CN112958781A - Preparation method of TRT blade based on 3D printing - Google Patents
Preparation method of TRT blade based on 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1054—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by microwave
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of TRT blade manufacturing, and discloses a TRT blade manufacturing method based on 3D printing, which comprises the steps of firstly designing a metal matrix, a metal ceramic gradient material transition layer and a surface ceramic layer according to three-dimensional model data of a blade to obtain the three-dimensional model data of the blade; processing the three-dimensional model data of the blade and outputting hierarchical data; importing the layered data into a 3D printer to complete the forming of the whole blade biscuit; putting the biscuit into a sintering furnace, and heating to remove the adhesive in the biscuit; the porosity of the ceramic layer on the surface of the blade is reduced by adopting an impregnation method; and (4) placing the impregnated blade in a hot isostatic pressing furnace or sintering to finally obtain the TRT equipment blade. The thickness of the surface ceramic layer of the obtained TRT equipment blade is controllable, the bonding strength of the metal-ceramic transition layer, the metal matrix and the surface ceramic layer is superior to that of a thermal spraying process, and the corrosion resistance and the scouring resistance of the surface ceramic layer can meet the use requirements of the TRT blade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of TRT blade manufacturing, and relates to a preparation method of a TRT blade based on 3D printing.
Background
Blast Furnace Gas Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) utilizes pressure energy and heat energy of Blast Furnace Top Gas, which is a byproduct of Blast Furnace smelting, to make Gas work through Turbine expansion, and convert the Gas into mechanical energy, so as to drive an energy-saving product of generator power generation. The equipment not only recovers the energy wasted in the pressure reducing valve bank, but also purifies the coal gas, greatly improves the control quality of the top pressure of the blast furnace and has obvious economic benefit.
In order to obtain the maximum benefit, TRT equipment of a steelmaking enterprise is all started for use all the day (except for maintenance time). However, since blast furnace gas contains a large amount of dust particles, high-temperature saturated steam and a plurality of acidic gases generated due to impure blast furnace raw materials, even if the blast furnace gas is subjected to dust removal, sulfur removal and the like by a purification device, a part of the acidic gases still remain, and finally the blast furnace gas enters a TRT device and is a gas-vapor-solid multiphase flow. After the purified blast furnace gas enters the TRT device, the temperature is gradually reduced due to expansion work, and acid gas in the gas is dissolved in condensed water to form an acid water film on the surface of the blade, so that the surface of the blade is subjected to water penetration and corrosion. Under the drive of the airflow, furnace dust can generate sliding wear and direct-injection wear when flowing through the metal surface, so that the surface of the blade is quickly worn and corroded.
In order to improve the erosion resistance and corrosion resistance of the TRT blade, the prior method is to spray a layer of ceramic, alloy or metal material with the thickness of about 300-. After the installation test, the TRT blade after plasma spraying is used in the use of a steel plant, and the coating has excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance, thereby obtaining remarkable effect. However, due to different coal gas components of steel plants in various places, the blade sprayed by plasma is found to have longer service life than the blade not sprayed, but the coating is damaged and falls off irregularly locally due to the uniformity of the thickness of the coating or hole sealing reasons in the use process, severe corrosion and abrasion are generated at the falling part of the coating, the dynamic balance of a rotor is damaged, the TRT equipment is shut down, and the normal use of the TRT equipment is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the existing ceramic coating process, the invention provides a preparation method of a TRT blade based on 3D printing, which is used for solving the difficult problems that the bonding strength of a ceramic layer on the surface of the TRT blade and a metal matrix is low, the coating thickness is not easy to control, and the coating falls off.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a preparation method of a TRT blade based on 3D printing comprises the following steps:
1) designing a metal matrix, a metal-ceramic gradient material transition layer and a surface ceramic layer according to the original three-dimensional data and technical parameter requirements of the blade to obtain a three-dimensional model of the blade;
2) carrying out data processing on the three-dimensional model of the blade, outputting layered data, and importing the layered data into a 3D printer;
3) paving metal powder, ceramic powder and metal ceramic mixed powder in a part forming area to enable the surface of the powder to be flat;
4) spraying adhesive in the part forming area to integrate the ceramic powder and the metal powder in the part forming part;
5) the working platform descends one layer thickness;
6) repeating the steps 3) to 5) until the whole blade biscuit is finished;
7) taking out the blade biscuit, removing surface flour, and degreasing and presintering the blade biscuit;
8) dipping a ceramic layer on the surface of the blade biscuit;
9) and (3) bonding solid particles in the metal matrix, the metal-ceramic gradient material transition layer and the surface ceramic layer with each other through a sintering process to densify the blade, and finally obtaining the TRT blade.
Further, in the step 3), the ceramic powder is zirconia, alumina, silica, silicon carbide or boron carbide.
Further, in the step 3), 2Cr13, 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb, 00Cr17Ni14Mo2, 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti or 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV is used as the metal powder.
Further, in the step 3), the metal powder, the ceramic powder and the metal ceramic mixed powder are paved by supplying the powder through a plurality of nozzles, and then the powder is scraped by a scraper after the powder paving is finished.
Further, in the step 3), the particle size of the metal powder is 5-53 μm, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 1-100 μm.
Further, in the step 5), phenolic resin, furan resin, urethane resin or epoxy resin is used as the adhesive.
Further, in the step 6), the thickness of the layer is 0.05-0.3 mm.
Further, in the step 7), degreasing and pre-sintering the blade biscuit specifically comprise: and (3) putting the blade biscuit into a sintering furnace, heating to 550-700 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours.
Further, in the step 9), the sintering process adopts a hot isostatic pressing process, a flash firing process, spark plasma sintering, microwave sintering or electric spark sintering process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a preparation method of a TRT blade based on 3D printing, which comprises the steps of forming a blade blank based on a 3D printing technology, combining a metal ceramic gradient material forming principle, utilizing an adhesive to realize one-time bonding forming of a surface ceramic layer, a transition layer and a metal substrate, accumulating layer by layer, combining the surface ceramic layer and the metal substrate through the metal ceramic material transition layer, and finally realizing the integrated forming of the metal substrate and the surface ceramic layer of the TRT blade to obtain the blade blank; then placing the printed blade biscuit into a vacuum degreasing furnace, and heating to remove the adhesive in the blade; then, a dipping process is utilized to dip the ceramic layer on the surface of the blade, so that the porosity of the ceramic material is reduced; finally, solid particles in the metal substrate, the transition layer and the surface ceramic layer of the blade are bonded with each other through a sintering process, powder generates particle bonding, the densification is realized, the strength of the blade is improved, the metal and ceramic bidirectional atomic diffusion is realized in the sintering process, and the bonding strength is superior to that of a thermal spraying process. Compared with the current manufacturing process (firstly die forging, numerical control machining and finally spraying) of the TRT equipment blade, the TRT blade obtained by adopting the method has the advantages that the thickness and the shape of the surface ceramic layer can be designed according to the anti-corrosion requirement, and the distribution position and the thickness are controllable; the ceramic and metal integrated molding can be realized, a complex spraying process is not needed, the requirement of corrosion resistance is realized, the service life can reach 2 years, the service life exceeds that of a spraying blade, the service cycle of equipment is prolonged, and the maintenance and use cost is reduced; the small-batch customized processing of the TRT blade parts with complex shapes can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention utilizes a 3D printing process to quickly form a TRT blade with a surface ceramic layer, and comprises the following steps:
1) designing a metal matrix, a metal-ceramic gradient material transition layer and a surface ceramic layer based on a TRT equipment blade three-dimensional model to be processed, wherein the thicknesses of the metal-ceramic gradient material transition layer and the surface ceramic layer are 0.5-3.0 mm;
2) importing the multi-material blade data model into data processing software, performing data processing, outputting layered data, importing the layered data into ceramic metal multi-material 3D printing equipment, and simultaneously completing preparation of materials such as ceramic powder, metal powder and adhesives;
3) utilizing a plurality of spray heads to finish the laying of each layer of powder, laying corresponding materials on the base body, the transition layer and the surface layer according to design requirements, laying ceramic powder on the rest part, scraping the ceramic powder by utilizing a scraper with a vacuum adsorption function, and sending redundant powder into a recovery tank;
4) the adhesive is laid on the part forming part by using the spray head, so that the single-layer biscuit is bonded and formed, and the powder of the layer and the adjacent layers are reliably bonded;
5) the working platform descends by a layer thickness of 0.05-0.3 mm;
6) repeating the steps 3) to 5) to finish the forming of the whole blade biscuit;
7) taking out the TRT blade biscuit, putting the TRT blade biscuit into a sintering furnace, heating to degrease and remove the adhesive, and presintering to enable the blades to have certain strength;
8) the dipping method is adopted, so that ceramic particles enter gaps of a ceramic layer on the surface of the blade, and the porosity is reduced;
9) and adopting a hot isostatic pressing process, a flash sintering process, a spark plasma sintering process, a microwave sintering process or an electric spark sintering process to densify the TRT blade material.
In the step 3), the grain diameter of the metal powder is 5-53 μm, and the grain diameter of the ceramic powder is 1-100 μm.
In the step 5), the adhesive can be phenolic resin, furan resin, urethane resin or epoxy resin.
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples:
example 1
Step 1: designing a metal matrix, a metal-ceramic transition layer and a surface ceramic layer according to three-dimensional data and technical requirements of moving blade parts of TRT equipment, wherein the thickness of the transition layer is 1.5mm, and the thickness of the surface ceramic layer is 1.0 mm;
step 2: and processing the three-dimensional data file. Importing the designed multi-material blade data into data processing software, carrying out layering processing, distinguishing metal, ceramic and gradient materials between the metal and the ceramic, and exporting the processed layering data;
importing the layered data into a 3D printer, and simultaneously completing the preparation of silicon carbide ceramic powder, 2Cr13 powder and furan resin binder, wherein the silicon carbide ceramic powder D5025 μm, 2Cr13 powder d5020 μm;
and step 3: under the control of a system, according to the structural requirements of the blade, powder paving of 2Cr13 powder, silicon carbide ceramic powder and mixed powder of the two is completed in a forming area by using a plurality of spray heads, ceramic powder is paved in the rest area, the powder is strickleed by using a scraper with a vacuum adsorption function, and redundant powder is sent to a recovery tank;
and 4, step 4: then spraying furan resin in a forming area by using an adhesive sprayer to ensure that a forming layer and an adjacent layer are reliably adhered;
and 5: the working platform descends 0.05 mm;
step 6: repeating the step 3 to the step 5 to complete the forming of the whole blade biscuit;
and 7: and (3) putting the formed blade biscuit into a sintering furnace, gradually heating to 650 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and performing degreasing sintering and presintering to finish degreasing and presintering the blade biscuit.
And 8: dipping the TRT blade subjected to presintering;
and step 9: and densifying the presintered and impregnated blade biscuit by using a hot isostatic pressing process.
Example 2
Step 1: designing three-dimensional models of a surface ceramic layer, an intermediate transition layer and a metal matrix according to a three-dimensional data model of a moving blade of a TRT device and the technical requirements of the three-dimensional data model, wherein the thickness of the transition layer is 2.5mm, and the thickness of the surface ceramic layer is 1.2 mm;
step 2: importing the designed multi-material blade three-dimensional model into data processing software, distinguishing materials in different areas, and carrying out data processing;
importing the layered data into a multi-material 3D printing device, and simultaneously completing the preparation of zirconia ceramic powder and 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb metal powder as well as phenolic resin adhesive, wherein the D50 of the zirconia ceramic powder is 15 mu m, and the D50 of the 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb metal powder is 20 mu m;
and step 3: under the control of a system, a plurality of spray heads lay zirconia ceramic powder and 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb metal powder in a forming area, the rest areas are laid with the zirconia ceramic powder, a scraper is used for scraping the powder, and the redundant powder is removed and sent into a recovery tank;
and 4, step 4: laying phenolic resin on the part forming part by using a nozzle to ensure reliable bonding between single-layer powder and adjacent layers;
and 5: the working platform descends 0.10 mm;
step 6: circularly performing the steps 4 to 6 to finish the biscuit molding of the blade;
and 7: taking the blade biscuit out of the 3D printing equipment, putting the blade biscuit into a roasting furnace, gradually raising the temperature to 600 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to carry out degreasing sintering and presintering;
and 8: immersing the pre-sintered TRT moving blade into zirconia ceramic slurry for impregnation;
and step 9: and drying the impregnated blade blank, putting the dried blade blank into a sintering furnace, and densifying the blade blank by using a microwave sintering process.
Example 3
Step 1: designing a metal matrix, a metal-ceramic transition layer and a surface ceramic layer according to three-dimensional data and technical requirements of moving blade parts of TRT equipment, wherein the thickness of the transition layer is 3.0mm, and the thickness of the surface ceramic layer is 1.8 mm;
step 2: and processing the three-dimensional data file. Importing the designed multi-material blade data into data processing software, carrying out layering processing, distinguishing metal, ceramic and gradient materials between the metal and the ceramic, and exporting the processed layering data;
importing the layered data into a 3D printer, and simultaneously completing preparation of alumina ceramic powder, 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 powder and furan resin adhesive;
and step 3: under the control of a system, according to the structural requirements of the blade, powder paving of 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 powder, alumina ceramic powder and mixed powder of the two is completed in a forming area by using a plurality of spray heads, alumina ceramic powder is paved in the rest area, the powder is scraped by using a scraper with a vacuum adsorption function, and the redundant powder is sent into a recovery tank, wherein the d50 of the alumina ceramic powder is 10 microns, and the d50 of the 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 powder is 15 microns;
and 4, step 4: then spraying furan resin in a forming area by using an adhesive sprayer to ensure that a forming layer and an adjacent layer are reliably adhered;
and 5: the working platform descends 0.15 mm;
step 6: repeating the step 3 to the step 5 to complete the forming of the whole blade biscuit;
and 7: and (3) putting the formed blade biscuit into a roasting furnace, gradually heating to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and performing degreasing sintering and presintering to finish degreasing and presintering the blade biscuit.
And 8: dipping the TRT blade subjected to presintering;
and step 9: and (3) densifying the blade biscuit subjected to presintering and impregnation by using a microwave sintering process.
Example 4
Step 1: designing a metal matrix, a metal-ceramic transition layer and a surface ceramic layer according to three-dimensional data and technical requirements of a static blade part of TRT equipment, wherein the thickness of the transition layer is 2.2mm, and the thickness of the surface ceramic layer is 1.0 mm;
step 2: and processing the three-dimensional data file. Importing the designed multi-material blade data into data processing software, carrying out layering processing, distinguishing metal, ceramic and gradient materials between the metal and the ceramic, and exporting the processed layering data;
importing the layered data into a 3D printer, and simultaneously completing preparation of boron carbide ceramic powder, 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti powder and urethane resin adhesive;
and step 3: under the control of a system, according to the structural requirements of the blade, powder paving of 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti powder, boron carbide ceramic powder and mixed powder of the two is completed in a forming area by utilizing a plurality of spray heads, alumina ceramic powder is paved in the rest area, the powder is strickled off by utilizing a scraper with a vacuum adsorption function, and redundant powder is sent into a recovery tank; boron carbide ceramic powder d5040 μm, 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti powder d50Is 25 μm;
and 4, step 4: then, spraying urethane resin in a forming area by using an adhesive sprayer to ensure that a forming layer and an adjacent layer are reliably adhered;
and 5: the working platform descends 0.15 mm;
step 6: repeating the step 3 to the step 5 to complete the forming of the whole blade biscuit;
and 7: placing the formed blade biscuit into a roasting furnace, gradually heating to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and performing degreasing sintering and presintering to complete degreasing and presintering of the blade biscuit;
and 8: dipping the TRT blade subjected to presintering to reduce the porosity;
and step 9: and (3) densifying the blade biscuit subjected to presintering and impregnation by using a microwave sintering process.
Example 5
Step 1: designing a three-dimensional model with an anti-corrosion and scouring function for a surface ceramic layer, an intermediate transition layer and a metal matrix according to a three-dimensional data model of a static blade of TRT equipment and the technical requirements thereof, wherein the thickness of the transition layer is 2.5mm, and the thickness of the surface ceramic layer is 1.2 mm;
step 2: importing the designed multi-material blade three-dimensional model into data processing software, distinguishing materials in different areas, and carrying out data processing;
importing the layered data into a ceramic metal multi-material 3D printing device, and simultaneously completing the preparation of silicon oxide ceramic powder, 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV metal powder and phenolic resin adhesive, wherein the silicon oxide powder D5015 μm, 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV Metal powder d50Is 35 μm;
and step 3: under the control of software, paving silicon oxide ceramic powder and 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV metal powder layer by a plurality of spray heads, and scraping the powder by using a scraper to remove redundant powder;
and 4, step 4: laying phenolic resin on the part forming part by using a nozzle to complete single-layer forming;
and 5: the working platform descends 0.1 mm;
step 6: circularly performing the steps 4 to 6 to finish the biscuit molding of the gold blade;
and 7: taking out the multi-material blade biscuit from the 3D printing equipment, putting the multi-material blade biscuit into a roasting furnace, gradually heating to 650 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and carrying out degreasing sintering and presintering to complete degreasing and presintering of the blade biscuit;
and 8: dipping the TRT blade subjected to presintering to reduce the porosity;
and step 9: and putting the impregnated blade blank into a sintering furnace, and densifying by using a microwave flash sintering process.
The invention is based on a 3D printing process and can be used for mechanical parts requiring strong corrosion resistance, including but not limited to impeller mechanical moving blades and static blades.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a TRT blade based on 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) designing a metal matrix, a metal-ceramic gradient material transition layer and a surface ceramic layer according to the original three-dimensional data and technical parameter requirements of the blade to obtain a three-dimensional model of the blade;
2) carrying out data processing on the three-dimensional model of the blade, outputting layered data, and importing the layered data into a 3D printer;
3) paving metal powder, ceramic powder and metal ceramic mixed powder in a part forming area to enable the surface of the powder to be flat;
4) spraying adhesive in the part forming area to integrate the ceramic powder and the metal powder in the part forming part;
5) the working platform descends one layer thickness;
6) repeating the steps 3) to 5) until the whole blade biscuit is finished;
7) taking out the blade biscuit, removing surface flour, and degreasing and presintering the blade biscuit;
8) dipping a ceramic layer on the surface of the blade biscuit;
9) and (3) bonding solid particles in the metal matrix, the metal-ceramic gradient material transition layer and the surface ceramic layer with each other through a sintering process to densify the blade, and finally obtaining the TRT blade.
2. The method for preparing the TRT blade based on the 3D printing according to the claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the ceramic powder is zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or boron carbide.
3. The method for preparing the TRT blade based on 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the metal powder is 2Cr13, 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb, 00Cr17Ni14Mo2, 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti or 1Cr11Ni2W2 MoV.
4. The method for preparing the TRT blade based on the 3D printing is characterized in that in the step 3), the metal powder, the ceramic powder and the mixed metal-ceramic powder are paved by a plurality of nozzles, and the paved powder is scraped by a scraper.
5. The method for preparing the TRT blade based on the 3D printing according to the claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the particle size of the metal powder is 5-53 μm, and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 1-100 μm.
6. The method for preparing the TRT blade based on the 3D printing is characterized in that in the step 5), the adhesive is phenolic resin, furan resin, urethane resin or epoxy resin.
7. The method for preparing the TRT blade based on 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6), the layer thickness is 0.05-0.3 mm.
8. The preparation method of the TRT blade based on 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7), the degreasing and pre-sintering of the blade blank are specifically as follows: and (3) putting the blade biscuit into a sintering furnace, heating to 550-700 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours.
9. The method for preparing the TRT blade based on the 3D printing according to the claim 1, wherein in the step 9), the sintering process adopts a hot isostatic pressing process, a flash firing process, a spark plasma sintering process, a microwave sintering process or an electric spark sintering process.
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Application publication date: 20210615 |