CN112992025A - Four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses and color management method thereof - Google Patents
Four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses and color management method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, which comprise a micro-projection optical machine, a diffraction optical waveguide, a light source, a beam splitter prism, a calculation storage control circuit and a communication module, wherein the micro-projection optical machine is connected with the light source; the communication module is used for receiving an image signal source signal sent by external equipment, acquiring an original RGB value from the image signal source signal and outputting the original RGB value to the calculation storage control circuit; the calculation storage control circuit is used for calculating pixel reflectivity values of the red, green, blue and yellow channels by carrying out a four-primary-color management method on the original RGB values, generating red, green, blue and yellow driving signals according to the pixel reflectivity values and outputting the red, green, blue and yellow driving signals to the micro-projection light machine; light emitted by the light source is reflected to the micro projection light machine through the beam splitter prism; the micro-projector reflects red, yellow, blue and green light signals according to the red, green, blue and yellow driving signals and emits the red, yellow, blue and green light signals to human eyes through the diffraction light waveguide. The invention also discloses a four-primary color management method, which is used for realizing the wide color gamut of the four-primary color AR glasses, accurately reducing the color information and improving the display effect of the AR glasses.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of AR glasses, in particular to four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses and a color management method thereof.
Background
The existing AR virtual glasses technology is basically a three-primary-color system, the color reducibility is still unable to compare with the existing OLED and liquid crystal display, the OLED can achieve more than 130% of the NTSC color gamut area, the AR glasses color gamut does not exceed 100% of the NTSC color gamut, even cannot cover the color range of the sRGB standard, cannot express rich colors on the color display effect, and affects the watching effect and market popularity of the AR glasses. Therefore, the AR glasses can add the yellow primary color on the basis of the red, green and blue primary colors, the color gamut area of the AR glasses is further improved, and the color display performance is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses and a color management method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the invention provides four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, which comprise a micro-projection optical machine, a diffraction optical waveguide, a light source, a beam splitter prism, a calculation storage control circuit and a communication module; wherein,
the communication module is used for receiving an image signal source signal sent by external equipment, acquiring an original RGB value from the image signal source signal and outputting the original RGB value to the calculation storage control circuit;
the calculation storage control circuit is used for calculating pixel reflectivity values of the red, green, blue and yellow channels by carrying out a four-primary-color management method on the original RGB values, generating red, green, blue and yellow driving signals according to the pixel reflectivity values and outputting the red, green, blue and yellow driving signals to the micro-projection light machine;
the light source is used for emitting light and reflecting the light to the micro projection light machine through the beam splitter prism;
and the micro-projection optical machine is used for reflecting red, yellow and blue-green light signals according to the red, green, blue and yellow driving signals and emitting the red, yellow, blue and green light signals to human eyes through the diffraction light waveguide.
As a further optimization scheme of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, the micro-projector is LCOS, MEMS, OLED or MCROLED.
As a further optimization scheme of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, the diffraction light waveguide comprises one or two layers of waveguide substrates, an incoupling grating, a relay grating and an outcoupling grating, the incoupling grating is arranged at a light inlet of the waveguide substrates, the relay grating is arranged between the incoupling grating and the outcoupling grating, and the outcoupling grating is arranged at a light outlet of the waveguide substrates.
As a further optimization scheme of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, the waveguide substrate is made of glass and is uniform in thickness, and the refractive index n of the waveguide substrate is larger than 1.7.
As a further optimization scheme of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, one surface of the waveguide substrate, which is used for emitting light, is plated with an optical film.
As a further optimization scheme of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, the coupling-in grating, the relay grating and the coupling-out grating respectively comprise a plurality of diffraction microstructures for diffracting image light, the diffraction microstructures are wedge-shaped, sawtooth-shaped, step-shaped, polygonal structures, character towers and cones, and the sizes of the diffraction microstructures are 1nm to 100 nm.
As a further optimization scheme of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, the plurality of diffraction microstructures are distributed in the direction from the coupling-in grating to the coupling-out grating to form a plurality of partitions, the shape and the size of the diffraction microstructures in each partition are the same, and the distribution density of the diffraction microstructures of the coupling-in grating, the relay grating and the coupling-out grating between the adjacent partitions is gradually changed.
Based on the color management method of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, the four-primary-color management method specifically comprises the following steps:
the reflectivities of the red, green, blue and yellow pixels are calculated from the original RGB values and the prestored system conversion matrix N according to the following formula
Wherein
As a further optimization scheme of the color management method of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses,
As a further optimization scheme of the color management method of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses, before calculating the corresponding red, green, blue, and yellow pixel reflectivity according to the RGB values and a pre-stored system conversion matrix according to a formula, the method further includes:
and respectively measuring a red light spectrum curve IR (lambda), a green light spectrum curve IG (lambda), a blue light spectrum curve IB (lambda) and a yellow light spectrum curve IY (lambda) of the micro-projection light machine by using a colorimeter, and determining a system conversion matrix according to the red, green, blue and yellow light spectrum curves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
the invention realizes the wide color gamut of the four-primary-color AR glasses, accurately reduces the color information and effectively improves the display effect of the AR glasses.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a structure of a diffractive light waveguide.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses and a color management method thereof.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the AR glasses include a micro projector 1, i.e., an LCOS device, a diffraction light waveguide 2 for transferring image light, a red-yellow-blue-green four-primary-color laser light source 3, and a beam splitter prism 4. The diffractive optical waveguide 2 has a waveguide substrate 21 for transferring an image, and the waveguide substrate has a grating group for emitting image light including, an incoupling grating 22, a relay grating 23, an outcoupling grating 24, the incoupling grating 22 is arranged at the light inlet of the waveguide substrate, the relay grating 23 is arranged between the incoupling grating and the outcoupling grating, the coupling grating 24 is arranged at the light exit of the waveguide substrate 21, the gratings 22, 23, 24 are provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped microstructures for diffracting image light, the size of the microstructure is 1nm to 100nm, the plurality of diffraction microstructures are distributed in the direction from the coupling-in grating, the relay grating to the coupling-out grating to form a plurality of subareas, the distribution density of the gratings (the distance and the size of the gratings) between the adjacent subareas is gradually increased and is distributed in an axisymmetric manner, and the microstructures in the same subarea have the same shape and size. The AR glasses receive an image signal source signal from external communication equipment, obtain an original RGB value, input the RGB value into a digital color management chip in a calculation storage control circuit, and obtain RGBY image signals, namely pixel signals of four primary colors red, green, blue and yellow through calculation processing of a color management algorithm, and then output the RGBY image signals to a control micro-projection optical machine LCOS so as to control the chromaticity and brightness of reflected light of the four primary colors RGBY pixels of the micro-projection optical machine. Light rays of the red, yellow, blue, green and four primary color laser light source 3 are reflected to the micro-projector LCOS1 through the beam splitter prism 4, and image signals, namely red, yellow, blue, green and light signals, output by reflection of the micro-projector 1 are guided into the waveguide substrate 21. The waveguide substrate is made of glass and is uniform in thickness, and the refractive index n of the waveguide substrate is larger than 1.7. The light of the RGBY pixel of the image signal enters the incoupling grating 22 from the light inlet of the waveguide substrate, passes through the relay grating 23, and finally exits through the outcoupling grating 24 to enter human eyes. Because the red, green, blue and yellow light can generate color crosstalk phenomenon due to different vibration frequencies when the guided wave substrate is emitted, color compensation matrix calculation can be carried out at the pixel position where the color crosstalk occurs through a color management algorithm.
The external device is a wireless communication base station.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a color management algorithm integrated in four-primary-color AR glasses according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which includes specific steps
AR glasses obtaining RGB value of original image from image signal source received by external communication equipment
2. According to RGB value
And a pre-stored 4-by-3 system conversion matrix N calculates the corresponding red, green, blue and yellow pixel reflectivity according to a formula (1)
Wherein, the system conversion matrix 4 x3 matrix
For LCOS red, green, blue and yellow pixel reflectivity and target systemRGB value
A transition matrix between. Wherein the system conversion matrix
Each matrix point element a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10, a12 in (a) is a set constant, and may be set in advance based on an empirical value or a calculated value;
3. control signals for controlling light rays emitted by red, green, blue and yellow pixels of LCOS (liquid Crystal on silicon) of the micro-projector can be respectively generated according to the calculated reflectivity of the red, green, blue and yellow pixels, so-called driving signal voltages corresponding to the pixels are electric field voltages applied to two ends of the pixels and correspond to gray scales displayed by the controllable pixels. The control signal of the brightness of the light source corresponding to the pixel is used for controlling the brightness of the output signal of the four primary color pixels of the micro-projector, and can be the brightness signal of the red, green, blue and yellow pixels. For the four-primary-color micro-projection optical machine LCOS, the control signal RGB of the external equipment is input into the calculation storage circuit of the four-primary-color micro-projection optical machine, and the digital color management chip of the calculation storage circuit provides the driving signal to the data driving circuit of the four-primary-color micro-projection optical machine LCOS through algorithm calculation. The data driving circuit provides the driving voltage of the corresponding pixel to the pixel, thereby controlling the reflectivity of the pixel, and enabling the red, green, blue and yellow sub-pixels of the LCOS to change the reflectivity in real time according to the control signal, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately reproducing the color information.
For a four-primary-color OLED or MCROLED micro-projection optical machine, control signals RGB of the external equipment are input into a calculation storage circuit of the four-primary-color micro-projection optical machine, a digital color management chip of the calculation storage circuit provides certain PWM signals to the four-primary-color micro-projection optical machine through algorithm calculation, so that the brightness of four primary-color red, green, blue and yellow pixels of the OLED or the MCROLED is controlled, the transmittance of the red, green, blue and yellow pixels is changed in real time according to the control signals, and the purpose of accurately reproducing color information is achieved.
Example two
In order to determine the system transformation matrix, the method may further include the following steps:
step 1, a colorimeter is adopted to respectively measure a red spectrum curve IR (lambda), a green spectrum curve IG (lambda), a blue spectrum curve IB (lambda) and a yellow spectrum curve IY (lambda) of a display device,
specifically, the RGBY gray scale matrix of the display device is adjusted to be
The gl is the maximum gray scale, if the display is 8-order, the gl is 255, then the spectrum curves of all colors are respectively measured by a colorimeter, and the spectrum curves can be obtained by performing spectrum tests at intervals of 5nm or 10nm from 380nm to 780 nm.
And 2, determining a system conversion matrix according to the red light spectrum curve IR (lambda), the green light spectrum curve IG (lambda), the blue light spectrum curve IB (lambda) and the yellow light spectrum curve IY (lambda).
The specific determination method in step 2 is as follows, the reflectivity Lr of the red pixel of the display device is equal to the ratio of the actual reflection brightness of the red pixel to the reflection brightness of the red pixel at the maximum gray level; the green pixel reflectivity Lg is equal to the ratio of the actual reflection brightness of the green pixel to the reflection brightness of the green pixel when the gray scale is at the maximum value; the blue pixel reflectivity Lb is equal to the ratio of the actual reflection brightness of the blue pixel to the reflection brightness of the blue pixel at the time of the maximum gray level; the yellow pixel reflectivity Ly is equal to the ratio of the actual reflection brightness of the yellow pixel to the reflection brightness of the yellow pixel when the gray scale is at the maximum value;
the formula for calculating tristimulus values for the target system, i.e., the CIE-XYZ system, is as follows:
wherein XYZ chart represents tristimulus values, k 683lm/w, λ represents wavelength,
is a spectrum of the light source,
is the set standard observer curve.
Due to the fact that
Will be provided with
The sum is substituted into the formula (4), and converted into a matrix form, satisfying the following formula (5)
And the values of the coefficients Mr, Mg, Mb, My, Nr, Ng, Nb, Ny, Or, Og, Ob and Oy in the matrix are respectively as follows:
formula (5) is the conversion relationship between the red, green, blue and yellow pixel light transmittance/reflectance and the tristimulus values, and the parameters in formula (5) correspond to each matrix point element in the system conversion matrix
k 683lm/w, λ represents wavelength, and the range is 380 to 780nm,
for a set standard observer curve, a table can be looked up to obtain a specific value, and the value of a system transformation matrix N is as follows:
when the image signal is identified to be the Phase Alternation Line (PAL), the standard conversion matrix is determined
Determining the standard conversion matrix when the image signal is identified as NTSC
The image signal input in the present invention is not limited to satisfy the above television system, and M may be a conversion matrix conforming to other color standards, such as AdobeRGB having a wider color gamut, ITU-R Recommendation bt.2020 standard, and the like.
At this time, the value of the standard transformation matrix M is changed in response.
EXAMPLE III
In order to solve the color crosstalk phenomenon generated by the difference of the vibration frequencies of the red, green, blue and yellow light of the guided wave substrate, the method can further comprise the following steps: calculating the reflectivity of the red pixel, the green pixel, the blue pixel and the yellow pixel
And a color compensation matrix
Multiplication. The color crosstalk phenomenon of the guided wave substrate caused by different vibration frequencies of red, green, blue and yellow light can be solved. Wherein x1, x2, x3 and x4 are all constants between 0 and 1.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1.A four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses is characterized by comprising a micro-projection optical machine, a diffraction optical waveguide, a light source, a beam splitter prism, a calculation storage control circuit and a communication module; wherein,
the communication module is used for receiving an image signal source signal sent by external equipment, acquiring an original RGB value from the image signal source signal and outputting the original RGB value to the calculation storage control circuit;
the calculation storage control circuit is used for calculating pixel reflectivity values of the red, green, blue and yellow channels by carrying out a four-primary-color management method on the original RGB values, generating red, green, blue and yellow driving signals according to the pixel reflectivity values and outputting the red, green, blue and yellow driving signals to the micro-projection light machine;
the light source is used for emitting light and reflecting the light to the micro projection light machine through the beam splitter prism;
and the micro-projection optical machine is used for reflecting red, yellow and blue-green light signals according to the red, green, blue and yellow driving signals and emitting the red, yellow, blue and green light signals to human eyes through the diffraction light waveguide.
2. The four-primary-color wide-gamut AR glasses according to claim 1, wherein the micro-projector is LCOS, MEMS, OLED or MCROLED.
3. The AR glasses according to claim 1, wherein the diffractive light waveguide comprises one or two layers of waveguide substrate, coupling-in grating, relay grating and coupling-out grating, the coupling-in grating is disposed at the light inlet of the waveguide substrate, the relay grating is disposed between the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating, and the coupling-out grating is disposed at the light outlet of the waveguide substrate.
4. The wide-gamut AR glasses with four primary colors according to claim 3, wherein the waveguide substrate is made of glass, and has a uniform thickness and a refractive index n greater than 1.7.
5. The wide-gamut AR glasses with four primary colors according to claim 3, wherein the surface of the waveguide substrate for emitting light is coated with an optical film.
6. The AR glasses according to claim 3, wherein the in-grating, the relay grating and the out-grating each comprise a plurality of diffractive microstructures for diffracting image light, the diffractive microstructures are wedge-shaped, saw-tooth-shaped, step-shaped, polygonal-shaped, pyramid-shaped and cone-shaped, and the diffractive microstructures have a size of 1nm to 100 nm.
7. The AR glasses according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of diffractive microstructures are arranged in the direction from the in-coupling grating, the relay grating to the out-coupling grating and form a plurality of partitions, the diffractive microstructures in each partition have the same shape and size, and the distribution density of the diffractive microstructures of the in-coupling grating, the relay grating and the out-coupling grating between adjacent partitions gradually changes.
8. The color management method of the four-primary-color wide-color-gamut AR glasses according to claim 1, wherein the four-primary-color management method is specifically as follows:
the reflectivities of the red, green, blue and yellow pixels are calculated from the original RGB values and the prestored system conversion matrix N according to the following formula
Wherein
system transformation matrix 4 x3 matrix
Is the reflectivity of the red, green, blue and yellow pixels of LCOS and the RGB value of the target system
A transformation matrix between; each matrix point element a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10, a11, and a12 is a set constant.
9. The color management method of four-primary-color wide-gamut AR glasses according to claim 8,
10. The color management method of the four-primary-color wide-gamut AR glasses according to claim 1, further comprising, before calculating the corresponding red, green, blue and yellow pixel reflectivities according to the formula based on the RGB values and a pre-stored system transformation matrix:
and respectively measuring a red light spectrum curve IR (lambda), a green light spectrum curve IG (lambda), a blue light spectrum curve IB (lambda) and a yellow light spectrum curve IY (lambda) of the micro-projection light machine by using a colorimeter, and determining a system conversion matrix according to the red, green, blue and yellow light spectrum curves.
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| CN114185234A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-15 | 深圳市科金明电子股份有限公司 | High color gamut coverage 3LCD projection device |
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