CN112982654A - Method for measuring initial setting time of concrete - Google Patents
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- CN112982654A CN112982654A CN202110232461.1A CN202110232461A CN112982654A CN 112982654 A CN112982654 A CN 112982654A CN 202110232461 A CN202110232461 A CN 202110232461A CN 112982654 A CN112982654 A CN 112982654A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring initial setting time of concrete, and relates to the technical field of building construction. And (3) pretreating the concrete in the mould, and determining the moment when the pretreated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time. And determining the initial setting time of the concrete according to the first time and the second time. During construction, after the pouring and pretreatment of the concrete on the previous layer are completed, the upper limit of the time allowed by the pouring and pretreatment procedures is completed on the concrete on the next layer, so that a constructor can be directly guided to avoid cold joints between two adjacent layers of concrete by controlling the time, the construction quality can be effectively improved, and the construction efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a method for measuring initial setting time of concrete.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the scale of infrastructure construction is getting bigger and bigger, and in order to ensure that the strength after the facility construction can meet the conditions, concrete is generally required to be used as a construction material, and pouring and maintenance are carried out on the construction material, so that the initial setting molding of the construction material has higher strength.
In concrete construction, multiple times of pouring in layers are generally adopted, but in actual construction, after the construction of the previous layer of concrete is completed, the time range for constructing the next layer of concrete is not clear, and after the initial setting of the previous layer of concrete, the construction of the next layer of concrete is not finished, so that a cold joint is easy to appear between the next layer of concrete and the previous layer of concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the initial setting time of concrete, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art and solving the problem that the existing concrete is easy to have cold seams when being poured in layers.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
in one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a method for determining a concrete initial setting time is provided, the method including: pouring concrete in the mould, and determining the concrete pouring completion time as first time; pretreating the concrete in the mold, and determining the moment when the pretreated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time; and determining the initial setting time of the concrete according to the first time and the second time.
Optionally, before the concrete is poured in the mold, the method comprises: under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃, mixing the portland cement, the water reducing agent and the mineral admixture according to a preset proportion to form a mixture; the mixture is stirred within a preset time period, so that the mixture forms concrete, and the discharge temperature of the concrete is less than or equal to 35 ℃.
Optionally, the water reducing agent is a retarding high-efficiency water reducing agent.
Optionally, the mineral admixture is one of fly ash and mineral powder.
Optionally, the casting of concrete in the mold comprises: and pouring concrete in the mould under the condition of a preset temperature, so that the height of the concrete in the mould is less than or equal to 30 cm.
Optionally, the preset temperature condition is that a difference between the temperature of the mold and the temperature of the concrete is less than or equal to 15 ℃.
Optionally, the pre-treating the concrete in the mold, and determining a time when the pre-treated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as the second time includes: and vibrating the concrete in the mould at preset intervals and preset depths, and determining the moment when the vibrated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time.
Optionally, the preset depth is 5cm to 10 cm.
Optionally, the preset interval time is 15 min.
Optionally, the initial setting phenomenon is one of cracks on the surface of the concrete, aggregate jumping on the surface of the concrete and a turning radius of the concrete taking pretreatment as a center, which is less than 20 cm.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
the invention provides a method for measuring initial setting time of concrete. And (3) pretreating the concrete in the mould, and determining the moment when the pretreated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time. And determining the initial setting time of the concrete according to the first time and the second time. During construction, after the pouring and pretreatment of the concrete on the previous layer are completed, the upper limit of the time allowed by the pouring and pretreatment procedures is completed on the concrete on the next layer, so that a constructor can be directly guided to avoid cold joints between two adjacent layers of concrete by controlling the time, the construction quality can be effectively improved, and the construction efficiency can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring initial setting time of concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second schematic flow chart of a method for measuring initial setting time of concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, various features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the combined embodiments are still within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In concrete construction, multiple times of pouring in layers are generally adopted, but in actual construction, after the construction of the previous layer of concrete is completed, the time range for constructing the next layer of concrete is not clear, and after the initial setting of the previous layer of concrete, the construction of the next layer of concrete is not finished, so that a cold joint is easy to appear between the next layer of concrete and the previous layer of concrete. In order to ensure that the concrete poured in layers can be bonded together compactly and avoid construction cold joints, the actual initial setting time of the concrete needs to be measured, namely, under the actual conditions of a construction site, in order to ensure that the concrete poured in layers does not have cold joints, after the concrete pouring and vibrating of the previous layer are finished, the concrete of the next layer finishes the pouring and vibrating process, and the allowable time limit is determined.
In one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a method for determining a concrete initial setting time is provided, the method including: pouring concrete in the mould, and determining the concrete pouring completion time as first time; pretreating the concrete in the mold, and determining the moment when the pretreated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time; and determining the initial setting time of the concrete according to the first time and the second time.
In an example, the method for measuring the initial setting time of the concrete is to perform mold casting on the concrete under actual working conditions, and obtain the initial setting time of the concrete by means of time point measurement, so as to provide a good guiding effect for actual construction, as shown in fig. 1, the following will schematically describe the method:
s010: and pouring concrete in the mould, and determining the concrete pouring completion moment as the first time.
Illustratively, a mold is prepared firstly, the mold can be a test container which has the same size as or is close to a member to be poured in actual construction and is made of the same material, for example, for a cover beam, a trolley can be selected (the mold needs to be placed near a structural formwork to be poured 1 day in advance and is positioned at a direct sunlight place in a high-temperature period). And then pouring the prepared concrete into a mold, wherein the pouring mode can be manual pouring, can also be pouring through a tool vehicle, and the like. When the pouring is finished, the time point of the pouring, namely the moment at the time is used as the first time, namely the starting time.
S020: and (3) pretreating the concrete in the mould, and determining the moment when the pretreated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time.
Because need handle the concrete after pouring in actual construction to its filling that can be fully closely knit, consequently, also can carry out the preliminary treatment to the concrete that is arranged in the mould, under the effect of preliminary treatment and concrete self characteristic, after a period of time, the phenomenon of initial set begins to appear in the concrete in the mould, when the phenomenon of initial set appears in the concrete in the mould, with the moment this moment promptly the time point as the second time.
S030: and determining the initial setting time of the concrete according to the first time and the second time.
The initial setting time of the type of concrete is obtained through the first time and the second time, the initial setting time of the type of concrete under the same construction condition is determined, namely, when construction is carried out, after the previous layer of concrete is poured and the pretreatment is completed, pouring of the next layer of concrete is completed, and the time upper limit allowed by the pretreatment process is determined, so that a constructor can be directly guided to avoid cold joints between two adjacent layers of concrete through controlling the time, the construction quality can be effectively improved, and the construction efficiency can be improved.
When the initial setting time of concrete is measured, the obtained initial setting time can only be used for guiding and referring to the concrete of the same type under similar working conditions. When the proportion of the concrete has large change or the construction working condition, including temperature, altitude and the like, has large change, the determination is carried out again according to the method.
Optionally, before the concrete is poured in the mold, the method comprises: under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃, mixing the portland cement, the water reducing agent and the mineral admixture according to a preset proportion to form a mixture; the mixture is stirred within a preset time period, so that the mixture forms concrete, and the discharge temperature of the concrete is less than or equal to 35 ℃.
For example, as shown in fig. 2, before S010, the method for determining the initial setting time of concrete may further include:
s001: and mixing the portland cement, the water reducing agent and the mineral admixture according to a preset ratio to form a mixture under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃.
When the construction is generally carried out in a high-temperature time period in summer, such as 13:00 to 16:00, the temperature during measurement can be adjusted to be less than or equal to 40 ℃, the initial setting time of the concrete measured under the condition is more representative, and meanwhile, the quality during construction can be better guaranteed.
The concrete may include Portland cement, water reducing agent and mineral admixture in certain proportion, and the mixture is formed through mixing, the cement may be common Portland cement with relatively low hydration heat, and the water reducing agent may be delayed coagulation high efficiency type to reduce hydration heat and prolong hydration time. The concrete mixing proportion can be properly mixed with an admixture for slowing down the initial hydration reaction of the concrete, such as a mineral admixture (such as fly ash, mineral powder and the like), and the slump loss is properly considered (determined by tests).
S002: the mixture is stirred within a preset time period, so that the mixture forms concrete, and the discharge temperature of the concrete is less than or equal to 35 ℃.
The mixture is stirred in the preset time to make it form concrete, the setting of the preset time should guarantee that the mixture can be fully stirred evenly, and simultaneously, cooling equipment can be assisted in the stirring operation process, such as heat exchange through sunshade, water-cooling pipe and the like to control the temperature, thereby reducing the influence of the ambient temperature. The temperature of the concrete after the stirring can be less than or equal to 35 ℃ when the concrete is discharged.
Optionally, the water reducing agent is a retarding high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The retarding superplasticizer is composed of naphthalene series water reducing agent, proper amount of retarding component and reasonable air-entraining component. The action mechanism is as follows: after the water reducing agent is doped into concrete, the cement particles have negative electricity due to the adsorption of anions of the water reducing agent, so that water around the cement particles generates polarity, like-polarity ions repel each other, the mutual approach of cement-phase cations is prevented, and the dispersing and carving effects are caused, so that the adsorption and diffusion effects of the cement particles are improved, the coagulation tendency of cement paste is inhibited, the joint area of the cement particles and water is increased, and the cement can be fully hydrated. In the process of diffusing cement particles, free water surrounded by the aggregates is released, and cement paste is changed into a sol structure from a net-shaped aggregate structure, so that the paste becomes thin, the concrete has high fluidity and long retardation time.
Under the condition of the same water cement ratio, the initial slump of the concrete can be improved by more than 15cm, and the water reducing rate can reach 15-25%. When the amount of the additive is proper, the strength of the mortar and the concrete can be improved by 50-70% in three days and seven days, the strength of the mortar and the concrete can be improved by more than 30% in 28 days, and the strength of the concrete is correspondingly improved along with the increase of the age. When the concrete strength and the slump are basically the same as those of the reference concrete, the cement consumption can be reduced by 15-20%. The concrete doped with the agent has obviously improved impermeability and freeze-thaw resistance.
Optionally, the mineral admixture is one of fly ash and mineral powder.
Optionally, the casting of concrete in the mold comprises: and pouring concrete in the mould under the condition of a preset temperature, so that the height of the concrete in the mould is less than or equal to 30 cm.
In S010, concrete may be poured into the mold under a preset temperature condition, so that the temperature difference of the concrete is small, and the initial setting effect is uniform. It is also possible to control the height of the concrete in the mold to be within a suitable range, for example, 30cm or less, at the time of casting. Therefore, the forming quality can be effectively improved.
Optionally, the preset temperature condition is that a difference between the temperature of the mold and the temperature of the concrete is less than or equal to 15 ℃.
For example, the preset temperature condition may be that the difference between the temperature of the mold and the temperature of the concrete is less than or equal to 15 ℃. When pouring, the surface temperature of the poured concrete and the mould can be measured, so that the adverse effect on the poured concrete caused by large temperature difference between the poured concrete and the mould is avoided. The difference may be in the range of 15c or less. The temperature difference can be strictly inhibited from exceeding the standard by controlling the temperature of raw materials, covering templates and other measures.
In the present embodiment, the temperature may be measured by a temperature sensor, such as a temperature measuring gun, an insertion thermometer, or the like.
Optionally, the pre-treating the concrete in the mold, and determining a time when the pre-treated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as the second time includes: and vibrating the concrete in the mould at preset intervals and preset depths, and determining the moment when the vibrated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time.
For example, the concrete in the mold may be pre-treated by vibration, and when the concrete in the mold is vibrated, the vibration may be performed at a certain frequency, for example, at preset intervals of 15 minutes, 16 minutes, and the like, and the vibration depth may be controlled to ensure the effect.
Pouring concrete into a test container, starting timing, recording the first time after compaction, and then carrying out pretreatment, namely, carrying out tamping (with the depth of 5-10cm) by inserting a tamping bar every 15 minutes until the concrete appears one of the following conditions, and recording the second time. And subtracting the first time from the second time to obtain the initial setting time of the concrete of the type.
Optionally, the preset depth is 5cm to 10 cm.
Optionally, the preset interval time is 15 min.
Optionally, in the pretreatment process, the concrete can be gradually compacted along with the increase of time, and when the initial setting phenomenon of the concrete occurs, the second time can be recorded. The initial setting phenomenon can be one of cracks or obvious cracks on the surface of the concrete, aggregate jumping or obvious jumping on the surface of the concrete and the grout turning radius of the concrete taking pretreatment as the center is less than 20 cm. The pretreatment is the center, namely the vibrating center, and when the vibrating tool is a vibrating rod, the vibrating rod is used as the center.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring the initial setting time of concrete, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pouring concrete in a mould, and determining the concrete pouring completion moment as first time;
pretreating the concrete in the mold, and determining the moment when the pretreated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time;
and determining the initial setting time of the concrete according to the first time and the second time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to placing the concrete in the mold, the method comprises:
under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 40 ℃, mixing the portland cement, the water reducing agent and the mineral admixture according to a preset proportion to form a mixture;
stirring the mixture within a preset time to enable the mixture to form the concrete, wherein the discharge temperature of the concrete is less than or equal to 35 ℃.
3. The method for measuring the initial setting time of concrete according to claim 2, wherein the water reducing agent is a retarding high-efficiency water reducing agent.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the mineral admixture is one of fly ash and mineral fines.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the placing concrete in the mold comprises:
pouring the concrete in the mould under the condition of a preset temperature, so that the height of the concrete in the mould is less than or equal to 30 cm.
6. The method for measuring the initial setting time of concrete according to claim 5, wherein the predetermined temperature condition is that the difference between the temperature of the mold and the temperature of the concrete is 15 ℃ or less.
7. The method for determining the initial setting time of concrete according to claim 1, wherein the pre-treating the concrete in the mold and determining the initial setting time of the pre-treated concrete as the second time comprises:
vibrating the concrete in the mould at preset intervals and preset depths, and determining the moment when the vibrated concrete has an initial setting phenomenon as second time.
8. The method for measuring the initial setting time of concrete according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined depth is 5cm to 10 cm.
9. The method for measuring the initial setting time of concrete according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined time interval is 15 min.
10. The method for determining the initial setting time of concrete according to claim 1, wherein the initial setting phenomenon is one of cracks appearing on the surface of the concrete, aggregate runout on the surface of the concrete, and a grout turning radius of the concrete centering on the pretreatment of less than 20 cm.
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Cited By (1)
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2021
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| CN103485370A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2014-01-01 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Concrete construction control method for preventing harmful cracks of wallboard |
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