CN112966549A - Rapid red line dividing method for functional partition of natural protection area - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fast red line marking method for a functional partition of a natural protection area, and belongs to the technical field of functional partitions of natural protection areas. The method comprises the steps of acquiring ground feature information of a remote sensing image, preprocessing, supervising and classifying, collecting and recording the ground feature information by adopting a positioning function of a GPS handset, carrying out spatial superposition analysis on the remote sensing image and ground measured data in ArcGIS, and delimiting control points and red lines of each functional area by combining related laws and regulations. The invention utilizes the space analysis capability of the GIS to superpose multilayer data layers such as remote sensing data, ground investigation data and the like, simulates multiple attributes of the areas, searches and determines the areas with multiple geographic attributes simultaneously, and reclassifies or grades polygons with different attributes generated after superposition, thereby improving the scientificity and reliability of the functional division of the natural protection area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional zoning of a natural protection zone, and particularly relates to a rapid marking method for a functional zoning red line of the natural protection zone.
Background
Forest resources are one of very important resources in social development, and the forest is used as an ecological system, is the main body of an ecological system on the earth surface, and plays an important role in adjusting climate, conserving water sources, maintaining water and soil, preventing wind and fixing sand, improving soil and other aspects of ecological protection efficiency. And the balance of the ecological circle on the earth surface is also maintained by the forest. However, in order to develop socioeconomic construction, natural resources are over-developed by human beings, ecosystems are continuously destroyed, and natural environments are increasingly deteriorated. Therefore, the construction of the reinforced natural protection area can effectively protect forest resources and protect various forest resources from being damaged by other factors. The number of natural protection areas is established and increased, so that the functions of forest resources in oxygen supply capacity, water resource purification and soil erosion prevention are enhanced. Furthermore, the forest resources strengthen the protection effect of species in the biological world, and more than ninety percent of animals and plants in the biological world are sheltered by the forest resources to be propagated and survive. From an objective point of view, the development and development of the forest natural conservation area have great influence on the life and production of the human society.
The functional division of the natural protection area is an effective way for improving the management and management level of the protection area, and is an important basic work for planning and constructing the protection area. However, how to scientifically and reasonably divide the functional area of the protection area is a very complicated problem. For a long time, the functional areas of natural protection areas in China are divided by adopting a man-made qualitative division method, subjective randomness is high, and scientific basis is lacked. In recent years, the rapid development of the remote sensing technology and the special technical characteristics of the remote sensing technology, such as macroscopic, rapid, dynamic and continuous, etc., enable the remote sensing technology to be widely applied to various fields. The remote sensing technology is combined with the functional division of the natural protected area, and the most intuitive, objective, macroscopic and accurate technical support can be provided for the functional division. However, the problem that the randomness of the partitioning method is large or effective data support is lacked often exists in the comprehensive analysis of the functional division of the natural protected area in the prior art, so that the accuracy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for quickly defining the red line of the functional partition of the natural protection area, which utilizes ground measured data to correct a remote sensing image, adopts ArcGIS software to establish a geographic information basic database of the protection area, utilizes spatial superposition comprehensive analysis and combines related laws and regulations to define the red line of the functional partition of the natural protection area, and improves the accuracy and the practicability of the red line definition.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a quick demarcation method for a functional partition red line of a natural protection area acquires and preprocesses and supervises and classifies the ground feature information of a remote sensing image, adopts a GPS handset positioning function to acquire and record the ground feature information, carries out spatial superposition analysis on the remote sensing image and ground measured data in ArcGIS, and demarcates control points and red lines of functional areas by combining related laws and regulations.
According to the rapid demarcation method of the red line of the functional partition of the natural protection area, ENVI software is adopted to preprocess remote sensing image data, and the preprocessing comprises radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, fusion and splicing of images; and performing supervision and classification through ENVI software, and dividing the supervision and classification into a feature judgment, a sample selection, a classifier selection and a classification result.
The quick demarcation method of the natural protection area function partition red line comprises the following steps of obtaining and inputting ground measured data:
(1) starting a track recording function in positioning setting by utilizing a GPS handset positioning function, recording information of a start point, a stop point, a turning point and a crossing point of a road in a motor vehicle-mounted GPS handset recording mode, and making remarks; recording road inflection points and longitude and latitude position information of animals and plants by using a positioning label tool and storing the information at a mobile equipment end;
(2) importing the data collected by the GPS handset into a computer terminal, finishing the information processing of the GPS signal and outputting the information into a CSV format file; reading the CSV format file by utilizing ArcGIS software, and converting the file into a shp format vector file;
(3) and re-classifying the recorded point and track information according to the remark information to generate a road information layer, a key protection plant information layer and a key protection animal information layer.
The quick demarcation method of the functional partition red line of the natural protection area is characterized in that a key protection plant distribution information layer is generated: screening out important protective plants according to 'national famous records of important protective wild plants', inputting species living types, quantity and investigation time information data of the important protective plants into a spatial data attribute table in a field mode, and generating an important protective plant distribution information map layer through ArcGIS two-dimensional visual expression.
The fast marking method of the functional partition red line of the natural protection area comprises the following steps of: screening important protection animals according to first-level and second-level important protection species of China, endangered animal species in IUCN red lists and animal species in CITES annex I, inputting the names, the number, protected grading information, longitude and latitude information of a birth and death position, duration, observation recording time and other information of the important protection animals into a spatial data attribute table in a field form, converting the data of the birth and death position of the protection animals into surface data through ArcGIS, and performing two-dimensional visual expression to generate an important protection animal distribution information map layer.
The quick demarcation method of the functional partition red line of the natural protection area is characterized in that the road inflection points refer to a road entrance and exit, a road turning point, a branch intersection and an intersection.
According to the method for quickly defining the functional division red line of the natural protection area, the living types of plants are arbors, shrubs and herbaceous plants.
According to the method for quickly defining the red line of the functional partition of the natural protection area, the remote sensing image and the ground measured data are subjected to spatial superposition analysis: loading a vector database obtained by inputting the remote sensing image and ground measured data into ArcGIS, selecting a plurality of groups of control points on the premise of a unified projection coordinate system, carrying out registration correction on the remote sensing image and the vector data, and converting image information after spatial superposition into a vector file; and finally merging the vector file transferred and stored by the remote sensing information and the vector data obtained by ground actual measurement and input.
According to the rapid demarcation method of the red line of the functional partition of the natural protection area, the red line of the functional partition of the natural protection area is demarcated into the red lines of a core area, a buffer area and an experimental area; the method comprises the steps of dividing a core region red line of a natural protection region according to distribution conditions of natural ecosystems and rare endangered wild animals and plants stored in the natural protection region, dividing a buffer region red line on the periphery of the core region for reducing interference of the outside on the core region, and dividing a natural protection region experimental region red line according to road information, main ground feature information, public appeal, leadership willingness, expert advice, traditional production, scientific experiments, propaganda and education, ecological tourism, management services and natural recovery requirements.
The fast demarcation method of the natural protection area function partition red line is characterized in that during supervision and classification, feature judgment refers to visual judgment of the type of ground objects on an image: roads, vegetation, buildings, water bodies and bare land; the sample selection refers to the steps of uniformly and discretely covering the whole protection area, wherein each type of sample is smaller than 1000 pixels, then Jeffries-Matusita is used for calculating the separability of the sample, and a Transformed diversity parameter is larger than 1.9 and belongs to a qualified sample; the parameter is less than 1.8, and the sample needs to be edited or reselected; if the parameter is less than 1, synthesizing the two types of samples into a first type of sample; the classifier selects a support vector machine for classification, and the classification result refers to five types of information of roads, vegetations, buildings, water bodies and bare land.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention utilizes ground measured data to correct remote sensing images, adopts ArcGIS software to establish a geographic information basic database of a protected area, utilizes space superposition comprehensive analysis and combines related laws and regulations to demarcate a functional subarea red line of a natural protected area, improves the red line delineation accuracy and the feasibility of implementation and provides reference for species protection of the protected area.
(2) The invention utilizes the space analysis capability of the GIS to superpose multilayer data layers such as remote sensing data, ground investigation data and the like, simulates multiple attributes of the areas, searches and determines the areas with multiple geographic attributes simultaneously, and reclassifies or grades polygons with different attributes generated after superposition, thereby improving the scientificity and reliability of the functional division of the natural protection area.
(3) The invention utilizes the ground collected data to carry out superposition analysis on the corrected remote sensing image, carries out secondary correction, improves the information interpretation precision of the remote sensing image, and further reduces the deviation of the function partition timing control point and the boundary line demarcation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for fast red line delineation of functional partitions of a natural protected area;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the obtained road information by interpreting the remote sensing image of the natural protected area;
FIG. 3 is a GPS-based road track and inflection point overlay;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a distribution of key protection plants in a natural protection area;
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of an important protected animal in a natural protected area;
fig. 6 is a red line drawing of the functional partition of the natural reserve area.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with examples are described in detail below.
Example 1
A quick demarcation method for a functional partition red line of a natural protection area is characterized in that an implementation area is positioned in the southwest of Xuzhou city of Jiangsu province, 34 degrees 12 '14' to 34 degrees 13 '12' of north latitude, 117 degrees 09 '01' to 117 degrees 09 '52' of east longitude, and the total area is 3.7km2The forest ecological system is mainly limestone mountain arborvitae forest ecological system, and the flow chart is shown in figure 1. The method comprises the steps of obtaining remote sensing image data, obtaining and inputting ground measured data, carrying out spatial superposition analysis on the remote sensing image and the ground measured data, and demarcating a functional partition red line of a natural protection area; the ground is used in the implementation processAnd measuring data and correcting the remote sensing image, establishing a geographic information basic database of the protected area by adopting ArcGIS software, and delimiting a functional subarea red line of the natural protected area by utilizing spatial superposition comprehensive analysis and combining related laws and regulations. The specific process is as follows:
and (3) acquiring high resolution one (GF-1) remote sensing image data, wherein the spatial resolution is 2m in full color, the multispectral is better than 8m, and the single star imaging width is more than 60 km, as shown in figure 2. Performing radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, orthorectification, image fusion and vegetation enhancement pretreatment on the obtained satellite remote sensing image of the protected area by using ENVI software, wherein the setting of basic information of the multispectral image atmospheric correction sensor comprises the following steps: the pixel size is 8m, the atmospheric model is Tropical, the aerosol model is Urban, the pixel size is set for multispectral orthorectification to be 8m, the pixel size is corrected for full-color image orthorectification to be 2m, and multispectral data and a full-color image are subjected to image fusion through an NNDiffuse Pan imaging tool. Vegetation enhancement selects medium intensity enhancement and outputs all band information. And the method is supervised and classified through ENVI software, and mainly comprises the steps of feature discrimination, sample selection, classifier selection and classification results, wherein the feature discrimination mainly comprises the following steps of visually discriminating the types of surface features on the images: roads, vegetation, buildings, water bodies and bare land; the method comprises the following steps of selecting samples, wherein the samples are uniformly and discretely selected to cover the whole protection area, the size of each type of sample is smaller than 1000 pixels, then calculating the separability of the samples by using Jeffries-Matusita, and a transformated diversity parameter larger than 1.9 indicates that the separability among the samples is good and the samples belong to qualified samples; less than 1.8, the sample needs to be edited or reselected; less than 1, consider combining the two types of samples into one type of sample; the classifier selects Support Vector Machine classification (Support Vector Machine), the Support Vector Machine classification can automatically search the Support Vector with large classification capability, the classifier is constructed, the interval between classes can be maximized, and therefore the method has good popularization and high classification accuracy. The classification result mainly comprises five types of information of roads, vegetations, buildings, water bodies and bare lands.
The ground measured data acquisition and entry, as shown in fig. 3-5, includes the following steps:
(1) starting a track recording function in positioning setting by utilizing a GPS handset positioning function, recording information of a start point, a stop point, a turning point and a crossing point of a road in a motor vehicle-mounted GPS handset recording mode, and making remarks; recording road inflection points and longitude and latitude position information of animals and plants by using a positioning label tool and storing the information at a mobile equipment end (figure 3); the road inflection point refers to a road entrance, a road turning point, a branch intersection and an intersection;
(2) importing the data collected by the GPS handset into a computer terminal, finishing the information processing of the GPS signal and outputting the information into a CSV format file; reading the CSV format file by utilizing ArcGIS software, and converting the file into a shp format vector file;
(3) converting the recorded point and track information into lines by utilizing an ArcGIS point set line-turning tool according to remark information to generate a road information layer, and generating a key protection plant information layer and a key protection animal information layer according to related laws and regulations;
wherein, the generation of the key protection plant distribution information layer: screening important protection plants according to 'national famous records of important protection wild plants', and inputting information such as species life types, quantity, investigation time and the like of the important protection plants in a field form (the information is obtained and recorded in a spatial data attribute table when animal and plant data are collected on the spot, and generating an important protection plant distribution information map layer (shown in figure 4) through ArcGIS two-dimensional visual expression;
and (3) generating a distribution information layer of the key protection animal: screening important protection animals according to first-level and second-level important protection species of China, endangered animal species in IUCN red lists, animal species in CITES annex I and the like, inputting information such as names, quantity, protected grading information, longitude and latitude information of a birth and death position, duration, observation recording time and the like of the important protection animals into a spatial data attribute table in a field form, converting the data of the birth and death positions of the protection animals into surface data through ArcGIS, and performing two-dimensional visual expression to generate a distribution information layer (shown in figure 5) of the important protection animals.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out spatial superposition analysis on a remote sensing image and ground measured data, loading a vector database obtained by inputting the remote sensing image and the ground measured data into ArcGIS, selecting 30 groups of control points of a uniform dispersion and protection area on the premise of a unified projection coordinate system, carrying out registration correction on the remote sensing image and the vector data, carrying out spatial superposition by using a Union tool, converting image information after the spatial superposition into a vector file, and finally merging the vector file for remote sensing information unloading and the vector data obtained by inputting the ground measured data by using a raster vector conversion tool.
And the red lines of the functional partitions of the natural protection area are defined, namely the red lines of the core area, the buffer area and the experimental area. According to the living types and distribution conditions of key protection plants, the activity range of key protection animals, the red line of the core area of the natural protection area is determined according to the laws and technical rules such as the environmental protection law of the people's republic of China, the regulations of the natural protection area of the people's republic of China, the management method of the natural protection area of forest and wild animal types, the general planning outline of the natural protection area of national level, the technical rules of functional division of the natural protection area (GB/T35822) 2018 and the like, the red line of the core area of the natural protection area is determined according to the distribution conditions of the natural ecosystem and rare endangered wild animals and plants in the natural protection area, the red line of the buffer area is determined at the periphery of the core area for relieving the interference of the core area from the outside, and the red line of the core area is determined according to the living types and distribution conditions of the key protection plants, the traditional production and the scientific experiment, Propagandizing education, ecological tourism, management service, natural restoration and the like, and defining a red line of a natural protection area experiment area (figure 6).
Claims (10)
1. A quick demarcation method for a functional partition red line of a natural protection area is characterized by acquiring and preprocessing ground feature information of a remote sensing image, supervising and classifying the ground feature information, acquiring and recording the ground feature information by adopting a positioning function of a GPS (global positioning system) handset, carrying out spatial superposition analysis on the remote sensing image and ground measured data in ArcGIS, and demarcating control points and red lines of each functional area by combining related laws and regulations.
2. The fast red line demarcation method for the functional partition of the natural protection area according to the claim 1, characterized in that ENVI software is adopted to preprocess the remote sensing image data, and the preprocessing comprises radiometric calibration, atmospheric correction, geometric correction, fusion and splicing of the image; and performing supervision and classification through ENVI software, and dividing the supervision and classification into a feature judgment, a sample selection, a classifier selection and a classification result.
3. The quick delineation method of the functional partition red line of the natural protection area according to claim 1, wherein the ground measured data acquisition and entry comprises the following steps:
(1) starting a track recording function in positioning setting by utilizing a GPS handset positioning function, recording information of a start point, a stop point, a turning point and a crossing point of a road in a motor vehicle-mounted GPS handset recording mode, and making remarks; recording road inflection points and longitude and latitude position information of animals and plants by using a positioning label tool and storing the information at a mobile equipment end;
(2) importing the data collected by the GPS handset into a computer terminal, finishing the information processing of the GPS signal and outputting the information into a CSV format file; reading the CSV format file by utilizing ArcGIS software, and converting the file into a shp format vector file;
(3) and re-classifying the recorded point and track information according to the remark information to generate a road information layer, a key protection plant information layer and a key protection animal information layer.
4. The method for rapidly demarcating the functional partition red line of the natural protection area according to claim 3, wherein the generation of the distribution information layer of the key protection plants is as follows: screening out important protective plants according to 'national famous records of important protective wild plants', inputting species living types, quantity and investigation time information data of the important protective plants into a spatial data attribute table in a field mode, and generating an important protective plant distribution information map layer through ArcGIS two-dimensional visual expression.
5. The fast red line marking method for the functional partition of the natural reserve according to claim 3, characterized in that the generation of the distribution information layer of the key reserve animal: screening important protection animals according to first-level and second-level important protection species of China, endangered animal species in IUCN red lists and animal species in CITES annex I, inputting the names, the number, protected grading information, longitude and latitude information of a birth and death position, duration, observation recording time and other information of the important protection animals into a spatial data attribute table in a field form, converting the data of the birth and death position of the protection animals into surface data through ArcGIS, and performing two-dimensional visual expression to generate an important protection animal distribution information map layer.
6. The method for rapidly demarcating a functional division red line of a natural protection area according to claim 3, wherein the inflection point of the road refers to an entrance/exit of the road, a turning point of the road, a branch intersection and an intersection.
7. The method for rapidly demarcating a functional division red line of a natural preservation area as claimed in claim 4, wherein the life type of the plant is arbor, shrub, herbaceous plant.
8. The method for rapidly demarcating the functional division red line of the natural reserve according to claim 1, wherein the remote sensing image and the ground measured data are subjected to spatial superposition analysis: loading a vector database obtained by inputting the remote sensing image and ground measured data into ArcGIS, selecting a plurality of groups of control points on the premise of a unified projection coordinate system, carrying out registration correction on the remote sensing image and the vector data, and converting image information after spatial superposition into a vector file; and finally merging the vector file transferred and stored by the remote sensing information and the vector data obtained by ground actual measurement and input.
9. The method for rapidly demarcating the functional partition red line of the natural protection area according to claim 1, wherein the functional partition red line of the natural protection area is demarcated into red lines of a core area, a buffer area and an experimental area; the method comprises the steps of dividing a core region red line of a natural protection region according to distribution conditions of natural ecosystems and rare endangered wild animals and plants stored in the natural protection region, dividing a buffer region red line on the periphery of the core region for reducing interference of the outside on the core region, and dividing a natural protection region experimental region red line according to road information, main ground feature information, public appeal, leadership willingness, expert advice, traditional production, scientific experiments, propaganda and education, ecological tourism, management services and natural recovery requirements.
10. The method for rapidly demarcating the functional division red line of the natural protection area according to claim 2, wherein the feature discrimination means visually discriminating the type of the ground object on the image when supervising the classification: roads, vegetation, buildings, water bodies and bare land; the sample selection refers to the steps of uniformly and discretely covering the whole protection area, wherein each type of sample is smaller than 1000 pixels, then Jeffries-Matusita is used for calculating the separability of the sample, and a Transformed diversity parameter is larger than 1.9 and belongs to a qualified sample; the parameter is less than 1.8, and the sample needs to be edited or reselected; if the parameter is less than 1, synthesizing the two types of samples into a first type of sample; the classifier selects a support vector machine for classification, and the classification result refers to five types of information of roads, vegetations, buildings, water bodies and bare land.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113610013A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-05 | 四川易方智慧科技有限公司 | Method for extracting building outline based on RGB (Red Green blue) wave bands of high-definition remote sensing image |
| CN114332646A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 陕西省林业科学院 | Method for zoning forest ecological function by using remote sensing technology |
| CN115330577A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-11 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Protection area region dividing method and device and electronic equipment |
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2021
- 2021-01-19 CN CN202110068726.9A patent/CN112966549A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113610013A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-05 | 四川易方智慧科技有限公司 | Method for extracting building outline based on RGB (Red Green blue) wave bands of high-definition remote sensing image |
| CN114332646A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 陕西省林业科学院 | Method for zoning forest ecological function by using remote sensing technology |
| CN114332646B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-06-11 | 陕西省林业科学院 | Method for carrying out forest ecological function division by utilizing remote sensing technology |
| CN115330577A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-11 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Protection area region dividing method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN115330577B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-07-21 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Region division method and device for protection region and electronic equipment |
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