CN112987556A - Constant-speed fertilization method based on variable frequency regulation - Google Patents
Constant-speed fertilization method based on variable frequency regulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112987556A CN112987556A CN202110096471.7A CN202110096471A CN112987556A CN 112987556 A CN112987556 A CN 112987556A CN 202110096471 A CN202110096471 A CN 202110096471A CN 112987556 A CN112987556 A CN 112987556A
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- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a constant-speed fertilization method based on variable-frequency regulation.A remote-transmission pressure gauge generates different currents through different pressures, current information is fed back to an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit), so that the current pipeline pressure is calculated, and a flow sensor feeds back a pulse value to the MCU through counting pulses, so that the current pipeline flow speed is calculated. Various sensor numerical values are fed back to the frequency converter through 485 communication by the MCU, and the frequency converter is used for carrying out accurate and stable operation on the fertilization pump through PID control aiming at feedback signals, so that the fertilization speed is changed, and the effect of constant-speed fertilization is achieved. The invention has the advantages that: constant rate fertilization based on frequency conversion regulation carries out accurate control to fertilizer use through frequency conversion regulation and PID control, can maintain constant speed fertilization according to artificial set amount to reach the control fertilization speed and do benefit to fertilizer and absorb and control fertile volume and do benefit to the purpose of practicing thrift and protecting soil environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilization, in particular to a constant-speed fertilization method based on variable-frequency regulation.
Background
As a big agricultural country, China has the advantages that the speed increase of fertilizer application far exceeds that of agricultural output, the integral fertilization level is not high, many areas cannot reasonably utilize the fertilizer and can not exert the maximum utilization rate of the fertilizer, the agricultural production cost is increased, the benefit is reduced, the quality of agricultural products is reduced, the waste is serious, the soil and the ecological environment are polluted, and hidden dangers are buried for long-term cultivation.
The manual fertilization easily causes uneven fertilizer spreading, less fertilizer amount for generating effect, more waste and higher labor cost; large-scale machine fertilization is greatly influenced by terrain factors, is difficult to be suitable for complex terrains, and has high purchase cost. Adopt the fertilizer distributor to combine to irrigate and fertilize, can fully dissolve fertilizer in water, carry out to the farmland along with irrigating, more be favorable to the absorption of fertilizer, and its automatic control is perfect, only need set up the volume of having fertilizeed, can independently fertilize, no longer need the manual work to operate. However, most of the existing fertilizer applicators adopt an ejector to suck fertilizer by the negative pressure principle, and the negative pressure is greatly influenced by the flow velocity and the flow rate of water in a pipeline, so that the fertilizer suction speed and the fertilizer suction quantity are difficult to control accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a constant-speed fertilization method based on variable frequency regulation, wherein the constant-speed fertilization based on the variable frequency regulation is used for accurately controlling the fertilizer application through the variable frequency regulation and PID control, and the constant-speed fertilization can be maintained according to the artificial set amount, so that the aims of controlling the fertilization speed to be beneficial to fertilizer absorption, controlling the fertilizer amount to be beneficial to saving and protecting the soil environment are fulfilled.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a constant-speed fertilization method based on variable frequency regulation comprises the following specific steps:
1) setting required fertilization parameters through a human-computer interaction interface, a PC (personal computer) end or a mobile phone, generating different currents through different pressures by a remote pressure gauge, feeding current information back to the MCU so as to calculate the current pipeline pressure, and feeding a pulse value back to the MCU by a flow sensor through counting pulses so as to calculate the current pipeline flow speed;
2) various sensor values are fed back to the frequency converter through 485 communication by the MCU, the frequency converter controls the fertilization pump through PID aiming at a feedback signal, the PID control is controlled according to an input target value and a deviation value generated by the feedback value, and the input and output relations are as follows:
wherein KpIs a proportionality coefficient; kiAdjustment for integration; kdIs differential adjustment;
3) therefore, the transfer function obtained according to step 2) is:
and when the setting of the required set rate is finished, fertilizing is started.
As an improvement, in the step 3), when the fertilization rate does not reach the set value, the deviation value is positive, at this time, the execution amount is increased through PID control, the fertilization rate is increased, the execution amount gradually decreases as the fertilization rate is closer to the target value, and the amplitude of the increase rate is smaller.
As an improvement, in the step 3), when the deviation value is negative, that is, the actual value exceeds the set value, the execution amount is reduced by the PID control, and the PID action effect is gradually reduced as the distance from the target value becomes closer.
As an improvement, the deviation value is a difference between a set value and a measured value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the full-automatic fertilization mode of the constant-speed fertilization firstly avoids manual fertilization, liberates manpower, reduces labor cost, can reduce waste caused by manual fertilization by accurate control, reduces pollution, achieves benefit maximization, and sets reasonable speed to be more favorable for fertilizer absorption.
The PC end and the mobile phone end are controlled to open the fertilizer in real time only when the fertilizer is needed, and real-time monitoring on site by people is not needed. When fertilizing, only the fertilizing information needs to be input at a human-computer interaction interface or a PC end or a mobile phone end, and then automatic fertilizing can be achieved. The constant speed can make the fertilization more even, avoids partly regional too much to lead to the utilization ratio to descend and partly regional fertilization less can not reach the fertilization effect.
After the data are calculated and processed by the cloud server, the fertilization information and the fertilization state are displayed in real time at the PC end and the mobile phone end, and more visual experience is provided for a user. And fertilization information is stored, so that the historical fertilization records can be conveniently inquired at the later stage, and reference value is provided for subsequent fertilization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a constant rate fertilization system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a PID control schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a constant-speed fertilization method based on frequency conversion regulation is implemented based on an automatic system, and the system structure is composed of an MCU controller, a frequency converter, a fertilization pump, a pressure and flow sensor, a human-computer interaction interface (display screen), a cloud server, a PC, mobile phone application software and a fertilization pipeline.
And the MCU controller is used for processing data and communicating with the frequency converter and the human-computer interaction interface through 485, and the human-computer interaction interface (display screen) is communicated with the server through GPRS.
The remote pressure gauge is used for measuring the pressure of the pipeline within the pressure range of 0-20 Kpa.
The flow rate sensor with flow rate range of 1-25L/min can measure the flow rate of pipeline and output pulse duty ratio of 50%.
The cloud server comprises a data storage center, a big data analysis center and a comprehensive scheduling center.
The numerical values of the pressure sensor and the flow velocity sensor and the fertilization process can be checked through the PC end, the mobile phone end or the human-computer interaction interface, and the fertilization process is controlled.
The constant-speed fertilization method comprises the following specific steps:
1) setting required fertilization parameters through a human-computer interaction interface, a PC (personal computer) end or a mobile phone, generating different currents through different pressures by a remote pressure gauge, feeding current information back to the MCU so as to calculate the current pipeline pressure, and feeding a pulse value back to the MCU by a flow sensor through counting pulses so as to calculate the current pipeline flow speed;
2) various sensor values are fed back to the frequency converter through 485 communication by the MCU, the frequency converter controls the fertilization pump through PID aiming at a feedback signal, the PID control is controlled according to an input target value and a deviation value generated by the feedback value, and the input and output relations are as follows:
wherein KpIs a proportionality coefficient; kiAdjustment for integration; kdIs differential adjustment;
3) therefore, the transfer function obtained according to step 2) is:
and when the setting of the required set rate is finished, fertilizing is started.
And after the setting of the required set rate is finished, fertilizing is started, when the fertilizing rate does not reach the set value, namely the deviation value (set value-measured value) is positive, the execution amount is increased through PID control, the fertilizing rate is increased, the execution amount is gradually reduced along with the closer distance to the target value, and the amplitude of the increase rate is smaller and smaller. When the deviation value (set value-measured value) is negative, that is, the actual value exceeds the set value, the execution amount is reduced by the PID control, and the effect of the PID action is gradually reduced as getting closer to the target value.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A constant-speed fertilization method based on variable frequency regulation is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) setting required fertilization parameters through a human-computer interaction interface, a PC (personal computer) end or a mobile phone, generating different currents through different pressures by a remote pressure gauge, feeding current information back to the MCU so as to calculate the current pipeline pressure, and feeding a pulse value back to the MCU by a flow sensor through counting pulses so as to calculate the current pipeline flow speed;
2) various sensor values are fed back to the frequency converter through 485 communication by the MCU, the frequency converter controls the fertilization pump through PID aiming at a feedback signal, the PID control is controlled according to an input target value and a deviation value generated by the feedback value, and the input and output relations are as follows:
wherein KpIs a proportionality coefficient; kiAdjustment for integration; kdIs differential adjustment;
3) therefore, the transfer function obtained according to step 2) is:
and when the setting of the required set rate is finished, fertilizing is started.
2. The constant-speed fertilization method based on variable-frequency regulation, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 3), when the fertilization rate does not reach the set value, the deviation value is positive, the execution amount is increased through PID control, the fertilization rate is increased, the execution amount is gradually reduced along with the closer to the target value, and the amplitude of the increase rate is smaller and smaller.
3. The constant-speed fertilization method based on variable-frequency regulation, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in the step 3), when the deviation value is negative, that is, the actual value exceeds the set value, the execution amount is reduced by PID control, and the PID action effect is gradually reduced as the deviation value is closer to the target value.
4. The constant-speed fertilization method based on variable-frequency regulation, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the deviation value is the difference between the set value and the measured value.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112000143A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-27 | 河北利万信息科技有限公司 | Method for controlling water supply pressure by operation feedback signal in PID control |
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