CN112986523A - Method for displaying existence of diffusible hydrogen in welding seam on production site - Google Patents
Method for displaying existence of diffusible hydrogen in welding seam on production site Download PDFInfo
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- CN112986523A CN112986523A CN202110250310.9A CN202110250310A CN112986523A CN 112986523 A CN112986523 A CN 112986523A CN 202110250310 A CN202110250310 A CN 202110250310A CN 112986523 A CN112986523 A CN 112986523A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
- G01N33/202—Constituents thereof
- G01N33/2022—Non-metallic constituents
- G01N33/2025—Gaseous constituents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
- G01N33/207—Welded or soldered joints; Solderability
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for displaying diffused hydrogen in a welding seam on a production site, which comprises the following steps of firstly naturally cooling the welding seam to be tested to reduce the temperature of the welding seam to be below the quenching temperature after welding is finished, and then accelerating cooling to room temperature. Cleaning the welding line, then uniformly coating the pre-prepared bubble display liquid on the position of the test welding line, covering the coated test welding line by using a transparent cover, and sealing the transparent cover and the weldment by using a sealing strip. After the weldment to be measured is placed statically for 0.5-10 hours, diffused hydrogen bubbles formed by bubble display liquid coated on the surface of the welding line can be visually observed, and a digital camera can be used for photographing to perform qualitative judgment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for qualitatively displaying the existence of diffusible hydrogen in a metal welding seam, in particular to a method for displaying the existence of diffusible hydrogen in the welding seam on a production site, which is suitable for enterprises such as manufacturing, installation and the like to judge the existence condition of diffusible hydrogen in a specific welding seam on a welding production site.
Background
In arc welding, arc heating decomposes a substance containing hydrogen in a welding material into hydrogen atoms or protons by heating. At high temperatures, hydrogen atoms or protons dissolve into the molten metal bath and become trapped in the liquid metal. With the cooling process after welding, most of the dissolved hydrogen escapes from the weld due to the reduction of the solubility, but part of the dissolved hydrogen still remains in the solid weld metal to form pores or cause cold cracks in the weld and the heat affected zone. Particularly for alloy high-strength steel, hydrogen induced delayed cold cracking is the biggest problem in welding. Therefore, the amount of hydrogen containing elemental species in the weld material and the environment is tightly controlled before and during welding. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a weld deposit metal diffusible hydrogen amount test and evaluation on the welding material before welding. The evaluation method mainly comprises a 45 ℃ glycerol test method, a mercury method test method, a gas chromatography test method and the like. These evaluations were performed in the laboratory and required special test pieces for the weld test evaluations. At present, no specific method is used for quantitative or qualitative evaluation of the diffused hydrogen in the real specific welding line in the field production process, so that the large error between the amount of the diffused hydrogen in the actual welding line on the field and the laboratory test amount is easy to cause misjudgment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for displaying the presence of diffusible hydrogen in a weld joint on a production site, and solves the problem that misjudgment exists between the amount of diffusible hydrogen in an actual weld joint on the site and a laboratory test amount in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 7, standing for 0.5-10 hours, and then observing whether bubbles are generated on the surface of the bubble display liquid;
step 8, shooting and shooting by using a digital camera when the specified test time is up;
and 9, putting the shot pictures on a computer to judge the size and the number of the bubbles.
And in the step 2, when the weldment is made of alloy steel in the process of cooling after welding, the weldment is cooled to the Ms temperature after welding.
In the step 3, the weld to be tested and the heat affected zone near the weld to be tested after the cleaning treatment are polished and cleaned by using a polishing wheel.
In the step 3, the welding seam to be tested and the heat affected zone nearby the welding seam are within the range of 20mm of the welding seam testing part and the periphery of the welding seam testing part.
In the step 5, the bubble display liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: glycerol: white sugar: black tea water = 20-30: 30-20: 5: 45.
in the step 5, the weight part ratio of the black tea to the water in the black tea water is as follows: water =1: 100.
In the step 5, the thickness of the coating bubble display liquid is 0.01-0.02 mm.
In the step 6, the transparent cover is a cuboid structure made of glass or organic glass, the size of the transparent cover is length, width and height = (150-200) × (50-80) × (10-20) mm, and the shapes of the front end surface and the rear end surface of the transparent cover are matched with the shapes of a welding line and a groove to be tested.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
the invention discloses a qualitative judgment method for displaying the existence of diffusible hydrogen by preparing special bubble display liquid and coating the special bubble display liquid on a welding seam area to form bubbles under the disturbance of the diffusible hydrogen. Because the soap and the liquid detergent are common surfactants, the soap and the liquid detergent have the function of obviously reducing the surface tension, have great influence on the generation of bubbles and have the characteristics of wide sources and good safety. The glycerin has the characteristic of being completely mutually soluble with water, is a good moisture absorption liquid and forms good adhesion with the water, so that the evaporation of the water is slowed down, and the bubbles can be stored for a long time. White sugar can increase the viscidity of liquid, can strengthen the intensity of bubble membrane. Theophylline in green tea or black tea has certain alkalinity, and can increase the surface tension of liquid. Based on the basic characteristics of the material selection physical properties and the characteristic that diffused hydrogen escapes from the welding line, the long-time action of micro-disturbance is realized, and the bubble display liquid is required to have larger foaming characteristics and the bubble can have the maximum stability after being generated. Through repeated pairing test experiments, the detergent, the glycerol, the white sugar and the black tea water (1: 100) are finally determined to be contained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the open-bevel weld and the transparent cover in an operating state.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the flat butt weld and the transparent cover in an operating state.
Fig. 3a, 3b are partial images of weld bubbles.
FIG. 4 is an overall schematic image of a weld bubble.
In FIGS. 1-2: 1. welding a workpiece; 2. A transparent cover; 3. front and rear end plates of the transparent cover; 4. sealing tape; 5. welding seams; 6. side sealing tape.
Detailed Description
Examples
Preparation work before testing:
(1) preparing a transparent cover, wherein the transparent cover is of a cuboid structure made of glass or organic glass, the size of the transparent cover is that the length is multiplied by the width and multiplied by the height is = (150-200) × (50-80) × (10-20) mm, the shapes of the front end surface and the rear end surface of the transparent cover are matched with the shape of a welding line and a groove to be tested, the size of the transparent cover can be specifically determined according to the size of the welding line, and scales are engraved on the side wall of the transparent cover.
(2) Preparing bubble display liquid, wherein the bubble display liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: glycerol: white sugar: black tea water = 20-30: 30-20: 5: 45, a first step of; wherein the detergent can be selected from conventional detergents in the market, such as Libai detergent, tide detergent and the like; wherein the black tea water comprises the following components in parts by weight: water =1: 100; the bubble display liquid can be specifically selected from liquid detergent: glycerol: white sugar: black tea water =30: 20: 5: and (4) preparing 100-250 ML at the ratio of 45, and uniformly stirring.
The field test method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 7, standing for 0.5-10 hours, and then observing whether bubbles are generated on the surface of the bubble display liquid;
step 8, shooting and shooting by using a digital camera when the specified test time is up;
and 9, putting the shot picture on a computer for analyzing and judging the size and the quantity of the bubbles.
The invention is verified by experiments as follows:
e4303(J422) welding rods with the diameter of 3.2mm are adopted to perform circle welding on a low-carbon steel plate with the thickness of 6mm to form a surfacing circular table with the diameter of about 40mm, and the thickness of the surfacing circular table is 3 mm. Embedding a 45mm organic glass tube on a circular truncated cone directly, sealing the periphery of the circular truncated cone, painting the prepared bubble display liquid with a writing brush, sticking the prepared bubble display liquid to an upper opening with an adhesive tape, standing for 20 minutes, and observing to see that bubbles are displayed at the edge of a welding line, as shown in attached figures 3a and 3b and figure 4.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
according to the testing process of the diffusible hydrogen, the escape process of the diffusible hydrogen is slow, at least twenty-four hours are generally needed, but most of the diffusible hydrogen is concentrated within the first 10 hours, so that the diffusible hydrogen bubbles formed by the bubble display liquid coated on the surface of the welding line can be visually observed after the weldment is placed statically for 0.5-10 hours, and in addition, a digital camera can be used for shooting to perform qualitative judgment.
The bubble display liquid used in the invention is a special bubble liquid, which is a key product of the invention. Regarding the preparation of bubble liquid, there are many patent techniques or documents at home and abroad to introduce the composition. Patent documents such as application No. 2018109544803 and publication No. CN102527064A disclose safe bubble liquid for children to play. In 2015, an article "bubble liquid prepared by surface tension coefficient experiment" written by puerarin red introduces the influence of daily chemicals dissolved in water on the surface tension of water, and uses tap water, detergent, glycerin, salt and the like to prepare the bubble liquid, and in addition, in 2003, young Laichun's friend obtains the own bubble liquid formula through observation, analysis and experiment in daily life, wherein the formula of the bubble liquid is as follows: washing powder: liquid detergent: shampoo =10:2:4: 3. The bubble liquid is safe and environment-friendly and is developed for children entertainment. In addition, the book of Linzhixin et al, the classic textbook of Wuhan university Press physicochemical. kinetics. electrochemistry. surface and colloid chemistry, teaches that the generation of bubbles in bubble liquid is related to the induced generation of surfactant, and the stable existence of bubbles is crucial to the viscosity and elasticity of bubble liquid film. The liquid film has high surface viscosity, is not easy to break due to external disturbance, and can also slow down the liquid discharge speed of the liquid film and the flow speed of gas escaping from the liquid film, thereby improving the stability of the bubbles.
It is a very slow and long process in terms of the evolution process and the evolution speed of the diffusing hydrogen in the weld. Thus being a long acting process of perturbation compared with the ordinary child entertainment bubbling. Therefore, the preparation of the special bubble liquid is completely different from the selection and the proportion of the commonly used bubble liquid in the preparation raw materials. Because the soap and the liquid detergent are common surfactants, the soap and the liquid detergent have the function of obviously reducing the surface tension, have great influence on the generation of bubbles and have the characteristics of wide sources and good safety. The glycerin has the characteristic of being completely mutually soluble with water, is a good moisture absorption liquid and forms good adhesion with the water, so that the evaporation of the water is slowed down, and the bubbles can be stored for a long time. White sugar can increase the viscidity of liquid, strengthens the intensity of bubble membrane. Theophylline in green tea or black tea has certain alkalinity, and can increase the surface tension of liquid. Based on the basic characteristics of the physical properties of the selected materials and the long-term action characteristic of the diffusion hydrogen escape perturbation in the welding line, the special bubble liquid is required to have larger foaming characteristics and the maximum stability after the bubbles are generated. Through repeated pairing test experiments, the detergent is finally determined to be composed of detergent, glycerin, white sugar and black tea water (1: 100), and the mixture ratio is (20% -30%): 5%: 45 percent.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing an in situ indication of the presence of diffusible hydrogen in a weld comprising the steps of:
step 1, carrying out on-site welding according to preset welding process technical parameters;
step 2, removing slag after welding, naturally cooling to the temperature of generating a brittle and hard structure and within 20 ℃, and then accelerating cooling to room temperature;
step 3, processing the part of the welding seam to be tested, and cleaning the welding seam to be tested and the heat affected zone nearby the welding seam by using an angle grinder;
step 4, thoroughly cleaning the welding seam part to be tested, and wiping the welding seam and a heat affected zone thereof by using absorbent cotton dipped with a small amount of alcohol, ether or acetone to keep the welding seam clean;
step 5, dipping the bubble display liquid by using a fine brush, and repeatedly brushing the bubble display liquid on the welding seam part to be tested to uniformly cover the bubble display liquid on the welding seam part to be tested;
step 6, placing the transparent cover on the welding line to be tested, and tightly sealing the periphery of the transparent cover;
step 7, standing for 0.5-10 hours, and then observing whether bubbles are generated on the surface of the bubble display liquid;
step 8, shooting and shooting by using a digital camera when the specified test time is up;
and 9, putting the shot pictures on a computer to judge the size and the number of the bubbles.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the weldment is cooled to the Ms temperature when the weldment is an alloy steel when the weldment is cooled after welding.
3. The method for producing a weld for on-site display of diffusible hydrogen in weld according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the weld to be tested and the heat affected zone near the weld are polished and cleaned by using a polishing wheel.
4. The method for producing a weld for on-site display of diffusible hydrogen in weld according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the weld to be tested and its heat affected zone in the vicinity thereof are within 20mm of the weld test portion and its surroundings.
5. The method for producing the on-site display welding seam with the diffusible hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the bubble display liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: glycerol: white sugar: black tea water = 20-30: 30-20: 5: 45.
6. the method for producing a weld for on-site display of diffusible hydrogen in weld according to claim 5, wherein in step 5, the ratio of black tea to water in black tea water by weight is, black tea: water =1: 100.
7. The method for producing a weld with an on-site display of diffusible hydrogen in the weld according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the thickness of the painted bubble display liquid is 0.01-0.02 mm.
8. The method for producing a product which shows on site that there is diffusible hydrogen in a weld according to claim 1, wherein in step 6, the transparent cover is a rectangular parallelepiped made of glass or organic glass, the size of the transparent cover is length x width x height = (150-200) × (50-80) × (10-20) mm, and the shapes of the front and rear end faces of the transparent cover are matched with the shape of the weld and the groove to be tested.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110250310.9A CN112986523A (en) | 2021-03-08 | 2021-03-08 | Method for displaying existence of diffusible hydrogen in welding seam on production site |
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| CN202110250310.9A CN112986523A (en) | 2021-03-08 | 2021-03-08 | Method for displaying existence of diffusible hydrogen in welding seam on production site |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114414422A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-04-29 | 天津市特种设备监督检验技术研究院(天津市特种设备事故应急调查处理中心) | Method and device for measuring content of diffusible hydrogen in welding material deposited metal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114414422A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-04-29 | 天津市特种设备监督检验技术研究院(天津市特种设备事故应急调查处理中心) | Method and device for measuring content of diffusible hydrogen in welding material deposited metal |
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