CN112949004B - Lightweight design method of wind generating set bearing seat and bearing seat thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight design method of wind generating set bearing seat and bearing seat thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lightweight design method of a bearing seat of a wind generating set and the bearing seat, comprising the following steps: firstly, constructing a finite element model based on a geometric model of a bearing seat for topological optimization, reconstructing the geometric model for finite element analysis, determining a topological optimization model meeting the strength requirement of the bearing seat according to an analysis result, and determining a stress concentration area of the topological optimization model; and finally, carrying out shape optimization on the region range corresponding to the stress concentration region in the topological optimization model to obtain an optimized structure model of the bearing seat. The bearing seat comprises a bearing seat main body and two connecting parts, wherein the two connecting parts are arranged on two sides of the bearing seat main body, and two weight reducing grooves are formed in the surface of the bearing seat main body to reduce the weight of the bearing seat. By adopting the light-weight design method of the wind generating set bearing seat, the material redundancy can be fully excavated, the light weight of the structure is realized on the premise of ensuring the structure of the bearing seat to meet the performance, and the cost of the wind generating set bearing seat is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer aided design by using a finite element method, in particular to a lightweight design method of a bearing seat of a wind generating set and the bearing seat.
Background
The bearing seat is one of the most critical parts of the wind generating set and serves as a main supporting part of the main shaft, and the good design and the reliable performance of the bearing seat are key factors for ensuring the normal and stable operation of the wind generating set. The traditional bearing seat design method generally comprises the following steps: firstly, a structural design engineer designs a configuration according to self experience and reference of the existing unit structure, then analyzes the ultimate strength and fatigue of the configuration based on a finite element method, modifies the structure according to an analysis result, finally analyzes and checks the modified configuration by adopting the finite element method again, and repeats the processes until the structure meets the design strength requirement. Because the traditional method mainly depends on manual setting in material distribution and is greatly influenced by human factors, the bearing seat designed by the traditional method has larger material redundancy, and the aim of light weight of the bearing seat is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a lightweight design method of a bearing seat of a wind generating set and the bearing seat thereof.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a lightweight design method for a bearing seat of a wind generating set is provided, which includes:
constructing a geometric model of the bearing seat, constructing a finite element model of the bearing seat based on the geometric model for topological optimization to obtain a topological optimization model of the bearing seat, and determining a stress concentration area in the topological optimization model;
and optimizing the shape of the region range corresponding to the stress concentration region in the topological optimization model to obtain an optimized structure model of the bearing seat.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first implementable manner of the first aspect, constructing a geometric model of the bearing seat, and constructing a finite element model of the bearing seat based on the geometric model for topology optimization includes:
constructing a geometric model of the bearing seat;
constructing a finite element model based on the geometric model to perform topological optimization, and constructing a topological optimization geometric model of the bearing seat according to a topological optimization result;
establishing a finite element verification model according to the topological optimization geometric model, verifying the finite element verification model according to the performance requirement of the bearing seat, responding to the situation that the topological optimization geometric model does not meet the performance requirement of the bearing seat, adjusting the topological optimization geometric model according to the verification result, and re-verifying until the topological optimization geometric model meets the performance requirement of the bearing seat;
and determining the topological optimization model and the stress concentration area according to the final verification result.
With reference to the first implementable manner of the first aspect, in a second implementable manner of the first aspect, the geometric model is topologically optimized with an objective function that minimizes a maximum strain energy value of the bearing housing under each operating condition, and a constraint condition that a volume of the bearing housing is equal to 35% of an initial volume.
With reference to the first aspect, in a third implementable manner of the first aspect, the performing shape optimization on the stress concentration area in the topology optimization model includes:
setting a design node group and a grid smooth node group corresponding to the design node in a region range corresponding to a stress concentration region of the topological optimization model, and constructing a finite element model for shape optimization;
carrying out finite element analysis on the finite element model for shape optimization, and constructing a shape optimization geometric model of the bearing seat according to the analysis result;
establishing a finite element checking model according to the shape optimization geometric model for checking, responding to the situation that the shape optimization geometric model does not meet the performance requirement of the bearing seat, adjusting the shape of the area range according to the checking result, and checking again until the shape optimization geometric model meets the performance requirement of the bearing seat;
and constructing an optimized structure model of the bearing seat according to the final shape optimized geometric model.
With reference to the third implementable manner of the first aspect, in a fourth implementable manner of the first aspect, the constructing a shape-optimized geometric model of a bearing seat according to an analysis result includes:
and smoothing the mesh smooth node group corresponding to the design node according to the analysis result and constructing the shape optimization geometric model.
In a second aspect, a storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program runs, the method for designing a bearing seat of a wind turbine generator system in a lightweight manner according to any one of the first aspect and the first to third realizable manners of the first aspect is executed.
In a third aspect, a wind turbine generator system bearing seat is provided, which is designed by a lightweight design method of the wind turbine generator system bearing seat in any one of the first aspect and the first to third realizable manners of the first aspect, and includes:
a bearing housing main body;
the two connecting parts are respectively and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bearing seat main body, and a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the connecting parts;
and the two weight-reducing grooves are respectively and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the bearing seat main body between the two connecting parts.
With reference to the third aspect, in a first implementation manner of the third aspect, lightening holes are formed in the groove walls of the lightening grooves, and the lightening holes in the two lightening grooves are symmetrically arranged.
With reference to the first implementable manner of the third aspect, in a second implementable manner of the third aspect, the lightening holes are elliptical holes.
With reference to the third aspect, in a third implementable manner of the third aspect, a weight-reducing groove is further provided on the bearing seat main body.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the lightweight design method of the wind generating set bearing seat, the material redundancy of the bearing seat can be fully excavated, the lightweight of the structure is realized on the premise of ensuring the structure of the bearing seat to meet the performance, and the cost of the wind generating set bearing seat is effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings, which are required to be used in the embodiments, will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of topology optimization;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of shape optimization;
FIG. 4 is a geometric model of a bearing seat;
FIG. 5 is a finite element model of topological optimization;
FIG. 6 is a topological optimized geometric model of a bearing mount;
FIG. 7 is a finite element model for shape optimization;
FIG. 8 is a shape optimized geometric model of a bearing seat;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a bearing seat obtained by optimization design;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a bearing seat obtained by optimized design;
reference numerals are as follows:
1-a bearing seat main body, 2-a connecting part, 3-a bolt hole, 4-a weight reduction groove, 5-a weight reduction hole and 6-a weight reduction groove.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for designing a bearing seat of a wind turbine generator system with reduced weight includes:
and 2, carrying out shape optimization on the region range corresponding to the stress concentration region in the topological optimization model to obtain an optimized structure model of the bearing seat.
Specifically, first, a geometric model of the bearing seat may be constructed by computer aided design software, the obtained geometric model is as shown in fig. 4, and the constructed geometric model is preprocessed by using existing finite element preprocessing software and structure optimization software to obtain a finite element model of the bearing seat, and the constructed finite element model is topologically optimized as shown in fig. 5. By carrying out topological optimization on the finite element model, redundant materials in the geometric model can be removed, a bearing seat topological optimization model with reasonably distributed materials under specified working condition load is obtained, and the purpose of light weight of the bearing seat is achieved.
Stress concentration areas may occur in the hole areas of the obtained topological optimization model, and the stress concentration areas affect the strength of the bearing seat. In order to eliminate the stress concentration areas, the stress concentration areas of the topological optimization model can be determined according to a finite element analysis result in the topological optimization process, after topological optimization is performed on the stress concentration areas, a geometric model for shape optimization can be constructed according to the topological optimization model, then finite element preprocessing software is used for processing the constructed geometric model, the stress concentration areas are set as design spaces, the finite element model for shape optimization shown in the figure 7 is obtained, structural optimization software is introduced for shape optimization, the shapes of the stress concentration areas are adjusted, the stress concentration areas disappear, and the purposes of eliminating the stress concentration areas and improving the performance of the bearing seat are achieved.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a geometric model of the bearing seat is constructed, and a finite element model of the bearing seat is constructed based on the geometric model for topology optimization, including:
step 1-1, constructing a geometric model of a bearing seat;
step 1-2, constructing a finite element model based on the geometric model to perform topological optimization, and constructing a topological optimization geometric model of the bearing seat according to a topological optimization result;
step 1-3, constructing a finite element verification model according to the topological optimization geometric model, verifying the finite element verification model according to the performance requirement of the bearing seat, responding to the situation that the topological optimization geometric model does not meet the performance requirement of the bearing seat, adjusting the topological optimization geometric model according to the verification result, and re-verifying until the topological optimization geometric model meets the performance requirement of the bearing seat;
and 1-4, determining the topological optimization model and the stress concentration area according to the final verification result.
Specifically, first, the geometric model can be built by using the existing computer aided design software, and the adopted computer aided design software can be SOLDWORKS software.
Then, by using finite element pretreatment software such as hypermesh software, meshing, material setting, constraint and load applying steps are carried out on the basis of a geometric model, a bearing seat design space is defined, and a finite element model of the bearing seat is constructed. The processed finite element model is led into structure optimization software TOSCA, an objective function is set to be the minimum of the maximum strain energy value of the bearing seat under each working condition, and the constraint condition is that the volume of the optimized bearing seat is equal to 35% of the volume of the initial bearing seat; and (3) adopting the existing control algorithm, and calling a finite element solver for calculation so as to obtain the reasonable distribution of the bearing seat materials in the given space. And reconstructing a bearing seat geometric model according to the topological optimization result to obtain the topological optimization geometric model of the bearing seat.
And then, constructing a finite element verification model based on the topological optimization geometric model to perform strength analysis and fatigue analysis to obtain a performance result of the topological optimization geometric model of the bearing seat, if the performance result does not meet the preset bearing seat performance requirement, adjusting the material distribution of the finite element verification model according to the obtained performance result, and performing strength analysis and fatigue analysis again, repeating the steps until the performance result of the finite element verification model meets the bearing seat performance requirement, namely, the stress value of a larger area does not meet the bearing seat performance requirement.
And finally, taking a finite element verification model with a performance result meeting the performance requirement of the bearing seat as a topological optimization model of the bearing seat, and determining a stress concentration area of the topological optimization model according to the performance result.
In this embodiment, preferably, the objective function for performing topology optimization on the geometric model is that the maximum strain energy value of the bearing seat is the minimum under each working condition, and the constraint condition is that the volume of the bearing seat is equal to 35% of the initial volume.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the optimizing the shape of the stress concentration region in the topology optimization model includes:
step 2-1, setting a design node group and a grid smooth node group corresponding to the design node in a region range corresponding to a stress concentration region of the topological optimization model, and constructing a finite element model for shape optimization;
step 2-2, carrying out finite element analysis on the finite element model for shape optimization, and constructing a shape optimization geometric model of the bearing seat according to the analysis result;
2-3, constructing a finite element check model according to the shape optimization geometric model for checking, responding to the situation that the shape optimization geometric model does not meet the performance requirement of the bearing seat, adjusting the shape of the area range according to the checking result and verifying again until the shape optimization geometric model meets the performance requirement of the bearing seat, wherein in the embodiment, the performance requirement of the bearing seat can be the strength requirement of the bearing seat;
and 2-4, constructing an optimized structure model of the bearing seat according to the final shape optimized geometric model.
Specifically, the most reasonable geometric characteristics of the bearing seat stress concentration area can be adjusted through shape optimization energy details, so that firstly, a geometric module of the bearing seat can be reconstructed according to the topology optimization model, the constructed geometric model is led into finite element preprocessing software, and a design node group and a mesh smooth node group are respectively established in the stress concentration area and the corresponding geometric model within a certain range to obtain a processed finite element model.
And then, importing the processed finite element model into structural optimization software, taking the minimum maximum equivalent stress value of the design node group as a target function, calling a finite element solver to perform calculation and post-processing, outputting a corresponding bearing seat model after iteration is completed, and reconstructing a geometric model in geometric modeling software to obtain a shape optimization geometric model of the bearing seat.
And then, establishing a finite element check model on the basis of the shape optimization geometric model for strength analysis and fatigue analysis, and if the check result does not meet the preset bearing seat performance requirement, adjusting the shape and size of the area range according to the verification result and then performing verification and audit until the limit working condition and the fatigue working condition meet the bearing seat performance requirement.
And finally, taking a finite element check model meeting the performance requirements of the bearing seat as a reasonable shape optimization geometric model of the bearing seat, and constructing an optimized structure model of the bearing seat as shown in figure 8.
In this embodiment, preferably, the constructing a shape-optimized geometric model of the bearing seat according to the analysis result includes:
and carrying out fairing processing on the grid smooth node group corresponding to the design node according to the analysis result and constructing the shape optimization geometric model.
Specifically, the mesh smoothing node group comprises design nodes and corresponding internal nodes, and after the shape optimization, if only the design nodes are displaced and the positions of the internal nodes are not changed, the surface layer unit is strongly distorted. In order to ensure a real and high-quality optimization result, a grid smoothing node group can be set to start a fairing command for an object.
A storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed, executes the above-described design method.
As shown in fig. 9, the structure diagram of the bearing seat of the wind generating set is designed by the above design method, and the bearing seat includes:
a bearing housing main body 1;
the two connecting parts 2 are respectively and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bearing seat main body 1, and the connecting parts 2 are provided with a plurality of bolt holes 3;
and the two weight-reducing grooves 4 are respectively and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the bearing seat main body 1 between the two connecting parts 2.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the bearing seat main body 1 may be fixed in the wind turbine generator set by the connecting portions 2 at two sides, the upper surface of the bearing seat main body 1 may be provided with two weight-reducing grooves 4, the two weight-reducing grooves 4 may reduce the weight of the bearing seat, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the weight of the bearing seat, and in order to further reduce the weight of the bearing seat, the lower surface of the bearing seat may be provided with a weight-reducing groove 6, and the weight-reducing groove 6 may extend to the other connecting portion 2 along one of the connecting portions 2.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the slot walls of the weight-reducing slots 4 are provided with weight-reducing holes 5, and the weight-reducing holes 5 in the two weight-reducing slots 4 are symmetrically arranged. In order to further reduce the weight of the bearing seat and improve the light weight effect of the bearing seat, a lightening hole 5 can be formed in the groove wall on one side of the lightening groove 4.
In this embodiment, the lightening holes 5 are preferably elliptical holes. Through shape optimization, the lightening holes 5 are elliptical holes, so that the stress concentration phenomenon of the bearing seat can be effectively reduced, and the performance of the bearing seat is improved.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (8)
1. A lightweight design method of a bearing seat of a wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a geometric model of the bearing seat, constructing a finite element model of the bearing seat based on the geometric model for topological optimization to obtain a topological optimization model of the bearing seat, and determining a stress concentration area in the topological optimization model;
carrying out shape optimization on the region range corresponding to the stress concentration region in the topological optimization model to obtain an optimized structure model of the bearing seat, and carrying out shape optimization on the stress concentration region in the topological optimization model, wherein the shape optimization comprises the following steps:
setting a design node group and a grid smooth node group corresponding to the design node in a region range corresponding to a stress concentration region of the topological optimization model, and constructing a finite element model for shape optimization;
carrying out finite element analysis on the finite element model for shape optimization, carrying out fairing treatment on a mesh smooth node group corresponding to the design node according to the analysis result and constructing a shape optimization geometric model;
establishing a finite element check model according to the shape optimization geometric model for checking, responding to the situation that the shape optimization geometric model does not meet the performance requirement of the bearing seat, adjusting the shape of the area range according to the check result, and verifying again until the shape optimization geometric model meets the performance requirement of the bearing seat;
and constructing an optimized structural model of the bearing seat according to the final shape optimized geometric model.
2. The method for designing the bearing seat of the wind generating set in a light weight mode according to claim 1, wherein a geometric model of the bearing seat is constructed, and a finite element model of the bearing seat is constructed based on the geometric model for topological optimization, and the method comprises the following steps:
constructing a geometric model of the bearing seat;
constructing a finite element model based on the geometric model to perform topological optimization, and constructing a topological optimization geometric model of the bearing seat according to a topological optimization result;
establishing a finite element verification model according to the topological optimization geometric model, verifying the finite element verification model according to the performance requirement of the bearing seat, responding to the situation that the topological optimization geometric model does not meet the performance requirement of the bearing seat, adjusting the topological optimization geometric model according to the verification result, and re-verifying until the topological optimization geometric model meets the performance requirement of the bearing seat;
and determining the topological optimization model and the stress concentration area according to the final verification result.
3. The method for designing the bearing seat of the wind generating set in a light weight manner according to claim 2, wherein an objective function for performing topological optimization on the geometric model is that the maximum strain energy value of the bearing seat is minimum under each working condition, and a constraint condition is that the volume of the bearing seat is equal to 35% of the initial volume.
4. A storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: when the computer program runs, the method for designing the bearing seat of the wind generating set in a light weight mode is executed according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A wind generating set bearing seat designed by the lightweight design method of the wind generating set bearing seat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
a bearing housing main body;
the two connecting parts are respectively and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bearing seat main body, and a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the connecting parts;
and the two weight-reducing grooves are respectively and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the bearing seat main body between the two connecting parts.
6. The bearing seat of claim 5, wherein the weight-reducing slots have weight-reducing holes on the slot walls, and the weight-reducing holes in the two weight-reducing slots are symmetrically arranged.
7. The wind generating set bearing support of claim 6, wherein said lightening holes are elliptical holes.
8. The wind generating set bearing support of claim 5, wherein the bearing support body is further provided with a weight-reducing recess.
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| CN117195440B (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-01-30 | 上海诺倬力机电科技有限公司 | Main shaft system structure optimization method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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