CN1129691C - Process for manufacturing frames for civil engineering works - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing frames for civil engineering works Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1129691C CN1129691C CN98107364A CN98107364A CN1129691C CN 1129691 C CN1129691 C CN 1129691C CN 98107364 A CN98107364 A CN 98107364A CN 98107364 A CN98107364 A CN 98107364A CN 1129691 C CN1129691 C CN 1129691C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- framework
- banding substrate
- resin
- impregnation
- junction surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Revetment (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invnetion is to provide a method of manufacturing a frame for earth work, which is excellent in self-support, pliability, draining property, prevented from being slipped down from the slop by weight of rainwater and can be laid easily. The joint parts of the band-like base materials are joined to each other by both a sewing yarn and an adhesive, and the band-like base materials are impregnated with impregnation resin, in order to make them excellent in self-support, pliability, draining property. The band-like base materials are impregnated with 10 g/m<2> to 50 g/m<2> of impregnation resin, which is thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin.
Description
The present invention relates to the manufacture method of frames for civil engineering works, this framework is used for as the domatic lining material of cutting the earth such as slope greening basis, embanking project, particularly a kind of manufacture method that has after independence, flexibility, water permeability, the laying not the frames for civil engineering works that can be fallen from domatic upper punch by rainwater.
In the prior art, when carrying out slope greening Foundation Design or embanking project etc., with framework for example with deployed condition such as cellular be laid on domatic on, after land used anchors etc. are fixed on domatic going up with this framework, backfill forms lining again, comes lining cutting domatic like this, plays booster action.
The form that this framework for example has Japanese kokai publication sho 56-16730 communique to disclose.This framework is to form like this, promptly, the rigidity that will have the degree of being able to support oneself, flexible, the water resistance of available hand degree of crook and the flat board of durability cut into the width of regulation, with energy such as plastic wire or wire lath permeable parts several above-mentioned plate stacks that cut off are lumped together, and alternately engage with certain interval, form continuous tetragonal mesh upon deployment.
This framework is used for slope greening Foundation Design etc., with deployed condition be laid on domatic on, the land used anchor is fixed on after domatic go up backfill again, it is domatic to form lining cutting.
But, the framework that is used for slope greening Foundation Design, embanking project, be laid domatic on how much understand that some is concavo-convex, easy like this framework and domatic between produce the gap, and be difficult to make it to lay, connect airtight domatic concavo-convex on, be a problem in the construction.
In addition, after laying, want backfill and roll, so this framework must have the independence that can keep its shape when banketing, in addition, also must have certain rigid, so that can stand to banket the time or the impact in when rolling, in addition, also must have and freely to comply with domatic concavo-convex flexibility.
Existing plastic wire or wire lath, though itself has flexibility, if need not stake or hammer drill its each intersection point be fixed on domatic just going up be not able to support oneself, so application property is very bad.
That is, existing framework, itself does not possess the independence that is suitable for ground works.In addition, existing framework, owing to adopt plastic wire, wire lath etc., its joint method adopts heat to fuse, weld or connects with connection fittings, so be not easy to improve productivity.
Shortcoming at existing this plastic wire or wire lath, the special fair 6-57949 communique of Japan has proposed a kind of framework, this framework is that several are overlapping with the banding substrate that paper, nonwoven, cloth etc. constitute, and the banding substrate that will produce continuous polygon mesh chamber is upon deployment fitted each other partly, and the resin of whole banding substrate impregnation thermoplastic resin etc. is formed.
This framework with paper, nonwoven, cloth etc. as base material, and whole impregnation thermoplastic resin etc. contain resin pickup, so, have necessary flexibility of the framework of using as ground works and independence, and when engaging, do not need that heat fuses, welding, connection fittings etc., the productivity height.
This framework is owing to make banding substrate impregnation thermoplastic resin, though can keep the independence and the flexibility of framework, water permeability is short of, therefore, after construction, it is indoor that rainwater accumulates in cellular polygon mesh, cause weight to increase, easily from domatic upward landing.
In addition, framework contains and is impregnated with thermoplastic resin, keeps suitable rigidity, so, when on shoveling face etc. domatic, laying, be not easy and be the domatic of male and fomale(M﹠F) and connect airtight, and domatic between produce the gap, be not easy to lay.
Japanese kokai publication sho 61-171334 communique discloses the manufacture method of frames for civil engineering works, in the method, it is by making several overlapping by the banding substrate that paper, nonwoven or cloth constitute, and this banding substrate is engaged to each other partly, form a plurality of polygonal meshes chamber upon deployment, and make above-mentioned banding substrate contain resin pickup, order to close with staple and state the junction surface or engage above-mentioned junction surface by bonding agent.Close when stating the junction surface but order with staple as described above, because staple is the spicule of hard, therefore order partly when closing the banding substrate that constitutes by soft, flexible paper, nonwoven or cloth by it, when to this frames for civil engineering works input soil and when carrying out spreading, because the impact that produces and produce in the above-mentioned portion of closing that orders that stress is concentrated to cause fracture at that time.And, though disclosing, the manufacture method of this frames for civil engineering works make above-mentioned banding substrate contain resin pickup, contain resin pickup when too small at it, the banding substrate rigidity is little, can not guarantee independence, when too high, the water permeability of banding substrate is low and can not obtain sufficient drain function.
The present invention makes in view of the above problems, its purpose is to provide a kind of manufacture method of frames for civil engineering works, and the framework of this method manufacturing has independence, flexibility and water permeability, can prevent after the laying that weight because of rainwater is from domatic landing, and the laying effect is also easy.
The manufacture method of frames for civil engineering works of the present invention, to engage partly each other by the banding substrate that paper, nonwoven or cloth are made with suture or suture and bonding agent, and make the banding substrate impregnation contain resin pickup, so that it has independence, flexibility and water permeability.
Make basic shape base material impregnation 10g/m
2～50g/m
2Amount contain resin pickup.
Making the resin pickup that contains of banding substrate impregnation is thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin.
Fig. 1 (a) is the partial plan layout of one of framework of the present invention example, and Fig. 1 (b) is the plan view of state before the expression framework is launched.
Fig. 2 is another routine partial plan layout of framework of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another routine partial plan layout of framework of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is another routine partial plan layout of framework of the present invention.
To be expression be used for partial plan layout when domatic with the present invention's framework to Fig. 5.
The following describes embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represent one embodiment of the invention.Frames for civil engineering works 1 (hereinafter referred to as framework 1) is as constitute followingly.Promptly, make the banding substrate 2 of Rack with paper, nonwoven or cloth etc., several these banding substrates 2 are overlapping, with banding substrate 2 each other junction surface 3 usefulness sutures or engage with suture and bonding agent, upon deployment, the expansion portion 4 that the junction surface is 3,3 is drawn back towards expansion direction, becomes Fig. 1 (a), polygon shown in Figure 2, and for example forming a plurality of length of sides is the hexagon mesh chamber 5 of W.
If the impregnation quantity not sufficient 10g/m that contains resin pickup of expansion portion 4
2, then rigidity is little, can not guarantee sufficient independence.If surpass 50g/m
2, then water permeability is low, can not get enough drain functions, at 10g/m
2～50g/m
2In the scope, can have independence, flexibility and water permeability (K＞10
-1Cm/s).
Only junction surface 3 is engaged or junction surface 3 is engaged, can make expansion portion 4 and junction surface 3 both sides all keep water permeability, can not only securely junction surface 3 be joined together, and save bonding agent with suture and bonding agent with suture.
The method that forms framework 1 is as follows.Promptly, make banding substrate 2 with paper, nonwoven or cloth, several these banding substrates 2 are overlapping, with suture 6 junction surface 3 is joined together (see figure 2) respectively, use bonding agent bonding again after perhaps engaging, after the formation framework 1, make junction surface 3 and expansion portion 4 impregnation thermoplastic resins with suture 6, make revetment 1 keep independence and flexibility, and also keep water permeability.In addition, can double as be the adhesives of glue joins 3 also as the thermoplastic resin that contains resin pickup.
When adopting the thermosetting resin conduct to contain resin pickup, be after forming framework 1, make junction surface 3 and expansion portion 4 impregnation thermosetting resins, again framework 1 is remained deployed condition, implement to solidify processing with electron ray or ultraviolet ray irradiation, like this, make framework 1 keep independence and flexibility, also keep water permeability.This thermosetting resin also can dual-purpose as the bonding agent at junction surface 3.
When adopting the thermoplastic resin conduct to contain resin pickup, available polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride etc., when adopting the thermosetting resin conduct to contain resin pickup, available phenolic resins, epoxy resin etc.
The size of framework 1 desired hot strength, bending stiffness, mesh chamber 5, the height D of framework 1 etc., very big difference is arranged because of the construction state is different, but the operation aspect during from raw-material characteristic aspect and from construction is considered, highly (width of banding substrate 2) is preferably 5～10cm, the length of side W of mesh chamber 5 is preferably 5～20cm, the width of a framework 1 is preferably 40～150cm, and length is preferably 1～5m, and the thickness of banding substrate 2 is preferably 0.1～2mm.
Below, expression uses the hardboard paper of thickness 1mm as banding substrate 2, one of method of manufacturing framework example.
1.. on standard-sized hardboard paper, fold folding line with required width.
2.. every 4 folding lines, 3 adhesive-applyings at the junction surface, several these cardboard laths ground that alternately staggers is overlapping, make to form hexagon mesh chamber 5 upon deployment, after with suture junction surface 3 being engaged simultaneously, extruding and glue joins 3.
3.. cut off with Rack, form the framework 1 of not impregnation.
4.. at the overlapping state of several this framework 1, make junction surface 3 and expansion portion 4 vacuum impregnation unsaturated polyester resins respectively.At this moment, the unsaturated polyester resin that junction surface 3 vacuum impregnations are fully measured makes the 4 vacuum impregnation 10g/m of expansion portion
2～50g/m
2The unsaturated polyester resin of amount.
5.. this framework 1 by the pressure roller extruding, is perhaps pressurizeed with dull and stereotyped forcing press under the overlapping state of multilayer, remove unnecessary resin.This framework placement after one day, is become hand and touches dry state, processing is thereafter become easily, the machined surface of framework 1 might as well simultaneously.
6.. with impregnation the framework 1 behind the resin launch, and make it to remain on the anchor clamps, heat a few minutes with hot-blast stove, treat that its sclerosis back unloads from anchor clamps, just finished framework 1.
In addition, operation 1.-6. in, also can in advance hardboard paper be cut into the width of regulation and form banding substrate 2, again this banding substrate 2 every interval width W are folded folding line, on the face of 4 folding lines, adhesive-applying on junction surface 3 alternately staggers several these banding substrates 2 overlapping, after with suture junction surface 3 being engaged, it is bonding to pressurize again.
In addition, as making junction surface 3 and expansion portion 4 contain the method for resin pickup, for example, also can make expansion portion 4 and junction surface 3 both sides all impregnation 10g/m
2～50g/m
2Amount contain resin pickup after, touch expansion portion 4 with adhesive tape etc., at the state that it is covered, make junction surface 3 contain resin pickup more carefully.
Perhaps, also can touch expansion portion 4 with adhesive tape etc. earlier, under the state that it is covered, make junction surface 3 contain resin pickup carefully after, remove the cover of expansion portion 4 again, make the expansion portion 4 thin resin of impregnation at short notice, make extension section 4 impregnation 10g/m
2～50g/m
2Amount contain resin pickup.
In addition,, except vacuum impregnation, also can implement impregnation, perhaps implement impregnation with coating with common dipping as making junction surface 3 and expansion portion 4 contain the method for resin pickup.
In addition, containing resin pickup also can impregnation again after the shape that has formed framework 1 by joint banding substrate 2.Perhaps, make hardboard paper under standard-sized state, carry out impregnation, perhaps make the hardboard paper impregnation that cuts into Rack.Place after one day, make the unnecessary resin pickup that contains become hand and touch to engage under the dry state and adhere to, form framework 1.
The method of glue joins 3 when adopting thermoplastic resin when containing resin pickup, can adopt in banding substrate 2 impregnations behind the resin, and junction surface 3 pressurizations are made its close attachment, the method for heating again.
If when the curing of carrying out thermosetting resin with the electronics radiation exposure is handled, solidify and handle and can in seconds finish, when banding substrate 2 is thin shape material such as kraft or nonwoven, also can be with the ultraviolet ray irradiation.When using uv curing resin, also the framework 1 of not implementing to solidify processing can be launched on domatic, be shone with the ultraviolet ray of daylight and make its spontaneous curing.
Fig. 3 represents another embodiment of the present invention.Framework 1 is as constitute followingly.Promptly, several banding substrates 2 are placed with extending in parallel, between adjacent banding substrate 2,2, be to dispose staggeredly and connect base material 7, and its two ends are sewn on the banding substrate 2 with suture, perhaps its two ends are bonded on the banding substrate 2 with suture and bonding agent, form a plurality of meshes chamber 5 when thus, being laid on domatic going up.In addition, make the resin pickup that contains that banding substrate 2 and junction surface 3 impregnations that are connected base material 7 fully measure, make the extending part 4 impregnation 10g/m except that it
2～50g/m
2Amount contain resin pickup.
This framework 1 is born the weight that is filled in the soil in the mesh chamber 5 by connecting base material 7, and banding substrate 2 can be warded off this loading as tensile load.In addition, come off even connect the bonding of base material 7, whole framework 1 can be out of shape yet, and is configuration alternately owing to connect base material 7, so the domatic conformability with on the shoveling face of being routed to the time is good.
Fig. 4 represents another embodiment of the present invention.Framework 1 is as constitute followingly.That is, between adjacent banding substrate 2,2, will connect base material 7 and be configured on the same line, form tetragonal mesh chamber 5.Connect base material 7 by disposing in this wise, the rigidity of framework 1 is increased, therefore, in the time of in being routed to fill, can use the framework 1 that constitutes by thin ribbon shaped base material 2.
Embodiment 4
Below, the example that framework of the present invention is used for slope greening is described with reference to Fig. 5.Fig. 5 is a domatic stereogram of implementing the slope greening engineering with framework of the present invention.Label 8 expression shoveling faces, 9 expression fills, 10 expression fills are domatic, 11 expression roads.
Framework 1 is laid on respectively in shoveling face 8 and the fill domatic 9, and framework 1 is by metal or plastic being anchored on domatic upward (figure does not show).For example, when laying the framework 1 of band hexagon mesh shown in Figure 1 chamber 5, hexagonal apex is fixed with anchoring.
Adjacent framework 1 engages adjacent banding substrate 2 with suture each other, perhaps with joints such as staples, perhaps uses bonding agent bonding, and they are linked into an integrated entity.
For Fig. 3 and framework 1 shown in Figure 4, as long as with banding substrate 2 be connected base material limits 7 overlapping, joint and lay towards domatic longitudinal direction ground.When laying like this, can form with wide face bondingly, bear the rational structure of the stretching force that affacts on the framework by becoming limit two layers, that stretch-draw intensity is big.
In this wise framework 1 is routed to domatic on the whole after, in each mesh chamber 5 of framework 1, banket, the sowing or the soil that will be mixed with seed and fertilizer are filled out in the mesh chamber 5 with spreading cubic metre of earth formula etc. again, perhaps banket with vegetation bag method.When banketing, to note and framework 1 can not be pushed over.
The framework 1 of laying so still can keep its shape through the several years, so, by before careless topped, can prevent the outflow of banketing domatic.
Domatic afforestation project also can resemble and lay framework 1 the domatic afforestation project of cutting the earth though banket, but at this moment, with domatic the comparing of cutting the earth, usually gradient is slow, and domatic is concavo-convex few, so relatively be fit to adopt thin thickness, the framework that has quadrangle mesh chamber 5 shown in Figure 4 that flexural rigidity is big.
In addition, framework is not limited only to domatic framework, also can be laid on the riverbed, then, places cobble or concreting in mesh chamber 5, can reach the purpose that prevents that the riverbed from being washed away.In addition, on the basis of water pond or dike, lay the impermeability film, lay framework 1 more in the above, banket in the mesh chamber 5 and afforest, also can bring into play the water afforestation effect.
In addition, on roadbeds such as road or railway, lay framework 1, in mesh chamber 5, banket, can form the reinforcement that can bear the load that bankets ground.
The present invention has above-mentioned formation, owing to will form the banding substrate impregnation 10g/m of framework
2～50g/m
2Amount contain resin pickup, make it have independence, flexibility, water permeability, so, can fully stand to banket and impact when rolling to mesh is indoor, in addition, drain soon by banding substrate owing to be impregnated into the indoor rainwater of mesh, so framework can not come off from domatic because of weight increases.In addition, because framework has flexibility, thus good for domatic concavo-convex compliance, can follow closely with domatic, the laying operation is easy.
In addition, because the banding substrate junction surface each other of using suture or suture and bonding agent will form framework engages, so, can securely banding substrate be engaged with each other, not only intensity is extremely good, and can not need with bonding agent at the junction surface fully or can reduce bonding agent significantly, can not only save bonding agent significantly like this, and can keep expansion portion and junction surface both sides' water permeability, can improve drainage performance more.
Claims (3)
1. the manufacture method of frames for civil engineering works, it is by overlapping several banding substrates that are made of nonwoven or cloth and this banding substrate engaged to each other partly, extending part between the junction surface opens to direction of extension and forms to such an extent that have many polygonal meshes chamber upon deployment, and make above-mentioned banding substrate impregnation contain resin pickup, it is characterized in that, make above-mentioned banding substrate impregnation 10g/m
2～50g/m
2The conduct of amount contains the thermosetting resin or the thermoplastic resin of resin pickup, and, engage above-mentioned junction surface with suture or suture and bonding agent.
2. the manufacture method of frames for civil engineering works, it is provided with the banding substrate that is made of several nonwoven or cloth by extending abreast, the a plurality of connection base materials of configuration between this adjacent banding substrate, and join its both sides to above-mentioned banding substrate and form to such an extent that have many meshes chamber, and make above-mentioned banding substrate impregnation contain resin pickup, it is characterized in that, make above-mentioned banding substrate and be connected base material impregnation 10g/m
2～50g/m
2The conduct of amount contains the thermosetting resin or the thermoplastic resin of resin pickup, and engages above-mentioned banding substrate and the junction surface that is connected base material with suture or suture with bonding agent.
3. the manufacture method of frames for civil engineering works as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, connects base material and disposes alternately or be configured on the same line between adjacent banding substrate.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11081197A JPH10298998A (en) | 1997-04-28 | 1997-04-28 | Manufacture for frame for earth work |
| JP110811/97 | 1997-04-28 | ||
| JP110811/1997 | 1997-04-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1197873A CN1197873A (en) | 1998-11-04 |
| CN1129691C true CN1129691C (en) | 2003-12-03 |
Family
ID=14545269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98107364A Expired - Fee Related CN1129691C (en) | 1997-04-28 | 1998-04-27 | Process for manufacturing frames for civil engineering works |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10298998A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1129691C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100393933C (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2008-06-11 | 管昆明 | Gum dipping, stentering forming method of earthwork grid cloth |
| TW200801289A (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2008-01-01 | Ibiden Greentec Co Ltd | Grating crib works and the structure |
| CN106676763B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2020-02-07 | 宜兴市华恒高性能纤维织造有限公司 | Integrally-sewn honeycomb three-dimensional fabric and preparation method thereof |
| KR101879729B1 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-19 | (주)에코블록 | Non Woven Fabric Type Vegetation Partition Wire Net and Afforesting Method using thereof |
| CN114753562A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-15 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Plane grid prestressed sheet and reinforcing method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5616730A (en) * | 1979-02-24 | 1981-02-18 | Kiyoshi Yamamoto | Filling soil material for slope face and application of the same |
| JPS61171334A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1986-08-02 | アースニクス株式会社 | Manufacture of frame material for civil work |
| JPS63197723A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1988-08-16 | Suroopu Kenzai Kk | Vegetative block |
| JPS6439420A (en) * | 1987-08-04 | 1989-02-09 | Kuraray Co | Plantation slope frame |
| JPH0959969A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1997-03-04 | Katsuyuki Saitou | Soil-sand layer reinforcing body |
-
1997
- 1997-04-28 JP JP11081197A patent/JPH10298998A/en active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-04-27 CN CN98107364A patent/CN1129691C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5616730A (en) * | 1979-02-24 | 1981-02-18 | Kiyoshi Yamamoto | Filling soil material for slope face and application of the same |
| JPS61171334A (en) * | 1985-09-27 | 1986-08-02 | アースニクス株式会社 | Manufacture of frame material for civil work |
| JPS63197723A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1988-08-16 | Suroopu Kenzai Kk | Vegetative block |
| JPS6439420A (en) * | 1987-08-04 | 1989-02-09 | Kuraray Co | Plantation slope frame |
| JPH0959969A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1997-03-04 | Katsuyuki Saitou | Soil-sand layer reinforcing body |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10298998A (en) | 1998-11-10 |
| CN1197873A (en) | 1998-11-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20200376806A1 (en) | Cementitious composite mat | |
| JPS59500102A (en) | Method of manufacturing drainage equipment | |
| CN1129691C (en) | Process for manufacturing frames for civil engineering works | |
| JP4679271B2 (en) | Reinforced slope surface forming material and reinforced slope surface forming method | |
| KR100731759B1 (en) | Planting mat for using a naturally degradable material | |
| JP2791615B2 (en) | Tunnel covering drainage material | |
| JP6717525B2 (en) | Slope protection tool and its moisture-proof method and slope protection method | |
| JP3325170B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of earthwork frame | |
| KR200424409Y1 (en) | Planting Mat for using a naturally degradable Material | |
| JP3172701B2 (en) | Earthwork frame and construction method | |
| CN212332052U (en) | Root-resistant modified waterproof coiled material | |
| RU2118425C1 (en) | Non-wettable protective layer and method of its making | |
| JP7346033B2 (en) | Resin sheet for block mats, block mats, and method for manufacturing block mats | |
| JP4331880B2 (en) | Three-dimensional network and method for producing the same | |
| JP3361931B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of natural stone holding unit | |
| KR102644848B1 (en) | Weed control walk mat and its construction method | |
| JP4096074B2 (en) | Tarpaulin | |
| JPS582829Y2 (en) | tile panel | |
| EP0676507B1 (en) | Liquid-repellant covering layer and method for the manufacture of such covering layer | |
| JPH06341124A (en) | Cut-off material | |
| JPS61171334A (en) | Manufacture of frame material for civil work | |
| JPS60208518A (en) | Greens-planting work on slope surface | |
| JP2006207289A (en) | Tail seal brush in shield machine | |
| JPS6192218A (en) | Banking method employing form material | |
| KR0180099B1 (en) | Construction of retaining wall |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20031203 Termination date: 20120427 |