CN112958647B - Drawing process of high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire - Google Patents
Drawing process of high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN112958647B CN112958647B CN202110139722.5A CN202110139722A CN112958647B CN 112958647 B CN112958647 B CN 112958647B CN 202110139722 A CN202110139722 A CN 202110139722A CN 112958647 B CN112958647 B CN 112958647B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/44—Methods of heating in heat-treatment baths
- C21D1/48—Metal baths
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drawing process of a high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire, which comprises the steps of selecting a wire rod, preparing the surface of the wire rod, pre-drawing the wire rod to prepare a semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire, carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire, drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire after lead quenching again, and carrying out quenching and tempering treatment on the drawn steel wire. The elastic card clothing steel wire prepared by the drawing process has the characteristics of high tensile strength, high elongation, high elasticity and obviously prolonged service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an iron-based special wire, in particular to a drawing process of a high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire.
Background
Clothing for various carding machine cylinders, the surface of which is distributed with tips of needles or teeth, is known as card clothing, which has been used for over 200 years. In 1804, elastic card clothing was first successfully manufactured by Peter Wolter, germany — for covering the cylinder and doffer of a carding machine. With the development of world textile technology, the application of card clothing to fiber carding is continuously developed and widened, especially in recent 20 years, in order to meet the requirements of novel high-speed high-yield carding machines and the carding process requirements of novel fibers, the card clothing as the heart of the carding machine has the rapid development from the aspects of type, efficiency, quality and the like, and plays an important role in the carding technology and textile engineering.
The main problems of the production of the elastic card clothing steel wire in China include poor consistency, short service life, lower needle point abrasion resistance and the like, and the production quality of the elastic card clothing steel wire is directly linked with the quenching and tempering conditions and the drawing conditions of the steel wire.
The drawing process of the elastic card clothing needs to be optimized in order to improve the mechanical properties and the service life of the elastic card clothing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a drawing process of a high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a drawing process of a high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire,
(1) selecting a wire rod:
the wire rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.6-1.2%, Si: 0.1-0.6%, Mn: 0.4-0.7%, Ni: 2-3.2%, Cr: 0.1-0.28%, rare earth elements: 0.005-0.02%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the diameter of the wire rod is 5-9 mm; the rare earth element is one of cerium, yttrium or a mixture of cerium and yttrium.
C is a main strengthening element in steel, the strength of the steel can be obviously improved through solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening, the strength is in an obvious rising trend along with the increase of the content of C, meanwhile, the wire rod is obviously hardened after cold drawing processing, the strength of a finished steel wire is facilitated to be realized, if the content of C is lower than 0.60%, dense carbide pieces cannot be formed in the further processing process, and because the carbide is insufficient, pearlite cannot be formed, the strength of the wire rod is influenced, and therefore the addition amount of C is more than 0.6%.
Si is added into steel as a deoxidizer and reacts with FeO in molten steel to generate silicate to be removed, so that the purity of molten steel is improved, in addition, the silicate is easy to extend and deform in a wire rod along a drawing direction, drawing wire breakage damage is not caused, the Si is dissolved in ferrite in the steel, the strength and the cold-work hardening degree of solid solution in the steel are improved, and the elastic limit and the yield ratio of the steel can be obviously improved by the Si.
Mn is added into steel as a strong deoxidizer, the steel contains Mn, the addition amount of Mn is generally less than or equal to 0.7%, the addition of Mn can improve the strength and the wear resistance of the steel, but for the steel with high C content, the plasticity of the steel is reduced along with the increase of the Mn content. The steel contains S, and the S + Mn → MnS inclusions in the steel gradually reduce the mechanical properties of the material, particularly in the vertical rolling direction. The rare earth elements are added to contribute to the modification of MnS inclusions and improve the mechanical property of the steel.
Cr is a medium carbide-forming element, and chromium carbide, which is the finest of all carbides, is uniformly distributed in the steel, and improves hardenability, strength, hardness, yield point and wear resistance of the steel, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the steel. Cr can greatly improve the strength and plasticity of structural steel, and is particularly remarkable in steel combining Cr and Ni. In addition, Cr can refine the interlayer spacing of the pearlite block, is beneficial to improving the sorbite proportion, is beneficial to improving the drawing performance of the wire rod and inhibits the expansion of microcracks.
Ni has high strength, high toughness, good hardenability, high resistance and high corrosion resistance, and the strength of the steel can be improved by adding the Ni into the steel, and the toughness of the steel is kept at a very high level; the lattice constant of Ni is close to gamma-Fe, so that a continuous solid solution can be formed, the hardenability of steel is improved, the stability of austenite is improved, and the hardenability is good.
The rare earth elements described in the invention refer to seventeen metal elements of lanthanide elements, scandium and yttrium in the chemical periodic table. The rare earth element has certain influence on the physical properties of the material due to the unfilled 4f electron layer, and has the function of refining grains. After the rare earth elements are added, the contents of S and O in steel can be obviously reduced, the rare earth has a strong molten steel purifying effect, the reduction of the content of S is beneficial to improving the impact property, the impurity element S, P is easy to be partially gathered at a crystal boundary, the interface energy is reduced, and cracks are easier to expand along the crystal boundary until being fractured. The addition of rare earth elements can reduce the grain size of ferrite and fine grainsMore grain boundaries exist, the crack propagation direction is easier to change, the crack propagation can be more effectively stopped, and the impact performance is improved. The mechanism of the rare earth element grain refining effect is that the rare earth element is combined with other elements in the steel to form micro-alloy fine precipitated particles to realize the effects of inhibiting austenite growth and precipitation strengthening. The rare earth elements can inhibit the precipitation of C in the steel, thereby improving the hardenability of the steel and refining precipitated carbide. In the process of solidifying the molten steel, the rare earth and other elements in the steel can form a compound with a higher melting point, and the compound is separated out before the molten steel is solidified, is distributed in the molten steel as fine particles serving as heterogeneous nucleation centers, reduces the supercooling degree of the molten steel crystal, and refines the solidification structure of the steel. The rare earth elements can improve the diffusion speed of Cr in steel and promote Cr2O3And forming a protective film.
On the basis of high-carbon steel wire rod components, the wire rod steel wire rod is strengthened and delayed sorbite transformation, the austenite stability and the hardenability of a wire rod are improved, the work hardening rate is increased, the uniform extension of the wire rod steel wire rod static and steel wire rod in the hardening rate of the steel wire rod in the work hardening rate of which steel wire rod steel wire rod steel rod is improved static and a steel rod in the work hardening rate of which steel rod. Combining with analysis means such as alloy phase observation, a scanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope and the like, the steel wire grain is ensured to be continuously refined, and meanwhile, the strength and the fracture torsion value are continuously improved.
(2) Preparing the surface of a wire rod:
mechanically husking the wire rod by at least 6 husking wheel grooves, wherein the plane included angle of two adjacent husking wheels is 90 degrees; the wire rod is treated by a lubricant before passing through each husking wheel, and is heated by a water bath at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ after passing through each husking wheel; and (4) carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the mechanically peeled wire rod, coating a lubricant, and curing in a heating furnace.
The surface of the wire rod is treated to remove oxide skin, and the existence of the metal oxide skin can cause surface defects of the steel wire and early damage of the die, even block a die hole, and lead to drawing fracture. The invention adopts a mode of combining mechanical peeling and chemical peeling to process the surface of the wire rod.
Adopt ultrasonic phosphorylation to handle, ultrasonic wave conductor places the silk end of advancing at the acid tank and launches the ultrasonic wave along wire rod direction of motion, gas with dissolving in the solution is the core, produce the no nuclear bubble, every bubble of sound wave vibration receives once expansion and compression effect along with it, strike each other with very big energy in solution in the twinkling of an eye, make the iron scale on wire rod surface have behind the acid porosity rapidly and even clear away, adopt the frequency about 40KHz, under the same acoustic pressure, the quantity of the cavitation bubble of production is big, cavitation intensity who produces during the breakage is low, the noise is little, the penetrability is strong and helps the adhesion of later stage emollient. The powder in the lubricant is mainly kaolin, contains a large amount of silicon, has low surface tension and is beneficial to the falling off of the lubricant coating after cooling after drawing.
(3) Pre-drawing the wire rod to prepare an elastic card clothing steel wire semi-finished product:
and (2) carrying out dry cold drawing on the wire rod, wherein the wire rod with the diameter of 5-9 mm is drawn to the diameter of 1-2 mm, the deviation is +/-0.02 mm, the total compression ratio is 88-98%, 8-12 times of drawing is carried out, the drawing speed is 4-5 m/s, the angle of a working area of a wire drawing die is 9-12 degrees, the length coefficient L/D of a sizing belt of the wire drawing die is 0.2-0.3, L is the length of the sizing belt, and D is the diameter of the wire drawing die.
(4) Carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire by using a naked furnace, respectively setting four heating zones of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4, setting furnace temperatures of 1050 ℃, 1020 ℃, 980 ℃ and 950 ℃ in sequence, setting the temperature of a preheating section of the furnace temperature to be 920-960 ℃, the temperature of a heating section to be 980-1020 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section to be 960-980 ℃, the linear temperature of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to be 880-930 ℃ and the heating time to be 60-90 s; and (3) penetrating the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire heated by the heating furnace into a lead tank, and carrying out lead quenching on lead molten at the lead temperature of 580-650 ℃, wherein the length of the lead tank is 8-12 m, and the lead quenching time is 30-60 s.
Under the heating condition, the phase transformation of ferrite into austenite is an essential stage during the continuous austenitizing treatment of the steel wire, the inoculation period before the transformation directly influences the homogenization time of the steel wire in a furnace, mainly depends on the heating temperature and the heating speed, and a high-temperature rapid heating mode is adopted for ensuring complete austenite homogenization and forming fine austenite grains. The patenting is that undercooled austenite is subjected to 'isothermal' cooling in a lead bath at a certain temperature and is converted into a sorbite structure, a section of temperature 'recovery' region exists due to an exothermic reaction during the phase change of the austenite structure, and the undercooling determines the austenite conversion speed and the converted structure form in the isothermal patenting conversion process.
(5) Drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire after lead quenching again:
performing water tank type drawing on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire, drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire with the diameter of 1-2 mm to the elastic card clothing steel wire with the diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm, wherein the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression rate is 91-98%, and drawing is performed for 15-24 times, and the drawing speed is 6-8 m/s;
(6) quenching and tempering the drawn steel wire:
heating the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to 850-920 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-8 s, soaking the heated semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire in an oil tank for oil quenching, wherein the oil temperature in the oil tank is 20-35 ℃, and the quenching time is 2-3 s; heating and tempering the quenched semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire at 400-450 ℃ for 2-3 s, placing the tempered steel wire cooled in air into a cooling pool with cooling water for cooling, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 20-30 ℃; coating antirust oil on the cooled steel wire to obtain a finished product;
the heat treatment is quenching and high-temperature tempering, in which a steel wire is heated to a suitable temperature of Ac3 or higher, quenched in a quenching medium, and then tempered by heating to a temperature lower than Ac1 or lower in another neutral medium.
The steel wire is tempered at high temperature to obtain a tempered sorbite structure, and has high strength, elasticity and good toughness and fatigue resistance. The steel wire after the quenching and tempering treatment has good elasticity, straightness, toughness and fatigue resistance under high tensile strength, and has stable structure and performance, and the bearing working temperature is better than that of cold-drawn steel.
The elastic card clothing steel wire prepared by the drawing process meets the requirements that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2350 +/-50 MPa, the total elongation at break is more than or equal to 6.0 percent, the single-phase torsion is more than or equal to 6000 times/360 degrees, the yield ratio is more than or equal to 90 percent, the adhesive force is more than or equal to 1750N, and the section of the elastic card clothing steel wire is biconvex, elliptic and triangular.
As a preferred technical solution, the wire rod phosphorylation treatment: the phosphating temperature is 70-85 ℃, the phosphating time is 3-5 s, phosphoric acid and zinc phosphate are used for preparing a phosphating solution, the acid ratio of the phosphating solution is 5-7, the free acidity point is 8-12, and the total acidity point is 40-55; and the phosphorylation treatment tank is matched with ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 30-40 KHz for common treatment. And the ultrasonic wave is adopted for cooperative treatment, so that the use amount of phosphoric acid liquid is reduced, and the efficiency and quality of surface treatment are improved.
As a preferable technical scheme, the compression ratio of each pass of pre-drawing the wire rod is 20-35%.
As a preferred technical scheme, the compression ratio of each drawing pass of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire is 12-18%.
As an optimized technical scheme, the temperature of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire is raised to 850-920 ℃ at the speed of 30-50 ℃/s.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the uniform grain structure and surface deformation are ensured by optimizing the drawing process, and the strength of the steel wire is improved; the oil quenching-tempering process technology is optimized, nucleation and growth of sorbite are promoted by optimizing cooling speed and heat preservation time, sorbite impurities, component segregation and shrinkage porosity are reduced, sorbite piece spacing is thinned and compressed, cracks are reduced, deformation is controlled, steel wire strength and plastic toughness are synchronously improved, and the problems of large relative strength difference, large fluctuation and unstable whole strip performance during quenching of the original steel wire are solved. The elastic card clothing prepared by the method meets the requirements that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2350 +/-50 MPa, the total elongation at break is more than or equal to 6.0 percent, the single torsion is more than or equal to 6000 times/360 degrees, the yield ratio is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the adhesive force is more than or equal to 1750N.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
A drawing process of a high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire,
(1) selecting a wire rod:
the selected wire rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.8%, Si: 0.2%, Mn: 0.5%, Ni: 2%, Cr: 0.15%, rare earth elements: 0.01%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the diameter of the wire rod is 6.5 mm; the rare earth element is cerium;
(2) preparing the surface of a wire rod:
mechanically husking the wire rod through at least 6 husking wheel grooves, wherein the plane included angle of two adjacent husking wheels is 90 degrees; the wire rod is treated by a lubricant before passing through each husking wheel, and is heated by a water bath at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ after passing through each husking wheel; carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the mechanically-peeled wire rod, coating a lubricant, and curing in a heating furnace;
(3) pre-drawing the wire rod to prepare an elastic card clothing steel wire semi-finished product:
performing dry cold drawing on a wire rod, wherein the wire rod with the diameter of 6.5mm is drawn to the diameter of 1.81mm, the deviation is +/-0.02 mm, the total compression ratio is 92%, 8-pass drawing is performed, the drawing speed is 4-5 m/s, the angle of a working area of a wire drawing die is 9-12 degrees, the length coefficient L/D of a sizing belt of the wire drawing die is 0.2-0.3, L is the length of the sizing belt, and D is the diameter of the wire drawing die;
| pass | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Partial compressibility (%) | 30 | 28 | 27.4 | 27 | 26.5 | 27 | 26.8 | 26.5 |
| Diameter of each pass (mm) | 5.44 | 4.62 | 3.94 | 3.37 | 2.89 | 2.47 | 2.11 | 1.81 |
Therefore, the drawing route of pre-drawing the steel wire with the diameter of 6.5mm to 1.81mm to the wire rod is as follows:
6.5——5.44——4.62——3.94——3.37——2.89——2.47——2.11 ——1.81。
(4) carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire by using a naked furnace, respectively setting four heating zones of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4, setting furnace temperatures of 1050 ℃, 1020 ℃, 980 ℃ and 950 ℃ in sequence, setting the temperature of a preheating section of the furnace temperature to be 920-960 ℃, the temperature of a heating section to be 980-1020 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section to be 960-980 ℃, the linear temperature of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to be 880-930 ℃ and the heating time to be 60-90 s; penetrating the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire heated by the heating furnace into a lead tank, and carrying out lead quenching on lead molten at the lead temperature of 580-650 ℃, wherein the length of the lead tank is 8m, and the lead quenching time is 45 s;
(5) drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire after lead quenching again;
performing water tank type drawing on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire, drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire with the diameter of 1.81mm to the elastic card clothing steel wire with the diameter of 0.3mm, wherein the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression rate is 97%, and drawing is performed for 24 times, and the drawing speed is 6-8 m/s;
the drawing route of the semi-finished product phi 1.81-phi 0.3mm of the elastic card clothing steel wire is as follows:
1.81——1.64——1.49——1.36——1.24——1.14——1.05—— 0.97——0.89——0.82——0.76——0.70——0.65——0.60——0.56——0.52——0.49——0.46——0.43——0.40——0.38——0.36——0.34 ——0.32——0.30。
(6) quenching and tempering the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire:
heating the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to 850-920 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-8 s, soaking the heated semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire in an oil tank for oil quenching, wherein the oil temperature in the oil tank is 20-35 ℃, and the quenching time is 2-3 s; heating the quenched semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to 400-450 ℃ and preserving heat for 2-3 s, placing the tempered steel wire which is cooled in air into a cooling pool with cooling water for cooling, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 20-30 ℃; and (4) coating rust preventive oil on the cooled steel wire to obtain a finished product.
The prepared elastic card clothing steel wire meets the conditions that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2350MPa, the total elongation at break is more than or equal to 6.0 percent, the single-item torsion is more than or equal to 6000 times/360 degrees, the yield ratio is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the adhesive force is more than or equal to 1750N.
And (3) carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the wire rod: the phosphating temperature is 70-85 ℃, the phosphating time is 3-5 s, phosphoric acid and zinc phosphate are used for preparing a phosphating solution, the acid ratio of the phosphating solution is 5-7, the free acidity point is 8-12, and the total acidity point is 40-55; the phosphorylation treatment tank is matched with ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 30KHz for joint treatment.
The semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire is heated to 850-920 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/s.
The section of the elastic card clothing steel wire is biconvex, oval and triangular.
Example 2
A drawing process of a high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire,
(1) selecting a wire rod:
the wire rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.8%, Si: 0.1%, Mn: 0.4%, Ni: 2.6%, Cr: 0.1%, rare earth elements: 0.005%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the diameter of the wire rod is 5-9 mm; the rare earth elements are cerium and yttrium in a mass ratio of 1: 1;
(2) preparing the surface of a wire rod:
mechanically husking the wire rod by at least 6 husking wheel grooves, wherein the plane included angle of two adjacent husking wheels is 90 degrees; the wire rod is treated by a lubricant before passing through each husking wheel, and is heated by a water bath at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ after passing through each husking wheel; carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the mechanically-peeled wire rod, coating a lubricant, and curing in a heating furnace;
(3) pre-drawing the wire rod to prepare an elastic card clothing steel wire semi-finished product:
performing dry cold drawing on a wire rod, wherein the wire rod with the diameter of 5.5mm is drawn to the diameter of 1.23mm, the deviation is +/-0.02 mm, the total compression ratio is 95%, 10-pass drawing is performed, the drawing speed is 4-5 m/s, the angle of a working area of a wire drawing die is 9-12 degrees, the length coefficient L/D of a sizing band of the wire drawing die is 0.2-0.3, L is the length of the sizing band, and D is the diameter of the wire drawing die;
therefore, the drawing route of pre-drawing the steel wire with the diameter of 5.5mm to 1.23mm to the wire rod is as follows:
5.5——4.76——4.01——3.39——2.89——2.48——2.18——1.89 ——1.64——1.42——1.23。
(4) carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire by using a naked furnace, respectively setting four heating zones of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4, setting furnace temperatures of 1050 ℃, 1020 ℃, 980 ℃ and 950 ℃ in sequence, setting the temperature of a preheating section of the furnace temperature to be 920-960 ℃, the temperature of a heating section to be 980-1020 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section to be 960-980 ℃, the linear temperature of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to be 880-930 ℃ and the heating time to be 60-90 s; penetrating the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire heated by the heating furnace into a lead tank, and carrying out lead quenching on lead molten at the lead temperature of 580-650 ℃, wherein the length of the lead tank is 8-12 m, and the lead quenching time is 30-60 s;
(5) drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire after lead quenching again:
performing water tank type drawing on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire, drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire with the diameter of 1.23mm to the elastic card clothing steel wire with the diameter of 0.36mm, wherein the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression rate is 91%, and drawing is performed for 20 times, and the drawing speed is 6-8 m/s;
the drawing route of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire with phi of 1.23mm to phi of 0.36mm is as follows:
1.23——1.14——1.05——0.97——0.90——0.84——0.78—— 0.73——0.68——0.64——0.60——0.56——0.53——0.50——0.47——0.44——0.42——0.40——0.69——0.38——0.36。
(6) quenching and tempering the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire:
heating the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to 850-920 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-8 s, soaking the heated semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire in an oil tank for oil quenching, wherein the oil temperature in the oil tank is 20-35 ℃, and the quenching time is 2-3 s; heating the quenched semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to 400-450 ℃ and preserving heat for 2-3 s, placing the tempered steel wire which is cooled in air into a cooling pool with cooling water for cooling, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 20-30 ℃; and (4) coating rust preventive oil on the cooled steel wire to obtain a finished product.
The prepared elastic card clothing steel wire meets the conditions that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2350MPa, the total elongation at break is more than or equal to 6.0 percent, the single-item torsion is more than or equal to 6000 times/360 degrees, the yield ratio is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the adhesive force is more than or equal to 1750N.
And (3) carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the wire rod: the phosphating temperature is 70-85 ℃, the phosphating time is 3-5 s, phosphoric acid and zinc phosphate are used for preparing a phosphating solution, the acid ratio of the phosphating solution is 5-7, the free acidity point is 8-12, and the total acidity point is 40-55; the phosphorylation treatment tank is matched with ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 30KHz for joint treatment.
The semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire is heated to 850-920 ℃ at a speed of 45 ℃/s.
The section of the elastic card clothing steel wire is biconvex, oval and triangular.
Claims (6)
1. A drawing process of a high-elasticity high-nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire is characterized in that,
(1) selecting a wire rod:
the wire rod comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.6-1.2%, Si: 0.1-0.6%, Mn: 0.4-0.7%, Ni: 2-3.2%, Cr: 0.1-0.28%, rare earth elements: 0.005-0.02%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the diameter of the wire rod is 5-9 mm;
(2) preparing the surface of a wire rod:
mechanically husking the wire rod through at least 6 husking wheel grooves, wherein the plane included angle of two adjacent husking wheels is 90 degrees; the wire rod is treated by a lubricant before passing through each husking wheel, and is heated by a water bath at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ after passing through each husking wheel; carrying out phosphorylation treatment on the mechanically-peeled wire rod, coating a lubricant, and curing in a heating furnace;
(3) pre-drawing the wire rod to prepare an elastic card clothing steel wire semi-finished product:
performing dry cold drawing on a wire rod, wherein the wire rod with the diameter of 5-9 mm is drawn to the diameter of 1-2 mm, the deviation is +/-0.02 mm, the total compression ratio is 88-98%, 8-12 times of drawing are performed, the drawing speed is 4-5 m/s, the angle of a working area of a wire drawing die is 9-12 degrees, the length coefficient L/D of a sizing belt of the wire drawing die is 0.2-0.3, L is the length of the sizing belt, and D is the diameter of the wire drawing die;
(4) carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire:
carrying out heat treatment on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire by using a naked furnace, respectively setting four heating zones of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4, setting furnace temperatures of 1050 ℃, 1020 ℃, 980 ℃ and 950 ℃ in sequence, setting the temperature of a preheating section of the furnace temperature to be 920-960 ℃, the temperature of a heating section to be 980-1020 ℃, the temperature of a soaking section to be 960-980 ℃, the linear temperature of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to be 880-930 ℃ and the heating time to be 60-90 s; penetrating the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire heated by the heating furnace into a lead tank, and carrying out lead quenching on lead molten at the lead temperature of 580-650 ℃, wherein the length of the lead tank is 8-12 m, and the lead quenching time is 30-60 s;
(5) drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire after lead quenching again:
performing water tank type drawing on the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire, drawing the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire with the diameter of 1-2 mm to the elastic card clothing steel wire with the diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm, wherein the deviation is +/-0.01 mm, the total compression ratio is 91-98%, and drawing is performed for 15-24 times, and the drawing speed is 6-8 m/s;
(6) quenching and tempering the drawn steel wire:
heating the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire to 850-920 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-8 s, soaking the heated semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire in an oil tank for oil quenching, wherein the oil temperature in the oil tank is 20-35 ℃, and the quenching time is 2-3 s; heating and tempering the quenched semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire at 400-450 ℃ for 2-3 s, placing the tempered steel wire cooled in air into a cooling pool with cooling water for cooling, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 20-30 ℃; coating antirust oil on the cooled steel wire to obtain a finished product;
the prepared elastic card clothing steel wire meets the conditions that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 2350 +/-50 MPa, the total elongation at break is more than or equal to 6.0 percent, the single-item torsion is more than or equal to 6000 times/360 degrees, the yield ratio is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the adhesive force is more than or equal to 1750N.
2. The drawing process of a high elasticity high nickel alloy profiled elastic card clothing wire as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the wire rod phosphorylation treatment: the phosphating temperature is 70-85 ℃, the phosphating time is 3-5 s, phosphoric acid and zinc phosphate are used for preparing a phosphating solution, the acid ratio of the phosphating solution is 5-7, the free acidity point is 8-12, and the total acidity point is 40-55; and the phosphorylation treatment tank is matched with ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 30-40 KHz for common treatment.
3. The drawing process of the high elasticity high nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire according to claim 2, wherein the compression ratio of each pass of the pre-drawing of the wire rod is 25-30%.
4. The drawing process of the high elasticity high nickel alloy special-shaped elastic card clothing steel wire as claimed in claim 3, wherein the compression ratio of each drawing pass of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire is 8-15%.
5. The drawing process of the high elasticity high nickel alloy profiled elastic card clothing steel wire as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that in the step (6), the temperature of the semi-finished product of the elastic card clothing steel wire is raised to 880-900 ℃ at 30-50 ℃/s.
6. The drawing process of a high elasticity high nickel alloy deformed elastic card clothing wire as claimed in claim 5, wherein the section of the elastic card clothing wire is biconvex, elliptical, triangular.
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