CN112993589A - Reconfigurable lens antenna assembly and communication equipment - Google Patents
Reconfigurable lens antenna assembly and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112993589A CN112993589A CN202110422016.1A CN202110422016A CN112993589A CN 112993589 A CN112993589 A CN 112993589A CN 202110422016 A CN202110422016 A CN 202110422016A CN 112993589 A CN112993589 A CN 112993589A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
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Abstract
The invention provides a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly and communication equipment, and relates to the technical field of antennas, wherein the reconfigurable lens antenna assembly comprises a reconfigurable lens array surface and an antenna array surface; the reconfigurable lens array surface and the antenna array surface are arranged in parallel, and the normal center line of the reconfigurable lens array surface is superposed with the normal center line of the antenna array surface; the reconfigurable lens array surface comprises a plurality of reconfigurable lens units, the phase of each reconfigurable lens unit is adjustable, and the plurality of reconfigurable lens units are arranged in a rectangular array; the reconfigurable lens array plane is used for adjusting the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit according to the scanning azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle, focusing beams, improving the wide-angle scanning performance of the array plane antenna and improving the gain of the antenna array plane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly and communication equipment.
Background
The phased array system can generate a beam with extremely narrow width and very high gain by performing power synthesis superposition in any specified direction, and the pointing direction and the shape of the beam can be changed rapidly through electric scanning, so that the phased array system can play a great role in various application scenes such as measurement and control systems, satellite communication and the like. In practical application, how to realize high-gain scanning in a sufficiently large space, namely wide-angle scanning, is also a great problem in phased array design, and in addition, the extremely high power of a phased array system is at the expense of large-scale array surface size and high chip power consumption, which limits the application of the phased array antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reconfigurable lens antenna component and a communication device, which are used for solving the problems of high scanning power consumption, poor scanning performance and the like of the conventional antenna.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly, which includes a reconfigurable lens array plane and an antenna array plane;
the reconfigurable lens array surface is arranged in parallel with the antenna array surface, and the normal center line of the reconfigurable lens array surface is superposed with the normal center line of the antenna array surface;
the reconfigurable lens array surface comprises a plurality of reconfigurable lens units, the phase of each reconfigurable lens unit is adjustable, and the reconfigurable lens units are arranged in a rectangular array;
the antenna array surface is used for enabling an antenna scanning channel corresponding to a scanning azimuth angle to start operation according to the set scanning azimuth angle;
the reconfigurable lens array surface is used for adjusting the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit according to the scanning azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle so as to enable the reconfigurable lens array surface to improve the gain of the antenna array surface.
In an alternative embodiment, any one of the central positions in the reconfigurable lens array is located at (a)x0,y0) The phase compensation value of the reconfigurable lens unit satisfies the following equation:
Φ=-2π×L/λ×[(1-cosb)/cosb]±2nπ；nis a natural number, and is provided with a plurality of groups,wherein, L = F/cos (a); b = tan -1 (| y0|/L)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Φfor the phase compensation value (a)x0，y0，z0) For the reconfigurable lens unit to be set up with the center point of the antenna array as the origin (x，y，z) Coordinates in a coordinate system, wherein the coordinate vectorxFor operation of the antenna arrayphiDirection, coordinate vectoryIs vertical tophiIn the direction of (a) of (b),afor the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array,λis a wavelength in the air and is,Fbeing the height between the antenna array and the reconfigurable lens array,z0value of andFare equal.
In an alternative embodiment, the reconfigurable lens unit comprises a yersinia cold cross unit comprising orthogonal cross unit metal sheets, and a plurality of switching tubes;
the top end of each cross unit extends to two sides to form a branch, each branch is provided with at least one switching tube, and the switching tubes are used for controlling the effective conduction length of the branch;
when the on-off state of the switching tube is changed, the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit is changed.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of switching tubes provided on each limb of the reconfigurable lens unit is the same.
In an alternative embodiment, the reconfigurable lens antenna assembly includes a controller electrically connected to the switching tube;
the controller is used for adjusting the switching state of the switching tube according to a preset phase compensation topology so as to adjust the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit, wherein the phase compensation topology stores the corresponding relation between the switching state of the diode and the phase compensation value of the reconfigurable lens unit.
In an alternative embodiment, the reconfigurable lens array is disposed on a side of the antenna array that receives the signal, and the reconfigurable lens array has a size that is larger than a size of the antenna array.
In an alternative embodiment, the size of the reconfigurable lens front satisfies:
L1≥L2+2×F×tan(a)；
whereinL1 is the length of the long side of the reconfigurable lens array,L2 is the length of the long side of the antenna array,Ffor the height between the reconfigurable lens array and the antenna array,ais the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array.
In an alternative embodiment, the antenna array is a two-dimensional phased array antenna.
In an alternative embodiment, the switching tube includes a diode.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a communication device comprising a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly as described in any one of the preceding embodiments.
Compared with the prior art, the reconfigurable lens antenna assembly and the communication equipment provided by the application comprise a reconfigurable lens array surface and an antenna array surface; the reconfigurable lens array surface and the antenna array surface are arranged in parallel, and the normal center line of the reconfigurable lens array surface is superposed with the normal center line of the antenna array surface; the reconfigurable lens array surface comprises a plurality of reconfigurable lens units, the phase of each reconfigurable lens unit is adjustable, and the plurality of reconfigurable lens units are arranged in a rectangular array; the reconfigurable lens array plane is used for adjusting the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit according to the scanning azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle, focusing beams, improving the wide-angle scanning performance of the array plane antenna and improving the gain of the antenna array plane.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reconfigurable lens assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reconfigurable lens array provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reconfigurable lens unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reconfigurable lens assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application in operation;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the scanning path during operation of the antenna array;
fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of phase compensation when the reconfigurable lens array is in operation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The phased array system can generate a beam with extremely narrow width and very high gain by performing power synthesis superposition in any specified direction, and the pointing direction and the shape of the beam can be changed rapidly through electric scanning, so that the phased array system can play a great role in various application scenes such as measurement and control systems, satellite communication and the like.
In practical application, how to realize high-gain scanning in a sufficiently large space, namely wide-angle scanning, is also a great problem in phased array design, and in addition, the extremely high power of a phased array system is at the expense of large-scale array surface size and high chip power consumption, which limits the application of the phased array antenna.
There are many proposals to increase the large-angle scanning gain of the front surface, and from the viewpoint of reducing the loss, the antenna often adopts a dielectric plate with low relative dielectric constant, even an air dielectric, for example, a metal cavity antenna as a radiation patch carrier, however, this method can lead to the antenna profile being increased sharplyAnd when the array surface scale is large, the effect of improving the large-angle gain is limited; tight coupling is also a common mode for increasing the wide-angle scanning performance and is applied to a low-frequency band, but due to the fact that antenna units are closely arranged, active standing waves of a front surface are worsened, a wide-angle matching layer needs to be additionally designed, and meanwhile, the tight coupling is rarely researched in a high-frequency band; or using metamaterial units, e.g. electromagnetic band gap (ElectromagneticBandGap，EBG) Structure, also potential for wide angle scanning, but currentlyEBGThe structure is difficult to be used for two-dimensional scanning, and when the structure is used for one-dimensional scanning, the effect is greatly reduced when the array surface scale is enlarged, andEBGthe addition of the structure is liable to have an adverse effect on the antenna itself.
In order to improve the gain of the antenna, reduce the power consumption of the antenna and improve the two-dimensional scanning performance of the antenna, the application provides a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly, and various performances of the antenna are improved by utilizing a reconfigurable lens. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly that this application embodiment provided includes: a reconfigurable lens array surface and an antenna array surface; the reconfigurable lens array surface is arranged in parallel with the antenna array surface, the reconfigurable lens array surface is arranged on one side of the antenna array surface for receiving signals, and the normal center line of the reconfigurable lens array surface is superposed with the normal center line of the antenna array surface, namely the reconfigurable lens array surface and the antenna array surface keep the centers aligned.
The antenna array surface comprises a plurality of scanning channels, and the antenna array surface is used for enabling the antenna scanning channels corresponding to the scanning azimuth angle to start to operate according to the set scanning azimuth angle.
The reconfigurable lens array surface comprises a plurality of reconfigurable lens units, the phase of each reconfigurable lens unit is adjustable, and the reconfigurable lens units are arranged in a rectangular array. The reconfigurable lens array surface is used for adjusting the phase of each reconfigurable lens unit according to the scanning azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array surface, forming phase compensation in the scanning direction of the antenna array surface, focusing beams and improving the gain of the antenna array surface.
In a possible implementation manner, the antenna array may include a two-dimensional antenna array, the form of the two-dimensional antenna array is not limited, and the scale is also not limited, and the larger the scale of the antenna array is, the better the scanning effect is. For example, in a possible implementation, a two-dimensional phased array antenna may be used as the antenna array, and in a practical application process, only one row of scanning channels is excited at a time, and which row is specifically excited is determined by the scanning azimuth angle. The working mode is equivalent to the function of mechanical scanning realized by adopting electric control, but the realization speed is faster than that of mechanical scanning, and the power consumption is lower. As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a 17 × 17 two-dimensional antenna array.
The reconfigurable lens array surface is rectangular arrayed based on a plurality of reconfigurable lens units. As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a schematic diagram of a reconfigurable lens array, where the scale or size of the reconfigurable lens array is determined by the scale of the antenna array and the height between the reconfigurable lens array and the antenna array, and the principle is to ensure that the beam when the antenna scans to a large angle is still within the size range of the lens, and understandably, the size of the reconfigurable lens array is larger than the size of the antenna array, and in a possible implementation, the size of the reconfigurable lens array satisfies the following requirements:
L1≥L2+2×F×tan(a)；
whereinL1In order to be able to reconstruct the length of the long side of the lens array,L2is the length of the long side of the antenna array,Fto reconstruct the height (or distance) between the lens front and the antenna front,ais the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array.
The phase of the reconfigurable lens unit can be adjusted, and in some possible implementation manners, the phase is adjusted by adjusting the metal length of the reconfigurable lens unit. For example, referring to fig. 4, the reconfigurable lens unit includes a dielectric layer and a metal layer. The metal layer is etched on the dielectric layer and consists of four branches extending from the top ends of the four orthogonal Yelu cold cross units and the four cross units. The thickness of the dielectric layer and the length of the cross unit control the frequency of the whole reconfigurable lens unit, and the lengths of the four branches control the phase of the whole reconfigurable lens unit. Based on the reconfigurable technology, a plurality of switching tubes are introduced to the yarrow cooling cross unit, and the number of the switching tubes arranged on each branch is the same. The reconfigurable lens unit is connected to a controller through an external bias line, and the switching tube is controlled to be switched on and off, so that the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit is changed.
For example, each branch is provided with 4 switching tubes which are respectively arranged at two sides of the top end corresponding to the branch, the 4 switching tubes divide the branch into a middle part connected with the top end of the cross unit and side parts respectively positioned at two sides, when the switching tubes are conducted, metal sheets at the side parts are conducted with metal sheets at the middle part, the effective length of the branch is changed, and the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit is changed accordingly.
When the switch of the switch tube is completely switched off, the reconfigurable lens unit is equivalent to only accessing the shortest branch length, the phase introduced by the reconfigurable lens unit at the moment is minimum, and with the switching-on of the switch tube, the longer and longer branches are accessed, and the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit is changed, so that the purpose of phase controllability is achieved.
In a possible implementation manner, the number of the switching tubes also affects the accuracy of the phase adjustment, and the more the number of the switching tubes, the smaller the phase step is, and the less the adverse effect on the beam pointing is.
As disclosed above, the reconfigurable lens antenna assembly includes a controller (not shown), each of the switching tubes is connected to the controller, for example, the switching tubes are connected to the controller through external bias lines, and the controller is configured to control the conduction states of the switching tubes, so as to adjust the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit. In a possible implementation manner, the controller is configured to adjust a switching state of the switching tube according to a preset phase compensation topology to adjust a phase of the reconfigurable lens unit, where the phase compensation topology stores a corresponding relationship between a switching state of the diode and a phase compensation value of the reconfigurable lens unit. For ease of understanding, several different switching numbers and phase compensation topologies corresponding to the switching states are shown in table 1. Assuming that the number of switches isNThe switch numbers are numbered from inside to outside as 1, 2, …NSwitch state 1 indicates on and 0 indicates off.
TABLE 1
By controlling the conducting state of the switch tube in each reconfigurable lens unit, the phase adjustment of the reconfigurable lens unit can be realized, the corresponding scanning channel of the antenna array surface is compensated, and the gain of the antenna array surface is improved.
The switch tube may include a diode, a triode, or other switching devices with the same or similar functions, and in order to reduce cost, in a possible implementation manner, the diode is preferably used as the switch tube to implement phase adjustment on the reconfigurable lens unit.
In practical application, the size of the reconfigurable lens array is determined by the size of the antenna array and the height of the reconfigurable lens array, and the principle is to ensure that the beam when the antenna scans to a large angle is still within the range of the reconfigurable lens array. Generally, the height from the bottom surface of the reconfigurable lens array surface to the top surface of the antenna array surface can be close to 0, but the lens can generate a certain reflection effect on the array surface at the moment, and the unit pattern of the antenna array surface is not completely synthesized when the lens is too close, so that the phase compensation error is large, and the lens size is too large when the height is too large, so that the height from the reconfigurable lens array surface to the antenna array surface can be set according to requirements.
In the actual working process, the relative relationship between the antenna array and the reconfigurable lens array is as shown in fig. 1, and the center of the antenna array is used as the origin of coordinates to construct (x，y，z) A coordinate system, the position of each reconfigurable lens unit can be represented by: (x0, y0,z0) To express (z0The coordinate is the height between the antenna array plane and the reconfigurable lens array planeFIs constant), any one of the center positions is located at (a), (b), (c), (d), (x0,y0,z0) The phase compensation value of the reconfigurable lens unit satisfies the following equation:
Φ=-2π×L/λ×[(1-cosb)/cosb]±2nπ；nis a natural number, and is provided with a plurality of groups,wherein, L = F/cos (a); b = tan -1 (| y0|/L)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Φfor phase compensation values of the reconfigurable lens cell(s) ((x0，y0,z0) For the reconfigurable lens unit to be set up with the center point of the antenna array as the origin (x，y，z) Coordinates in a coordinate system, wherein the coordinate vectorxFor operation of the antenna arrayphiDirection, coordinate vectoryIs vertical tophiIn the direction of (a) of (b),afor the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array,λis a wavelength in the air and is,Fbeing the height between the antenna array and the reconfigurable lens array,z0is equal toF。
In a possible implementation, the controller operates according to the antenna arrayphiAnd determining a phase compensation value required to be introduced into each reconfigurable lens unit according to the direction and the scanning pitch angle, then controlling the conduction state of the corresponding switching tube, and adjusting the phase of each reconfigurable lens unit so as to enable the reconfigurable lens array to improve the gain of the antenna array.
The working principle of the reconfigurable lens antenna assembly provided by the present embodiment is described below. Firstly, the scanning azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array surface are setaThe scanning channel on the plane of the azimuth angle in the antenna array plane is excited to work, and other scanning channels do not work, and taking the antenna array plane as a two-dimensional phased array antenna as an example, the step is mainly realized by a phased array wave control system.
The controller calculates the phase required to be introduced by each lens according to the azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array surface, and performance effects with different requirements have different introduction modes, namely: the wide-angle scanning performance of the antenna array surface is improved. When the azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle are fixed, the reconfigurable lens units in the same direction as the scanning azimuth plane of the antenna array surface keep the same phase, and the lens unit group vertical to the scanning azimuth plane of the antenna array surface is designed with different phases.
The whole structure schematic diagram in operation is shown in fig. 5. Establishing a coordinate system by the center point of the antenna array surface (x，y，z) Coordinate vectorxFor operation of the antenna arrayphiDirection, i.e. direction of scanning azimuth, coordinate vectoryIs vertical tophiIn the direction of (a) of (b),zaxial direction requirement andx，ythe direction satisfies the right-hand theorem. Defining a scan pitch angle ofzThe angle at which the axis points to the horizontal.
Operating due to the antenna arrayphiIn the direction ofxDirection, then reconfigurable lens array needs to be atyDirectionally compensating for the phase differencexThe direction remains unchanged. As shown in the attached figure 5 of the drawings,ain order to scan the pitch angle,bthe reconfigurable lens array surface is equivalent to the offset angle of the antenna array surface; for any central position in the coordinate system is located in (x0,y0,z0) The phase compensation value of the reconfigurable lens unit satisfies:
Φ=-2π×L/λ×[(1-cosb)/cosb]±2nπ；nis a natural number, and is provided with a plurality of groups,wherein, L = F/cos (a); b = tan -1 (| y0|/L)；
ΦFor the phase compensation value (a)x0，y0,z0) For the reconfigurable lens unit to be set up with the center point of the antenna array as the origin (x，y，z) Coordinates in a coordinate system, wherein the coordinate vectorxFor operation of the antenna arrayphiDirection, coordinate vectoryIs vertical tophiIn the direction of (a) of (b),afor the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array,λis a wavelength in the air and is,Fbeing the height between the antenna array and the reconfigurable lens array,z0is equal toF. As can be seen from the above formula, when the working frequency is fixed, the size and position of each lens unit are basically fixed, and the required scanning angle isaWhile fixed, the compensation phase of each lens unit only works with the antenna arrayphiPosition coordinates in a direction perpendicular to the direction (i.e. relative to the direction of the axis of rotation)yCoordinates). The phase compensation designed at this time aims at optimizing the performance of a large scanning angle, and does not compensate the normal phase. This has the advantage that when the azimuth angle is fixed, the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit is fixed and does not change with changes in the scanning pitch angle, reducing the complexity of the control.
Second, in order to increase the gain of any scanning pitch angle, the reconfigurable lens unit on the same plane as the azimuth plane maintains the same phase while the azimuth angle is fixed, and the reconfigurable lens unit perpendicular to the azimuth plane maintains the same phase, which is more complicated than the above case, in order to increase the gain of any scanning pitch angleThe unit is designed with different phases, the phase compensation formula is consistent with the previous situation, but the phase compensation formula is changed along with the scanning pitch angle of the array surface, and the phase adjusted each time is required to be equal to the scanning pitch angleaAnd (4) correlating. That is, when the azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle are fixed at the same time, the phase of the lens unit can be fixed, and the requirement on control is higher and more complicated.
Taking the two-dimensional array of fig. 2 as an example for explanation, on the basis of fig. 2 and referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a scanning channel which needs to be operated when the 17 × 17 two-dimensional array arranged in a rectangle is at an azimuth plane of 90 °, when in operation, givenphi=90 °. And exciting the channel working in the plane with the scanning azimuth angle of 90 degrees. The azimuth plane is the direction indicated by the arrow, the antenna covered by the arrow is excited, and the antenna uncovered by the arrow is not excited. Correspondingly, referring to fig. 7 in conjunction with fig. 3, fig. 7 shows the operation state of the reconfigurable lens array when the antenna operation azimuth plane is 90 °, the reconfigurable lens array, and allphi=90The reconfigurable lens unit in the DEG direction maintains the same switching state, and the vertical plane isphi=0The reconfigurable lens unit of the degree direction compensates the phase, therebyphi=0The reconfigurable lens unit has different switching states of switching tubes in the direction of degree.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device including a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly as provided in the above embodiments. It should be noted that, the technical effect of the communication device provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the reconfigurable antenna assembly in the above embodiments according to the technical principle, and for brief description, the present embodiment is not described in detail, and please refer to relevant contents in the foregoing embodiments without detailed description.
To sum up, the embodiment of the invention provides a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly and communication equipment, which comprise a reconfigurable lens array surface and an antenna array surface; the reconfigurable lens array surface and the antenna array surface are arranged in parallel, and the normal center line of the reconfigurable lens array surface is superposed with the normal center line of the antenna array surface; the reconfigurable lens array surface comprises a plurality of reconfigurable lens units, the phase of each reconfigurable lens unit is adjustable, and the plurality of reconfigurable lens units are arranged in a rectangular array; the reconfigurable lens array plane is used for adjusting the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit according to the scanning azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle, so that the wide-angle scanning performance of the array plane antenna can be improved, and the gain of the antenna array plane can be improved.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly is characterized by comprising a reconfigurable lens array surface and an antenna array surface;
the reconfigurable lens array surface is arranged in parallel with the antenna array surface, and the normal center line of the reconfigurable lens array surface is superposed with the normal center line of the antenna array surface;
the reconfigurable lens array surface comprises a plurality of reconfigurable lens units, the phase of each reconfigurable lens unit is adjustable, and the reconfigurable lens units are arranged in a rectangular array;
the antenna array surface is used for enabling an antenna scanning channel corresponding to a scanning azimuth angle to start operation according to the set scanning azimuth angle;
the reconfigurable lens array surface is used for adjusting the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit according to the scanning azimuth angle and the scanning pitch angle so as to enable the reconfigurable lens array surface to improve the gain of the antenna array surface.
2. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein any one of the center positions in the reconfigurable lens array is located in (a)x0,y0，z0) Satisfies the following phase compensation values of the reconfigurable lens unitThe formula is as follows:
Φ=-2π×L/λ×[(1-cosb)/cosb]±2nπ；nis a natural number, and is provided with a plurality of groups,wherein, L = F/cos (a); b = tan -1 (|y0|/ L)；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Φfor the phase compensation value (a)x0，y0，z0) For the reconfigurable lens unit to be set up with the center point of the antenna array as the origin (x，y，z) Coordinates in a coordinate system, wherein the coordinate vectorxFor operation of the antenna arrayphiThe direction of the light beam is changed,phifor scanning azimuth, coordinate vectoryIs vertical tophiIn the direction of (a) of (b),afor the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array,λis a wavelength in the air and is,Fbeing the height between the antenna array and the reconfigurable lens array,z0value of andFare equal.
3. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein the reconfigurable lens unit comprises a yersinia cooling cross unit comprising orthogonal cross unit metal sheets, and a plurality of switching tubes;
the top end of each cross unit extends to two sides to form a branch, each branch is provided with at least one switching tube, and the switching tubes are used for controlling the effective conduction length of the branch;
when the on-off state of the switching tube is changed, the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit is changed.
4. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the number of switching tubes provided on each stub of the reconfigurable lens unit is the same.
5. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly of claim 3, comprising a controller electrically connected to the switching tube;
the controller is used for adjusting the switching state of the switching tube according to a preset phase compensation topology so as to adjust the phase of the reconfigurable lens unit, wherein the phase compensation topology stores the corresponding relation between the switching state of the diode and the phase compensation value of the reconfigurable lens unit.
6. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the reconfigurable lens array is disposed on a side of the antenna array that receives the signal, the reconfigurable lens array having a size that is larger than a size of the antenna array.
7. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly of claim 6, wherein the reconfigurable lens wavefront size satisfies:
L1≥L2+2×F×tan(a)；
whereinL1For the length of the long side of the reconfigurable lens array,L2being the length of the long side of the antenna array,Ffor the height between the reconfigurable lens array and the antenna array,ais the scanning pitch angle of the antenna array.
8. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the antenna array is a two-dimensional phased array antenna.
9. The reconfigurable lens antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the switching tube includes a diode.
10. A communication device comprising a reconfigurable lens antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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