CN112998912A

CN112998912A - 3D printing acetabular cup prosthesis for artificial hip joint replacement surgery

Info

Publication number: CN112998912A
Application number: CN202110272555.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雷鹏飞; 胡懿郃
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine
Priority date: 2021-03-12
Filing date: 2021-03-12
Publication date: 2021-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-12
Also published as: CN112998912B

Abstract

A3D printing acetabulum cup prosthesis used for artificial hip joint replacement surgery comprises an acetabulum outer cup, an acetabulum inner cup arranged in the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup, and a double-acting ball head arranged in the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup; the acetabulum cup is characterized in that the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup is connected with the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup through bone cement, and the double-acting ball head can rotate relative to the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup; a plurality of round holes for fixing screws and implanting bones are arranged on the acetabulum outer cup; the acetabulum inner cup is made of polyethylene with strong wear resistance and deformation resistance. The acetabulum inner cup and the acetabulum outer cup are connected through bone cement, so that the fixed angle of the acetabulum inner cup can be adjusted to a certain extent according to the condition in operation; and the problem of fixing failure of the acetabular cup prosthesis due to large stress of a contact surface between the acetabular cup prosthesis and cancellous bone is solved by arranging the acetabular cup.

Description

3D printing acetabular cup prosthesis for artificial hip joint replacement surgery

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a 3D printing acetabular cup prosthesis for an artificial hip joint replacement operation.

Background

The hip joint, one of the most important joints of the human body, bears a large part of the body weight, however, some serious arthritis may cause pain of the hip joint and loss of the function of the hip joint, and the daily life of a patient is seriously affected. Total hip replacement refers to the replacement of a damaged joint with a material that simulates the structure of a human joint to achieve the purposes of eliminating joint pain and recovering joint function.

The hip joint prosthesis comprises an acetabular cup, a femoral head and a femoral stem, wherein the acetabular cup is connected with a trunk and a lower limb and is directly contacted with bone tissues, plays an important role in the bearing and force transmission processes of daily activities of a human body, and is a key for ensuring the stable use of the prosthesis in the human body. There are two types of fixation methods commonly used in the medical field, one is a biological fixation technique using a surface coating, and the other is a bone cement fixation technique. The surface coating biological fixation technology specifically comprises a titanium coating, a hydroxyapatite coating and a tantalum coating, wherein the surfaces of the acetabulum cup and the femoral stem are formed into micropore rough surfaces in a spraying mode, and the bone cells are induced to grow in. But the moving interface material of the joint is easy to wear, and the polyethylene and metal particles are easy to permeate around the whole joint cavity to cause inflammatory pseudotumor of soft tissue. In addition, the surface-sprayed material is easy to fall off and separate, and hydroxyapatite can be absorbed within a certain time and loses the corresponding effect. Although the porous tantalum metal coating has good biocompatibility and the trabecular bone can effectively avoid stress shielding, the macroscopic and microscopic pore structures can not be flexibly regulated and controlled due to the adoption of a chemical meteorological deposition mode, the cost is high, and personalized customized production is basically difficult to realize. The bone cement fixing technology is adopted, because stress shielding is serious in the later stage of long-term use of the joint, the stress of a contact surface between the acetabular cup and cancellous bone is large, and the cancellous bone is likely to collapse, so that the acetabular cup prosthesis is failed to be fixed, and the bone cement fixing technology is generally only used for patients with senile osteoporosis.

The invention provides an acetabular cup prosthesis prepared by a 3D printing process for an artificial hip joint replacement operation, aiming at the problems that in the prior art, when a bone cement fixing technology is adopted, spongy bone collapses due to large stress of a contact surface between the acetabular cup prosthesis and the spongy bone, and acetabular cup prosthesis coatings biologically fixed by a spraying technology fall off and fail, so that acetabular cup prosthesis fixing fails and bone is dissolved.

Disclosure of Invention

To overcome the problems set forth in the background, the present invention provides a 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in artificial hip replacement surgery.

A3D printing acetabulum cup prosthesis used for artificial hip joint replacement surgery comprises an acetabulum outer cup, an acetabulum inner cup arranged in the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup, and a double-acting ball head arranged in the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup; the acetabulum cup is characterized in that the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup is connected with the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup through bone cement, and the double-acting ball head can rotate relative to the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup; a plurality of round holes for screw fixation and bone grafting are arranged on the acetabulum outer cup; the acetabulum inner cup is made of polyethylene with strong wear resistance and deformation resistance. The fixed angle of the acetabulum inner cup can be adjusted according to the condition in operation by connecting the acetabulum inner cup and the acetabulum outer cup through bone cement; and the problem of fixing failure of the acetabular cup prosthesis due to large stress of a contact surface between the acetabular cup prosthesis and cancellous bone is solved by arranging the acetabular cup.

Furthermore, the acetabulum outer cup, the acetabulum inner cup and the double-acting ball head are all arranged into a hemispherical groove structure; the arrangement is more close to the structure of the hip joint of the human body, and the structure movement is more suitable.

Further, the outer diameter of the double-acting ball head is set to be 36mm, and the inner diameter of the double-acting ball head is set to be 22 mm.

Further, the inner diameter of the inner acetabular cup is 36mm, the outer diameter of the inner acetabular cup is set to be 40mm-70mm, the outer diameter value of the inner acetabular cup is correspondingly adjusted according to different inner diameter values of the outer acetabular cup, and the inner diameter value of the inner acetabular cup is kept constant; through the fixed inner diameter value of the acetabular cup, the problem that the rotating center of the double-acting ball head or the femoral head moves upwards along with the continuous increase of the outer diameter value of the acetabular cup is effectively avoided by the mode of movably setting the outer diameter value of the acetabular cup.

Further, a first spherical center of a sphere formed on the inner surface of the acetabulum inner cup and a second spherical center of a sphere formed on the inner surface of the acetabulum outer cup are not overlapped with each other; the arrangement can effectively prevent the dislocation phenomenon between the double-acting ball head and the inner acetabular cup when the double-acting ball head rotates relative to the inner cavity of the inner acetabular cup.

Furthermore, a connecting line formed by a point at which the connecting line passes through the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular cup and a point at which the second end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular cup in the front view state after the prosthesis is implanted is a first connecting line, and the connecting line passes through a point at which the connecting line passes through the first spherical center; a connecting line formed by a point of the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the inner acetabular cup and a point of the second end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the outer acetabular cup is a second connecting line, and the second connecting line passes through a point of the second sphere center; and the first connecting line and the second connecting line are intersected at the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular cup, and the acute angle of the included angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line is 15-30 degrees. The arrangement can effectively prolong the service life of the prosthesis.

Furthermore, a connecting line between a point of the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabulum outer cup and a point of the first end of the inner side wall of the opening position of the acetabulum outer cup coincides with the first connecting line.

Or a connecting line between a point passing through the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the outer acetabular cup and a point passing through the second end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the outer acetabular cup in the front view state after the prosthesis is implanted is a third connecting line, and the third connecting line passes through a point passing through the second spherical center; a connecting line passing through the point of the first sphere center and the point of the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular cup is a fourth connecting line, and the third connecting line is parallel to the fourth connecting line; the distance between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line is 3-6 mm. The arrangement ensures good use effect of the prosthesis after being implanted into a human body.

Furthermore, a connecting line between the first spherical center and a point of the first end or the second end of the inner side wall of the opening position of the inner acetabular cup is a connecting line five, namely the radius of the inner side wall of the inner acetabular cup; the connecting line five rotates around the first spherical center along the second end of the acetabular inner cup to the first end, and the wall thickness of a rotating area of the connecting line five passing through the acetabular inner cup is gradually and uniformly thickened; the wall thickness value of the second end of the acetabular inner cup is more than or equal to 4mm, and the wall thickness value of the first end of the acetabular inner cup is less than or equal to 32 mm. When the artificial hip joint is used, the artificial hip joint is implanted into a human body, when the legs of the human body are abducted, the double-acting ball heads rotate inwards relative to the acetabular inner cup, namely the upper end area of the acetabular inner cup close to the vertical direction is stressed more seriously than the two ends of the acetabular inner cup; when the legs of the human body normally step forward and backward or run, the double-acting ball head still takes the position, close to the first end, of the acetabular inner cup as a main stress area in the rotation process of the double-acting ball head relative to the acetabular inner cup due to the physiological characteristics of the hip joint, so that the arrangement that the wall thickness of the acetabular inner cup is gradually thickened from the second end to the first end effectively improves the wear resistance and the anti-deformation capacity of the acetabular inner cup, and the stability of the implanted prosthesis is ensured.

Further, when the inner diameter value of the acetabulum outer cup is increased, the outer diameter value of the acetabulum inner cup is also increased in equal proportion, the thicknesses of the second end and the first end of the acetabulum inner cup are integrally increased, and the inner diameter value of the acetabulum inner cup is still kept constant; the arrangement can also effectively ensure the wear resistance and the deformation resistance of the acetabular inner cup.

Or when the inner diameter value of the acetabulum outer cup is increased, the wall thickness value of the second end of the acetabulum inner cup ranges from 4mm to 6mm, but the wall thickness of the first end of the acetabulum inner cup, namely the outer upper edge part of the acetabulum inner cup, is increased; in the use process, the outer upper edge, namely the thickened part, of the outer surface of the inner acetabular cup is used for receiving stress, so that the problem that the rotating center of a double-acting ball head or a femoral head moves upwards along with the increase of the outer diameter value of the inner acetabular cup can be effectively avoided.

Further, the first end edge of the outer acetabular cup does not extend beyond the first end edge of the inner acetabular cup, and the second end edge of the outer acetabular cup is flush with or extends beyond the second end edge of the inner acetabular cup.

Further, a plugging cap for fixing a round hole is arranged on the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup, so that the round hole is not required to be fixed by screws for part; the arrangement can effectively increase the overall strength of the outer cup and the contact area between the outer cup and host bones, and effectively improve the biological fixation stability.

Furthermore, a hydroxyapatite coating is sprayed on the position, where the round hole is not arranged, of the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup; the surface coating and the round holes are combined to effectively promote bone ingrowth and improve biological fixation stability.

Further, a medicine containing groove capable of containing medicine is arranged on the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup, and the medicine containing groove is embedded in the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup; the arrangement is convenient for carrying out dual treatment of physical therapy and drug adding treatment on patients with seriously damaged hip joints, and the volume of the drug containing groove is limited, so that the action period of the drug in the drug containing groove on bones is limited, and the side effect of partial drug is effectively avoided.

Further, the medicament comprises a medicament for preventing the bone from inflammation in the bone tissue growth process and effectively assisting the bone tissue growth; and can be used for loading antibiotics and treating hip joint replacement cases with infection history.

Furthermore, the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup is provided with a cross groove, a circular groove, a rectangular groove or other shapes which are embedded in the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup, and the medicine containing groove is arranged in the cross groove, the circular groove or the rectangular groove. When the acetabulum cup is used, the outer acetabulum cup is extruded by the inner acetabulum cup, under the action of pressure and peristalsis, bone tissues are sunk into the cross groove or the circular groove or the rectangular groove, and at the moment, the medicines in the medicine containing groove can be directly and accurately butted with the bone tissues, so that the medicine effect is best.

Or, a hydroxyapatite coating is sprayed inside the cross-shaped groove, the circular groove or the rectangular groove.

Furthermore, an interlayer for preventing blood from permeating caused by placing bone cement in the operation process is arranged in the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup, so that the cross-linking and fixing effect of the bone cement is influenced, and the interlayer is of a non-porous hemispherical groove structure; the arrangement of the interlayer and the plugging cap can well prevent bone cement from extruding into host bone on the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup to influence bone ingrowth when being pressurized.

Further, the wall thickness of the interlayer is set to be 0.5 mm.

Further, an acetabulum support which is beneficial to fixing iliac bones and the lower edge of the acetabulum is arranged between the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup and the outer surface of the acetabulum inner cup, and a bone grafting through hole is arranged on the acetabulum support; when a discontinuity occurs in the pelvis, bridging occurs through the acetabular mount to provide initial stability to the overall system.

During the use, use the acetabular bone file to polish behind the normal position of clear-down acetabular bone, then at the outer cup of corresponding position installation acetabular bone, adopt the screw to pass through round hole or nail hole fixed according to the sclerotin condition, make the outer cup of acetabular bone reach the biggest initial stability. Selecting an acetabulum support with a proper size according to the model of the acetabulum outer cup, shaping the acetabulum support according to needs, and sequentially installing the interlayer and the acetabulum support in an inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup after shaping; then fixing the inner cup of the acetabulum by installing bone cement in the inner cavity of the acetabulum support, adjusting the anteversion angle and the abduction angle of the inner cup of the acetabulum to be optimal, and finally installing a double-acting ball head in the inner cavity of the inner cup of the acetabulum.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention limits the relative positions of the inner diameter of the inner acetabular cup, the outer diameter of the outer acetabular cup and the first spherical center of the inner surface of the inner acetabular cup relative to the second spherical center of the outer acetabular cup, effectively improves the wear resistance of the inner acetabular cup in a mode of thickening the wall thickness of a stressed area of the double-acting ball head when the inner acetabular cup rotates, and effectively ensures the stability of the prosthesis after being implanted into a human body by spraying a hydroxyapatite coating on the outer surface of the outer acetabular cup, wherein the hydroxyapatite coating can effectively promote bone ingrowth; in addition, according to the scheme, the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup is provided with the cross groove or the circular groove with the medicine containing groove, so that physical and medicine dual treatment can be effectively performed on a patient with seriously damaged hip joint.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the acetabular outer cup, the acetabular support, the acetabular inner cup and the double acting ball head of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the acetabular outer cup, the acetabular inner cup and the double acting ball head of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the acetabular outer cup and the acetabular inner cup in a front view state after the acetabular cup is implanted into a human body, wherein A is an acute angle of an included angle between a first connecting line and a second connecting line of 30 degrees, B is an acute angle of an included angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line of 15 degrees, C is a distance between a third connecting line and a fourth connecting line of 3mm, and D is a distance between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line of 6 mm;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the acetabular outer cup and the acetabular inner cup in a front view state after the acetabular cup is implanted into a human body (when the inner diameter of the acetabular outer cup is increased, the outer diameter of the acetabular inner cup is also increased in equal proportion, and the thicknesses of the second end and the first end of the acetabular inner cup are increased as a whole), wherein A is an acute angle of an included angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line of 30 degrees, B is an acute angle of an included angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line of 15 degrees, C is a distance between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line of 3mm, and D is a distance between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line of 6;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the acetabular outer cup and the acetabular inner cup in a front view after the acetabular cup is implanted into a human body (when the inner diameter of the acetabular outer cup is increased, the wall thickness of the second end of the acetabular inner cup is not changed, but the wall thickness of the first end of the acetabular inner cup, i.e., the outer upper edge of the acetabular inner cup, is increased), wherein A is an acute angle of an included angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line of 30 degrees, B is an acute angle of an included angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line of 15 degrees, C is a distance between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line of 3mm, and D is a distance between the third connecting line and;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the acetabular shell of the invention with a spacer disposed therein;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the acetabular outer cup of the invention with a rectangular groove formed in the outer surface thereof;

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged structural view of the outer surface of the acetabular outer cup of the invention, in which a cross groove is embedded and a medicine containing groove is arranged in the cross groove;

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged structural view of the acetabular outer cup according to the invention, wherein a circular groove is embedded in the outer surface of the acetabular outer cup, and a medicine containing groove is formed in the circular groove;

in the drawings, 1, an acetabular outer cup; 11. a circular hole; 12. a medicine containing groove; 13. a cross groove; 14. a circular groove; 15. a rectangular groove; 16. a second spherical center; 2. an acetabular inner cup; 21. a first spherical center; 3. a double acting ball head; 41. a first connecting line; 42. a second connecting line; 43. a third connecting line; 44. a fourth connecting line; 45. a fifth connecting line; 5. an interlayer; 61. bone grafting through holes; 62. turning up and warping tablets; 63. an arc-shaped slot; 7. a first end; 8. a second end.

Detailed Description

It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in non-precise proportions for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.

All numerical values herein are assumed to be modified by the term "about," whether or not explicitly indicated. In the context of using numerical values, the term "about" generally refers to a range that one of ordinary skill in the art would consider equivalent to the recited value (i.e., having the same function or result) and its vicinity. In many instances, the term "about" may include numerical values that are rounded to the nearest significant figure. Unless otherwise specified, other uses of the term "about" (i.e., in contexts other than the use of numerical values) can be assumed to have their ordinary and customary definitions, as can be exercised in accordance with and consistent with the context of this specification.

As used in the specification and claims, the "outer side" refers to a side away from the central axis of the human body, the "inner side" refers to a side close to the central axis of the human body, and the "axis" or "axis" refers to a central axis or axis of symmetry on which a person or object is located; in addition, the "orthopaedic prosthesis" to which the present invention relates includes, but is not limited to, acetabular cups, and also other artificial orthopaedic implants that can act in vivo.

Example 1A 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in an artificial hip replacement procedure

A3D prints acetabulum cup prosthesis for artificial hip joint replacement operation, it includes acetabulum outer cup 1, acetabulum inner cup 2 set in acetabulum outer cup 1 cavity, and double acting bulb 3 set in acetabulum inner cup 2 cavity; the acetabulum cup is characterized in that the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup 2 and the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup 1 are connected through bone cement, and the double-acting ball head 3 can rotate relative to the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup 2; a plurality of round holes 11 for fixing screws and implanting bones are arranged on the acetabulum outer cup 1; the acetabulum inner cup 2 is a polyethylene acetabulum inner cup 2 with strong wear resistance and deformation resistance. The fixed angle of the acetabulum inner cup 2 can be adjusted according to the condition in operation by connecting the acetabulum inner cup 2 and the acetabulum outer cup 1 through bone cement; and the problem of fixing failure of the acetabular cup prosthesis due to large stress of a contact surface between the acetabular cup prosthesis and cancellous bone is solved by arranging the acetabular cup 2.

The acetabulum outer cup 1, the acetabulum inner cup 2 and the double-acting ball head 3 are all arranged in a hemispherical groove structure; the arrangement is more close to the structure of the hip joint of the human body, and the structure movement is more suitable.

The outer diameter of the double-acting ball head 3 is set to be 36mm, and the inner diameter is set to be 22 mm. The inner diameter of the acetabulum inner cup 2 is 36mm, the outer diameter of the acetabulum inner cup 2 is set to be 40mm-70mm, the outer diameter value of the acetabulum inner cup 2 is correspondingly adjusted according to different inner diameter values of the acetabulum outer cup 1, but the inner diameter value of the acetabulum inner cup 2 is kept constant; through the fixed inner diameter value of the inner acetabular cup 2, the problem that the rotation center of the double-acting ball head 3 or the femoral head moves upwards along with the continuous increase of the outer diameter value of the inner acetabular cup 2 is effectively solved by movably setting the outer diameter value of the inner acetabular cup 2.

The first spherical center 21 of the sphere formed on the inner surface of the acetabulum inner cup 2 and the second spherical center 16 of the sphere formed on the inner surface of the acetabulum outer cup 1 are not coincident with each other; the arrangement can effectively prevent the dislocation phenomenon between the double-acting ball head 3 and the acetabulum inner cup 2 when the double-acting ball head 3 rotates relative to the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup 2.

A connecting line formed by a point where the first end 7 of the outer side wall at the opening position of the acetabular inner cup 2 passes and a point where the second end 8 of the outer side wall at the opening position of the acetabular inner cup 2 passes in a front view state after the prosthesis is implanted is a first connecting line 41, and the first connecting line 41 passes through a point where the first spherical center 21 passes; a connecting line formed by a point of the first end 7 of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabulum inner cup 2 and a point of the second end 8 of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabulum outer cup 1 is a second connecting line 42, and the second connecting line 42 passes through a point of the second sphere center 16; and the first connecting line 41 and the second connecting line 42 are intersected at the point of the first end 7 of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular inner cup 2, and the acute angle of the included angle between the first connecting line 41 and the second connecting line 42 is 15-30 degrees. The arrangement can effectively prolong the service life of the prosthesis.

A connecting line between the point of the first end 7 of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabulum outer cup 1 and the point of the first end 7 of the inner side wall of the opening position of the acetabulum outer cup 1 coincides with the first connecting line 41.

A connecting line between the first spherical center 21 and a point of the first end 7 or the second end 8 of the inner side wall of the opening position of the acetabular inner cup 2 is a connecting line five 45, namely the radius of the inner side wall of the acetabular inner cup 2; the connecting line five 45 rotates around the first spherical center 21 along the second end 8 of the acetabular cup 2 to the first end 7, and the wall thickness of the rotating area of the connecting line five 45 passing through the acetabular cup 2 is gradually and uniformly thickened; the wall thickness value of the second end 8 of the inner acetabular cup 2 is more than or equal to 4mm, and the wall thickness value of the first end 7 of the inner acetabular cup 2 is less than or equal to 32 mm. When the artificial hip joint is used, the artificial hip joint is implanted into a human body, when the legs of the human body are abducted, the double-acting ball head 3 rotates inwards relative to the acetabulum inner cup 2, namely the upper end area of the acetabulum inner cup 2 close to the vertical direction is stressed more seriously than the two ends of the acetabulum inner cup 2; when the legs of the human body normally step forward and backward or run, the double-acting ball head 3 still uses the position, close to the first end 7, of the acetabular inner cup 2 as a main stress area in the rotation process relative to the acetabular inner cup 2 due to the physiological characteristics of the hip joint, so that the arrangement that the wall thickness of the acetabular inner cup 2 is gradually thickened from the second end 8 to the first end 7 effectively improves the wear resistance and the deformation resistance of the acetabular inner cup 2, and the stability of the prosthesis after implantation is ensured.

When the inner diameter value of the acetabulum outer cup 1 is increased, the outer diameter value of the acetabulum inner cup 2 is also increased in equal proportion, the thicknesses of the second end 8 and the first end 7 of the acetabulum inner cup 2 are integrally increased, but the inner diameter value of the acetabulum inner cup 2 is still kept constant; the arrangement can also effectively ensure the wear resistance and the deformation resistance of the acetabulum inner cup 2.

The edge of the first end 7 of the outer acetabular cup 1 does not exceed the edge of the first end 7 of the inner acetabular cup 2, and the edge of the second end 8 of the outer acetabular cup 1 is flush with the edge of the second end 8 of the inner acetabular cup 2 or exceeds the edge of the second end 8 of the inner acetabular cup 2.

The outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup 1 is provided with a plugging cap for fixing a round hole 11, so that the round hole 11 is partially fixed without screws; the arrangement can effectively increase the overall strength of the outer cup and the contact area between the outer cup and host bones, and effectively improve the biological fixation stability.

The inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup 1 is provided with an interlayer 5 for preventing blood from permeating caused by placing bone cement in the operation process, so that the cross-linking and fixing effect of the bone cement is influenced, and the interlayer 5 is of a non-porous hemispherical groove structure; the arrangement of the interlayer 5 and the plugging cap can well prevent bone cement from being extruded into host bone on the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup 1 when being pressurized to influence bone ingrowth. The wall thickness of the spacer 5 is set to 0.5 mm.

Embodiment 2A 3D printing acetabular cup prosthesis for artificial hip replacement surgery

In example 1, a connecting line formed by a point where the connecting line passes through the first end 7 of the outer side wall at the opening position of the acetabular cup 2 and a point where the second end 8 of the outer side wall at the opening position of the acetabular cup 2 in the orthographic view state after the prosthesis is implanted is a first connecting line 41, and the first connecting line 41 passes through a point where the first spherical center 21 is located; a connecting line formed by a point of the first end 7 of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabulum inner cup 2 and a point of the second end 8 of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabulum outer cup 1 is a second connecting line 42, and the second connecting line 42 passes through a point of the second sphere center 16; and the first connecting line 41 and the second connecting line 42 are intersected at the point of the first end 7 of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular inner cup 2, and the acute angle of the included angle between the first connecting line 41 and the second connecting line 42 is 15-30 degrees. The arrangement can effectively prolong the service life of the prosthesis. "the following technical features are replaced by the following technical features:

a connecting line III 43 is formed between a point of the first end 7 of the outer side wall at the opening position of the acetabulum outer cup 1 and a point of the second end 8 of the outer side wall at the opening position of the acetabulum outer cup 1 in the front view state after the prosthesis is implanted, and the connecting line III 43 passes through a point of the second spherical center 16; a connecting line passing through the point of the first spherical center 21 and the point of the first end 7 of the outer side wall at the opening position of the acetabular cup 2 is a fourth connecting line 44, and the third connecting line 43 and the fourth connecting line 44 are parallel to each other; the distance between the third connecting line 43 and the fourth connecting line 44 is 3mm-6 mm. The arrangement ensures good use effect of the prosthesis after being implanted into a human body. Connecting line five 45 and connecting line four 44 do not coincide.

Example 3A 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in an artificial hip replacement procedure

In example 1, "when the inner diameter value of the acetabular outer cup 1 is increased, the outer diameter value of the acetabular inner cup 2 is also increased in equal proportion, the thicknesses of the second end 8 and the first end 7 of the acetabular inner cup 2 are integrally increased, but the inner diameter value of the acetabular inner cup 2 is still kept constant; the arrangement can also effectively ensure the wear resistance and the deformation resistance of the acetabulum inner cup 2. "the following technical features are replaced by the following technical features:

when the inner diameter value of the acetabulum outer cup 1 is increased, the value of the wall thickness of the second end 8 of the acetabulum inner cup 2 ranges from 4mm to 6mm, but the wall thickness of the first end 7 of the acetabulum inner cup 2, namely the outer upper edge part of the acetabulum inner cup 2, is increased; in the using process, the outer upper edge, namely the thickened part, of the outer surface of the inner acetabular cup 2 is used for receiving stress, so that the problem that the rotation center of the double-acting ball head 3 or the femoral head moves upwards along with the increase of the outer diameter value of the inner acetabular cup 2 can be effectively avoided.

Example 4A 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in an artificial hip replacement procedure

The following technical characteristics are added on the basis of the

embodiment

1 or 2 or 3:

a hydroxyapatite coating is sprayed on the position where the round hole 11 is not arranged on the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup 1; the surface coating and the round hole 11 are combined to effectively promote bone ingrowth and improve biological fixation stability.

Example 5A 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in an artificial hip replacement procedure

The following technical characteristics are added on the basis of the embodiment 4:

the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup 1 is provided with a medicine containing groove 12 which can contain medicine, and the medicine containing groove 12 is embedded in the outer surface of the acetabulum outer cup 1; the arrangement is convenient for carrying out dual treatment of physical therapy and drug adding treatment on the patient with seriously damaged hip joint, and the volume of the drug containing groove 12 is limited, so that the acting period of the drug in the drug containing groove 12 on the bone is limited, and the side effect of partial drug is effectively avoided.

The medicament comprises a medicament for preventing the bone from inflammation in the bone tissue growth process and effectively assisting the bone tissue growth; and can be used for loading antibiotics and treating hip joint replacement cases with infection history.

The outer surface of the acetabular cup 1 is provided with a cross-shaped groove 13, a circular groove 14, a rectangular groove 15 or other shapes which are embedded in the outer surface of the acetabular cup 1, and the medicine containing groove 12 is arranged in the cross-shaped groove 13, the circular groove 14 or the rectangular groove 15. When the acetabulum cup is used, the outer acetabulum cup 1 is squeezed by the inner acetabulum cup 2, under the action of pressure and peristalsis, bone tissues are sunk into the cross-shaped groove 13, the circular groove 14 or the rectangular groove 15, and at the moment, the medicines in the medicine containing groove 12 can be directly and accurately butted with the bone tissues, so that the medicine effect is best.

Example 6A 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in an artificial hip replacement procedure

The added technical scheme in the embodiment 5 is replaced by the following technical scheme:

the outer surface of the acetabular cup 1 is provided with a cross-shaped groove 13, a circular groove 14, a rectangular groove 15 or other shapes which are embedded in the outer surface of the acetabular cup 1, and the medicine containing groove 12 is arranged in the cross-shaped groove 13, the circular groove 14 or the rectangular groove 15. And a hydroxyapatite coating is sprayed on the inner parts of the cross grooves 13 or the circular grooves 14 or the rectangular grooves 15.

Example 7A 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in an artificial hip replacement procedure

The following technical characteristics are added on the basis of the embodiment 5 or 6:

an acetabulum support which is beneficial to fixing iliac bones and the lower edge of acetabulum is arranged between the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup 1 and the outer surface of the acetabulum inner cup 2, and a bone grafting through hole 61 is arranged on the acetabulum support; when a discontinuity occurs in the pelvis, bridging occurs through the acetabular mount to provide initial stability to the overall system.

The acetabulum support comprises a hemispherical sheet main body matched with the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup 1, and an eversion and raising sheet 62 integrally connected with the outer edge of the hemispherical sheet main body; bone grafting through holes 61 on the acetabular stent are distributed and penetrate through the eversion warped-shaped sheet 62; in this way, the acetabular support is positioned in the inner cavity of the acetabular cup 1 and is connected with the natural bone through the bone grafting through holes 61 on the everting and raising sheets 62.

The outward-turning and warping-shaped sheet 62 is oppositely arranged on the hemispherical sheet main body, one side of the hemispherical sheet main body is provided with the outward-turning and warping-shaped sheet 62, the other side of the hemispherical sheet main body is provided with the three outward-turning and warping-shaped sheets 62, and the three outward-turning and warping-shaped sheets 62 are respectively provided with bone grafting through holes 61; in addition, arc-shaped grooves 63 are respectively arranged at two adjacent sides of the outward turning and warping sheet 62; the arrangement can ensure the bridging effect of the acetabular stent to the maximum extent.

The above description of the embodiments is only for the understanding of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications could be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, which would also fall within the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims

1. A3D printing acetabulum cup prosthesis used for artificial hip joint replacement surgery comprises an acetabulum outer cup, an acetabulum inner cup arranged in the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup, and a double-acting ball head arranged in the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup; the acetabulum cup is characterized in that the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup is connected with the inner cavity of the acetabulum outer cup through bone cement, and the double-acting ball head can rotate relative to the inner cavity of the acetabulum inner cup; a plurality of round holes for fixing screws and implanting bones are arranged on the acetabulum outer cup; the acetabulum inner cup is made of polyethylene with strong wear resistance and deformation resistance.

2. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for artificial hip replacement surgery according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the acetabular cup is 36mm, the outer diameter of the acetabular cup is set to 40mm-70mm, and the outer diameter of the acetabular cup is adjusted correspondingly according to different inner diameter values of the acetabular cup but the inner diameter value of the acetabular cup is kept constant.

3. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in artificial hip replacement surgery of claim 2, wherein a first spherical center of a sphere formed by the inner surface of the acetabular inner cup and a second spherical center of a sphere formed by the inner surface of the acetabular outer cup do not coincide with each other.

4. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for artificial hip replacement surgery of claim 3, wherein a connecting line formed by a point of the outer sidewall of the acetabular cup opening position and a point of the outer sidewall of the acetabular cup opening position in a front view state after implantation of the prosthesis is a first connecting line, the connecting line passes through a first spherical center at the point; a connecting line formed by a point of the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the inner acetabular cup and a point of the second end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the outer acetabular cup is a second connecting line, and the second connecting line passes through a point of the second sphere center; and the first connecting line and the second connecting line are intersected at the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular cup, and the acute angle of the included angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line is 15-30 degrees.

5. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for artificial hip replacement surgery of claim 3, wherein a connecting line passing through a point of a first end of an outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular cup and a point of a second end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular cup in a front view state after the prosthesis is implanted is a third connecting line, and the third connecting line passes through a point of a second spherical center; a connecting line passing through the point of the first sphere center and the point of the first end of the outer side wall of the opening position of the acetabular cup is a fourth connecting line, and the third connecting line is parallel to the fourth connecting line; the distance between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line is 3-6 mm.

6. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for artificial hip replacement surgery according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a line between the first spherical center and a point at which the first end or the second end of the inner side wall of the acetabular cup opening location is located is a connecting line five, which is a radius of the inner side wall of the acetabular cup; the connecting line five rotates around the first spherical center along the second end of the acetabular inner cup to the first end, and the wall thickness of a rotating area of the connecting line five passing through the acetabular inner cup is gradually and uniformly thickened; the wall thickness value of the second end of the acetabular inner cup is more than or equal to 4mm, and the wall thickness value of the first end of the acetabular inner cup is less than or equal to 32 mm.

7. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in artificial hip replacement surgery of claim 6, wherein as the inner diameter of the acetabular outer cup increases, the outer diameter of the acetabular inner cup also increases proportionally, and the thickness of the second and first ends of the acetabular inner cup increases as a whole, but the inner diameter of the acetabular inner cup remains constant.

8. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in artificial hip replacement surgery of claim 6, wherein the wall thickness at the second end of the acetabular cup ranges between 4mm and 6mm as the inner diameter of the acetabular cup increases, but the wall thickness at the first end of the acetabular cup, i.e., the outer upper edge portion of the acetabular cup, increases.

9. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for use in artificial hip replacement surgery of claim 1, wherein the first end edge of the acetabular outer cup does not extend beyond the first end edge of the acetabular inner cup and the second end edge of the acetabular outer cup is flush with or extends beyond the second end edge of the acetabular inner cup.

10. The 3D printed acetabular cup prosthesis for artificial hip replacement surgery of claim 1, wherein a drug containing groove capable of containing a drug is provided on an outer surface of the acetabular cup, and the drug containing groove is embedded in the outer surface of the acetabular cup.