CN112982715A - Three-dimensional shock isolation device based on four-bar structure - Google Patents
Three-dimensional shock isolation device based on four-bar structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112982715A CN112982715A CN202110545495.6A CN202110545495A CN112982715A CN 112982715 A CN112982715 A CN 112982715A CN 202110545495 A CN202110545495 A CN 202110545495A CN 112982715 A CN112982715 A CN 112982715A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/04—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving coil systems and stationary magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
- H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
- H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
- H02K7/1884—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts structurally associated with free piston engines
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional shock isolation device based on a four-bar structure, which comprises a piston assembly, a variable cross-section SMA (shape memory alloy) prestressed cable, the four-bar structure, a bottom plate, an annular air rubber spring, a base and damping liquid, wherein the base is arranged on the bottom plate, the annular air rubber spring is arranged on the base, the piston assembly is arranged on the annular air rubber spring, the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable is arranged in the piston assembly, the damping liquid is contained in the piston assembly, and the four-bar structure is connected with the piston assembly and the bottom plate. The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the earthquake acts, the piston push cylinder moves to consume energy, and energy generated under the strong earthquake can be better dissipated by matching with the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable and the damping fluid; the four-bar structure moves to cut the magnetic induction lines to generate current, so that the early warning device is excited, and meanwhile, energy consumption can be carried out through movement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic isolation and reduction of buildings, in particular to a three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on a four-rod structure.
Background
The shock insulation support is a shock insulation isolation device which is arranged between a building and a foundation for meeting the shock insulation requirement of the building. The shock insulation support is widely applied to various buildings and is used for dealing with damage to the buildings caused by various natural or artificial shocks and weakening the influence on human lives.
The shock isolation device in the middle of the last century is mainly formed by alternately vulcanizing rubber and steel plates, and can only eliminate or weaken the horizontal component of seismic waves. With the increased awareness of seismic waves. In the past 80 s, the research on three-dimensional vibration isolation devices began to be valued by relevant scholars. Since the early 90 s of the last century, our country has proposed a seismic isolation floor (patent publication No.: CN1043971A) by the earthquake-proof office of China oil and gas general company and the engineering earthquake-proof research institute of Chinese institute of construction science, and then has proposed a three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing in succession.
The existing three-dimensional shock insulation support has the following defects: 1, when the vertical force increasing rate of the support becomes fast, the resisting mechanism of the support cannot be correspondingly changed; 2 the support does not prompt people to earthquake when in seismic isolation operation, and safety needs to be paid attention to.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a three-dimensional shock isolation device based on a four-bar structure, which can effectively solve the technical problems related to the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a three-dimensional shock isolation device based on four-bar linkage, includes piston assembly, variable cross section SMA prestressed cable, four-bar linkage, bottom plate, annular air rubber spring, base and damping fluid, wherein:
the piston assembly comprises a piston sleeve and a piston push rod which is assembled in the piston sleeve and can move up and down along the piston sleeve, one end of the piston push rod extends out of the top of the piston sleeve, and the damping liquid is filled in the piston sleeve;
the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable is arranged in the piston sleeve and is used for limiting the displacement of the piston push rod in the vertical direction and adjusting the flow rate of the damping liquid so as to adjust the energy consumption;
one end of the four-bar structure is hinged with the bottom plate, and the other end of the four-bar structure is hinged with the piston assembly and used for dissipating energy through reciprocating motion of the four-bar structure in the horizontal direction;
the base is arranged on the bottom plate, and the annular air rubber spring is clamped between the piston assembly and the base to dissipate energy in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
As a preferable improvement of the invention, the piston push rod comprises a horizontal baffle plate and a bearing column with one end fixedly arranged at the center of the horizontal baffle plate, and the periphery of the horizontal baffle plate is provided with a first circular hole arranged around the bearing column; the piston sleeve comprises a hollow barrel body with two open ends and an upper end plate and an upper connecting plate, wherein the barrel body is respectively connected with the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the barrel body through the cover, the upper end plate is provided with a round hole at the center, the horizontal baffle is matched with the barrel body, and the other end of the pressure-bearing column penetrates out of the round hole.
As a preferred improvement of the present invention, the variable-section SMA prestressing cable passes through the first circular hole, the variable-section SMA prestressing cable includes an SMA prestressing cable and a variable-section rubber ring sleeve sleeved on the SMA prestressing cable, one end of the SMA prestressing cable is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper end plate, and the other end of the SMA prestressing cable is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper connecting plate.
As a preferred improvement of the invention, the upper connecting plate is further provided with a plurality of first circular bolt holes and a water drop-shaped ring buckle, the upper end plate is provided with a plurality of second circular bolt holes, the top ends of the SMA prestressing cables are fixed with the second circular bolt holes, and the bottom ends of the SMA prestressing cables are buckled with the water drop-shaped ring buckle.
As a preferred improvement of the invention, the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve is a rugby-shaped pipe fitting, the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve sequentially comprises a variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve cylindrical surface and a variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve circular table surface opposite to the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve circular cylindrical surface from inside to outside, and the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve circular table surface is matched with the SMA prestressed cable; the bottom end of the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable is provided with a second circular hole and a spiral buckle penetrating through the second circular hole, and the spiral buckle is buckled with the water-drop-shaped buckle.
As a preferred improvement of the invention, the number of the four-bar structures is a plurality of, the four-bar structures are uniformly and annularly arranged around the piston assembly, and the four-bar structures comprise a movable comb plate, a fixed comb plate, a positioning column, a connecting plate and a friction plate, one end of the fixed comb plate is fixed on the friction plate, the movable comb plate is arranged below the fixed comb plate, one end of the connecting plate is hinged with the movable comb plate, the other end of the connecting plate is hinged with the positioning column, the positioning column comprises a straight column and a base plate arranged at the bottom end of the column, and one end of the base plate, which is far away from the straight column, is hinged with the movable comb plate.
As a preferred development of the invention, the base plate comprises a support platform at the periphery of the base plate and a recess at the centre of the base plate, the support platform being provided with a cylindrical recess for fitting the positioning post.
As a preferable improvement of the invention, the annular air rubber spring comprises an inner liner and an annular air rubber spring connected with the outer periphery of the inner liner, the inner liner is formed by alternately stacking and vulcanizing two layers of steel plates and rubber, and the inner liner is provided with a plurality of fourth circular bolt holes which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first circular bolt holes.
As a preferable improvement of the present invention, the drawer further comprises a bar magnet, and the bottom plate further comprises a rectangular drawer located below the four-bar mechanism and configured to receive the bar magnet.
As a preferable improvement of the present invention, two ends of the fixed comb plate are respectively connected to a conducting wire which forms a closed loop and is connected to the early warning device, and the fixed comb plate cuts the magnetic induction lines generated by the bar magnets to generate current.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the variable-section SMA prestressed cable is combined by coupling the SMA prestressed cable and the variable-section rubber ring sleeve, the variable-section SMA prestressed cable provides prestress, different pore sizes are formed by combining the pore diameters of the piston push rod horizontal plate according to the size of an earthquake during the earthquake, and when the earthquake is too large, the pores of the piston push cylinder and the variable-section SMA prestressed cable are large, so that the flow rate of the damping fluid is high, and the energy consumption is increased; when a vertical earthquake is large, the variable-section SMA prestressed cable is tensioned, the vertical displacement of the piston push rod is limited, the piston assembly is prevented from being pulled off, and the structure is prevented from overturning;
2. the annular air rubber spring is adopted, so that energy generated by earthquakes in the horizontal and vertical directions can be effectively consumed, and the shock insulation and energy consumption performance is improved;
3. a four-bar structure is introduced, energy is consumed through the reciprocating motion of the mechanical arm, the defect that part of the shock insulation device can only consume energy unilaterally is overcome, and the shock insulation energy consumption performance is improved;
4. the earthquake alarm device is combined with an electromagnetic induction technology, converts earthquake energy into electric energy, is connected with the earthquake alarm device, not only consumes energy, but also provides an early warning signal, and is resistant to the gradual change;
5. each part of the three-dimensional shock isolation device provided by the invention can be produced into each small connecting piece in a corresponding factory and then transported to the field for installation, the requirement of assembly in the current society is met, the whole structure is highly symmetrical, the earthquake action in any direction can be resisted, and the installation process is simple.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on a four-bar structure according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall construction of the piston assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a piston rod;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the piston sleeve;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an upper connecting plate;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an overall variable-section SMA prestressed cable;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an SMA prestressed cable;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a variable cross-section rubber collar;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a variable cross-section rubber cuff;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the four-bar linkage;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the movable comb plate, the connecting plate and the positioning column;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the fixed comb plate and the friction plate;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a connecting plate;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a positioning post;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the base plate;
FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of an annular air rubber spring;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a base.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on a four-bar structure, which comprises a piston assembly 1, a variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable 2, a four-bar structure 3, a bottom plate 4, an annular air rubber spring 5, a base 6, a bar magnet 7 and a damping fluid 8.
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, the piston assembly 1 includes a piston sleeve 12 and a piston rod 11 assembled in the piston sleeve 12 and capable of moving up and down along the piston sleeve 12, wherein one end of the piston rod 11 extends out from the top of the piston sleeve 12, and the damping fluid 8 is filled in the piston sleeve 12. The piston rod 11 includes a horizontal baffle 112 and a pressure-bearing column 111 with one end welded and fixed to the center of the horizontal baffle 112, a plurality of first circular holes 1121 are formed in the periphery of the horizontal baffle 112 and arranged around the pressure-bearing column 111, and the first circular holes 1121 are evenly arrayed along the circumference of the horizontal baffle 112. Piston sleeve 12 includes both ends opening and is hollow form stack shell 122 and cover respectively in the upper end plate 121 and the upper junction plate 123 of open end about the stack shell 122, upper end plate 121 center department is equipped with round hole 1212, still be equipped with a plurality of first circular bolt holes 1231 and a plurality of water droplet shape latch closure 1232 on the upper junction plate 123, first circular bolt hole 1231 with water droplet shape latch closure 1232 all follows the even interval in circumference of upper junction plate 123 sets up. The horizontal baffle 112 is matched with the cylinder body 122, and the other end of the pressure bearing column 111 penetrates out of the round hole 1212.
Referring to fig. 7-10, the SMA prestressing cable 2 with variable cross section is disposed in the piston sleeve 12 for limiting the displacement of the piston rod 11 in the vertical direction and adjusting the flow rate of the damping fluid 8 to adjust the amount of energy consumption. Specifically, the number of the variable cross-section SMA prestressing cables 2 is six, the variable cross-section SMA prestressing cables 2 respectively penetrate through the six first circular holes 1121, and the six variable cross-section SMA prestressing cables 2 are uniformly arranged along the circumference with the pressure-bearing column 111 as the center of a circle. The variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable 2 comprises an SMA prestressed cable 21 and a variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve 22 sleeved on the SMA prestressed cable 21, wherein one end of the SMA prestressed cable 21 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the upper end plate 121, and the other end of the SMA prestressed cable 21 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper connecting plate 123. The upper end plate 121 is provided with a plurality of second circular bolt holes 1211, the top end of the SMA prestressing cable 21 is fixed with the second circular bolt holes 1211, and the bottom end of the SMA prestressing cable is fastened with the drop-shaped ring fastener 1232.
It should be further noted that the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve 22 is a rugby-ball pipe, the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve 22 sequentially includes, from inside to outside, a variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve cylindrical surface 222 and a variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve cylindrical surface 221 opposite to the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve cylindrical surface 222, and the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve cylindrical surface 222 is matched with the prestressed SMA cable 21. The bottom end of the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable 2 is provided with a second circular hole 211 and a spiral buckle 212 penetrating through the second circular hole 211, and the spiral buckle 212 is buckled with the water-drop-shaped buckle 1232.
Referring to fig. 11 to 15, one end of the four-bar linkage 3 is hinged to the bottom plate 4, and the other end is hinged to the piston assembly 1, so as to dissipate energy through the reciprocating motion of the four-bar linkage 3 in the horizontal direction; the number of the four-bar structures 3 is several, and the four-bar structures are uniformly arranged around the piston assembly 1, and in a specific preferred embodiment of the invention, the number of the four-bar structures 3 is 4.
The four-bar mechanism 3 comprises a movable comb plate 31, a fixed comb plate 32, a positioning column 33, a connecting plate 34 and a friction plate 35. One end of the fixed comb plate 32 is fixed on the friction plate 35, and the other end is arc-shaped and protrudes downwards for a certain length to form an L-shaped arc-shaped structure 321, and the L-shaped arc-shaped structure 321 is used for clamping the air rubber spring 52. The moving comb plate 31 is disposed below the fixed comb plate 32, one end of the moving comb plate 31 is provided with a third circular bolt hole 315, and the other end of the moving comb plate 31 is provided with a first bearing connection hole 31411. One end of the connecting plate 34 is hinged to the moving comb plate 31, the other end of the connecting plate is hinged to the positioning column 33, the positioning column 33 includes a straight column 331 and a base plate 332 disposed at the bottom end of the straight column 331, one end of the base plate 332 away from the straight column 331 is hinged to the moving comb plate 31, specifically, one end of the base plate 332 away from the straight column 331 is provided with a second bearing connection hole 31422, two ends of the connecting plate 34 are respectively provided with a third bearing connection hole 31412 corresponding to the first bearing connection hole 31411 and a fourth bearing connection hole 31421 corresponding to the second bearing connection hole 31422, through the cooperation of the bearing connection holes and the first bearing 314 and the second bearing 334, the moving comb plate 31 is hinged to the connecting plate 34 and the moving comb plate 31 is hinged to the column 33, and the base plate 332 can rotate around the straight column 331, the movable comb plate 31 can reciprocate to dissipate energy, and the shock insulation and energy dissipation performance is improved.
It should be further noted that two ends of the fixed comb plate 32 are respectively connected to a conducting wire 44 which forms a closed loop and is connected to the early warning device, the fixed comb plate 32 cuts the magnetic induction line generated by the bar magnet 7 to generate a current, and the generated current is transmitted to the early warning device through the conducting wire 44. It should be noted that the fixed comb plate 32 and the movable comb plate 31 are both of a comb-tooth structure, so as to be able to cut the magnetic induction lines. Therefore, the earthquake energy can be converted into the electric energy, and the earthquake alarm device is started to alarm.
Referring again to fig. 16, the bottom plate 4 includes a supporting platform 41 located at the periphery of the bottom plate 4 and a groove 43 located at the center of the bottom plate 4, and the supporting platform 41 is provided with a cylindrical groove 411 for assembling the positioning column 33 and matching with the positioning column 33. The base plate 4 further includes a rectangular drawer 42 located below the four-bar mechanism 3 for receiving the bar magnet 7.
Referring to fig. 17 again, the annular air rubber spring 5 is interposed between the piston assembly 1 and the base 6 for dissipating energy in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, specifically, the annular air rubber spring 5 includes an inner liner 51 and an air rubber spring 52 connected to an outer periphery of the inner liner 51, and an area of the inner liner 51 is equal to an area of the piston sleeve upper connecting plate 123 or an area of the base lower connecting plate 61. The inner liner 51 is formed by overlapping and vulcanizing two layers of steel plates 511 and rubber 512 in a staggered mode, and a plurality of fifth circular bolt holes 5111 penetrate through the inner liner 51. The air rubber spring 52 is integrated with the lining rubber 512.
Referring to fig. 18 again, the base 6 is disposed on the bottom plate 4, and specifically, the base 6 is placed in the groove 43 of the bottom plate 4. The base 6 comprises a lower connecting plate 61 and a vertical column 62 arranged at the center of the bottom of the lower connecting plate 61, the inner liner 51 of the annular air rubber spring 5 is placed on the base 6, and the upper connecting plate 123 of the piston assembly 1 is placed on the inner liner 51. The lower connecting plate 61 is provided with a plurality of fourth circular bolt holes 611, and a plurality of first circular bolt holes 1231 arranged on the upper connecting plate 123 are in one-to-one correspondence.
The positioning column 33 is fixed in the cylindrical groove 411, the movable comb plate 31 is placed on the upper connecting plate 123, the lower connecting plate 61, the liner 51, the upper connecting plate 123 and the movable comb plate 31 are connected through a plurality of high-strength bolts, specifically, the high-strength bolts sequentially pass through the fourth circular bolt hole 611, the fifth circular bolt hole 5111, the first circular bolt hole 1231 and the third circular bolt hole 315, and then nuts are screwed.
The working principle of the three-dimensional shock isolation device based on the four-bar structure provided by the invention is as follows:
when a horizontal load is applied, the piston assembly 1 drives the four-bar mechanism 3 to do reciprocating motion in the groove 43 of the bottom plate 4, meanwhile, the annular air rubber spring 5 generates horizontal additional constraint on the piston assembly 1, and the damping liquid 8 in the piston assembly 1 oscillates to provide enough energy consumption capacity in the horizontal direction. When a vertical load is applied, the piston push rod 11 reciprocates in the vertical direction, and the damping liquid 8 flows along the pore formed by the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable 2 and the horizontal push rod 11 to consume energy; when the vertical load is larger, the horizontal push rod 11 extrudes the damping liquid 8 more violently, the pore formed by the variable-section SMA prestressed cable 2 and the horizontal push rod 11 is also enlarged, the damping liquid 8 passing through in unit time is increased, and the energy consumption is accelerated. The variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable 2 has a certain pre-pressure, which can prevent the piston push rod 11 from being pulled off to cause the overturn of the upper structure.
When receiving earthquake load, bottom plate 4 will take place to slide at the horizontal direction, and then drives piston assembly 1 and take place to slide, can no matter how piston assembly 1 slides at the horizontal direction, and corresponding motion can all be made to four-bar linkage 3 to weaken piston assembly 1 at the slip of horizontal direction. The moving comb plate 31 and the fixed comb plate 32 of the four-bar structure 3 cut the magnetic induction lines generated by the bar magnets 7 back and forth under the action of an earthquake to form induction currents, and the induction currents are connected to the early warning device through the wires 44, so that the earthquake early warning function is achieved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the variable-section SMA prestressed cable is combined by coupling the SMA prestressed cable and the variable-section rubber ring sleeve, the variable-section SMA prestressed cable provides prestress, different pore sizes are formed by combining the pore diameters of the piston push rod horizontal plate according to the size of an earthquake during the earthquake, and when the earthquake is too large, the pores of the piston push cylinder and the variable-section SMA prestressed cable are large, so that the flow rate of the damping fluid is high, and the energy consumption is increased; when a vertical earthquake is large, the variable-section SMA prestressed cable is tensioned, the vertical displacement of the piston push rod is limited, the piston assembly is prevented from being pulled off, and the structure is prevented from overturning;
2. the annular air rubber spring is adopted, so that energy generated by earthquakes in the horizontal and vertical directions can be effectively consumed, and the shock insulation and energy consumption performance is improved;
3. a four-bar structure is introduced, energy is consumed through the reciprocating motion of the mechanical arm, the defect that part of the shock insulation device can only consume energy unilaterally is overcome, and the shock insulation energy consumption performance is improved;
4. the earthquake alarm device is combined with an electromagnetic induction technology, converts earthquake energy into electric energy, is connected with the earthquake alarm device, not only consumes energy, but also provides an early warning signal, and is resistant to the gradual change;
5. each part of the three-dimensional shock isolation device provided by the invention can be produced into each small connecting piece in a corresponding factory and then transported to the field for installation, the requirement of assembly in the current society is met, the whole structure is highly symmetrical, the earthquake action in any direction can be resisted, and the installation process is simple.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the specification and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional shock isolation device based on a four-bar structure is characterized by comprising a piston assembly (1), a variable cross-section SMA (2) prestressed cable, the four-bar structure (3), a bottom plate (4), an annular air rubber spring (5), a base (6) and damping liquid (8), wherein the damping liquid (8) is filled in the annular air rubber spring
The piston assembly (1) comprises a piston sleeve (12) and a piston push rod (11) assembled in the piston sleeve (12) and capable of moving up and down along the piston sleeve (12), one end of the piston push rod (11) extends out of the top of the piston sleeve (12), and the damping fluid (8) is filled in the piston sleeve (12);
the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable (2) is arranged in the piston sleeve (12) and is used for limiting the displacement of the piston push rod (11) in the vertical direction and adjusting the flow rate of the damping liquid (8) so as to adjust the energy consumption;
one end of the four-bar structure (3) is hinged with the bottom plate (4), and the other end of the four-bar structure is hinged with the piston assembly (1) and used for dissipating energy through the reciprocating motion of the four-bar structure (3) in the horizontal direction;
the base (6) is arranged on the bottom plate (4), and the annular air rubber spring (5) is clamped between the piston assembly (1) and the base (6) to dissipate energy in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 1, wherein: the piston push rod (11) comprises a horizontal baffle plate (112) and a pressure bearing column (111) with one end fixedly arranged at the center of the horizontal baffle plate (112), and a first circular hole (1121) arranged around the pressure bearing column (111) is formed in the periphery of the horizontal baffle plate (112); piston sleeve (12) include both ends opening and be cylinder (122) of cavity form and cover respectively in upper end plate (121) and upper junction plate (123) of open end about cylinder (122), upper end plate (121) center department is equipped with round hole (1212), horizontal baffle (112) with cylinder (122) cooperation, the other end of pressure-bearing post (111) is certainly round hole (1212) are worn out.
3. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 2, wherein: the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable (2) penetrates through the first circular hole (1121), the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable (2) comprises an SMA prestressed cable (21) and a variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve (22) sleeved on the SMA prestressed cable (21), one end of the SMA prestressed cable (21) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the upper end plate (121), and the other end of the SMA prestressed cable is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper connecting plate (123).
4. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 3, wherein: the upper connecting plate (123) is further provided with a plurality of first circular bolt holes (1231) and a water-drop-shaped buckle (1232), the upper end plate (121) is provided with a plurality of second circular bolt holes (1211), the top end of the SMA prestressed cable (21) is fixed with the second circular bolt holes (1211), and the bottom end of the SMA prestressed cable is buckled with the water-drop-shaped buckle (1232).
5. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 4, wherein: the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve (22) is a rugby-ball-shaped pipe fitting, the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve (22) sequentially comprises a variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve cylindrical surface (222) and a variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve circular table surface (221) opposite to the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve cylindrical surface (222) from inside to outside, and the variable cross-section rubber ring sleeve cylindrical surface (222) is matched with the SMA prestressed cable (21); the bottom end of the variable cross-section SMA prestressed cable (2) is provided with a second circular hole (211) and a spiral buckle (212) penetrating through the second circular hole (211), and the spiral buckle (212) is buckled with the water-drop-shaped buckle (1232).
6. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 4, wherein: the quantity of four-bar linkage (3) is a plurality of and even ring locates around piston assembly (1), including removing broach board (31), fixed broach board (32), reference column (33), connecting plate (34) and friction board (35), fixed broach board (32) one end is fixed in rub on board (35), remove broach board (31) set up in fixed broach board (32) below, connecting plate (34) one end with it is articulated to remove broach board (31), the other end with reference column (33) are articulated, reference column (33) include straight post (331) and set up in base plate (332) of straight post (331) bottom, base plate (332) are kept away from the one end of straight post (331) with it is articulated to remove broach board (31).
7. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom plate (4) comprises a supporting platform (41) positioned on the periphery of the bottom plate (4) and a groove (43) positioned in the center of the bottom plate (4), and the supporting platform (41) is provided with a cylindrical groove (411) used for assembling the positioning column (33).
8. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 7, wherein: annular air rubber spring (5) including inside lining (51) and with the air rubber spring (52) of the outer peripheral edge connection of inside lining (51), inside lining (51) are stacked the vulcanization by two-layer steel sheet (511) and rubber (512) crisscross and are formed, inside lining (51) be provided with a plurality of with fourth circular bolt hole (611) that first circular bolt hole (1231) one-to-one set up.
9. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 6, wherein: the four-bar linkage type refrigerator is characterized by further comprising bar magnets (7), wherein the bottom plate (4) further comprises a rectangular drawer (42) which is located below the four-bar linkage (3) and used for containing the bar magnets (7).
10. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device based on the four-bar structure according to claim 9, wherein: two ends of the fixed comb plate (32) are respectively connected with a conducting wire (44) which forms a closed loop and is connected with the early warning device, and the fixed comb plate (32) cuts the magnetic induction lines generated by the bar magnets (7) to generate current.
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| CN112982715B (en) | 2021-07-23 |
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