CN112952840B - Method for rapidly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line - Google Patents

Method for rapidly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line Download PDF

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CN112952840B
CN112952840B CN202110140419.7A CN202110140419A CN112952840B CN 112952840 B CN112952840 B CN 112952840B CN 202110140419 A CN202110140419 A CN 202110140419A CN 112952840 B CN112952840 B CN 112952840B
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CN112952840A (en
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余笑东
王涛
刘海光
周鲲鹏
曹侃
万黎
饶渝泽
王莹
陈汝斯
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for quickly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of an ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line, which comprises the following steps: firstly, extracting relevant line information according to an initial power flow result; then reasonably segmenting the line, solving the charging power, the reactive power and the segmentation tail end voltage of each segment section by section, taking the tail end voltage of the segment section as the next segmentation calculation initial value, and gradually solving the voltage of each segment section along the line; after all the segmentation solutions are completed, returning the calculated value to be compared with the initial value, and if the error is greater than the preset deviation value, re-iterating and calculating; and if the error is smaller than the preset deviation value, finishing the calculation, returning the voltage value of each segment along the line, and drawing the line voltage distribution characteristic of the line. The method can quickly calculate the voltage distribution characteristics along the line when the ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line containing the parallel high-impedance capacitors, the series compensation capacitors and the like is in idle charging, and has important significance for preventing equipment damage caused by long-time overvoltage during the debugging period of the newly-built power transmission line of the power grid.

Description

Method for rapidly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for calculating voltage distribution characteristics of an alternating current transmission line of a power system, in particular to a method for quickly calculating the voltage distribution characteristics of an ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line.
Background
When a newly-built ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line of an electric power system is put into operation, the debugging work needs to be started before the line is put into operation, and the debugging work relates to the process of carrying out empty charging on the line. Under the empty charging state, the highest value of the line voltage generally exceeds the rated operation voltage of the equipment, and because the voltage grade of the ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line is higher, even if the ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line is operated for a long time under only 1.2 times of the rated voltage, severe examination can be brought to the insulation of the power equipment, and the equipment is damaged irreversibly.
Therefore, before the ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line starts debugging work, the highest voltage value of the line in the empty charging state needs to be calculated, and damage to power equipment is prevented. At present, the current mainstream power system load flow simulation software in China can only calculate the voltages at two sides of a line, but when a line with high impedance is arranged at the tail end and is empty charged, the highest value of the line voltage is usually not at the tail end of the line but at a certain position in the middle of the line; when the series compensation capacitor is installed on the circuit, the voltage distribution characteristics are more complicated. Therefore, a method for rapidly estimating the voltage distribution characteristics along the line of the ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line in the idle charging state is needed.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for quickly calculating the voltage distribution characteristics of an ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line, which is used for quickly estimating the line voltage of a newly-built ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line (especially a line provided with a parallel high-voltage reactor) of a power system in an empty charge state before starting debugging work, so that the power equipment is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the power equipment is in an overvoltage state for a long time during starting debugging.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for quickly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of an ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line, which is used for quickly estimating the line voltage of a newly-built ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line (especially a line provided with a parallel high-voltage reactor) of a power system before starting debugging work in an idle charging state of the transmission line, so that the maximum value of the line voltage of the transmission line is prevented from exceeding a regulation operation range, and damage to power equipment caused by long-time overvoltage state during starting debugging is prevented, and the operation risk of a power grid and national economic loss are caused.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for quickly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of an ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting relevant line information according to the initial power flow result;
(2) segmenting the line according to the information acquired in the step (1), then solving the ground charging power, the reactive power and the terminal voltage of each segment by segment, taking the terminal voltage of the segment as the initial value of the next segmentation calculation, and calculating the voltage of each segment by segment along the line until the terminal voltage of the line is solved;
(3) after all the segmentation solutions are completed, returning the calculated value to be compared with the initial value, and if the error is greater than the preset deviation value, re-iterating and calculating; and if the error is smaller than the preset deviation value, finishing the calculation, returning the voltage value of each segment along the line, and drawing the line voltage distribution characteristic of the line.
Further, the step (1) extracts the line related information according to the initial power flow result, including the total length of the line, the total impedance X of the line, and the total half-to-ground susceptance B12Capacity Q of parallel high-voltage reactorLSeries compensation capacitance impedance XCAnd an installation position LCLine system side voltage U0。
Further, in the step (2), the line is segmented at equal intervals according to the total line length obtained in the step (1), and each segmented line is regarded as independent
Figure GDA0002998418950000021
Equivalent circuit, the whole circuit being treated as several sections
Figure GDA0002998418950000022
The equivalent circuits are connected in series; reuse line system side voltage U0Half of each segmented line to ground susceptance B1/2Impedance of each sectional line, series compensation capacitor X installed on the lineCAnd its mounting position LCCapacity Q of parallel high-voltage reactor installed at end of lineLCalculating the charging power to ground Q of each segmentibEstimating the reactive power Q flowing on each segmentiAnd solving for the voltage drop DeltaU of the sectionalized lineiTo obtain the end voltage U of the segmentimFurther, the line terminal voltage U is calculated section by sectionNm。
Further, the step (2) is specifically as follows:
assuming that the line is divided into N sections altogether, the voltage at the head end of the ith section is UidTerminal voltage is UimWhere i 1, 2.. times.n, then there are the head and tail voltages of the i-th segment as:
Figure GDA0002998418950000031
and each segment of ground charging power
Figure GDA0002998418950000032
Thereby estimating the reactive power flowing on the segment
Figure GDA0002998418950000033
If the series compensation capacitor is installed on the circuit, the series compensation capacitance coefficient C for the ith sectioniComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002998418950000034
pressure drop over the segment
Figure GDA0002998418950000035
And solving the voltage drop of the segmented line, calculating the head end voltage of the next segmented line according to the head end voltage of the segment, and then calculating segment by segment along the line until the tail end voltage of the line is solved to obtain:
the end voltages of the segments are:
Figure GDA0002998418950000036
and (3) calculating section by section:
line end voltage
Figure GDA0002998418950000037
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the voltage distribution characteristics along the ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line are calculated, the influence of a high-voltage shunt reactor and a series compensation capacitor of the line on the voltage distribution characteristics can be taken into account, when the voltage distribution characteristics along the line are very complex, the voltage distribution characteristics of the line can still be accurately solved, and the highest value place of the voltage are calculated;
2. before calculation, only the total impedance of the line and the total half of the susceptance B to the ground are needed1/2The system side voltage, the capacity of a high-voltage shunt reactor, the impedance of a series compensation capacitor and other parameters are collected, so that the voltage distribution characteristic along the ultra/ultrahigh voltage transmission line can be quickly estimated, and compared with the existing method, the method has the advantages of less required parameters, high calculation speed and accurate calculation result;
3. the rapid estimation method for the voltage distribution characteristics along the ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line has good convergence characteristics, even if the preset deviation value delta Q is only 0.1% of the high-resistance capacity, iterative convergence can be carried out within 3-5 times, and compared with the existing method, the method ensures high calculation accuracy and greatly saves calculation time.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of one embodiment of a method for rapidly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of an ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a series schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention equivalent to several independent equivalent circuits of 'r' type;
FIG. 3 is a voltage distribution characteristic along the line at a line segment number of 10;
FIG. 4 is a voltage distribution characteristic along the line at 20 line segments;
FIG. 5 is a voltage distribution characteristic along the line at 50 line segments;
FIG. 6 is a voltage distribution characteristic along the line with a line segment number of 100;
fig. 7 is a line voltage distribution characteristic at a line segment number of 200.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for quickly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of an ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line, including the following steps:
(1) extracting relevant line information according to the initial power flow result;
extracting line related information including total line length, total line impedance X and total half-to-ground susceptance B according to the initial power flow result1/2Capacity Q of parallel high-voltage reactorLSeries compensation capacitance impedance XCAnd an installation position LCLine system side voltage U0And so on.
If the total impedance of the line and the total half of the susceptance to ground B1/2If the line type cannot be obtained, typical parameters of the line conductor type can be adopted; if the system side voltage of the line cannot be obtained, the estimation can be carried out through the equivalent impedance of the system side.
(2) Segmenting the line according to the information acquired in the step (1), then solving the ground charging power, the reactive power and the terminal voltage of each segment by segment, taking the terminal voltage of the segment as the initial value of the next segmentation calculation, and calculating the voltage of each segment by segment along the line until the terminal voltage of the line is solved;
step (2) equally spacing and segmenting the line according to the total length information of the line obtained in step (1) (generally taking 2-5km as the length of one segment), and regarding each segmented line as an independent line
Figure GDA0002998418950000051
Equivalent circuit, the whole circuit being treated as several sections
Figure GDA0002998418950000052
The equivalent circuits are connected in series, as shown in FIG. 2; reuse line system side voltage U0Half of each segmented line to ground susceptance B1/2Impedance of each sectional line, series compensation capacitor X installed on the lineCAnd its mounting position LCCapacity Q of parallel high-voltage reactor installed at end of lineLCalculating the charging power to ground Q of each segmentibEstimating the reactive power Q flowing on each segmentiAnd solving for the voltage drop DeltaU of the sectionalized lineiTo obtain the end voltage U of the segmentimFurther, the line terminal voltage U is calculated section by sectionNm。
Specifically, suppose the line is divided into N segments in total, and the voltage at the head end of the i-th segment is UidTerminal voltage is UimWhere i 1, 2.. times.n, then there are the head and tail voltages of the i-th segment as:
Figure GDA0002998418950000053
and each segment of ground charging power
Figure GDA0002998418950000054
The reactive power flowing through the segment can be estimated thereby
Figure GDA0002998418950000055
If the series compensation capacitor is installed on the circuit, the series compensation capacitance coefficient C for the ith sectioniComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002998418950000061
pressure drop over the segment
Figure GDA0002998418950000062
And solving the voltage drop of the segmented line, calculating the head end voltage of the next segmented line according to the head end voltage of the segment, and then calculating segment by segment along the line until the tail end voltage of the line is solved to obtain:
the end voltages of the segments are:
Figure GDA0002998418950000063
and (3) calculating section by section:
line end voltage
Figure GDA0002998418950000064
(3) After all the segmentation solutions are completed, returning the calculated value to be compared with the initial value, and if the error is greater than the preset deviation value, re-iterating and calculating; and if the error is smaller than the preset deviation value, finishing the calculation, returning the voltage value of each segment along the line, and drawing the line voltage distribution characteristic of the line.
Specifically, after all the segmentation solutions are completed, the reactive power output calculated value Q of the high-voltage reactor connected in parallel at the tail end of the return line is returnedNLAnd a preset initial value Q adopted in calculationLMaking a comparison if | QNL-QLIf the | is larger than the preset deviation value delta Q, re-iterative calculation is carried out; if QNL-QLIf the | is smaller than the preset deviation value delta Q, the calculation is finished, the calculated value of each segmented voltage along the line is returned, and the line voltage distribution characteristic of the line is drawn.
Suppose UrateLFor the rated voltage of the parallel high-voltage reactor (generally 550/1100kV), the actual output of the reactor installed at the end of the line is:
Figure GDA0002998418950000065
if QNL-QLIf | ≧ Δ Q, where Δ Q is a predetermined offset value, then Q is adjustedNLValue into QLRe-executing step (2) until | Q is satisfiedNL-QLIf | is less than Δ Q, the calculated voltage value of each segment along the line can be returned.
By taking the no-load charging during the starting and debugging period of a certain extra-high voltage transmission line as an example, the method is applied to develop the rapid estimation of the voltage distribution characteristic along the line so as to prevent the maximum value of the voltage of the line along the transmission line from exceeding the rule allowable range and prevent the damage of the local part of the transmission line caused by the long-time overvoltage state during the starting and debugging period from causing the operation risk of the power grid and the national economic loss.
Firstly, implementing the step (1), extracting basic line information required by calculation; then, reasonably segmenting the line in the step (2), solving the charging power, the reactive power and the segmented terminal voltage of each segment section by section, taking the terminal voltage of the segment as the initial value of the next segmentation calculation, and gradually solving the segmented voltage along the line until the terminal voltage of the line is solved; finally, after all the sectional solutions of the line are completed, the step (3) is implemented, the calculated value and the initial value are returned for comparison, and if the error is greater than the preset deviation value, iterative calculation is carried out again; and if the error is smaller than the preset deviation value, finishing the calculation and returning to the calculated value.
The implementation process of the step (1): the basic information of a certain extra-high voltage alternating current line to be calculated is extracted as follows.
The length of the extra-high voltage alternating current line is 236km, the system side voltage is 1074kV, the total impedance of the line is (1.5576+ j60.192) omega, and the half-capacitance is 5.34 multiplied by 10-4S, a parallel high-voltage reactor with the capacity of 600Mvar is arranged at the tail end of the line, and a series compensation capacitor with the impedance of-j 5.255 omega is arranged 20km away from the system side of the line.
The implementation process of the step (2) and the step (3) comprises the following steps: the line is reasonably segmented, typically 2-5km as one segment, so the line is divided into 10 segments, 20 segments, 50 segments, 100 segments, 200 segments for calculation respectively.
Then, starting from the head end of the line, solving the charging power, the reactive power and the tail end voltage of each section by section, taking the tail end voltage of the section as the next section calculation initial value, gradually solving the voltage of each section along the line, and calculating section by section along the line until the tail end voltage of the line is solved; finally, after all the sectional solutions of the line are completed, returning the calculated value to be compared with the initial value, and if the error is greater than the preset deviation value, carrying out iterative computation again; and if the error is smaller than the preset deviation value, finishing the calculation and returning to the calculated value.
When the transmission line is divided into 10 sections, the highest voltage of the line is 1079.7kV, the distance from the system side is 141.6km, the voltage at the tail end of the line is 1070.7kV, the actual reactive power output of the parallel high-voltage reactor is 568.5Mvar, the iterative convergence time is 3, and the voltage distribution characteristic along the line is shown in fig. 3.
When the power transmission line is divided into 20 sections, the highest voltage of the line is 1080.5kV, the distance from the system side is 129.8km, the voltage at the tail end of the line is 1072.4kV, the actual reactive power output of the parallel high-voltage reactor is 570.3Mvar, the iteration convergence time is 3, and the voltage distribution characteristic along the line is shown in fig. 4.
When the transmission line is divided into 50 sections, the highest voltage of the line is 1081kV, the distance from the system side is 132.2km, the voltage at the tail end of the line is 1073.4kV, the actual reactive power output of the shunt high-voltage reactor is 571.3Mvar, the iteration convergence time is 3, and the voltage distribution characteristic along the line is shown in FIG. 5.
When the transmission line is divided into 100 sections, the highest voltage of the line is 1081.2kV, the distance from the system side is 129.8km, the voltage at the tail end of the line is 1073.7kV, the actual reactive power output of the parallel high-voltage reactor is 571.6Mvar, the iterative convergence time is 3, and the voltage distribution characteristic along the line is shown in fig. 6.
When the power transmission line is divided into 200 sections, the highest voltage of the line is 1081kV, the distance from the system side is 128.6km, the voltage at the tail end of the line is 1073.6kV, the actual reactive power output of the parallel high-voltage reactor is 571.5Mvar, the iterative convergence time is 7, and the voltage distribution characteristic along the line is shown in fig. 7.
When the line segments are respectively 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 segments, the highest value of the line voltage, the terminal voltage value of the line, the distance from the highest point of the line voltage to the system side, the actual reactive power output of the parallel high-voltage reactor and the iteration convergence times are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Voltage distribution characteristics along lines at different line segment numbers
Serial number Number of segments Maximum value of voltage Distance of voltage peak from system side Terminal voltage High resistance to output
1 10 1079.7kV 141.6km 1070.7kV 568.5Mvar
2 20 1080.5kV 129.8km 1072.4kV 570.3Mvar
3 50 1081kV 132.2km 1073.4kV 571.3Mvar
4 100 1081.2kV 129.8km 1073.7kV 571.6Mvar
5 200 1081kV 128.6km 1073.6kV 571.5Mvar
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, when the length of the segment of the power transmission line is between 2km and 5km, the calculation result is very accurate, and the precision caused by further reducing the length of the segment cannot make up for the calculation time loss.
As can be seen from the voltage distribution characteristics in fig. 3 to 7, when the length of the power transmission line is too long, the voltage distribution characteristic curve along the power transmission line will be greatly affected because the series compensation position cannot be accurately located.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (2)

1. A method for quickly calculating voltage distribution characteristics of an ultra/ultra-high voltage transmission line comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting relevant line information according to the initial power flow result;
(2) segmenting the line according to the information acquired in the step (1), then solving the ground charging power, the reactive power and the terminal voltage of each segment by segment, taking the terminal voltage of the segment as the initial value of the next segmentation calculation, and calculating the voltage of each segment by segment along the line until the terminal voltage of the line is solved;
(3) after all the segmentation solutions are finished, returning to a reactive power output calculation value of the parallel high-voltage reactor to be compared with the initial value, and if the error is larger than the preset deviation value, re-iterating; if the error is smaller than the preset deviation value, finishing the calculation, returning to each segmented voltage value along the line, and drawing the line voltage distribution characteristic of the line;
in the step (2), the lines are segmented at equal intervals according to the total line length obtained in the step (1), and each segmented line is regarded as independent
Figure FDA0003531070890000014
Equivalent circuit, the whole circuit being treated as several sections
Figure FDA0003531070890000015
The equivalent circuits are connected in series; reuse line system side voltage U0Half of each segmented line to ground susceptance B1/2Impedance of each sectional line, series compensation capacitor X installed on the lineCAnd its mounting position LCCapacity Q of parallel high-voltage reactor installed at end of lineLCalculating the charging power to ground Q of each segmentibEstimating the reactive power Q flowing on each segmentiAnd solving for the voltage drop DeltaU of the sectionalized lineiTo obtain the end voltage U of the segmentimFurther, the line terminal voltage U is calculated section by sectionNm；
The step (2) is specifically as follows:
assuming that the line is divided into N sections altogether, the voltage at the head end of the ith section is UidTerminal voltage is UimWhere i 1, 2.. times.n, then there are the head and tail voltages of the i-th segment as:
Figure FDA0003531070890000011
and each segment of ground charging power
Figure FDA0003531070890000012
Thereby estimating the segment upstreamExcess reactive power
Figure FDA0003531070890000013
If the series compensation capacitor is installed on the circuit, the series compensation capacitance coefficient C for the ith sectioniComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003531070890000021
pressure drop over the segment
Figure FDA0003531070890000022
And solving the voltage drop of the segmented line, calculating the head end voltage of the next segmented line according to the head end voltage of the segment, and then calculating segment by segment along the line until the tail end voltage of the line is solved to obtain:
the end voltages of the segments are:
Figure FDA0003531070890000023
and (3) calculating section by section:
line end voltage
Figure FDA0003531070890000024
2. The method for rapidly calculating the voltage distribution characteristics of the ultra/extra-high voltage transmission line according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the step (1) of extracting line related information according to the initial power flow result, wherein the line related information comprises the total length of a line, the total impedance X of the line and the total half-to-ground susceptance B1/2Capacity Q of parallel high-voltage reactorLSeries compensation capacitance impedance XCAnd an installation position LCLine system side voltage U0。
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