CN112953156A - Cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting mixed material stator magnetic core - Google Patents

Cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting mixed material stator magnetic core Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112953156A
CN112953156A CN202110422642.0A CN202110422642A CN112953156A CN 112953156 A CN112953156 A CN 112953156A CN 202110422642 A CN202110422642 A CN 202110422642A CN 112953156 A CN112953156 A CN 112953156A
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magnetic core
silicon steel
stator
permanent magnet
steel sheet
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CN202110422642.0A
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CN112953156B (en
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王韶鹏
刘成成
汪友华
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Hebei University of Technology
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Hebei University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/03Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
    • H02K41/031Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting a stator magnetic core made of a mixed material, which adopts a mixed structure of silicon steel sheets and a soft magnetic composite material as the stator magnetic core of the motor, changes the laminating direction of the silicon steel sheets in the traditional motor, avoids eddy current loss caused by that magnetic flux vertically passes through the axially laminated silicon steel sheets, improves the utilization rate of a winding by filling the soft magnetic composite material in a circumferential residual space, and provides more magnetic flux paths. Compared with a magnetic core completely made of soft magnetic composite materials, the tangentially-laminated silicon steel sheets make up the defect of low magnetic conductivity of the soft magnetic composite materials, and improve the magnetic conductivity on a magnetic flux path.

Description

Cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting mixed material stator magnetic core
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cylindrical permanent magnet linear motors, in particular to a cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting a stator magnetic core made of a mixed material.
Background
In a traditional cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor, a motor magnetic core is mostly formed by laminating silicon steel sheets along the axial direction of the motor. However, in the running process of the motor, the magnetic flux path can be perpendicular to the silicon steel sheet in the axial direction, namely, the magnetic flux vertically penetrates through the silicon steel sheet, according to the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the motor magnetic core can generate a large amount of eddy current loss in a high-frequency changing magnetic field, the running efficiency of the motor is reduced, meanwhile, the eddy current loss causes the motor to generate heat seriously, and the permanent magnet has the risk of demagnetization at high temperature. With the development of new magnetic materials, soft magnetic composite materials are increasingly applied to the design and manufacture of motors. The soft magnetic composite material is metal particles coated by an insulating layer and manufactured by a powder metallurgy technology, and can be directly pressed into a structure required by a motor magnetic core by a mould pressing technology. The material has the characteristics of small eddy current loss and magnetic and thermal isotropy, so that the material is suitable for a motor with a complex structure, particularly relating to a three-dimensional magnetic circuit. In traditional cylinder permanent magnet linear electric motor, the magnetic core of adoption soft magnetic composite preparation motor has solved the problem that adopts silicon steel sheet material to produce eddy current loss to the magnetic core can be formed through the mould suppression, in the volume production, can greatly reduced processing cost of manufacture. However, soft magnetic composite materials also have certain disadvantages, such as low magnetic permeability, large hysteresis loss, and are not ideal for motors with low operating frequencies.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the original motor, the invention provides a cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting a stator magnetic core made of a mixed material. According to the motor, the silicon steel sheets and the soft magnetic composite material are used as the stator magnetic core in a mixed mode, the laminating direction of the silicon steel sheets is changed, magnetic flux can pass through the surface of the silicon steel sheets in the axial direction, and eddy current loss caused by the fact that the magnetic flux vertically penetrates through the silicon steel sheets is avoided. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional magnetic conductivity of the soft magnetic composite material is utilized to supplement the space which is not fully laminated by the silicon steel sheets so as to increase the path of the magnetic flux.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is to design a cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting a mixed material stator magnetic core, and the cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor is characterized by comprising the stator magnetic core, a rotor magnetic core, a permanent magnet and an armature winding, wherein the stator magnetic core is cylindrical, a plurality of annular grooves taking the axis of the stator magnetic core as the axis are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the stator magnetic core towards the direction of the outer surface, and the armature winding is arranged in each annular groove;
the rotor magnetic core is also cylindrical, the length of the rotor magnetic core is longer than that of the stator magnetic core, a plurality of annular permanent magnets with the same radial thickness and the same axial width are sleeved on the outer surface of the rotor magnetic core along the axial direction, the outer surface of the rotor magnetic core is fully distributed with the permanent magnets, and the rotor magnetic core and the stator magnetic core are fixedly connected through an adhesive; the rotor magnetic core sleeved with the permanent magnet is arranged in the stator magnetic core and coaxial with the stator magnetic core, and a circle of air gap is formed between the inner surface of the stator magnetic core and the outer surface of the permanent magnet;
the stator magnetic core comprises silicon steel sheet units and soft magnetic composite material units, the number of the silicon steel sheet units is the same as that of the soft magnetic composite material units, the structures and the sizes of the same units are the same, and the same units are separated by another unit and are circumferentially spliced to form a complete cylinder; the silicon steel sheet unit is formed by a plurality of silicon steel sheets which are firstly laminated, bonded, fastened and connected and then cut, the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit are two curved surfaces, the other side surfaces are planes, and the inner side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit is provided with a notch for mounting an armature winding;
the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit are respectively part of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the stator magnetic core; the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the soft magnetic composite material unit are also two curved surfaces, the arc length of the inner side surface is shorter than that of the outer side surface, and the inner side surface is also provided with a notch which is matched with the notch on the silicon steel sheet unit; the two rectangular silicon steel sheets, the silicon steel sheet units and the soft magnetic composite material units are fixedly connected through adhesives.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the mixed structure of the silicon steel sheets and the soft magnetic composite material as the stator magnetic core of the motor, changes the laminating direction of the silicon steel sheets in the traditional motor, avoids the eddy current loss caused by the magnetic flux vertically passing through the axially laminated silicon steel sheets, improves the utilization rate of the winding by filling the soft magnetic composite material in the circumferential residual space, and provides more magnetic flux paths. Compared with a magnetic core completely made of soft magnetic composite materials, the tangentially-laminated silicon steel sheets make up the defect of low magnetic conductivity of the soft magnetic composite materials, and improve the magnetic conductivity on a magnetic flux path.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the motor of the present invention (a single silicon steel sheet is very thin, less than 0.5mm, so the silicon steel sheet unit is taken as a whole in the drawing, the same applies below);
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a stator core according to an embodiment of the motor of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic axial structure diagram of a stator core of an embodiment of the motor of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a silicon steel sheet unit according to an embodiment of the motor of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a soft magnetic composite material unit according to an embodiment of the motor of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view (axial view, which is only used for illustrating the stacking manner) of silicon steel sheets of a silicon steel sheet unit according to an embodiment of the motor of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the axial flux path and the generation of eddy currents in a conventional motor stator core;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the axial flux path and the eddy current generation of the stator core of the motor of the present invention;
the reference numbers are as follows:
wherein: 1-silicon steel sheet unit; 2-soft magnetic composite material unit; 3-an armature winding; 4-a permanent magnet; 5-mover magnetic core; a-a stator yoke; b-stator teeth.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor (a motor for short, see fig. 1-6) adopting a mixed material stator magnetic core, which comprises a stator magnetic core, a rotor magnetic core, a permanent magnet and an armature winding, wherein the stator magnetic core is cylindrical, a plurality of annular grooves taking the axis of the stator magnetic core as the axis are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the stator magnetic core in the direction towards the outer surface, and the armature winding is arranged in each annular groove;
the rotor magnetic core is also cylindrical, the length of the rotor magnetic core is longer than that of the stator magnetic core, a plurality of annular permanent magnets with the same radial thickness and the same axial width are sleeved on the outer surface of the rotor magnetic core along the axial direction, the outer surface of the rotor magnetic core is fully distributed with the permanent magnets, and the rotor magnetic core and the stator magnetic core are fixedly connected through an adhesive; the rotor magnetic core sleeved with the permanent magnet is arranged in the stator magnetic core and coaxial, and a circle of air gap is formed between the inner surface of the stator magnetic core and the outer surface of the permanent magnet.
The stator magnetic core comprises silicon steel sheet units and soft magnetic composite material units, the silicon steel sheet units and the soft magnetic composite material units are the same in number, the same unit structure and the same size are the same, and the same unit is separated by another unit and is circumferentially spliced to form a complete cylinder. The silicon steel sheet unit is formed by laminating, bonding, fastening and connecting a plurality of silicon steel sheets, and then cutting, wherein the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit are two curved surfaces, the other side surfaces are planes, and notches for mounting armature windings are arranged on the inner side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit. Specifically, the silicon steel sheet unit can be obtained by: firstly, a plurality of silicon steel sheets are respectively cut into gaps with the width equal to the width of an annular channel groove on the inner side of a stator magnetic core, then the silicon steel sheets are inserted into an annular mold with the same size as the annular channel one by one through an opening, and meanwhile, the silicon steel sheets are bonded by an adhesive and the stacking width of the silicon steel sheets is limited to be the design width. And then, performing linear cutting on the front side and the rear side of the silicon steel sheet to form two parallel curved surfaces on the inner side and the outer side of the laminated silicon steel sheet so as to form a silicon steel sheet unit.
The inner side surface and the outer side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit are respectively a part of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the stator magnetic core. The inner side surface and the outer side surface of the soft magnetic composite material unit are also two curved surfaces, the arc length of the inner side surface is shorter than that of the outer side surface, and the inner side surface is also provided with a notch which is matched with the notch on the silicon steel sheet unit. The two rectangular silicon steel sheets, the silicon steel sheet units and the soft magnetic composite material units are fixedly connected through adhesives.
Specifically, as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the stator core includes five silicon steel sheet units 1 and five soft magnetic composite material units 2, and the two units are circumferentially spliced to form a complete cylindrical stator core.
In the embodiment, the widths of the annular grooves at the two ends in the stator magnetic core are the same and are half of the width of the annular groove at the middle part, and the annular grooves at the two ends are respectively provided with an armature winding; two armature windings are respectively arranged in the annular channel in the middle part, and the two armature windings are insulated.
The rotor magnetic core 5 is made of soft magnetic composite materials and is formed by compression molding.
The soft magnetic composite material unit 2 is obtained by molding a soft magnetic composite material.
The permanent magnet 4 is made of ferrite materials, and the armature winding 3 is a copper wire.
The model number of the soft magnetic composite material is 7003P.
The working principle of the motor of the invention is as follows: the rotor magnetic core 5 is sleeved and fixed on the shaft, the stator magnetic core is sleeved on the outer side surface of the rotor magnetic core 5 and shares the same axis with the rotor magnetic core, a circle of air gap is reserved between the rotor magnetic core and the stator magnetic core, and the stator magnetic core is fixed on the base through a mounting accessory. When the motor operates, the rotor magnetic core 5 moves linearly along the axial direction, magnetic flux flows out of the permanent magnet, enters the stator tooth part through the air gap, passes through the stator yoke part, flows out of the adjacent stator tooth part, and returns to the permanent magnet through the air gap. The main magnetic flux comprises radial and axial magnetic fluxes, the silicon steel sheet unit part of the stator magnetic core is characterized in that the radial magnetic flux penetrates through the stator tooth part of the silicon steel sheet, the axial magnetic flux penetrates through the stator yoke part of the silicon steel sheet and is parallel to the surface of the silicon steel sheet, eddy current loss caused by the fact that the axial magnetic flux of the yoke part vertically penetrates through the silicon steel sheet when the silicon steel sheet is axially laminated in the prior art is avoided, the circumferential residual space is filled with soft magnetic composite materials, the utilization rate of a winding is improved, and more magnetic flux paths are provided. Compared with a stator magnetic core completely made of soft magnetic composite materials, the stator magnetic core is added with the tangentially-laminated silicon steel sheets, the defect of low magnetic conductivity of the soft magnetic composite materials is overcome, and the magnetic conductivity on a magnetic flux path is improved.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.

Claims (8)

1. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting a mixed material stator magnetic core is characterized by comprising a stator magnetic core, a rotor magnetic core, a permanent magnet and an armature winding, wherein the stator magnetic core is cylindrical, a plurality of annular grooves taking the axis of the stator magnetic core as the axis are uniformly arranged on the inner surface of the stator magnetic core in the direction towards the outer surface, and the armature winding is arranged in each annular groove;
the rotor magnetic core is also cylindrical, the length of the rotor magnetic core is longer than that of the stator magnetic core, a plurality of annular permanent magnets with the same radial thickness and the same axial width are sleeved on the outer surface of the rotor magnetic core along the axial direction, the outer surface of the rotor magnetic core is fully distributed with the permanent magnets, and the rotor magnetic core and the stator magnetic core are fixedly connected through an adhesive; the rotor magnetic core sleeved with the permanent magnet is arranged in the stator magnetic core and coaxial with the stator magnetic core, and a circle of air gap is formed between the inner surface of the stator magnetic core and the outer surface of the permanent magnet;
the stator magnetic core comprises silicon steel sheet units and soft magnetic composite material units, the number of the silicon steel sheet units is the same as that of the soft magnetic composite material units, the structures and the sizes of the same units are the same, and the same units are separated by another unit and are circumferentially spliced to form a complete cylinder; the silicon steel sheet unit is formed by a plurality of silicon steel sheets which are firstly laminated, bonded, fastened and connected and then cut, the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit are two curved surfaces, the other side surfaces are planes, and the inner side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit is provided with a notch for mounting an armature winding;
the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the silicon steel sheet unit are respectively part of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the stator magnetic core; the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the soft magnetic composite material unit are also two curved surfaces, the arc length of the inner side surface is shorter than that of the outer side surface, and the inner side surface is also provided with a notch which is matched with the notch on the silicon steel sheet unit; the two rectangular silicon steel sheets, the silicon steel sheet units and the soft magnetic composite material units are fixedly connected through adhesives.
2. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor using a hybrid material stator core according to claim 1, wherein the stator core comprises five silicon steel sheet units and five soft magnetic composite material units.
3. The cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor using the hybrid material stator core as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mover core is a soft magnetic composite material and is molded by compression molding.
4. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor with a hybrid material stator core as in claim 1 wherein said permanent magnets are ferrite material.
5. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor with a hybrid material stator core as in claim 1 wherein the armature winding is copper wire.
6. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor with hybrid material stator cores in accordance with claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic composite elements are molded soft magnetic composite.
7. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor with a mixed-material stator core according to any of claims 3 or 6, characterized in that the soft magnetic composite material is 7003P.
8. A cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting a mixed material stator magnetic core according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the width of the annular channels at the two ends of the interior of the stator magnetic core is the same and is half of the width of the annular channel at the middle part, and the annular channels at the two ends are respectively provided with an armature winding; two armature windings are respectively arranged in the annular channel in the middle part, and the two armature windings are insulated.
CN202110422642.0A 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting mixed material stator magnetic core Active CN112953156B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012119302A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 浙江博望科技发展有限公司 Ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor
WO2012119301A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 浙江博望科技发展有限公司 Ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor
CN106067720A (en) * 2016-07-06 2016-11-02 江苏大学 A kind of low-loss semi-closed port grooved fault-tolerant permanent-magnetic cylindrical linear electric motors and processing method thereof
CN108683313A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-10-19 河北工业大学 A kind of efficient axial flux permanent magnet motor of high power density
CN108696094A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-10-23 沈阳工业大学 A kind of not equal teeth mixed structure permanent-magnetism linear motor of soft-magnetic composite material
CN108832791A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-11-16 河北工业大学 A kind of magnetic pawl motor of high power density high efficiency high reliability
CN109004777A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-12-14 河北工业大学 A kind of flux-reversal claw-pole motor component
CN214480221U (en) * 2021-04-16 2021-10-22 河北工业大学 Cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting mixed material stator magnetic core

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012119302A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 浙江博望科技发展有限公司 Ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor
WO2012119301A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 浙江博望科技发展有限公司 Ferrite three-phase permanent magnet motor
CN106067720A (en) * 2016-07-06 2016-11-02 江苏大学 A kind of low-loss semi-closed port grooved fault-tolerant permanent-magnetic cylindrical linear electric motors and processing method thereof
CN108696094A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-10-23 沈阳工业大学 A kind of not equal teeth mixed structure permanent-magnetism linear motor of soft-magnetic composite material
CN108683313A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-10-19 河北工业大学 A kind of efficient axial flux permanent magnet motor of high power density
CN108832791A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-11-16 河北工业大学 A kind of magnetic pawl motor of high power density high efficiency high reliability
CN109004777A (en) * 2018-07-26 2018-12-14 河北工业大学 A kind of flux-reversal claw-pole motor component
CN214480221U (en) * 2021-04-16 2021-10-22 河北工业大学 Cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor adopting mixed material stator magnetic core

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