CN112994446A - Improvement method of LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit - Google Patents

Improvement method of LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit Download PDF

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CN112994446A
CN112994446A CN202110171950.0A CN202110171950A CN112994446A CN 112994446 A CN112994446 A CN 112994446A CN 202110171950 A CN202110171950 A CN 202110171950A CN 112994446 A CN112994446 A CN 112994446A
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rectifying circuit
bridge type
improved
filter bridge
circuit
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CN112994446B (en
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王懿杰
麦建伟
曾宪瑞
姚友素
张相军
徐殿国
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/08—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output

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Abstract

An improvement method of an LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit belongs to the technical field of bridge type uncontrolled rectifying. The invention aims at the problems that when the load of the existing LC filter bridge type rectifying circuit is small, the input impedance presents obvious capacitance and the reactive component of the circuit is increased. The method is based on the traditional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, and an auxiliary inductor L is connected in series with one input end of the traditional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuitAdObtaining an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit; the auxiliary inductor LAdWhen the load resistance value is too small and the rectifying circuit works in an intermittent conduction mode, the input current cannot be suddenly changed, and a current conversion process exists; while the input voltage is made unequal to zero. The invention can improve the transmission efficiency of the system.

Description

Improvement method of LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to an improvement method of an LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, belonging to the technical field of bridge type uncontrolled rectifying.
Background
The bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit is widely applied to the field of power electronic converters due to the characteristics of simple structure, no need of control, high stability and the like.
The bridge rectifier circuit is a full-wave rectifier, and the output contains a direct current component and a higher harmonic component, and a low-pass filter is often needed to filter the harmonic component. The common filter structures of the uncontrolled rectifier are divided into a C-filter bridge rectifier and an LC-filter bridge rectifier, and different rectifier filter structures are matched with different circuit structures. For example, in the inductive wireless power transmission technology, different rectification filter structures are required to be used for different compensation topologies, a C filter bridge rectifier is required to be used for S/S (primary side series capacitor, secondary side series capacitor), LCC/S (primary side series inductor-parallel capacitor-series capacitor, secondary side series capacitor) and double-side LCC compensation topologies (primary side series inductor-parallel capacitor-series capacitor, secondary side series capacitor-parallel capacitor-series inductor), and an LC filter bridge rectifier is required to be used for S/P (primary side series capacitor, secondary side parallel capacitor) and S/SP (primary side series capacitor, secondary side series capacitor-parallel capacitor). For the LC filter bridge rectifier circuit, when the load resistance is too small, the circuit enters an intermittent conduction mode, the input impedance presents obvious capacitance, the duty ratio of the input current is lost, and voltage and current waveform distortion of different degrees is accompanied, so that the problems that the reactive component of the circuit is increased, the soft switching cannot be realized, the harmonic component is increased and the like are caused.
For the problem that the impedance angle of the load equivalent alternating-current impedance changes with the load resistance caused by the rectifier bridge, the existing research schemes can be roughly divided into two categories. The first type is to increase the margin by parameter design, so that the load works in a region with a smaller impedance angle. The second type is to change the uncontrolled diode into a controllable device by improving the structure of the rectifier bridge, so as to control the input voltage and current to have the same phase. Although the above two schemes reduce the adverse effect caused by load change to some extent, there are relatively large limitations: the first scheme has insufficient universality, and the increase of the margin requires a lot of cost investment, for example, the number of turns of coil winding is more, and the problem can only be weakened but not eliminated, and the problem is not solved fundamentally; the second type of scheme solves the problems from the root and has generality, but the second type of scheme has high cost and complex control and increases the instability of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an improvement method of an LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, aiming at the problems that when the load of the existing LC filter bridge type rectifying circuit is small, the input impedance presents obvious capacitance and the reactive component of the circuit is increased.
The invention discloses an improvement method of an LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, which is based on the traditional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, and an auxiliary inductor L is connected in series with one input end of the traditional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuitAdObtaining an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit;
the auxiliary inductor LAdWhen the load resistance value is too small and the rectifying circuit works in an intermittent conduction mode, the input current cannot be suddenly changed, and a current conversion process exists; while the input voltage is made unequal to zero.
According to the improved method of the LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, the auxiliary inductor LAdThe values of (a) are obtained by simulation experiments.
According to the improvement method of the LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, the auxiliary inductor L is arranged in the constant-voltage output induction type wireless power transmission system formed on the basis of the S/SP compensation topology of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuitAdThe value was 1.2 uH.
According to the improvement method of the LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, the auxiliary inductor L is arranged in the constant-current output induction type wireless power transmission system formed on the basis of the S/P compensation topology of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuitAdThe value was 7 uH.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit is obtained after the traditional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit is improved by adopting the method, the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit effectively weakens the adverse effect brought by a rectifier by adding a small inductor, the equivalent alternating current impedance angle of a smaller load can be kept on the premise of hardly increasing the system cost and the control complexity, the soft switching is favorably realized by changing the equivalent alternating current impedance from negative to positive, compared with the traditional bridge type rectifier circuit, the improved rectifier circuit can enable the input impedance to be always close to the resistance, inhibit the distortion and the duty ratio loss of voltage or current, reduce the harmonic content and the reactive component of the system, improve the transmission efficiency of the system, expand the load range and enable the LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit to be more widely applied in the field of power electronic converters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit obtained by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of six working modes of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit in one working period; wherein (a) is an equivalent circuit diagram of a working mode I of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit; (b) the equivalent circuit diagram is a working mode II equivalent circuit diagram of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit; wherein (c) is a working mode III equivalent circuit diagram of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit; wherein (d) is a working mode IV equivalent circuit diagram of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit; wherein (e) is a working mode V equivalent circuit diagram of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit; wherein (f) is a working mode VI equivalent circuit diagram of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the voltage and current waveforms of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit during one duty cycle; in the figure iD1And iD4Are respectively a flow-through diode D1And D4Current of (i)D2And iD3Are respectively a flow-through diode D2And D3The current of (a);
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a constant voltage output inductive wireless power transmission system formed based on an S/SP compensation topology of an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the relationship between the input impedance angle of the rectification circuit and the load resistance in the simulation of the constant voltage output inductive wireless power transmission system based on the S/SP compensation topology of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectification circuit;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the relationship between the output voltage of the rectification circuit and the load resistance in the simulation of the constant voltage output inductive wireless power transmission system based on the S/SP compensation topology of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectification circuit;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a constant current output inductive wireless power transmission system formed based on an S/P compensation topology of an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of the relationship between the input impedance angle of the rectification circuit and the load resistance in the simulation of the constant current output inductive wireless power transmission system based on the S/P compensation topology of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectification circuit;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output current of the rectifying circuit and the load resistance in the simulation of the constant current output inductive wireless power transmission system based on the S/P compensation topology of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an S/SP compensation topology using a conventional rectifier circuit;
FIG. 11 is a graph of the input impedance angle versus the load resistance obtained when a conventional rectifier circuit and a modified LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit are employed in the S/SP compensation topology circuit of FIG. 10, respectively;
FIG. 12 is a graph of output voltage versus load resistance obtained when a conventional rectifier circuit and a modified LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit are employed in the S/SP compensation topology circuit of FIG. 10, respectively;
FIG. 13 is a graph of system efficiency versus load resistance obtained when a conventional rectifier circuit and a modified LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit are employed in the S/SP compensation topology circuit of FIG. 10, respectively;
FIG. 14 is a graph of voltage current waveforms for an inverter and a rectifier circuit when a conventional rectifier circuit is employed in the S/SP compensation topology of FIG. 10; u in the figureABCorresponds to uin，iABCorresponds to iin；
FIG. 15 is a graph of voltage and current waveforms for an inverter and a rectifier circuit using a modified LC filter bridge uncontrolled rectifier circuit in the S/SP compensation topology of FIG. 10.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides an improved method for an LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, which is based on a conventional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, and an auxiliary inductor L is connected in series to an input end of the conventional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuitAdObtaining an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit;
the auxiliary inductor LAdWhen the load resistance value is too small and the rectifying circuit works in an intermittent conduction mode, the input current cannot be suddenly changed, and a current conversion process exists; while the input voltage is made unequal to zero.
In fig. 1, an auxiliary inductor L with a small inductance value is connected in series with the input side of a conventional LC filter bridge rectifier circuitAd. Wherein u is1And i1Respectively, the input side voltage and the input side current of the rectifier bridge, D1-D4Is a diode, RLIs the equivalent resistance of the load, ULAnd ILThen the load output voltage and the load output current, LFAnd CFIs a filter inductor and a filter capacitor, IFIs a current through filter inductor LFThe current of (a); zreIs the input impedance of the rectifier bridge, i.e. the equivalent ac impedance of the load including the rectifier bridge.
The following is a modification of the method in conjunction with FIGS. 2 and 3And analyzing by a rear LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit. When the circuit enters the discontinuous conduction mode due to the small equivalent resistance of the load, the auxiliary inductor LAdThe improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit has six working modes in each working period:
mode I: forward commutation mode 1. The equivalent circuit and each voltage-current waveform of the mode are respectively shown as 0-t in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 31Shown, a current through diode D can be seen1And D4Gradually increases but flows through D2And D3But they are all larger than zero, so all diodes are conducting. When t is equal to t1When i isD1(iD4) Increase to steady-state current iLFAnd iD2(iD3) Reduced to zero and diode D1And D4Remains on and D2And D3And (5) shutting off and finishing the commutation process. It is to be noted that the input side current i1The positive and negative are important basis for distinguishing the commutation modes I and VI.
Mode II: the positive half cycle is conducted. The equivalent circuit of this mode is shown in fig. 2 (b). At t1-t2Therein, only a diode D1And D4Are turned on and the current flowing through them is the input side current i1At a value equal to the steady-state current iLF. This mode occupies the majority of the positive half cycle and continues until the input side voltage u1Zero crossing point of (c). When u is1If the current is less than zero, the circuit starts a commutation process and enters the next mode.
Mode III: forward commutation mode 2. The equivalent circuit of this mode is shown in fig. 2 (c). t is t2Time, input side current i1Initially decreases, flows through the diode D1And D4Is also reduced and flows through the diode D2And D3Starts increasing from zero. Thus, the four diodes all have current flowing through them and are all in a conducting state. When t is equal to t3When there is iD1＝iD2Namely, the input side current is just zero, and the commutation process is divided into two working modes of III and IV by taking the input side current as a boundary.
Mode IV: negative commutation pattern 1. The mode is continued by a mode III, and the mode III and the mode are combined to form a current slave diode D1And D4Transfer to D2And D3This commutation process. The analysis method of the mode is completely similar to the mode I.
Mode V: the negative half cycle is conducted. In this mode the circuit has completed commutation, diode D2And D3Is turned on and D1And D4Shutdown, analytical methods can refer to modality ii.
Mode VI: negative commutation pattern 2. The amplitude of the input current decreases from this mode, from which the circuit enters the commutation process. This modality will continue until i1From negative to positive, the circuit then returns to mode i, mode ii … … so as to cycle. The analysis method of the mode is similar to the mode III.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the auxiliary inductor LAdThe input current can not be suddenly changed, so that the circuit has a commutation process. In the process, all diodes are conducted, and the phenomenon of loss of the duty ratio of input current in the traditional rectifier bridge is eliminated; due to the auxiliary inductance LAdPresence of an input voltage u1Not equal to zero, the phase shift of the voltage lag is "compensated".
Further, the auxiliary inductor LAdThe values of (a) are obtained by simulation experiments.
By analyzing the working mode of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, the conclusion that the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit can keep the resistance of the input impedance is obtained theoretically. To obtain an auxiliary inductance LAdAppropriate value is taken, the validity of the proposed topology is verified, a system can be set up to carry out simulation experiment, and the auxiliary inductor L is obtainedAdAnd verifying the system performance.
For example, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, a constant voltage output inductive wireless power transfer (IPT) system formed based on an S/SP compensation topology of an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit is built on a simulation software PSIM, and as shown in fig. 4, all selected rectifier diodes are ideal diodes. See table 1 for simulation circuit parameters.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002939217540000051
FIGS. 5 and 6 are auxiliary inductors L in S/SP compensation topology circuit simulation, respectivelyAdAnd the change curves of the input impedance angle of the LC filter rectification circuit and the system output voltage along with the load resistance when the values are different. It can be known from fig. 5 that the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit can significantly reduce the fluctuation of the input impedance angle with the load change, and with LAdThe input impedance changes from capacitive to nearly resistive as the input impedance angle fluctuates with increasing inductance; it can be easily found from fig. 6 that the improved rectifying circuit reduces the fluctuation of the system output voltage with the load, and improves the constant voltage output characteristic of the system. Comprehensively considering input impedance angle characteristics and system output fluctuation, L in the inventionAdThe value may be 1.2 uH.
For example, as shown in fig. 7 to 9, in order to further prove that the performance of the improved rectifier circuit is improved, a constant current output inductive wireless power transfer (IPT) system formed based on an S/P compensation topology of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit is built on the simulation software PSIM, as shown in fig. 7. See table 2 for simulation circuit parameters.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002939217540000061
FIGS. 8 and 9 are auxiliary inductors L in S/P compensation topology circuit simulation, respectivelyAdAnd the change curves of the input impedance angle of the LC filter rectification circuit and the system output voltage along with the load resistance when the values are different. It can be known from fig. 8 that the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit can significantly reduce the fluctuation of the input impedance angle with the load change, and with LAdThe input impedance changes from capacitive to nearly resistive as the input impedance angle fluctuates with increasing inductance; it can be readily seen from FIG. 9 that the improved rectifier circuit reduces the system outputThe output current fluctuates along with the load, so that the constant current output characteristic of the system is improved. Comprehensively considering input impedance angle characteristics and system output fluctuation, L in the inventionAdThe value may be 7 uH.
Therefore, the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit is arranged at the auxiliary inductor LAdUnder the condition of proper value, the fluctuation of the input impedance angle of the rectifier bridge along with the change of the load can be effectively reduced, so that the equivalent impedance is always kept close to the resistance. Meanwhile, the output fluctuation of the system can be reduced, and the constant voltage or constant current output characteristic irrelevant to the system load is improved.
The specific embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 10 to fig. 15, the constant voltage output type S/SP compensation topology is a compensation topology commonly used in IPT systems, and has a constant output voltage independent of a load and a strong offset resistance. In order to verify the effectiveness of the improved rectifying circuit, an IPT system based on constant-voltage S/SP compensation is designed. The performance of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit is verified by comparing the performance of the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifier circuit system with the performance of the traditional LC filter bridge type rectifier system. The schematic diagram of the S/SP compensation topology circuit adopting the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit is shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 10 is the schematic diagram of the S/SP compensation topology circuit adopting the traditional rectifier. In the improved rectifier circuit, the selection of the auxiliary inductance value is obtained from the simulation result.
The design formula of S/SP compensation topology compensation parameters of constant voltage output is shown as (1), and the system parameters of the proposed improved rectifying circuit and the traditional rectifying bridge are shown as table 3. In order to ensure the realization of the zero-voltage switch ZVS, the parameters of a compensation circuit adopting a traditional rectifier and a compensation circuit adopting an improved rectifying circuit are slightly different, wherein the design value of the traditional rectifier needs to refer to the existing literature, and the complexity is high; the compensation parameters of the latter can be designed according to the formula (1), and the computation amount and the design flow are greatly simplified.
In the formula, LPAnd LSThe self-inductance of the primary coil and the secondary coil of the loosely coupled transformer are respectively.
Figure BDA0002939217540000071
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0002939217540000072
Fig. 11 to 15 are experimental results comparing the input impedance angle, the system efficiency, the system output and the waveform distortion degree of the improved LC filter rectifying circuit with the conventional rectifying bridge, respectively. The system efficiency is the overall efficiency from the direct current input side to the direct current output side, and includes the loss of the inverter and the loss of the rectifier bridge, so whether the soft switch is realized plays a crucial role in the efficiency, and the size of the input impedance angle has a great influence. The improved rectifying circuit makes the equivalent alternating-current impedance of the load weak, is very favorable for realizing soft switching, and hardly increases the transmission of reactive energy.
By observing fig. 11 to fig. 15, it can be easily found that the improved LC filter bridge rectifier circuit can effectively increase the impedance angle of the rectifier bridge, change the capacitive impedance of the conventional rectifier bridge under operation into the impedance approaching resistance, and maintain the impedance transformation characteristic of the rectifier bridge under the continuous operation mode; the system efficiency is improved by 0.5% under the condition of light load and 1.05% under the condition of heavy load; the fluctuation of the output voltage of the system along with the change of the load is reduced, and the fluctuation amount 5.392V of the output voltage under the traditional rectifier bridge is reduced to 4.891V.
In conclusion, the improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit obtained by the method has ideal input impedance property. Compared with the traditional LC filter bridge rectifier circuit, the improved rectifier circuit has the advantages that the input impedance angle is obviously increased in an intermittent mode, and the equivalent impedance can be always kept close to the resistance; the transmission efficiency of the system is improved, the constant output capacity of the system irrelevant to the load is enhanced, the distortion of the input voltage and the input current of the rectifying circuit is eliminated, and the performances of the system in all aspects are improved. The invention has the advantages of almost no extra cost, simple realization, stable and reliable performance and wide application prospect in the field of power electronic converters.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims (4)

1. An improved method of LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit is based on traditional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, and is characterized in that an auxiliary inductor L is connected in series with one input end of the traditional LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuitAdObtaining an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit;
the auxiliary inductor LAdWhen the load resistance value is too small and the rectifying circuit works in an intermittent conduction mode, the input current cannot be suddenly changed, and a current conversion process exists; while the input voltage is made unequal to zero.
2. The improved LC filter bridge uncontrolled rectifying circuit of claim 1,
the auxiliary inductor LAdThe values of (a) are obtained by simulation experiments.
3. The improved LC filter bridge uncontrolled rectifying circuit of claim 1,
in a constant-voltage output induction type wireless power transmission system formed based on S/SP compensation topology of an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, an auxiliary inductor LAdThe value was 1.2 uH.
4. The improved LC filter bridge uncontrolled rectifying circuit of claim 1,
in a constant-current output induction type wireless power transmission system formed based on S/P compensation topology of an improved LC filter bridge type uncontrolled rectifying circuit, an auxiliary inductor LAdThe value was 7 uH.
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JP2018093692A (en) * 2016-12-07 2018-06-14 Tdk株式会社 Wireless power reception device and wireless power transmission device using the same, and rectifier
CN109525111A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-03-26 国网浙江省电力有限公司台州供电公司 Impedance matching methods based on circuit switch frequency
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