CN112981717B - Capacitor diaphragm and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Capacitor diaphragm and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112981717B
CN112981717B CN202110158208.6A CN202110158208A CN112981717B CN 112981717 B CN112981717 B CN 112981717B CN 202110158208 A CN202110158208 A CN 202110158208A CN 112981717 B CN112981717 B CN 112981717B
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parts
fiber
capacitor
carbon fiber
modified carbon
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CN112981717A (en
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蒙国群
刘进朗
廖乃昌
刘金顺
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Guangzhou Chinsan Electronic Co ltd
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Guangzhou Chinsan Electronic Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
    • D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
    • D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/12—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/16—Polyalkenylalcohols; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
    • D21H13/38—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous
    • D21H13/40—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous vitreous, e.g. mineral wool, glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
    • D21H13/38—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous
    • D21H13/42—Asbestos
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
    • D21H13/46—Non-siliceous fibres, e.g. from metal oxides
    • D21H13/50—Carbon fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/71—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes
    • D21H17/74—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes of organic and inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/52—Separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength

Abstract

The invention discloses a capacitor diaphragm and a preparation method thereof, wherein the capacitor diaphragm is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 24-30 parts of asbestos fiber, 8-12 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 60-68 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 8-12 parts of attapulgite, 6-10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 4-8 parts of glass fiber, 2-6 parts of silica sol, 2-6 parts of modified carbon fiber, 1-4 parts of azelaic acid ester, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1-2 parts of barium titanate, 0.8-2 parts of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.5-1.5 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 90-105 parts of deionized water. The capacitor diaphragm has good strength and heat transfer performance, and can better dissipate heat; the strength and the heat transfer performance are improved by adding the modified carbon fiber.

Description

Capacitor diaphragm and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials for capacitors, in particular to a capacitor diaphragm and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The capacitor is one of electronic components used in a large number of electronic devices, and is widely used in blocking, coupling, bypassing, filtering, tuning loops, energy conversion, control circuits, and the like. The capacitor is formed by sandwiching an insulating dielectric between two metal electrodes, when voltage is applied between the two metals, the capacitor can store charges, so that the capacitor is an energy storage element, along with the rapid development of the electronic industry, the requirements of high-level and low-price electronic products are more and more urgent, and the capacitor is used as an electronic basic product, so that the requirements on the capacitor are more and more high.
The diaphragm paper of the super capacitor is positioned between the two porous carbon electrodes, is completely soaked in the electrolyte together with the electrodes, plays a role in isolation in the repeated charge and discharge process, prevents electron conduction, and prevents internal short circuit caused by contact between the two electrodes. The strength of the capacitor diaphragm on the market at present is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The capacitor diaphragm and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have good strength and heat transfer performance and can better dissipate heat.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a capacitor diaphragm is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 24-30 parts of asbestos fiber, 8-12 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 60-68 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 8-12 parts of attapulgite, 6-10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 4-8 parts of glass fiber, 2-6 parts of silica sol, 2-6 parts of modified carbon fiber, 1-4 parts of azelaic acid ester, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1-2 parts of barium titanate, 0.8-2 parts of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.5-1.5 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 90-105 parts of deionized water.
As a preferable scheme, the capacitor diaphragm is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32-36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 24-28 parts of asbestos fiber, 9-12 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 62-68 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 9-12 parts of attapulgite, 7-10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 4-7 parts of glass fiber, 2-5 parts of silica sol, 2-5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 1-3 parts of azelaic acid ester, 1-2.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.2-2 parts of barium titanate, 0.8-1.5 parts of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.5-1.2 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 95-105 parts of deionized water.
As a preferable scheme, the capacitor diaphragm is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 25 parts of asbestos fiber, 10 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 65 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 10 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 5 parts of glass fiber, 4 parts of silica sol, 4 parts of modified carbon fiber, 2 parts of azelaic acid ester, 1.8 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5 parts of barium titanate, 1 part of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.7 part of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 100 parts of deionized water.
As a preferable scheme, the preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 5-10 parts of carbon fibers into 20-30 parts of degumming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a carbon fiber dispersion liquid;
s2, adding 2-6 parts of carbon nano tube into 20-30 parts of mixed acid, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain a carbon nano tube dispersion liquid;
s3, adding the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid into the carbon fiber dispersion liquid, adding 0.5-1 part of surfactant, 0.05-0.15 part of silane coupling agent KH550, 0.8-1.2 parts of polysilazane, and performing ultrasonic treatment at 400-700W for 20-40 min, uniformly stirring, filtering, and drying to obtain modified carbon fibers;
the parts are all parts by weight.
The inventor of the present invention found in a great deal of research that the strength and the heat transfer performance of the diaphragm cannot be improved well by adding the carbon fiber and the carbon nanotube singly, and the strength and the heat transfer performance of the diaphragm can be improved significantly by modifying the carbon fiber, so that the heat dissipation can be improved. The modified carbon fiber forms an effective heat conducting network in the diaphragm, and meanwhile, the modified carbon fiber has good compatibility in a matrix and cannot be agglomerated.
As a preferable scheme, the degumming agent is prepared from acetone and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 1: (0.5-2).
As a preferable scheme, the mixed acid is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: (0.5-2).
As a preferable scheme, the mixed acid is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, and preparing the composition.
Preferably, the surfactant is glycol laurate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the capacitor diaphragm, which comprises the following steps:
s11, uniformly mixing polyacrylonitrile powder and N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a spinning solution, and performing electrostatic spinning to prevent the polyacrylonitrile fiber membrane;
s12, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers, asbestos fibers and deionized water into a pulping machine for treatment to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s13, adding attapulgite, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, glass fiber, silica sol, modified carbon fiber, azelaic acid ester, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, barium titanate, sodium octyl sulfonate and vinyl trimethoxy silane into the fiber mixed solution, uniformly stirring to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a paper machine by adopting a wet forming process, dewatering and forming through a net part and a pressing part, drying, and obtaining the non-woven fabric base fabric by a hot press forming machine;
and S14, covering a polyacrylonitrile fiber film on the non-woven fabric base cloth, carrying out hot-press combination, cooling and shearing to obtain the capacitor diaphragm.
As a preferable scheme, the conditions of the electrostatic spinning are as follows: the spinning temperature is 32-38 ℃, the spinning voltage is 15-20 kv, the receiving distance is 17-22 cm, the ambient humidity is 45-50%, and the flow rate is 0.7-1 mL/h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the capacitor diaphragm has good strength and heat transfer performance, and can better dissipate heat; (2) the strength and the heat transfer performance are improved by adding the modified carbon fiber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The capacitor diaphragm is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 25 parts of asbestos fiber, 10 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 65 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 10 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 5 parts of glass fiber, 4 parts of silica sol, 4 parts of modified carbon fiber, 2 parts of azelaic acid ester, 1.8 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5 parts of barium titanate, 1 part of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.7 part of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 100 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 8 parts of carbon fibers into 22 parts of degumming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a carbon fiber dispersion liquid; the degumming agent is prepared from acetone and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s2, adding 5 parts of carbon nanotubes into 25 parts of mixed acid, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid; the mixed acid is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s3, adding the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid into the carbon fiber dispersion liquid, adding 0.8 part of glycol laurate, 0.1 part of silane coupling agent KH550 and 1 part of polysilazane, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at 500W, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain modified carbon fibers;
the parts are all parts by weight.
The preparation method of the capacitor diaphragm comprises the following steps:
s11, uniformly mixing polyacrylonitrile powder and N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a spinning solution, and performing electrostatic spinning to prevent the polyacrylonitrile fiber membrane; the electrostatic spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 35 ℃, the spinning voltage is 18kv, the receiving distance is 20cm, the ambient humidity is 48%, and the flow rate is 0.8 mL/h.
S12, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers, asbestos fibers and deionized water into a pulping machine for treatment to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s13, adding attapulgite, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, glass fiber, silica sol, modified carbon fiber, azelaic acid ester, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, barium titanate, sodium octyl sulfonate and vinyl trimethoxy silane into the fiber mixed solution, uniformly stirring to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a paper machine by adopting a wet forming process, dewatering and forming through a net part and a pressing part, drying, and obtaining the non-woven fabric base fabric by a hot press forming machine;
and S14, covering a polyacrylonitrile fiber film on the non-woven fabric base cloth, carrying out hot-press combination, cooling and shearing to obtain the capacitor diaphragm.
Example 2
A capacitor diaphragm is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 24 parts of asbestos fiber, 8 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 60 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 8 parts of attapulgite, 6 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 4 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of silica sol, 2 parts of modified carbon fiber, 1 part of azelaic acid ester, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1 part of barium titanate, 0.8 part of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.5 part of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 90 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 8 parts of carbon fibers into 22 parts of degumming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a carbon fiber dispersion liquid; the degumming agent is prepared from acetone and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s2, adding 5 parts of carbon nanotubes into 25 parts of mixed acid, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid; the mixed acid is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s3, adding the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid into the carbon fiber dispersion liquid, adding 0.8 part of glycol laurate, 0.1 part of silane coupling agent KH550 and 1 part of polysilazane, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at 500W, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain modified carbon fibers;
the parts are all parts by weight.
The preparation method of the capacitor diaphragm comprises the following steps:
s11, uniformly mixing polyacrylonitrile powder and N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a spinning solution, and performing electrostatic spinning to prevent the polyacrylonitrile fiber membrane; the electrostatic spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 35 ℃, the spinning voltage is 18kv, the receiving distance is 20cm, the ambient humidity is 48%, and the flow rate is 0.8 mL/h.
S12, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers, asbestos fibers and deionized water into a pulping machine for treatment to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s13, adding attapulgite, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, glass fiber, silica sol, modified carbon fiber, azelaic acid ester, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, barium titanate, sodium octyl sulfonate and vinyl trimethoxy silane into the fiber mixed solution, uniformly stirring to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a paper machine by adopting a wet forming process, dewatering and forming through a net part and a pressing part, drying, and obtaining the non-woven fabric base fabric by a hot press forming machine;
and S14, covering a polyacrylonitrile fiber film on the non-woven fabric base cloth, carrying out hot-press combination, cooling and shearing to obtain the capacitor diaphragm.
Example 3
A capacitor diaphragm is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 30 parts of asbestos fiber, 12 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 68 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 12 parts of attapulgite, 10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 8 parts of glass fiber, 6 parts of silica sol, 4 parts of modified carbon fiber, 4 parts of azelaic acid ester, 3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2 parts of barium titanate, 2 parts of sodium octyl sulfonate, 1.5 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 105 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 8 parts of carbon fibers into 22 parts of degumming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a carbon fiber dispersion liquid; the degumming agent is prepared from acetone and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s2, adding 5 parts of carbon nanotubes into 25 parts of mixed acid, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid; the mixed acid is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s3, adding the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid into the carbon fiber dispersion liquid, adding 0.8 part of glycol laurate, 0.1 part of silane coupling agent KH550 and 1 part of polysilazane, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at 500W, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain modified carbon fibers;
the parts are all parts by weight.
The preparation method of the capacitor diaphragm comprises the following steps:
s11, uniformly mixing polyacrylonitrile powder and N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a spinning solution, and performing electrostatic spinning to prevent the polyacrylonitrile fiber membrane; the electrostatic spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 35 ℃, the spinning voltage is 18kv, the receiving distance is 20cm, the ambient humidity is 48%, and the flow rate is 0.8 mL/h.
S12, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers, asbestos fibers and deionized water into a pulping machine for treatment to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s13, adding attapulgite, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, glass fiber, silica sol, modified carbon fiber, azelaic acid ester, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, barium titanate, sodium octyl sulfonate and vinyl trimethoxy silane into the fiber mixed solution, uniformly stirring to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a paper machine by adopting a wet forming process, dewatering and forming through a net part and a pressing part, drying, and obtaining the non-woven fabric base fabric by a hot press forming machine;
and S14, covering a polyacrylonitrile fiber film on the non-woven fabric base cloth, carrying out hot-press combination, cooling and shearing to obtain the capacitor diaphragm.
Example 4
A capacitor diaphragm is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 24 parts of asbestos fiber, 9 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 62 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 9 parts of attapulgite, 7 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 4 parts of glass fiber, 2 parts of silica sol, 2 parts of modified carbon fiber, 1 part of azelaic acid ester, 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.2 parts of barium titanate, 0.8 part of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.5 part of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 95 parts of deionized water.
The preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 8 parts of carbon fibers into 22 parts of degumming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a carbon fiber dispersion liquid; the degumming agent is prepared from acetone and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s2, adding 5 parts of carbon nanotubes into 25 parts of mixed acid, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid; the mixed acid is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s3, adding the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid into the carbon fiber dispersion liquid, adding 0.8 part of glycol laurate, 0.1 part of silane coupling agent KH550 and 1 part of polysilazane, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at 500W, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain modified carbon fibers;
the parts are all parts by weight.
The preparation method of the capacitor diaphragm comprises the following steps:
s11, uniformly mixing polyacrylonitrile powder and N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a spinning solution, and performing electrostatic spinning to prevent the polyacrylonitrile fiber membrane; the electrostatic spinning conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 35 ℃, the spinning voltage is 18kv, the receiving distance is 20cm, the ambient humidity is 48%, and the flow rate is 0.8 mL/h.
S12, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers, asbestos fibers and deionized water into a pulping machine for treatment to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s13, adding attapulgite, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, glass fiber, silica sol, modified carbon fiber, azelaic acid ester, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, barium titanate, sodium octyl sulfonate and vinyl trimethoxy silane into the fiber mixed solution, uniformly stirring to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a paper machine by adopting a wet forming process, dewatering and forming through a net part and a pressing part, drying, and obtaining the non-woven fabric base fabric by a hot press forming machine;
and S14, covering a polyacrylonitrile fiber film on the non-woven fabric base cloth, carrying out hot-press combination, cooling and shearing to obtain the capacitor diaphragm.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that comparative example 1 does not contain the modified carbon fiber, and the other is the same.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is different from example 1 in that comparative example 2 replaces the modified carbon fiber with the same amount of carbon fiber, and the others are the same.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is different from example 1 in that comparative example 3 replaces the modified carbon fiber with the same amount of carbon nanotubes, and the others are the same.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is different from example 1 in that the modified carbon fiber described in comparative example 4 is prepared by the same method as example 1.
The preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding carbon nanotubes into carbon fibers, adding 0.8 part of ethylene glycol laurate, 0.1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, 1 part of polysilazane, performing ultrasonic treatment at 500W for 30min, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain modified carbon fibers;
the parts are all parts by weight.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 is different from example 1 in that the modified carbon fiber described in comparative example 5 is prepared by the same method as example 1.
The preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 8 parts of carbon fibers into 22 parts of degumming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a carbon fiber dispersion liquid; the degumming agent is prepared from acetone and tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s2, adding 5 parts of carbon nanotubes into 25 parts of mixed acid, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube dispersion liquid; the mixed acid is prepared from concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, preparing;
s3, adding the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid into the carbon fiber dispersion liquid, adding 0.1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, performing ultrasonic treatment at 500W for 30min, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain modified carbon fibers;
the parts are all parts by weight.
To further demonstrate the effect of the present invention, the following test methods were provided:
1. the thermal conductivity was measured using a C-THERM TCI thermal conductivity measuring instrument, and the results are shown in Table 1.
2. The separator was cut into a size of 1 × 15cm by a cutter, the separator was stretched at a stretching speed of 50 mm/min in the vertical direction by an instron3367 material testing machine, the tensile force at the time of breaking was measured, the measurement was performed 3 times, the average value was obtained, and the tensile strength of the separator was defined as the value, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 test results
Thermal conductivity (W/(m X K)) Tensile Strength (N/m)
Example 1 29.8 1958.6
Example 2 28.6 1878.3
Example 3 29.0 1907.1
Example 4 28.9 1883.8
Comparative example 1 13.7 910.5
Comparative example 2 19.8 1315.7
Comparative example 3 18.6 1228.9
Comparative example 4 23.5 1540.6
Comparative example 5 22.9 1501.3
As can be seen from table 1, the capacitor separator according to the present invention has good strength and heat transfer properties.
As can be seen from comparison of examples 1-4, different raw material ratios can affect the strength and heat transfer performance of the capacitor diaphragm, wherein example 1 is the best ratio.
As can be seen from comparison of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3, the modified carbon fiber of the present invention can significantly improve strength and heat transfer performance compared to the individual carbon fiber and carbon nanotube.
It can be seen from the comparison of example 1 with comparative examples 4 and 5 that the modified carbon fiber prepared by the method of the present invention has better strength and heat transfer performance, and if the preparation method is replaced, the strength and heat transfer performance are significantly reduced.
In light of the foregoing description of preferred embodiments according to the invention, it is clear that many changes and modifications can be made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. The capacitor diaphragm is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 24-30 parts of asbestos fiber, 8-12 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 60-68 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 8-12 parts of attapulgite, 6-10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 4-8 parts of glass fiber, 2-6 parts of silica sol, 2-6 parts of modified carbon fiber, 1-4 parts of azelaic acid ester, 1-3 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1-2 parts of barium titanate, 0.8-2 parts of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.5-1.5 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 90-105 parts of deionized water;
the preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 5-10 parts of carbon fibers into 20-30 parts of degumming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a carbon fiber dispersion liquid;
s2, adding 2-6 parts of carbon nano tube into 20-30 parts of mixed acid, uniformly stirring, filtering and drying to obtain a carbon nano tube dispersion liquid;
s3, adding the carbon nanotube dispersion liquid into the carbon fiber dispersion liquid, adding 0.5-1 part of surfactant, 0.05-0.15 part of silane coupling agent KH550, 0.8-1.2 parts of polysilazane, and performing ultrasonic treatment at 400-700W for 20-40 min, uniformly stirring, filtering, and drying to obtain modified carbon fibers;
the parts are all parts by weight.
2. The capacitor diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the capacitor diaphragm is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32-36 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 24-28 parts of asbestos fiber, 9-12 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 62-68 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 9-12 parts of attapulgite, 7-10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 4-7 parts of glass fiber, 2-5 parts of silica sol, 2-5 parts of modified carbon fiber, 1-3 parts of azelaic acid ester, 1-2.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.2-2 parts of barium titanate, 0.8-1.5 parts of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.5-1.2 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 95-105 parts of deionized water.
3. The capacitor diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the capacitor diaphragm is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 25 parts of asbestos fiber, 10 parts of polyacrylonitrile powder, 65 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 10 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, 5 parts of glass fiber, 4 parts of silica sol, 4 parts of modified carbon fiber, 2 parts of azelaic acid ester, 1.8 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1.5 parts of barium titanate, 1 part of sodium octyl sulfonate, 0.7 part of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 100 parts of deionized water.
4. The capacitor separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degelling agent is formed from acetone, tetrahydrofuran in a weight ratio of 1: (0.5-2).
5. The capacitor separator according to claim 1, wherein the mixed acid is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid in a weight ratio of 1: (0.5-2).
6. The capacitor separator according to claim 1, wherein the mixed acid is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid in a weight ratio of 1: 1, and preparing the composition.
7. The capacitor separator of claim 1, wherein the surfactant is ethylene laurate.
8. The method for preparing the capacitor separator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s11, uniformly mixing polyacrylonitrile powder and N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a spinning solution, and spinning into a polyacrylonitrile fiber membrane through electrostatic spinning;
s12, adding polyvinyl alcohol fibers, asbestos fibers and deionized water into a pulping machine for treatment to obtain a fiber mixed solution;
s13, adding attapulgite, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, glass fiber, silica sol, modified carbon fiber, azelaic acid ester, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, barium titanate, sodium octyl sulfonate and vinyl trimethoxy silane into the fiber mixed solution, uniformly stirring to obtain slurry, feeding the slurry into a paper machine by adopting a wet forming process, dewatering and forming through a net part and a pressing part, drying, and obtaining the non-woven fabric base fabric by a hot press forming machine;
and S14, covering a polyacrylonitrile fiber film on the non-woven fabric base cloth, carrying out hot-press combination, cooling and shearing to obtain the capacitor diaphragm.
9. The method for preparing a capacitor separator according to claim 8, wherein the electrospinning conditions are as follows: the spinning temperature is 32-38 ℃, the spinning voltage is 15-20 kv, the receiving distance is 17-22 cm, the ambient humidity is 45-50%, and the flow rate is 0.7-1 mL/h.
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