting system comprises a gas collecting hood and a gas collecting pipe network, the gas collecting hood is used for completely covering an automatic vent valve on a floating disc of the external floating roof storage tank, the gas collecting pipe network is communicated with a valve port of an edge breather valve of the floating disc and mutually communicates all the gas collecting hoods to form a closed gas collecting environment, a pressure detection unit is a pressure transmitter, and the pressure transmitter is arranged on the gas collecting pipe network.
The invention relates to a safety protection system for the whole-process operation of an external floating roof storage tank, wherein a breather valve is arranged on a floating roof gas collection system.
According to the whole-process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof storage tank, the air exhaust port on the floating roof gas collection system is connected with the pneumatic valve 7, the self-adaptive telescopic vent pipe network consists of the vent steel pipe and the vent hose, one end of the vent hose is connected with the pneumatic valve, the other end of the vent hose extends to the top of the external floating roof storage tank and is connected with one end of the vent steel pipe, and the other end of the vent steel pipe extends to the outside of the fire bank and is connected with the nitrogen recovery and supply system.
The invention relates to a whole-process operation safety protection system of an external floating roof storage tank, wherein a nitrogen recovery and supply system comprises a nitrogen recovery device, a buffer gas tank and a proportional mixing device, the outlet end of the nitrogen recovery device is connected with the inlet end of the buffer gas tank through a pipeline, a nitrogen injection port on a floating roof gas collection system is connected with a nitrogen seal valve, the outlet end of the buffer gas tank is connected with the nitrogen seal valve through the proportional mixing device, nitrogen is injected into a gas phase space under a floating disc through the nitrogen seal valve, the inlet end of the nitrogen recovery device is connected with a pneumatic valve arranged at an air exhaust port through a self-adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network, and gas is exhausted from the gas phase space under the floating disc through the pneumatic valve.
The invention relates to a whole-process operation safety protection system of an external floating roof storage tank, wherein a nitrogen recovery device is of a movable structure, a first pipeline joint and a second pipeline joint are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet ends of the movable nitrogen recovery device and are used for connecting the devices, in the oil receiving and sending period when a floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom, an adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network and a nitrogen pipeline are both communicated with the inlet and outlet ends of the movable nitrogen recovery device through corresponding pipeline joints, and in other operation periods of the external floating roof storage tank, the first pipeline joint and the second pipeline joint are not connected with any device and are in a closed state.
The invention relates to an overall-process operation safety protection system for an external floating roof storage tank, wherein a protection device is a fixed structure arranged outside a fire dike, and specifically comprises a nitrogen injection and air extraction device, a gas detection device and an oil-gas treatment device, wherein the nitrogen injection and air extraction device is connected to each nitrogen injection and air extraction point of a floating roof gas collection system through a nitrogen injection and air extraction pipe network and is communicated with the inside of the floating roof gas collection system, the gas detection device is connected to each sampling point of the floating roof gas collection system through a sampling pipe network and is communicated with the inside of the floating roof gas collection system, the downstream of the gas detection device is connected with the oil-gas treatment device, and the nitrogen injection and air extraction device is respectively connected with a buffer gas tank and the oil-gas treatment device.
The invention relates to a protection method of an external floating roof storage tank whole-process operation safety protection system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the oil distribution period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom, when the pressure of a gas phase space is reduced and is lower than the control pressure of the nitrogen seal valve or the valve position detection unit detects that the automatic vent valve is opened, the valve of the nitrogen seal valve can be automatically opened, nitrogen stored in the buffer gas tank is mixed with outside air through the proportional mixing device, so that the nitrogen concentration of the mixed gas reaches a required range, and then the mixed gas is injected into the gas phase space below the floating roof gas collecting system and the floating plate through the nitrogen pipeline; in the oil distributing process, the nitrogen sealing valve can automatically adjust the nitrogen injection amount according to the pressure of the gas phase space, and the interior of the gas phase space is kept in a micro-positive pressure state;
in the idle period when the floating plate of the outer floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom and the high-position operation period of the storage tank, nitrogen injection and air extraction operations are carried out on the gas phase space under the floating plate through a nitrogen injection and air extraction device in the protection device, so that the control of the pressure range in the gas phase space is realized; the gas in the gas-phase space under the floating roof gas collecting system and the floating disc is detected on line through the intermittent operation of the gas detecting device in the protective device, and the oxygen content in the gas-phase space is controlled through nitrogen injection and air extraction operations;
in the oil receiving period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom, when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure of the gas phase space rises to a set pressure, the pneumatic valve is opened and the nitrogen recovery device is started to pump the gas in the floating roof gas collection system and the gas phase space under the floating plate; in the oil receiving process, the pressure transmitter can monitor the pressure value of the gas phase space in real time, the nitrogen recovery device adjusts the air suction speed according to the monitored pressure value change condition, and the gas phase space under the floating disc is controlled to be in a micro-positive pressure state.
The invention relates to a protection method of a whole-process operation safety protection system of an external floating roof storage tank, which is characterized in that in the idle period when a floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom and the high-position operation period of the storage tank, the pressure change of a gas phase space is detected through a pressure transmitter, when the pressure is reduced to the preset pressure, a nitrogen injection and extraction device in a protection device operates, and nitrogen stored in a buffer tank is injected into a floating roof gas collection system through a nitrogen injection and extraction pipe network; when the pressure is increased to a preset pressure, the pressure transmitter transmits a signal to the protection device, so that the nitrogen injection and air extraction device in the protection device operates, gas is extracted from the floating roof gas collection system through the nitrogen injection and air extraction pipe network, the pressure is reduced, the extracted gas is subjected to pressurization, condensation, adsorption and purification treatment through an oil gas treatment device in the protection device, and the gas is directly discharged into the air after reaching the emission standard; when the pressure returns to the normal preset pressure from the low-pressure or high-pressure state, the pressure transmitter transmits a signal to the protection device to control the nitrogen injection and air exhaust device to stop running.
The invention relates to a protection method of a whole-process operation safety protection system of an external floating roof storage tank, which is characterized in that in the idle period when a floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom and the high-position operation period of the storage tank, gas in a floating roof gas collecting system and a gas phase space under the floating plate is detected on line by a gas detection device in a protection device, when the oxygen content is detected to be higher than a set value, the protection device controls a nitrogen injection and extraction device to operate, part of the gas in the floating roof gas collecting system is extracted, so that the pressure in the gas phase space is higher than the suction pressure of a breather valve, the extracted gas is pressurized, condensed, adsorbed and purified by an oil-gas treatment device, and is directly discharged after reaching the standard; when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure value of the residual gas in the gas phase space reaches the preset low-pressure, the operating state of the nitrogen injection and extraction device is changed, nitrogen is extracted from the buffer gas tank and injected into the floating roof gas collection system, and the injection of the nitrogen is stopped until the pressure of the gas phase space reaches the preset high-pressure, so that the oxygen in the gas phase space under the floating disc in the storage tank is diluted.
Aiming at potential safety hazards existing in the whole process of operation of a floating disc of an outer floating roof storage tank, the method treats VOCS leakage points of the floating disc from the source, reduces unorganized discharge of the VOCS, realizes intelligent nitrogen sealing and VOCS ordered collection in the whole process of operation of the outer floating roof storage tank, adopts an intermittently operated mobile oil gas recovery facility to realize VOCS centralized treatment, constructs a nitrogen recycling system, and achieves the purposes of environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the protection mode of the present invention during the stage of floating plate bottom-falling and oil-out.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the protection mode of the present invention during the floating plate falling-bottom idle period and the storage tank high-position operation period.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the protection mode of the invention in the oil recovery period when the floating plate falls to the bottom.
The labels in the figure are: 1 is the oil storage tank, 2 is the floating plate, 3 is automatic breather valve, 4 is floating roof gas collecting system, 5 is the gas phase space, 6 is the nitrogen-sealed valve, 7 is the pneumatic valve, 8 is pressure transmitter, 9 is the nitrogen gas pipeline, 10 is annotate nitrogen bleed pipe network, 11 is the sampling pipe network, 12 is protector, 13 is marginal breather valve, 14 is the breather valve, 15 is the steel pipe of ventilating, 16 is the air hose, 17 is nitrogen gas recovery unit, 18 is the buffer gas jar, 19 is proportional mixing device, 20 is first pipe joint, 21 is second pipe joint, 121 is annotate nitrogen gas bleed device, 122 is gaseous detection device, 123 is oil gas processing apparatus.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of the orientation or the positional relationship is based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected," unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as specific cases to those of ordinary skill in the art; the drawings in the embodiments are used for clearly and completely describing the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is mainly directed to an overall process operation safety protection system for an external floating roof storage tank, and the system includes a petroleum storage tank 1 and a floating plate 2 disposed in the petroleum storage tank 1, a floating roof gas collecting system 4 for covering a plurality of automatic ventilation valves 3 on the top of the floating plate 2 is disposed on the floating plate 2, the floating roof gas collecting system 4 connects the plurality of automatic ventilation valves 3 on the floating plate 2 and an edge breather valve 13 to form a closed gas collecting environment, a nitrogen-sealed valve 6, a pneumatic valve 7 and a pressure transmitter 8 are disposed on the floating roof gas collecting system 4, the pneumatic valve is connected with the floating roof gas collecting system through a connection port disposed on the floating roof gas collecting system, and the pressure transmitter 8 is used for monitoring pressure changes in a gas phase space 5 in real time; the nitrogen sealing valve 6 is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system through a nitrogen pipeline 9 and is used for safety protection during the oil distribution period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom; the pneumatic valve 7 is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system through a self-adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network and is used for safety protection during the oil recovery period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom; the floating roof gas collection system 4 is respectively connected with a protection device 12 through a nitrogen injection and extraction pipe network 10 and a sampling pipe network 11, and the protection device 12 is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system and used for safety protection of the outer floating roof storage tank floating plate falling bottom idle period and the storage tank high-position operation period.
In this embodiment, the floating roof gas collecting system 4 includes a gas collecting hood and a gas collecting pipe network, the gas collecting hood is used to completely cover the automatic ventilation valve 3 on the floating plate 2 of the external floating roof storage tank, the gas collecting pipe network is communicated with the valve port of the edge breather valve 13 of the floating plate 2 and communicates the gas collecting hoods with each other to form a closed gas collecting environment, the pressure transmitter 8 is arranged on the gas collecting pipe network, and the floating roof gas collecting system 4 is provided with at least two breather valves 14 for regulating and controlling the pressure in the gas phase space 5.
The self-adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network consists of a ventilation steel pipe 15 and a ventilation hose 16, one end of the ventilation hose 16 is connected with the pneumatic valve 7, the other end of the ventilation hose 16 extends to the top of the external floating roof storage tank and is connected with one end of the ventilation steel pipe 15, and the other end of the ventilation steel pipe 15 extends out of the fire bank and is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system.
Specifically, the nitrogen recovery supply system includes nitrogen recovery device 17, buffer gas jar 18 and proportional mixing device 19, the exit end of nitrogen recovery device 17 passes through the pipeline and is connected with the entrance end of buffer gas jar 18, the exit end of buffer gas jar 18 passes through proportional mixing device 19 and links to each other with nitrogen sealing valve 6, and nitrogen sealing valve links to each other with the proportional mixing device and the buffer gas jar of upper reaches in proper order through the nitrogen pipeline promptly, seals valve 6 through nitrogen and injects nitrogen into the gas phase space 5 under the floating plate 2, the entrance end of nitrogen recovery device 17 is linked to each other with pneumatic valve 7 through the flexible breather pipe network of self-adaptation, takes out gas in the gas phase space 5 under the floating plate 2 through pneumatic valve 7.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the flexibility and the applicability of the nitrogen recovery and supply system, the nitrogen recovery device 17 is of a movable structure, a first pipeline joint 20 and a second pipeline joint 21 are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet ends of the movable nitrogen recovery device 17 and used for connecting the devices, during the oil receiving and sending period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls, the adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network and the nitrogen pipeline 9 are communicated with the inlet and outlet ends of the movable nitrogen recovery device 17 through the corresponding pipeline joints, and during other operation periods of the external floating roof storage tank, the first pipeline joint 20 and the second pipeline joint 21 are not connected with any device and are in a closed state.
The protection device 12 is a fixed structure arranged outside the fire bank, and specifically includes a nitrogen injection and air extraction device 121, a gas detection device 122 and an oil-gas treatment device 123, the nitrogen injection and air extraction device 121 is connected to each nitrogen injection and air extraction point of the floating roof gas collection system 4 through a nitrogen injection and air extraction pipe network 10 and is communicated with the inside of the floating roof gas collection system 4, the gas detection device 122 is connected to each sampling point of the floating roof gas collection system through a sampling pipe network 11 and is communicated with the inside of the floating roof gas collection system 4, the downstream of the gas detection device 122 is connected with the oil-gas treatment device 123, and the nitrogen injection and air extraction device 121 is respectively connected with the buffer gas tank 18 and the oil-gas treatment device 123.
The invention also relates to a protection method of the whole-process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof storage tank, as shown in figure 2, in the oil distribution period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls, the contact tank bottom of the floating plate does not descend any more, the automatic vent valve is automatically opened, and along with the oil distribution process, the oil level in the tank also gradually descends, and the gas phase space in the tank gradually increases; when the pressure of the gas phase space is reduced to be lower than the lowest control pressure of the nitrogen seal valve and lower than the preset low pressure of the pressure transmitter, or the valve position detection unit detects that the automatic vent valve is opened, the valve of the nitrogen seal valve can be automatically opened, the proportional mixing device is opened, high-concentration nitrogen stored in the buffer gas tank is mixed with outside air through the proportional mixing device, the nitrogen concentration of mixed gas reaches a required range, then the mixed gas is injected into the gas collecting hood and the gas collecting pipe network through the nitrogen pipeline, and then the mixed gas enters the gas phase space under the floating disc through the automatic vent valve and the edge breather valve; in the whole oil distributing and nitrogen injecting process, the nitrogen sealing valve can automatically adjust the nitrogen injection amount according to the pressure of the gas phase space, the interior of the gas phase space is kept in a micro-positive pressure state, external air is prevented from entering the interior of the system through the breather valve, most of gas in the gas phase space is ensured to be nitrogen, the oxygen content is low, and the nitrogen sealing valve can be used as protective gas to perform inerting protection on the gas phase space; and when the oil distribution is finished and the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure of the gas phase space is higher than the preset high pressure, stopping the proportional mixing device and closing the protection mode.
Wherein, breather valve mainly used external floating roof storage tank carries out pressure protection when whole safety protection system goes wrong, and when pressure was too high to when surpassing the highest pressure in the protective range of breather valve, the breather valve can be with gas outgoing to the air in the gas phase space, and when pressure was low excessively, when being less than the lowest pressure in the protective range of breather valve, the breather valve can be with in the external air inhales the gas phase space.
As shown in fig. 3, in the idle period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom and the high-position operation period of the storage tank, the size of the gas phase space in the storage tank basically does not change, but the gas phase space can cause the discharge of oil gas and the supplement of nitrogen gas due to the change of the environmental temperature, the respiratory capacity is small, the floating roof gas collection system and the gas phase space of the floating plate can be directly protected safely by the fixed protection device, the pressure change of the floating roof gas collection system and the gas phase space of the floating plate is detected by the pressure transmitter, the safety protection of the external floating roof storage tank is mainly divided into two parts, namely the gas phase space pressure range control and the oxygen content control, namely, the nitrogen injection and air extraction operation is performed on the gas phase space under the floating plate by the nitrogen injection and air extraction device in the protection device, so as to realize the control on the pressure range in the gas phase space; through the intermittent type nature operation of gas detection device in the protector, carry out on-line measuring to the gas of gaseous phase space under floating roof gas collection system and the floating plate, through annotating nitrogen and the operation of bleeding to the realization is to the control of oxygen content in the gaseous phase space.
Specifically, a large breathing state cannot occur in the idle period and the high-position operation period, the small breathing state is basically caused by temperature change, the gas breathing quantity is small, the pressure change of a gas phase space is detected through a pressure transmitter, when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure in the gas phase space is reduced to a preset pressure, a nitrogen injection and air exhaust device in a fixed protection device operates, nitrogen stored in a buffer gas tank is injected into a floating roof gas collecting system through a nitrogen injection and air exhaust pipe network, the internal pressure of the gas phase space is prevented from being too low, the breathing valve is opened, external air enters the system, the oxygen content is improved, and the fire explosion risk is increased; when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure of the gas phase space is higher than a set pressure value, the pressure transmitter transmits a signal to the fixed protection device, so that a nitrogen injection and air extraction device in the protection device operates, gas is extracted from a floating roof gas collection system through a nitrogen injection and air extraction pipe network, the pressure of the gas phase space under the floating roof gas collection system and a floating disc is reduced, the phenomenon that the pressure is too high to cause the exhaust of oil gas out of a breather valve is avoided, the extracted gas is pressurized, condensed, adsorbed and purified through an oil gas treatment device in the fixed protection device, and the extracted gas is directly exhausted into the air after reaching an exhaust standard; when the pressure returns to the normal preset pressure from the low-pressure or high-pressure state, the pressure transmitter transmits a signal to the protection device to control the nitrogen injection and air exhaust device to stop running.
In the idle period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom and the high-position operation period of the storage tank, gas in the gas-phase space under the floating roof gas-collecting system and the floating plate is detected on line by a gas detection device in the protective device, and the detected gas is pressurized, condensed, adsorbed and purified by an oil-gas treatment device and then is discharged; when the oxygen content is detected to be higher than a set value, the protection device controls the operation of the nitrogen injection and extraction device, the gas in the floating roof gas collection system is extracted out partially until the pressure in the gas phase space is slightly higher than the suction pressure of the breather valve, the gas is prevented from being sucked in from the outside by the breather valve, the extracted gas is pressurized, condensed, adsorbed and purified by the oil gas treatment device, and the extracted gas is directly discharged after reaching the standard; when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure value of the residual gas in the gas phase space reaches the preset low-pressure, the operating state of the nitrogen injection and extraction device is changed, nitrogen is extracted from the buffer gas tank and injected into the floating roof gas collection system, and when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure value of the gas phase space is slightly lower than the exhaust pressure of the breather valve, the injection of the nitrogen is stopped, so that the oxygen in the gas phase space under the floating disc in the storage tank is diluted.
As shown in fig. 4, during the oil receiving period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom, the liquid phase in the tank is increased, oil gas in the gas phase space of the floating plate is greatly extruded, and a mobile nitrogen recovery device is connected to the first pipeline connector and the second pipeline connector before oil receiving, so that the floating roof gas collection system and the gas phase space under the floating plate in the whole oil receiving process when the floating plate falls to the bottom are pumped; in the initial stage of oil collection, the pressure value of the gas phase space can be gradually increased along with the rise of the liquid level, when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure value of the gas phase space rises to a preset value, the pneumatic valve is opened and the movable nitrogen recovery device is started, the gas in the gas phase space of the floating disc is discharged into the floating roof gas collection system through the automatic vent valve and the edge breather valve, then the gas is pressurized, condensed, adsorbed and purified by the movable nitrogen recovery device through the vent hose and the vent steel pipe, the oil and gas in the gas are separated and collected, and the treated gas is separated by a membrane separation mode and is injected into the buffer gas tank; when the storage pressure in the buffer gas tank is higher than the rated storage pressure, the redundant gas is discharged into the air; in the whole oil receiving process, the pressure transmitter detects the pressure change condition in the gas phase space, and the movable nitrogen recovery device controls the air extraction speed according to the monitored pressure change condition until the pressure value in the gas phase space is basically stable, so that the air extraction speed is equal to the oil receiving speed, and the gas in the system is prevented from being discharged into the air to pollute the air and the outside air from entering the gas phase space; when the floating disc begins to rise and the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure in the tank is lower than the preset low-pressure, the movable nitrogen recovery device is stopped, and the pneumatic valve and the protection system are closed.
When the system runs for the first time and the nitrogen amount in the buffer gas tank is insufficient, the movable nitrogen recovery device can be used as a nitrogen making machine to directly extract air from the air to make nitrogen.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Outer floating roof storage tank overall process operation safety protection system includes oil storage tank (1) and sets up floating plate (2) in oil storage tank (1), its characterized in that: the floating roof gas collection system (4) is arranged on the floating disc (2) and used for covering a plurality of automatic ventilation valves (3) at the top of the floating disc (2), the floating roof gas collection system (4) is used for communicating the automatic ventilation valves (3) on the floating disc (2) with edge breather valves (13) to form a closed gas collection environment, a nitrogen injection port and an air extraction port are arranged on the floating roof gas collection system (4), the safety protection system further comprises a pressure detection unit or a valve position detection unit, the pressure detection unit is used for monitoring the pressure changes in the floating roof gas collection system and in a gas phase space (5) below the floating disc in real time, and the valve position detection unit is used for monitoring the opening and closing states of the automatic ventilation valves in real time;
a nitrogen injection port arranged on the floating roof gas collecting system (4) is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system through a nitrogen pipeline (9) and is used for safety protection during the oil development period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom;
an air exhaust port arranged on the floating roof gas collecting system (4) is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system through a self-adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network and is used for safety protection in the oil recovery period when a floating plate of the outer floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom;
the floating roof gas collection system (4) is respectively connected with a nitrogen injection and extraction device (121) and a gas detection device (122) in a protection device (12) through a nitrogen injection and extraction pipe network (10) and a sampling pipe network (11), and the nitrogen injection and extraction device (121) and the gas detection device (122) in the protection device (12) are both connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system and used for safety protection of the empty period of the falling bottom of the floating plate of the outer floating roof storage tank and the high-position operation period of the storage tank;
the device comprises a floating roof gas collecting system (4), a nitrogen injection and extraction device (121), a sampling pipe network (11), a gas detection device (122), a buffering gas tank (18), a floating roof gas collecting system (4) and a floating roof gas collecting system (10).
2. The overall process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof tank of claim 1, wherein: the floating roof gas collection system (4) comprises a gas collecting hood and a gas collecting pipe network, wherein the gas collecting hood is used for completely covering an automatic vent valve (3) on a floating disc (2) of an outer floating roof storage tank, the gas collecting pipe network is communicated with a valve port of an edge breather valve (13) of the floating disc (2) and mutually communicates all the gas collecting hoods to form a closed gas collecting environment, a pressure detection unit is a pressure transmitter (8), the pressure transmitter (8) is arranged on the gas collecting pipe network, and a valve position detection unit is arranged in the gas collecting hood.
3. The overall process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof tank of claim 1, wherein: a breather valve (14) is arranged on the floating roof gas collecting system (4).
4. The overall process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof tank of claim 1, wherein: an air extraction opening in the floating roof gas collection system (4) is connected with a pneumatic valve (7), the self-adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network is composed of a ventilation steel pipe (15) and a ventilation hose (16), one end of the ventilation hose (16) is connected with the pneumatic valve (7), the other end of the ventilation hose (16) extends to the top of the outer floating roof storage tank and is connected with one end of the ventilation steel pipe (15), and the other end of the ventilation steel pipe (15) extends to the outside of the fire bank and is connected with a nitrogen recovery and supply system.
5. The all-process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the nitrogen recovery and supply system comprises a nitrogen recovery device (17), a buffer gas tank (18) and a proportional mixing device (19), wherein the outlet end of the nitrogen recovery device (17) is connected with the inlet end of the buffer gas tank (18) through a pipeline, a nitrogen injection port in the floating roof gas collection system (4) is connected with a nitrogen seal valve (6), the outlet end of the buffer gas tank (18) is connected with the nitrogen seal valve (6) through the proportional mixing device (19), nitrogen is injected into a gas phase space (5) under the floating disc (2) through the nitrogen seal valve (6), the inlet end of the nitrogen recovery device (17) is connected with a pneumatic valve (7) arranged at the air exhaust port through a self-adaptive telescopic ventilation pipe network, and gas is extracted from the gas phase space (5) under the floating disc (2) through the pneumatic valve (7).
6. The overall process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof tank of claim 5, wherein: nitrogen gas recovery unit (17) are portable structure, are provided with first pipeline joint (20) and second pipeline joint (21) respectively at the business turn over end of portable nitrogen gas recovery unit (17) and are used for the connection of device, in the oil receiving and dispatching period of outer floating roof storage tank floating deck bottoming, the flexible pipe network of ventilating of self-adaptation and nitrogen gas pipeline (9) all communicate through the business turn over end of corresponding pipeline joint with portable nitrogen gas recovery unit (17), in other operation periods of outer floating roof storage tank, first pipeline joint (20) and second pipeline joint (21) do not connect any device, are in the encapsulated situation.
7. The full-process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof storage tank, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the protection device (12) is a fixed structure arranged outside the fire bank, the downstream of the gas detection device (122) is connected with an oil gas treatment device (123) in the protection device (12), and the nitrogen injection and air extraction device (121) is connected with the oil gas treatment device (123).
8. The protection method of the whole-process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof tank, according to any one of claims 5 to 7, is characterized in that:
in the oil distribution period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom, when the pressure of a gas phase space is reduced and is lower than the control pressure of the nitrogen seal valve, or when the valve position detection unit detects that the automatic vent valve is opened, the valve of the nitrogen seal valve can be automatically opened, nitrogen stored in the buffer gas tank is mixed with outside air through the proportional mixing device, so that the nitrogen concentration of mixed gas reaches a required range, and then the mixed gas is injected into the gas phase space below the floating roof gas collection system and the floating plate through the nitrogen pipeline; in the oil distributing process, the nitrogen sealing valve can automatically adjust the nitrogen injection amount according to the pressure of the gas phase space, and the internal part of the gas phase space is kept in a micro-positive pressure state;
in the idle period when the floating plate of the outer floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom and the high-position operation period of the storage tank, nitrogen injection and air extraction operations are carried out on the gas phase space under the floating plate through a nitrogen injection and air extraction device in the protection device, so that the control of the pressure range in the gas phase space is realized; the gas in the gas-phase space under the floating roof gas collecting system and the floating disc is detected on line through the intermittent operation of the gas detecting device in the protective device, and the oxygen content in the gas-phase space is controlled through nitrogen injection and air extraction operations;
in the oil receiving period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom, when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure of the gas phase space rises to a set pressure, the pneumatic valve is opened and the nitrogen recovery device is started to pump the gas in the floating roof gas collection system and the gas phase space under the floating plate; in the oil receiving process, the pressure transmitter can monitor the pressure value of the gas phase space in real time, the nitrogen recovery device adjusts the air suction speed according to the monitored pressure value change condition, and the gas phase space under the floating disc is controlled to be in a micro-positive pressure state.
9. The protection method of the whole-process operation safety protection system of the outer floating roof storage tank according to claim 8, characterized in that: detecting the pressure change of a gas phase space through a pressure transmitter in the idle period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom and the high-position operation period of the storage tank, and when the pressure is reduced to the preset pressure, operating a nitrogen injection and extraction device in a protection device to inject nitrogen stored in a buffer tank into a floating roof gas collection system through a nitrogen injection and extraction pipe network; when the pressure is increased to a preset pressure, the pressure transmitter transmits a signal to the protection device, so that the nitrogen injection and air extraction device in the protection device operates, gas is extracted from the floating roof gas collection system through the nitrogen injection and air extraction pipe network, the pressure is reduced, the extracted gas is subjected to pressurization, condensation, adsorption and purification treatment through an oil gas treatment device in the protection device, and the gas is directly discharged into the air after reaching the emission standard; when the pressure returns to the normal preset pressure from the low-pressure or high-pressure state, the pressure transmitter transmits a signal to the protection device to control the nitrogen injection and air exhaust device to stop running.
10. The protection method of the whole-process operation safety protection system of the external floating roof storage tank, according to claim 9, is characterized in that: in the idle period when the floating plate of the external floating roof storage tank falls to the bottom and the high-position operation period of the storage tank, the gas in the floating roof gas collecting system and the gas phase space under the floating plate are detected on line by the gas detection device in the protective device, when the oxygen content is detected to be higher than a set value, the protective device controls the operation of the nitrogen injection and extraction device, the gas in the floating roof gas collecting system is extracted, the pressure in the gas phase space is higher than the suction pressure of the breather valve, and the extracted gas is pressurized, condensed, adsorbed and purified by the oil gas treatment device and is directly discharged after reaching the standard; when the pressure transmitter detects that the pressure value of the residual gas in the gas phase space reaches the preset low-pressure, the operating state of the nitrogen injection and extraction device is changed, nitrogen is extracted from the buffer gas tank and injected into the floating roof gas collection system, and the injection of the nitrogen is stopped until the pressure of the gas phase space reaches the preset high-pressure, so that the oxygen in the gas phase space under the floating disc in the storage tank is diluted.
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| CN114313674B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-01-26 | 威特龙消防安全集团股份公司 | Internal circulation inerting protection system and method for normal pressure storage tank |
| CN115475417A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-16 | 中核核电运行管理有限公司 | Method and device for reducing oxygen content of medium in floating roof tank of nuclear power plant |
| CN115535482B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-04-07 | 克拉玛依市科林恩能源科技有限责任公司 | Crude oil storage tank sealing method and system |
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