CN112959136B - Porous efficient machining device in spoke groove of disc part and machining process of porous efficient machining device - Google Patents
Porous efficient machining device in spoke groove of disc part and machining process of porous efficient machining device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112959136B CN112959136B CN202110290786.5A CN202110290786A CN112959136B CN 112959136 B CN112959136 B CN 112959136B CN 202110290786 A CN202110290786 A CN 202110290786A CN 112959136 B CN112959136 B CN 112959136B
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 101000623895 Bos taurus Mucin-15 Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q16/00—Equipment for precise positioning of tool or work into particular locations not otherwise provided for
- B23Q16/02—Indexing equipment
- B23Q16/04—Indexing equipment having intermediate members, e.g. pawls, for locking the relatively movable parts in the indexed position
- B23Q16/06—Rotary indexing
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of auxiliary tools for machining and producing disc parts, in particular to a porous efficient machining device in a disc part spoke groove and a machining process thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of auxiliary tools for disc part machining production, in particular to a device and a process for efficiently machining multiple holes in a disc part spoke groove.
Background
Disc-type parts are one of the typical parts commonly found in machining, and are widely used in various industries, particularly the gear industry. With the continuous optimization of the performance of gear materials and the more mature heat treatment technology, in order to respond to the national trend of green manufacture and life environmental protection on gear parts under the condition of meeting the service life and various performance requirements, the requirements on the weight reduction of the gear parts are more and more, for most gearbox gears, transmission case gears and driven gears of intermediate axle-axle differentials of vehicles, the two ends of the gears are provided with spoke grooves with different depths, most gears with spoke grooves are provided with different numbers of weight reducing holes or process holes, and the conventional processing technology of the existing weight reducing holes or process holes (3-8) of the spoke grooves can be selected according to the following schemes: drilling and processing each hole on the rocker arm drill by using a tool and a drill plate; clamping the numerical control milling machine by adopting a tool for one time, and respectively milling each hole by utilizing a compiled numerical control program; and (3) purchasing or improving a self-made special machine tool (group drill), clamping by adopting a tool, and drilling the multiple holes once or twice (one drill after another) according to the number of heads of the group drill. Compared with the above processing schemes, the method has the advantages and disadvantages: if the rocker arm drill is used for processing the multi-hole group, the drill plate and the workpiece are assembled and disassembled, the processing efficiency is low, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the equipment investment of the rocker arm drill is also large; if the numerical control milling machine is used for processing the multi-hole group, the efficiency is greatly improved relative to a rocker arm drill, the labor intensity is also reduced relative to the rocker arm drill, but the numerical control milling machine has larger investment at one time and has certain requirements on the skills of operators; if the self-made special machine tool (group drill) is selected or improved, the tool is used for clamping, the drilling processing is carried out on the multiple holes in one time or two times (one drill at intervals), the efficiency is greatly improved, the labor intensity is moderate, the equipment investment is large, the self-made precision is difficult to achieve the expectation, and more disadvantageously, different equipment is needed to meet different requirements along with the different number of the holes required by the workpiece and the different center distances, so that the equipment investment is larger. Therefore, based on the above situation, there is an urgent need to design a device for drilling multiple holes in spoke grooves of high-efficiency disc parts, which has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation, small equipment investment and stable processing quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of large equipment investment, complex structure of a processing device, inconvenient operation, low processing efficiency, large labor intensity of workers and unstable processing quality existing in the prior art when a plurality of holes in a spoke groove of a disc part are processed, the invention provides the porous efficient processing device in the spoke groove of the disc part, which has the following technical scheme:
the device comprises an opening pad compression assembly, a fixed shaft, a workpiece radial positioning sleeve, a single-row tapered roller bearing I, a second single-row tapered roller bearing II, a fixed bearing seat, a rotatable bearing seat, a processing device compression assembly I, a processing device compression assembly II and an elastic positioning assembly, wherein the fixed bearing seat is arranged on a workbench of an external machine tool, the processing device compression assembly I and the processing device compression assembly II are arranged on two side parts of the fixed bearing seat and compress the fixed bearing seat on the workbench of the external machine tool, a stepped hole I is formed in the fixed bearing seat, the outer diameter of the single-row tapered roller bearing I is arranged in the stepped hole I and in transition fit with the stepped hole I for mounting the lower part of the fixed shaft for supporting the rotatable bearing seat, the three-stage boss is processed on the fixed shaft, the rotatable bearing seat is mounted on the upper end face of the three-stage boss processed on the fixed shaft and is in radial sliding fit contact with the fixed shaft, the rotatable bearing seat is processed with a stepped hole II, the outer diameter of the single-row tapered roller bearing II is mounted in the stepped hole II and is in transition fit with the stepped hole II, a workpiece radial positioning sleeve for supporting a workpiece is mounted on the inner diameter of the single-row tapered roller bearing II and is in interference fit connection with the inner diameter of the single-row tapered roller bearing II, the upper end of the rotatable bearing seat is milled with three notches so as to facilitate scrap iron removal, three positioning support tables are reserved for supporting the workpiece, the upper part of the workpiece radial positioning sleeve is processed with steps, the gap is reserved between the step and the workpiece during assembly, an opening pad pressing assembly is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the fixing shaft and can press the workpiece on three positioning support tables of the rotatable bearing seat, a mounting hole is formed in the fixing bearing seat, an elastic positioning assembly is arranged in the mounting hole, a taper blind hole is formed in the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat, and the top of the elastic positioning assembly is in contact with the taper blind hole formed in the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat and performs rotary positioning on the rotatable bearing seat.
The number and the graduation of the taper blind holes at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat are identical to those of the holes to be machined on the workpiece to be machined.
The fixed bearing seat can be provided with N mounting holes for mounting the elastic positioning components, and each mounting hole can be internally provided with the elastic positioning component.
The elastic positioning assembly comprises a screw plug, a spring and a steel ball, wherein the steel ball is arranged at the top of the spring and is in contact with the spring, the spring is arranged at the upper part of the screw plug and is in contact with the screw plug, the steel ball, the spring and the screw plug are sequentially arranged in a mounting hole on a fixed bearing seat from top to bottom, an internal thread is machined at the lower part in the mounting hole, an external thread is machined at the outer part of the screw plug, the screw plug is arranged in the mounting hole and is connected with the internal thread arranged in the mounting hole through threaded fit, and in order to limit the steel ball, the diameter of the opening at the top of the mounting hole is smaller than that of the steel ball.
The bottom of the fixed bearing seat is provided with a rectangular positioning block which is matched with a T-shaped groove on a vertical bench drill or a vertical drilling machine workbench to perform Y-direction positioning function on the bottom of the fixed bearing seat.
The opening pad compression assembly comprises an opening pad compression nut, a fixed shaft threaded portion and an opening pad, a through hole I is formed in the center of the opening pad, the diameter of the through hole I is larger than that of the fixed shaft threaded portion, the fixed shaft threaded portion penetrates through the through hole I in the opening pad, and the opening pad compression nut 1 is mounted on the upper portion of the fixed shaft and is matched and connected with the fixed shaft threaded portion.
The processing device pressing component I and the processing device pressing component II are composed of the same structure, and mainly comprise a pressing plate support plate, a T-shaped bolt, a processing device pressing nut and a processing device pressing plate, wherein a through hole II is formed in the center of the processing device pressing plate, the diameter of the through hole II is larger than that of the T-shaped bolt, the T-shaped bolt penetrates through the through hole II formed in the processing device pressing plate, the bottom of the pressing plate support plate is arranged on a workbench of an external machine tool, the upper portion of the pressing plate support plate is arranged at the bottom of the processing device pressing plate and is connected with the processing device pressing plate, and the processing device pressing nut is arranged on the upper portion of the T-shaped bolt and is connected with the T-shaped bolt through threaded fit.
Furthermore, the upper end face of the single-row tapered roller bearing II is provided with an annular rubber chip blocking plate, the annular rubber chip blocking plate is contacted with the upper end face of the single-row tapered roller bearing II, and drill cuttings can be prevented from entering the interior of the single-row tapered roller bearing II when the single-row tapered roller bearing II is used.
The processing technology of the porous efficient processing device in the spoke groove of the disc part comprises the following steps:
s1, performing rough turning forming according to the drawing of each part of the porous efficient processing device, and reserving finish machining allowance for each matching surface during processing;
s2, performing heat treatment on the rough turning piece according to drawing requirements;
s3, carrying out finish machining on each part subjected to heat treatment in the step S2;
s4, detecting and accepting all the parts after finish machining in the step S3, and detecting and accepting the purchased parts;
s5, assembling all relevant parts which are qualified in detection strictly according to the requirements of an assembly drawing, detecting whether the rotatable bearing seat rotates flexibly or not after the assembly is completed, dividing and positioning reliably or not, installing the part to be processed after no abnormality is verified, fastening a workpiece on the porous efficient processing device by using the opening pad compression nut, the thread part of the fixed shaft and the opening pad, detecting whether the rotatable bearing seat rotates flexibly or not again, and dividing and positioning reliably or not;
s6, after all the steps of the procedure are finished and the final inspection is free from abnormality, the porous efficient machining device can be connected with a machine tool through the machining device pressing component I and the machining device pressing component II, before connection, the center of a main shaft of drilling machining equipment is overlapped with the center of the axial direction of a workbench X, Y of the drilling machining equipment, the rectangular positioning block arranged at the bottom of the fixed bearing seat is fastened and locked, the rectangular positioning block is matched with a T-shaped groove on the workbench of the drilling machining equipment, the Y-direction positioning function is achieved, after the center of the porous efficient machining device is overlapped with the center of the main shaft of the drilling machining equipment, the porous efficient machining device can be firmly fastened with the machine tool through the T-shaped bolt for the machining device pressing component I and the machining device pressing component II, and the porous center distance to be machined is shifted along the X-axis direction.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention has scientific overall structure design and simple and convenient production and processing technology, and solves the problems of low production and processing efficiency, large equipment investment and particularly large labor intensity of the porous drilling processing in the spoke grooves of disc parts mainly through the joint installation and cooperation of the components such as the opening pad pressing component, the fixed shaft, the workpiece radial positioning sleeve, the single-row tapered roller bearing I, the second single-row tapered roller bearing II, the fixed bearing seat, the rotatable bearing seat, the elastic positioning component and the like when the porous efficient processing device is specifically used. When the invention is specifically used, the operation and use method is simple, stable and reliable, the manufacture is convenient, the applicability to products (the number of holes and the size of the center distance) is strong, no special requirements are required for processing equipment and operators, and the processing efficiency of multiple holes in the spoke grooves of disc parts is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall installation structure of the porous high-efficiency processing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotatable bearing housing in the porous high efficiency machining apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front view of a rotatable bearing housing in the porous efficient machining apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a blind hole in the bottom taper of a rotatable bearing housing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stationary bearing block according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial view of the mounting hole of the steel ball of the invention for sealing the bottom of the fixed bearing seat
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the rotatable bearing seat, the fixed bearing seat and the fixed shaft in the present invention;
the reference numerals in the figures are: the device comprises a 1-opening pad compression nut, a 2-opening pad, a 3-fixed shaft, a 4-part to be processed, a 5-workpiece radial positioning sleeve, a 6-annular rubber chip baffle, a 7-single-row tapered roller bearing I, an 8-fixed bearing seat, a 9-processing device compression nut, a 10-processing device pressing plate, a 11-pressing plate support plate, a 12-T-shaped bolt, a 13-screwed plug, a 14-spring, a 15-steel ball, a 16-rotatable bearing seat, a 17-single-row tapered roller bearing II, an 18-mounting hole, a 19-stepped hole I, a 20-stepped hole II, a 21-tapered blind hole, a 22-step, a 23-positioning support table and a 24-third-order boss.
Detailed Description
Specific example 1: the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that: in the present invention, all embodiments and preferred methods of implementation mentioned herein may be combined with each other to form new solutions, unless specifically stated otherwise. In the present invention, all technical features mentioned herein as well as preferred features may be combined with each other to form new technical solutions, unless specifically stated otherwise. The "range" disclosed herein may take the form of a lower limit and an upper limit, which may be one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits, respectively. In the present invention, unless otherwise defined, the terms of art and science used herein have the same meaning as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any method or material similar or equivalent to those described may be used in the present invention. In order to solve the problems of low machining efficiency, high labor intensity, large equipment investment and the like existing in the prior art when machining a group of a plurality of lightening holes or process holes in disc parts, the invention provides a porous efficient machining device in a disc part spoke groove and a machining process thereof, and concretely, as shown in the attached figures 1-7 of the specification, the porous efficient machining device in the disc part spoke groove mainly comprises an opening pad pressing component, a fixed shaft 3, a workpiece radial positioning sleeve 5, a single row tapered roller bearing I7, a second single row tapered roller bearing II17, a fixed bearing seat 8, a rotatable bearing seat 16, a machining device pressing component I, a machining device pressing component II and an elastic positioning component, wherein the fixed bearing seat 8 for installing the fixed shaft 3 is arranged on a workbench of an external machine tool, the machining device pressing component I and the machining device pressing component II are arranged at two sides of the fixed bearing seat 8 and pressed on the workbench of the external machine tool, the machining device pressing component I and the machining device pressing component II are of the same structure, the machining device pressing component I and the machining device pressing component II mainly comprise a pressing plate 11, a pressing bolt 10, a pressing device 10 is arranged at the two sides of the pressing plate 11, a through hole 10 is formed between the pressing plate 10 and the pressing plate 10, the pressing plate is arranged at the two pressing plate is convenient to machine tool through the diameter 10, the pressing plate is arranged at the two pressing plate 10 through the two through hole diameter of the pressing device is arranged at the pressing plate 10, and the pressing plate 10 is arranged at the pressing plate 10 through the pressing plate 10 is convenient to be arranged at the through the pressing plate 10, when the pressing device is arranged at the pressing device is in the diameter of a through hole 10 is in the diameter between the pressing device is in the diameter of a through hole for the pressing device is convenient to be provided, the processing device compression nut 9 is installed on the upper portion of the T-shaped bolt 12 and is connected with the T-shaped bolt 12 through threaded fit. A stepped hole I19 for installing the single-row tapered roller bearing I7 is formed in the fixed bearing seat 8, the outer diameter (bearing outer ring) of the single-row tapered roller bearing I7 is installed in the stepped hole I19 and is in transition fit with the stepped hole I19, the lower part of the fixed shaft 3 for installing and supporting the rotatable bearing seat 16 is installed at the inner diameter (bearing inner ring) part of the single-row tapered roller bearing I7 and is connected with the inner diameter interference fit of the single-row tapered roller bearing I7, a third-stage boss 24 is processed on the fixed shaft 3, the rotatable bearing seat 16 is installed at the upper end surface part of the third-stage boss 24 processed on the fixed shaft 3 and is in radial sliding fit contact with the fixed shaft 3, a stepped hole II20 for installing the single-row tapered roller bearing II17 is processed in the rotatable bearing seat 16, the outer diameter (bearing outer ring) of the single-row tapered roller bearing II17 is installed in the stepped hole II20 and is in transition fit with the stepped hole II20, the radial workpiece positioning sleeve 5 for the part 4 to be processed is arranged at the inner diameter part of the single-row tapered roller bearing II17 and is connected with the inner diameter part (bearing inner ring) of the single-row tapered roller bearing II17 in an interference fit manner, a step 22 is processed at the upper part of the radial workpiece positioning sleeve 5, a gap is reserved between the step 22 and the workpiece during assembly, three notches are milled and processed at the upper end of a rotatable bearing seat so as to facilitate scrap iron removal, three positioning support tables 23 are reserved on the rotatable bearing seat and used for supporting the workpiece, when the radial workpiece positioning sleeve is used, the lower part of the part 4 to be processed can be placed on the upper end surfaces of the three positioning support tables 23 on the rotatable bearing seat 16, an opening pad pressing assembly used for pressing the part 4 to be processed is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the fixed shaft 3, and the opening pad pressing assembly is mainly formed by an opening pad pressing nut 1, the fixed shaft is formed by a threaded part of the fixed shaft and an opening pad 2, a through hole I is processed in the center of the opening pad 2, the diameter of the through hole I is 1-2mm larger than that of the threaded part of the fixed shaft, the threaded part of the fixed shaft penetrates through the through hole I on the opening pad, and a compression nut 1 of the opening pad is arranged on the upper part of the fixed shaft and is matched and connected with the threaded part of the fixed shaft. The fixed bearing seat 8 is provided with a mounting hole 18, an elastic positioning component for accurately positioning the rotatable bearing seat 16 is arranged in the mounting hole 18, a taper blind hole 21 is formed in the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat 16, the elastic positioning component mainly comprises a screw plug 13, a spring 14 and a steel ball 15, the spring 14 and the screw plug 13 are sequentially arranged in the mounting hole on the fixed bearing seat 8 from top to bottom, an internal thread is formed in the lower part of the mounting hole 18, an external thread is formed outside the screw plug 13, the screw plug 13 is arranged in the mounting hole 18 and is connected with the internal thread formed in the mounting hole 18 through threaded fit, and in order to limit the steel ball 15, the diameter of the steel ball 15 is larger than the opening aperture of the upper part of the mounting hole 18, the steel ball 15 can be protruded out of the top of the mounting hole 18 under the pushing of the spring 14 and is contacted with the taper blind hole 21 arranged at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat 16 to rotationally position the rotatable bearing seat 16, and it is to be noted that in order to ensure the rotation precision of the rotatable bearing seat 16, the number and the graduation of the taper blind hole 21 at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat 16 are consistent with the number and the graduation of the holes to be processed on the workpiece to be processed, in order to facilitate the rotation adjustment of the rotatable bearing seat 16, the rotatable bearing seat 16 is controlled by the thickness dimension of the third-stage boss end face on the fixed shaft 3, or is also matched with the upper end face of the fixed shaft 8 in a small clearance way (namely, the lower end face of the movable bearing seat 16 and the upper end face of the fixed bearing seat 8 are controlled by the thickness dimension of the largest diameter step (the third-stage boss 24) of the fixed shaft 3, so that a small clearance of 0.1-0.2mm is formed between the lower end face of the movable bearing seat 16 and the upper end face of the fixed bearing seat 8, facilitating rotation of the movable bearing block 16).
The invention provides a processing technology of a porous efficient processing device in a spoke groove of a disc part, which comprises the following steps: s1, performing rough turning forming on each part drawing of the porous efficient machining device, wherein a finish machining allowance is reserved for each matching surface during machining;
s2, performing heat treatment on the rough turning piece according to drawing requirements;
s3, carrying out finish machining on each part subjected to heat treatment in the step S2;
s4, detecting and accepting all the parts after finish machining in the step S3, and detecting and accepting the purchased parts;
s5, assembling all relevant parts which are qualified in detection strictly according to the requirement of an assembly drawing, detecting whether the rotatable bearing seat rotates flexibly after the assembly is completed, judging whether indexing positioning (contact of a steel ball in an elastic positioning assembly to a taper blind hole 21 at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat 16) is reliable, after no abnormality is verified, installing the part 4 to be processed, fastening the part 4 to be processed on a fixed shaft 3 of a porous efficient processing device by using an opening pad compression nut 1, a fixed shaft threaded part and an opening pad 2, and detecting whether the rotatable bearing seat 16 rotates flexibly again, and judging whether indexing positioning is reliable;
s6, after all the steps of the working procedures are finished and the final inspection is free from abnormality, the porous efficient machining device can be connected with a machine tool through the machining device pressing component I and the machining device pressing component II, before connection, the center of a main shaft of drilling machining equipment is overlapped with the center of the axial direction of a workbench X, Y of the drilling machining equipment, the fastening and locking are carried out, a rectangular positioning block arranged at the bottom of the fixed bearing seat 8 is matched with a T-shaped groove on the workbench of the drilling machining equipment, the Y-direction positioning function is achieved, after the center of the porous efficient machining device is overlapped with the center of the main shaft of the drilling machining equipment, the porous efficient machining device can be firmly fastened with the machine tool through the T-shaped bolt for the machining device pressing component I and the machining device pressing component II by shifting a half of a porous center distance to be machined along the X-axis direction.
The working principle and working process of the invention in specific work are that the steel ball 15 sealed by the plug 13 in the fixed bearing seat 8 can move up and down in the mounting hole 18 under the action of the spring 14, when the steel ball 15 pushes the top of the lower convex mounting hole 18 of the spring 14 to contact with the taper blind hole 21 at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat 16, the indexing positioning of the rotatable bearing seat 16 can be realized, during specific processing, the number and indexing of the taper blind hole 21 at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat 16 are consistent with the number and indexing of holes to be processed on the part 4, when a group of porous numbers of the part 4 to be processed are exchanged, only the number of the taper blind holes 21 at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat 16 is consistent with the porous numbers of the part 4 to be processed, and the size of the positioning sleeve 5 of the workpiece radial positioning sleeve is changed, the positioning surface (the positioning support table 23 on the rotatable bearing seat 16 is pointed at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat 16), in the whole porous processing process, the part 4 is only required to be installed on the high-efficiency porous (drilling) processing device of the invention, the workpiece radial positioning sleeve 5 and the rotatable bearing seat 16 are enabled to be positioned to be in the opening of the first hole to be pressed down to the first hole to be pressed by the fastening pad 2, the nut 2 is pressed down to be positioned by the first hole to be pressed down the hole to be pressed by the nut 4, and the nut is opened to be pressed down by the first hole to be positioned, when the hole is opened to be positioned and the hole is opened, and the hole is opened and pressed and is turned and pressed down, and the nut is turned and is pressed down to be 4 is pressed down to be tightly, and is pressed and tightly is pressed down to the nut 4 is pressed down to be tightly, and (5) unloading the workpiece to finish the processing of the part. In summary, the invention solves the problems of low processing efficiency, high labor intensity and large investment of special equipment or equipment when processing a group of a plurality of lightening holes or process holes of disc parts at present, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, convenient workpiece loading and unloading, moderate processing efficiency, extremely low equipment investment and stable processing quality, thereby meeting the use requirements of producers. The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited to the scope of the present invention, but can be used for other products in different fields and structures, no matter how many holes are arranged in the center, the number of holes in the holes, and the size of the holes, so that all equivalent changes or modifications according to the structures, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A porous efficient machining device in a spoke groove of a disc part is characterized by comprising an opening pad compression assembly, a fixed shaft, a workpiece radial positioning sleeve, a single-row tapered roller bearing I, a single-row tapered roller bearing II, a fixed bearing seat, a rotatable bearing seat, a machining device compression assembly I, a machining device compression assembly II and an elastic positioning assembly, wherein the fixed bearing seat is arranged on a workbench of an external machine tool, the machining device compression assembly I and the machining device compression assembly II are arranged on two side parts of the fixed bearing seat and compress the fixed bearing seat on the workbench of the external machine tool, a stepped hole I is formed in the fixed bearing seat, the outer diameter of the single-row tapered roller bearing I is arranged in the stepped hole I and in transition fit with the stepped hole I for mounting the lower part of the fixed shaft for supporting the rotatable bearing seat, the three-stage boss is processed on the fixed shaft, the rotatable bearing seat is mounted on the upper end face of the three-stage boss processed on the fixed shaft and is in radial sliding fit contact with the fixed shaft, the rotatable bearing seat is processed with a stepped hole II, the outer diameter of the single-row tapered roller bearing II is mounted in the stepped hole II and is in transition fit with the stepped hole II, a workpiece radial positioning sleeve for supporting a workpiece is mounted on the inner diameter of the single-row tapered roller bearing II and is in interference fit connection with the inner diameter of the single-row tapered roller bearing II, the upper end of the rotatable bearing seat is milled with three notches so as to facilitate scrap iron removal, three positioning support tables are reserved for supporting the workpiece, the upper part of the workpiece radial positioning sleeve is processed with steps, a gap is reserved between the step and the workpiece during assembly, an opening pad compression assembly is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the fixed shaft, the workpiece can be compressed on three positioning support tables of the rotatable bearing seat by the opening pad compression assembly, a mounting hole is formed in the fixed bearing seat, an elastic positioning assembly is arranged in the mounting hole, a taper blind hole is formed in the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat, and the top of the elastic positioning assembly is contacted with the taper blind hole formed in the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat and is used for rotationally positioning the rotatable bearing seat;
the processing technology of the porous efficient processing device in the spoke groove of the disc part comprises the following steps:
s1, performing rough turning forming according to the drawing of each part of the porous efficient processing device, and reserving finish machining allowance for each matching surface during processing;
s2, performing heat treatment on the rough turning piece according to drawing requirements;
s3, carrying out finish machining on each part subjected to heat treatment in the step S2;
s4, detecting and accepting all the parts after finish machining in the step S3, and detecting and accepting the purchased parts;
s5, assembling all relevant parts which are qualified in detection strictly according to the requirements of an assembly drawing, detecting whether the rotatable bearing seat rotates flexibly or not after the assembly is completed, dividing and positioning reliably or not, after no abnormality is verified, installing the part to be processed, fastening the part to be processed on the porous efficient processing device by utilizing the opening pad compression nut, the threaded part of the fixed shaft and the opening pad, detecting whether the rotatable bearing seat rotates flexibly or not again, and dividing and positioning reliably or not;
s6, after all the steps of the working procedures are finished and the final inspection is free from abnormality, the porous efficient processing device can be connected with a machine tool through the processing device pressing component I and the processing device pressing component II, before connection, the center of a main shaft of drilling processing equipment is overlapped with the center of the axial direction of a workbench X, Y of the drilling processing equipment, and is fastened and locked, a rectangular positioning block arranged at the bottom of a fixed bearing seat is matched with a T-shaped groove on the workbench of the drilling processing equipment to play a role in Y-direction positioning, after the center of the porous efficient processing device is overlapped with the center of the main shaft of the drilling processing equipment, the porous efficient processing device is shifted by half of the distance between the porous centers to be processed along the X-axis direction, and the porous efficient processing device can be firmly fastened with the machine tool through the processing device pressing component I and the processing device pressing component II by using T-shaped bolts;
when a group of porous numbers of the parts to be machined are exchanged, the number of taper blind holes at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat is changed to be consistent with the porous number of the parts to be machined, and the sizes of the radial positioning sleeve and the positioning surface of the rotatable bearing seat of the workpiece are changed.
2. The device for efficiently machining the holes in the spoke grooves of the disc parts according to claim 1, wherein the number and the graduation of the taper blind holes at the bottom of the rotatable bearing seat are identical to those of the holes to be machined in the workpiece to be machined.
3. The device for efficiently machining multiple holes in a spoke groove of a disc part according to claim 1, wherein the fixed bearing seat is provided with N mounting holes for mounting elastic positioning components, and each mounting hole is internally provided with the elastic positioning component.
4. The device for efficiently machining the multiple holes in the spoke groove of the disc part according to claim 1, wherein the elastic positioning assembly comprises a screwed plug, a spring and a steel ball, the steel ball is arranged at the top of the spring and is in contact with the spring, the spring is arranged at the upper part of the screwed plug and is in contact with the screwed plug, the steel ball, the spring and the screwed plug are sequentially arranged in a mounting hole on a fixed bearing seat from top to bottom, an internal thread is machined at the lower part in the mounting hole, an external thread is machined at the outer part of the screwed plug, and the screwed plug is arranged in the mounting hole and is connected with the internal thread formed in the mounting hole through screw fit.
5. The device for efficiently machining the multiple holes in the spoke grooves of the disc parts according to claim 1, wherein a rectangular positioning block is arranged at the bottom of the fixed bearing seat and is matched with a T-shaped groove on a workbench of a vertical bench drill or a vertical drilling machine, so that Y-direction positioning action is performed on the bottom of the fixed bearing seat.
6. The device for efficiently processing the multiple holes in the spoke grooves of the disc parts according to claim 1, wherein the opening pad pressing assembly comprises an opening pad pressing nut, a fixing shaft threaded portion and an opening pad, a through hole I is formed in the center of the opening pad, the diameter of the through hole I is larger than that of the fixing shaft threaded portion, the fixing shaft threaded portion penetrates through the through hole I in the opening pad, and the opening pad pressing nut is mounted on the upper portion of the fixing shaft and is matched and connected with the fixing shaft threaded portion.
7. The device for efficiently machining the multiple holes in the spoke grooves of the disc parts according to claim 1, wherein the machining device pressing assembly I and the machining device pressing assembly II are of the same structure, and mainly comprise a pressing plate support plate, a T-shaped bolt, a machining device pressing nut and a machining device pressing plate, wherein a through hole II is machined in the central part of the machining device pressing plate, the diameter of the through hole II is larger than that of the T-shaped bolt, the T-shaped bolt penetrates through the through hole II formed in the machining device pressing plate, the bottom of the pressing plate support plate is arranged on a workbench of an external machine tool, the upper part of the pressing plate support plate is arranged at the bottom of the machining device pressing plate and is connected with the machining device pressing plate, and the machining device pressing nut is installed on the upper part of the T-shaped bolt and is connected with the T-shaped bolt through threaded fit.
8. The device for efficiently processing the multiple holes in the spoke grooves of the disc parts according to claim 1, wherein an annular rubber chip blocking plate is arranged on the upper end face of the single-row tapered roller bearing II, the annular rubber chip blocking plate is contacted with the upper end face of the single-row tapered roller bearing II, and drill cuttings can be prevented from entering the single-row tapered roller bearing II during use.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110290786.5A CN112959136B (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Porous efficient machining device in spoke groove of disc part and machining process of porous efficient machining device |
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| CN202110290786.5A CN112959136B (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Porous efficient machining device in spoke groove of disc part and machining process of porous efficient machining device |
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| CN112959136B true CN112959136B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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