CN112945576A - Method for testing driving range and energy consumption of extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle - Google Patents
Method for testing driving range and energy consumption of extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile testing, and particularly discloses a method for testing the driving range and the energy consumption of a passenger vehicle with an extended-range hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises the following steps: measuring ambient temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure; preparing a test vehicle; measuring the running resistance of the test vehicle; turning off the lighting device, the signal device and the auxiliary equipment on the test vehicle; adjusting the test vehicle to an automatic driving mode, and circularly driving on a chassis dynamometer according to a preset working condition; adjusting the test vehicle to a pure electric driving mode, and performing a circulating driving test on the chassis dynamometer according to a preset working condition; recording the distance D traveled by the test vehicle after the test is finished, and simultaneously recording the running time of the test vehicle; and calculating the energy consumption rate in the pure electric driving mode and the energy consumption in the automatic driving mode. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the accuracy of the test can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile testing, in particular to a method for testing the driving range and the energy consumption of an extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle.
Background
Nowadays, the energy and environmental problems in the world are becoming more serious, and in order to solve the problems, almost all countries are seeking alternative energy, and new energy automobiles become an ideal choice due to low emission. Compared with the traditional household passenger vehicle, the maximum disadvantage of the new energy passenger vehicle is the driving range problem, and the long driving range characteristic of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle can well meet the requirements of common users. The driving range and the energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle are scientifically tested, and the development of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle can be well driven.
Corresponding standard regulations are provided for hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicles abroad, but a systematic whole vehicle test system is not provided, and a method for testing the driving range and the energy consumption of an extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle is not provided. A complete finished automobile testing system is not formed in China, and a unified testing method for the driving range and the energy consumption of a hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle is not provided.
Therefore, a method for ensuring the accuracy of the driving range and the energy consumption test of the extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing the driving range and the energy consumption of an extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle, which can ensure the accuracy of the test.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the method for testing the driving range and the energy consumption of the extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the ambient temperature, the relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure;
s2, preparing a test vehicle, enabling the test vehicle to run in a transmission system and tires according to a preset running-in rule, enabling the tire pressure of the test vehicle to be in a preset value, and enabling the viscosity of lubricating oil of mechanical moving parts in the test vehicle to accord with a preset regulation;
s3, measuring the running resistance of the test vehicle;
s4, setting a resistance load on the chassis dynamometer;
s5, turning off the lighting device, the signal device and the auxiliary equipment on the test vehicle;
s6, placing the test vehicle at room temperature of 20-30 ℃ for at least 6 hours until the difference between the lubricating oil, the cooling liquid and the room temperature of the main assembly components of the test vehicle is within +/-2 ℃;
s7, adjusting the test vehicle to an automatic driving mode, and circularly driving on the chassis dynamometer according to a preset working condition;
s8, placing the test vehicle at room temperature of 20-30 ℃ for at least 6h until the difference between the lubricating oil, the cooling liquid and the room temperature of the main assembly components of the test vehicle is within +/-2 ℃;
s9, adjusting the test vehicle to a pure electric driving mode, and carrying out a circulating driving test on the chassis dynamometer according to a preset working condition;
s10, stopping the test when one of the following two conditions is met:
when the vehicle-mounted electric quantity and power indicating instrument gives a parking indication, or when the pressure of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen bottle is lower than the lowest allowable air pressure to trigger vehicle-mounted air pressure indication alarm, stopping the test;
in the circulation driving process, stopping the test when the speed or the speed deviation and the time deviation of the test vehicle cannot meet the specified requirements;
s11, in the test process, the sampling frequency of speed, time and mileage is not lower than 5Hz, the environmental temperature, the relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure are recorded every 30min, the distance D traveled by the test vehicle is recorded after the test is finished, and the running time of the test vehicle is recorded;
s12, calculating the energy consumption rate in the pure electric driving mode according to a preset method;
s13, calculating the energy consumption in the automatic driving mode:
output power P of power battery packBAT:
PBAT=IBAT·UDC/1000
Electric energy E discharged by power battery packBATD:
total energy consumed ETotal(kJ):
Energy consumption rate C:
C=ETotal/D。
the basic scheme principle and the beneficial effects are as follows:
in this scheme, through measuring ambient temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure, guarantee test environment's stability, make the test car carry out the break-in of transmission system and tire according to predetermineeing the break-in rule, make the tire pressure of test car be in the default, make the lubricating oil viscosity of mechanical motion part accord with predetermineeing the regulation in the test car, guarantee that the vehicle is in the best state, then begin to test again. The method can keep the accuracy of the test, provide basis for scientific and comprehensive evaluation of the economic performance of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle, and provide important technical support for development of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle.
In S1, the relative humidity is less than 90%, the ambient temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the atmospheric pressure is maintained at 91-101 kPa.
Further, in S7, the loop driving is composed of 4 urban loops and 1 suburban loop, and the driving speed tolerance is ± 2km/h and the time tolerance is ± 1S.
Further, in S7, the cumulative time exceeding the tolerance range is allowed not to exceed 4S in each complete cycle.
Further, in the step S7, when the test vehicle is driven in a loop, the test is performed at 120km/h when a speed reference maximum speed curve of a suburban loop is performed for the test vehicle with the maximum vehicle speed of 120km/h or more; and when the highest vehicle speed of the test vehicle is less than 120km/h and the working condition target vehicle speed is greater than the highest vehicle speed, adjusting the corresponding speed reference highest speed curve of suburb circulation to the highest vehicle speed of the test vehicle, and completely stepping down the accelerator pedal for testing.
Further, in S7, the number of stops during the circulation driving under the preset condition is not more than 3, and the total stop time is not more than 15 min.
Further, in S13, the output power P of the DC/DC converter in the automatic driving modeDC:
PDC=IDC·UDC/1000
Total energy E at the output of the DC/DC converterDC:
Further, in S13, the fuel cell system power P in the automatic drive modeFC:
PFC=UFC·IFC/1000。
Further, in S13, when the fuel cell vehicle power system is configured as a series type, the test result is further processed according to the following formula:
total energy E for driving test vehicleD:
ED=EDC+EBATD
Proportion eta of output energy of DC/DC converter to total driving energyDC:
Energy driving mileage D provided by fuel cell systemDC:
DDC=D·ηDC
Further, in S13, if the fuel cell vehicle power system is configured in parallel, the test result is further processed according to the following formula:
energy E output from the fuel cell systemFC:
total energy E for driving test vehicleD:
ED=EDC+EFC
Proportion eta of output energy of DC/DC converter to total driving energyFC:
Energy driving mileage D provided by fuel cell systemFC:
DFC=D·ηFC
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell vehicle power system configured as a series configuration according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a parallel fuel cell vehicle power system according to a first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
example one
The method for testing the driving range and the energy consumption of the extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring parameters of ambient temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure, so that the relative humidity is less than 90% during the test, the ambient temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the atmospheric pressure is maintained at 91-101 kPa.
S2, preparing a test vehicle, enabling the test vehicle to run in a transmission system and tires according to a preset running-in rule, enabling the tire pressure of the test vehicle to be at a preset value, and enabling the lubricating oil viscosity of mechanical moving parts in the test vehicle to meet a preset regulation. In this embodiment, the mechanical moving parts mainly include a transmission system, a gear shaft, a crankshaft, front and rear shafts, bearings, tires, and the like.
In the embodiment, the preset running-in rule is the regulation of a test car manufacturer, and the running-in mileage is not less than 3000 km; the preset value is the tire pressure corresponding to the maximum test load and the maximum test speed recommended by a test vehicle manufacturer; the preset specification is a specification of the viscosity of the lubricating oil by the manufacturer of the test car.
In this embodiment, all energy storage systems (electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) should be at the maximum factory specified, except for driving purposes. For example, the pressure of the hydrogen storage system is at the rated pressure specified by a manufacturing plant when the temperature is 10-20 ℃, and the SOC state of the power battery system is 100% when the temperature is 20-30 ℃.
And S3, determining the running resistance of the test vehicle, and closing the function of the braking energy recovery system in the test process.
And S4, setting a resistance load on the chassis dynamometer.
And S5, turning off the lighting device, the signal device and the auxiliary equipment on the test vehicle, and not turning off the test vehicle when the test vehicle and the test vehicle have requirements on the devices and the auxiliary equipment in the daytime. In this embodiment, the auxiliary devices include devices such as a wiper blade and an air conditioner which are not necessarily opened during traveling.
S6, placing the test vehicle at room temperature of 20-30 ℃ for at least 6h until the difference between the lubricating oil, the cooling liquid and the room temperature of the main assembly components of the test vehicle is within +/-2 ℃. In this embodiment, the main assembly includes basic parts such as an engine, a chassis, a vehicle body, and electrical equipment.
And S7, adjusting the test vehicle to an automatic driving mode, and circularly driving on the chassis dynamometer according to the preset working condition. In the embodiment, the preset working condition is an NEDC (new european driving cycle) working condition specified in annex B in GB/T18386-2017 (electric vehicle energy consumption rate and driving range test method). The circulation driving is composed of 4 urban circulation and 1 suburban circulation, the driving speed tolerance is +/-2 km/h, and the time tolerance is +/-1 s. The cumulative time allowed to go out of tolerance is not more than 4s per complete cycle.
In the present embodiment, during the circulation travel:
a) testing the test vehicle with the highest speed more than or equal to 120km/h by adopting 120km/h when a suburb circulation part speed reference highest speed curve is carried out;
b) and when the highest vehicle speed of the test vehicle is less than 120km/h and the working condition target vehicle speed is greater than the highest vehicle speed, adjusting the corresponding speed reference highest speed curve of suburb circulation to the highest vehicle speed of the test vehicle, and completely stepping down the accelerator pedal for testing.
The number of times of parking during the period of circulating running under the preset working condition is not more than 3 times, the total parking time is not more than 15min in an accumulated mode, the parking should occur after the completion of a complete cycle, a sample car starting switch should be in an off state during the parking period, an engine cover test bed fan needs to be turned off, a brake pedal is released, and the external power supply cannot be used for charging.
S8, placing the test vehicle at room temperature of 20-30 ℃ for at least 6h until the difference between the lubricating oil, the cooling liquid and the room temperature of the main assembly parts of the test vehicle is within +/-2 ℃.
And S9, adjusting the test vehicle to a pure electric drive mode, and performing a cyclic driving test on the chassis dynamometer according to a preset working condition, wherein the test cycle consists of 4 urban cycles and 1 suburban cycle, the driving speed tolerance is +/-2 km/h, and the time tolerance is +/-1S. The cumulative time allowed to go out of tolerance is not more than 4s per complete cycle.
In the present embodiment, during the circulation travel:
a) testing the test vehicle with the highest speed more than or equal to 120km/h by adopting 120km/h when a suburb circulation part speed reference highest speed curve is carried out;
b) and when the highest vehicle speed of the test vehicle is less than 120km/h and the working condition target vehicle speed is greater than the highest vehicle speed, adjusting the corresponding speed reference highest speed curve of suburb circulation to the highest vehicle speed of the test vehicle, and completely stepping down the accelerator pedal for testing.
The number of times of parking for circulating running under the preset working condition is not more than 3, the total parking time is not more than 15min in an accumulated mode, the parking is required to occur after the complete cycle is finished, a sample car starting switch is required to be in an off state during the parking, a fan of an engine cover test bed is also closed, a brake pedal is released, and the external power supply cannot be used for charging.
S10, stopping the test when one of the following two conditions is met:
when the vehicle-mounted electric quantity and power indicating instrument gives a driver stop instruction, or when the pressure of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen bottle is lower than the lowest allowable air pressure and causes a vehicle-mounted air pressure indicating alarm, stopping the test;
during the circulation driving, the test is stopped when the speed or the speed deviation and the time deviation of the test vehicle can not meet the specified requirements.
And S11, in the test process, the sampling frequency of speed, time and mileage is not lower than 5Hz, the ambient temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure are recorded every 30min, the distance D traveled by the test vehicle is recorded after the test is finished, the km is used in the embodiment, the measured value is rounded to an integer, and the distance is the driving range measured under the preset working condition. And meanwhile, the running time of the test vehicle is recorded, and in the embodiment, the running time needs to be accurate to minutes.
S12, calculating the energy consumption rate in the pure electric drive mode according to a preset method, wherein in the embodiment, the energy consumption rate is calculated according to a method of 4.5.1 in GB/T18386-2017.
S13, calculating the energy consumption in the automatic driving mode, specifically:
as shown in fig. 1, when the power system of the fuel cell vehicle is configured as a series type, the test result is processed according to the following formula:
DC/DC converter output power PDC(kW):
PDC=IDC·UDC/1000
Output power P of power battery packBAT(kW), in this example, discharge is positive and charge is negative:
PBAT=IBAT·UDC/1000
fuel cell system power PFC(kW):
PFC=UFC·IFC/1000
Total energy E at the output of the DC/DC converterDC(kJ):
Electric energy E discharged by power battery packBATD(kJ):
Energy E fed back by brakingBATC(kJ):
Energy E output from the fuel cell systemFC(kJ):
In the formulaIn order to be the mass of the hydrogen gas,for a low heating value of hydrogen, this example is 2.1X 105 kJ/kg.
Total energy E for driving test vehicleD(kJ):
ED=EDC+EBATD
Proportion eta of output energy of DC/DC converter to total driving energyDC:
Proportion eta of discharge energy of power battery to total drive energyBATD:
Pure electric mileage DBATD(km):
DBATD=D·ηBATD
Energy driving mileage D provided by fuel cell systemDC(km):
DDC=D·ηDC
Total energy consumed ETotal(kJ):
Specific energy consumption C (kJ/km):
C=ETotal/D
as shown in fig. 2, if the power system of the fuel cell vehicle is configured in parallel, the test result is processed according to the following formula:
DC/DC converter output power PDC(kW), in this example, discharge is positive and charge isNegative:
PDC=IDC·UDC/1000
output power P of power battery packBAT(kW), in this example, discharge is positive and charge is negative:
PBAT=IBAT·UDC/1000
fuel cell system power PFC(kW):
PFC=UFC·IFC/1000
Total energy E at the output of the DC/DC converterDC(kJ):
Electric energy E discharged by power battery packBATD(kJ):
Energy E fed back by brakingBATC(kJ):
Energy E output from the fuel cell systemFC(kJ):
Total energy E for driving test vehicleD(kJ):
ED=EDC+EFC
Proportion eta of output energy of DC/DC converter to total driving energyFC:
Proportion eta of discharge energy of power battery to total drive energyBATD:
Pure electric mileage DDC(km):
DDC=D·ηDC
Energy driving mileage D provided by fuel cell systemFC(km):
DFC=D·ηFC
Total energy consumed ETotal(kJ):
Specific energy consumption C (kJ/km):
C=ETotal/D
the test method of the embodiment is scientific and standard, accords with the current domestic actual situation, can effectively improve the economic performance test efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle, and can provide important technical support for subsequent development.
Example two
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the present embodiment further includes S14, which calculates the remaining driving mileage based on the remaining amount of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen bottle, matches the remaining driving mileage with the demanded mileage of other pre-stored tests, and determines the next test. When hydrogen remains in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen bottle, the vehicle can continue to run, the next test is matched for the vehicle according to the remaining running mileage in the implementation, the purpose of fully utilizing the hydrogen can be achieved, and energy waste can be effectively avoided. Other tests are a number of pre-entered test items requiring vehicle travel.
The above are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the field related to this embodiment, and the common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics in the schemes is not described herein too much, and those skilled in the art can know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in this field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before this date, and those skilled in the art can combine their own ability to perfect and implement the scheme, and some typical known structures or known methods should not become barriers to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art in light of the teaching provided in the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for testing the driving range and the energy consumption of the extended-range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, measuring the ambient temperature, the relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure;
s2, preparing a test vehicle, enabling the test vehicle to run in a transmission system and tires according to a preset running-in rule, enabling the tire pressure of the test vehicle to be in a preset value, and enabling the viscosity of lubricating oil of mechanical moving parts in the test vehicle to accord with a preset regulation;
s3, measuring the running resistance of the test vehicle;
s4, setting a resistance load on the chassis dynamometer;
s5, turning off the lighting device, the signal device and the auxiliary equipment on the test vehicle;
s6, placing the test vehicle at room temperature of 20-30 ℃ for at least 6 hours until the difference between the lubricating oil, the cooling liquid and the room temperature of the main assembly components of the test vehicle is within +/-2 ℃;
s7, adjusting the test vehicle to an automatic driving mode, and circularly driving on the chassis dynamometer according to a preset working condition;
s8, placing the test vehicle at room temperature of 20-30 ℃ for at least 6h until the difference between the lubricating oil, the cooling liquid and the room temperature of the main assembly components of the test vehicle is within +/-2 ℃;
s9, adjusting the test vehicle to a pure electric driving mode, and carrying out a circulating driving test on the chassis dynamometer according to a preset working condition;
s10, stopping the test when one of the following two conditions is met:
when the vehicle-mounted electric quantity and power indicating instrument gives a parking indication, or when the pressure of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen bottle is lower than the lowest allowable air pressure to trigger vehicle-mounted air pressure indication alarm, stopping the test;
in the circulation driving process, stopping the test when the speed or the speed deviation and the time deviation of the test vehicle cannot meet the specified requirements;
s11, in the test process, the sampling frequency of speed, time and mileage is not lower than 5Hz, the environmental temperature, the relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure are recorded every 30min, the distance D traveled by the test vehicle is recorded after the test is finished, and the running time of the test vehicle is recorded;
s12, calculating the energy consumption rate in the pure electric driving mode according to a preset method;
s13, calculating the energy consumption in the automatic driving mode:
output power P of power battery packBAT:
PBAT=IBAT·UDC/1000
Electric energy E discharged by power battery packBATD:
total energy consumed ETotal(kJ):
Energy consumption rate C:
C=ETotal/D。
2. the extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 1, wherein: in the S1, the relative humidity is less than 90% during the test, the environmental temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the atmospheric pressure is maintained at 91-101 kPa.
3. The extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 2, wherein: in the step S7, the circulation driving is composed of 4 urban circulation and 1 suburban circulation, the driving speed tolerance is ± 2km/h, and the time tolerance is ± 1S.
4. The extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 3, wherein: in S7, the cumulative time exceeding the tolerance range is allowed not to exceed 4S in each complete cycle.
5. The extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 4, wherein: in the S7, when the test vehicle is in circulation driving, the test vehicle with the highest speed more than or equal to 120km/h adopts 120km/h to test when a speed reference highest speed curve of suburb circulation part is carried out; and when the highest vehicle speed of the test vehicle is less than 120km/h and the working condition target vehicle speed is greater than the highest vehicle speed, adjusting the corresponding speed reference highest speed curve of suburb circulation to the highest vehicle speed of the test vehicle, and completely stepping down the accelerator pedal for testing.
6. The extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 5, wherein: in the step S7, the number of times of stopping during the circulation driving under the preset working condition is not more than 3, and the total stopping time is not more than 15 min.
7. The extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 6, wherein: in S13, in the automatic driving mode, the DC/DC converter outputs power PDC:
PDC=IDC·UDC/1000
DC/DC converterTotal energy E at the output of the converterDC:
8. The extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 7, wherein: in S13, the fuel cell system power P in the automatic drive modeFC:
PFC=UFC·IFC/1000。
9. The extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 8, wherein: in S13, when the fuel cell vehicle power system is a series type, the test result is further processed according to the following formula:
total energy E for driving test vehicleD:
ED=EDC+EBATD
Proportion eta of output energy of DC/DC converter to total driving energyDC:
Energy driving mileage D provided by fuel cell systemDC:
DDC=D·ηDC
10. The extended range hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle driving range and energy consumption testing method of claim 9, wherein: in S13, if the fuel cell vehicle power system is configured in parallel, the test result is further processed according to the following formula:
energy E output from the fuel cell systemFC:
total energy E for driving test vehicleD:
ED=EDC+EFC
Proportion eta of output energy of DC/DC converter to total driving energyFC:
Energy driving mileage D provided by fuel cell systemFC:
DFC=D·ηFC
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