CN112939213B - Rapid CANON granular sludge starting method based on hydraulic screening intermittent starvation - Google Patents
Rapid CANON granular sludge starting method based on hydraulic screening intermittent starvation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A CANON granular sludge rapid starting method based on hydraulic screening intermittent starvation belongs to the technical field of biological denitrification. Inoculating mature ANAMMOX granular sludge and return sludge taken from a secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage plant, operating at normal temperature by adopting an SBR reactor, mechanically stirring, and manually distributing water for water inflow; and controlling the settling time to perform hydraulic screening, discharging flocculent sludge with smaller particle size, and performing intermittent starvation. And then reflowing the sludge into the system again, and performing alternate treatment of starvation and recovery so as to inhibit the growth of more unfavorable bacteria NOB in the flocculent sludge, ensure the growth advantages of the functional bacteria AOB and ANAMMOX in the system, shorten the starting time of the system and successfully realize the starting of the CANON process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological denitrification, and particularly relates to a method for quickly starting CANON granular sludge based on hydraulic screening intermittent starvation.
Background
Water resources are a source of life and a fundamental guarantee for human survival, and the sustainable development of the water resources is directly related to the national civilization. Along with the development of economy in China, the living standard of people is increasingly improved, but the influence of human activities on the environment is more and more prominent, and the ecological problems of water pollution, water resource waste and the like are increasingly severe, so that the physical health and the living quality of people are seriously influenced. Therefore, sustainable development and utilization of water resources become a hot issue in today's society.
China is one of the most prominent countries in the world with water resource problems, and the centralized expression is that the per-capita water resource amount is small, the water resource space distribution is not matched with the economic society development pattern, the economic society water shortage and ecological water use guarantee coexist, the water resource engineering construction and safe operation management tasks are difficult, the river treatment and water and sand problems are prominent, and the like. In order to deal with the increasingly prominent contradiction between water resource supply and demand and improve the utilization rate of water resources, the problems of water pollution treatment and prevention are solved. According to the Chinese communique of ecological environment conditions, the method comprises the following steps: the phenomena of nitrogen pollution and eutrophication of water bodies become more serious day by day, and the phenomena become one of the main factors causing water quality deterioration, biodiversity reduction and ecological system imbalance, thereby causing huge economic loss to the industrial and agricultural production of human beings and seriously affecting the normal production and life of the human beings. Therefore, the denitrification treatment of the domestic sewage is one of the keys for solving the water body pollution in China.
With the increasing improvement of water quality standard and energy-saving requirement, the traditional nitrification-denitrification process can not meet the treatment requirement gradually, and has the defects of large energy consumption, high treatment cost and difficulty in meeting the increasingly strict discharge standard of effluent water quality. Under the condition of emphasizing the sustainable sewage treatment requirement, a novel autotrophic nitrogen removal (CANON) process taking anaerobic ammonia oxidation as a core is generally considered by domestic and foreign scholars as an important technology for future sewage treatment. Compared with the traditional nitrification-denitrification process, the CANON process has the advantages of short process, high sewage treatment load, low oxygen consumption, no additional carbon source, low sludge yield, low treatment cost, no secondary pollution and the like, and gradually becomes a research hotspot in recent years, and provides a new idea for energy-saving and efficient sewage treatment.
Although the CANON process has many advantages, there are some inevitable problems that the functional bacteria amammox in the ANAMMOX reaction stage grows slowly and the generation time is 7 to 14 days, so that the enrichment culture is difficult and the start cycle is extremely long. In the CANON system, the presence of NOB competes with the functional bacteria AOB for O 2 At the same time, NOB will compete with functional bacteria ANAMMOX for NO 2 - And N, therefore, the start-up time caused by excessive reproduction of NOB makes more intensive research on the autotrophic nitrogen removal process, and if the problem can be solved, a solid foundation can be laid for better application of the autotrophic nitrogen removal process in various fields such as actual urban domestic sewage treatment and the like.
To inhibit NOB activity, han et al used a vibratory screening method to separate the granular sludge. The results show that 73% of the granular sludge VSS is retained by the 212 μm vibrating screen while 92% of the ANAMMOX activity is retained, 87% of the NOB is washed out, but while part of the AOB activity is also lost. Similarly, li et al suppress NOB in PNA processes by discharging aged flocculent sludge, and the results show that selective discharge of flocculent sludge is an effective method of separating particles and flocs, retaining anaerobic bacteria in the particles and washing away NOB, but is not suitable for maintaining AOB activity, resulting in a decrease in AOB activity and abundance of about 58% respectively, affecting the stability of the system.
Research indicates that the nitrifying system generates a nitrite accumulation phenomenon when being started again after being starved for a period of time, and therefore the possibility is provided for realizing the start of the CANON process by utilizing starvation. Ye et al started nitrosation after 13 days of operation after 1 day of aerobic/anaerobic alternate starvation of mixed activated sludge without adding substrate, and nitrite accumulation rate reached 71%. Lackner et al and Rosso et al researchers suggested based on experimental data that in PNA processes, both granular sludge and flocculent sludge are present, the amammox bacteria are mainly located in granular sludge as anaerobic bacteria, while NOB is more concentrated in flocculent sludge. Based on the theory that the microbial communities of granular sludge and flocculated sludge differ, the present invention proposes to selectively discharge flocculated sludge to balance specific microorganisms.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple and feasible method capable of quickly starting a CANON granular sludge system.
A CANON granular sludge rapid starting method based on hydraulic screening intermittent starvation comprises the following steps:
and (3) setting up a reactor, adopting an SBR reactor, inoculating sludge into mature ANAMMOX granular sludge and secondary sedimentation tank return sludge taken from a sewage treatment plant.
Stage I, 0 d-15 d, adaptation stage. The SBR reactor adopts a mechanical stirring mode; the bottom of the reactor is provided with an aeration disc, the aeration quantity is controlled by a gas flowmeter, and the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg.L -1 Intermittent aeration; the volume exchange rate of the reactor is 70 percent; the operation of the reactor is controlled by a time control switch; the experiment adopts manual water distribution, and (NH) is added into inlet water 4 ) 2 SO 4 The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the reactor is between 75 and 85 mg.L -1 Adding NaHCO 3 Providing inorganic carbon source and regulating alkalinity, keeping the pH value at 7.0-8.0, and controlling the temperature at 28-31 ℃. The reactor was run for 1 cycle per day with an HRT of 1.43d. In order to adapt the sludge to the reactor as quickly as possible, starvation is not performed at this stage.
In the stage II, 16-44 days, in the intermittent hungry stage, the SBR reactor adopts a mechanical stirring mode; the bottom of the reactor is provided with an aeration deviceAn air disk, the aeration quantity is controlled by a gas flowmeter, and the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg.L -1 Intermittent aeration; the volume exchange rate of the reactor is 70 percent; the operation of the reactor is controlled by a time control switch; the experiment adopts manual water distribution, and (NH) is added into inlet water 4 ) 2 SO 4 The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the reactor is between 75 and 85 mg.L -1 Adding NaHCO 3 Providing inorganic carbon source and regulating alkalinity, keeping pH at 7.0-8.0, and controlling temperature at 28-31 ℃. The reactor was run for 2 cycles per day with an HRT of 0.71d. The stage adopts a mode of starving for 2d and recovering for 3d, and every 5d is a period. Starvation treatment, namely screening out flocculent sludge through hydraulic screening, and placing the part of flocculent sludge in an anaerobic bottle without supplying a nitrogen source, a carbon source and oxygen. And a recovery stage, namely refluxing the flocculent sludge into the reactor again after the starvation stage is finished, so that the microorganisms in the flocculent sludge can obtain nutrient substances again. According to CANON process reaction equation, NO generated by CANON reaction 3 - N and NH consumed 4 + The ratio between-N should be 0.11, called the stoichiometric ratio. When in the reactor
The stoichiometric ratio of (2) is in the range of 0.10 to 0.12, and is maintained at 15d or more, and it is considered that the system start-up is successful.
Stage III, 45-70 d, since the CANON system is fragile, it is recommended to observe 15d to determine its stability. The SBR reactor adopts a mechanical stirring mode; the bottom of the reactor is provided with an aeration disc, the aeration quantity is controlled by a gas flowmeter, and the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg.L -1 Intermittent aeration; the volume exchange rate of the reactor is 70 percent; the operation of the reactor is controlled by a time control switch; the experiment adopts manual water distribution, and (NH) is added into inlet water 4 ) 2 SO 4 The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the reactor is between 75 and 85 mg.L -1 Adding NaHCO 3 Providing inorganic carbon source and regulating alkalinity, keeping pH at 7.0-8.0, and controlling temperature at 28-31 ℃. The reactor was run for 2 cycles per day with an HRT of 0.71d. The batch starvation operation of the hydraulic sieve was stopped to observe the stability of the reactorThe situation is as follows.
The specific principle is as follows: stable operation of the CANON process requires that aerobic Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (ANAMMOX) take advantage of while Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) are inhibited or elutriated out of the system. In the CANON system, ANAMMOX is mainly located in granular sludge as an anaerobic bacterium, while nitrifying bacteria (AOB and NOB) are more concentrated in flocculent sludge. In addition, AOB decays at a lower rate during the starvation phase than NOB, while AOB can produce substrate-converting enzyme faster than NOB during the recovery phase, utilizing substrates, restoring activity. Further, it has been shown that amamox recovers faster than NOB under short-term, poor nutritional conditions, and therefore, after the end of the starvation period, amamox competes with NOB for substrate, thereby further inhibiting NOB activity. Therefore, by utilizing the properties, the CANON granular sludge system can be quickly started by carrying out hydraulic screening and carrying out intermittent starvation on flocculent sludge.
Compared with the existing CANON process starting method, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1) The invention solves the problems of slow starting and strict sludge planting requirements of the common CANON granular sludge process, and provides a strategy for quickly starting the CANON granular sludge process in an SBR reactor;
2) The invention realizes effective inhibition of NOB in a CANON system under the premise of keeping the activity of the functional bacteria AOB and ANAMMOX;
3) The invention realizes the high-efficiency removal of total nitrogen and provides a new method for applying the SBR reactor to a CANON granular sludge system.
4) In the intermittent starvation period, the reactor can still normally operate, and compared with the mode of integral intermittent starvation of the reactor, the treatment efficiency is improved.
5) The invention adopts a hydraulic screening mode to separate flocculent sludge and granular sludge, does not need other tools, is simple and easy to operate, and is easy to operate and control in practical engineering.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an SBR testing device
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the trend of ammonia nitrogen removal and total nitrogen removal during the CANON process start-up of the reactor using the method of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the trend of particle size change during the CANON process start-up of a reactor using the method of the present invention
Detailed Description
Example one
The invention relates to a CANON process starting mode based on hydraulic screening intermittent starvation, which has the following thinking: firstly, flocculent sludge with smaller particle size in the reactor is discharged out of the reactor through hydraulic screening, then intermittent starvation operation is carried out on the part of flocculent sludge to inhibit the activity of NOB in the flocculent sludge, and then the part of sludge is returned to the reactor to recover the activity of functional bacteria related to the CANON process in the part of flocculent sludge.
The experiment adopted a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), made of organic glass, the reactor height was 600mm, the internal diameter was 100mm, the vertical direction of the reactor wall set up a sample connection every 5cm, effective volume was 2L, the volume exchange rate was 0.7. The operation of the reactor is automatically controlled by a time switch.
First, mature anammox sludge and sewage treatment plant A were inoculated in a reactor 2 The mixed sludge of the return sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank of the O process is mixed according to the proportion of 1. The inlet water adopts artificial water distribution, and (NH) is added into the inlet water 4 ) 2 SO 4 The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the reactor is between 75 and 85 mg.L < -1 >, naHCO is added 3 Providing inorganic carbon source and regulating alkalinity, keeping pH at 7.0-8.0, and controlling temperature at 28-31 ℃. The reactor was run for 1 cycle per day with an HRT of 1.43d. After short adaptation, the reactor achieves a relatively stable treatment effect, as shown in fig. 2, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches about 74.37%, but the effluent nitrate nitrogen content is very high, so that the total nitrogen removal rate is only 6.47% respectively, which indicates that a large amount of NOB bacteria exist in the reactor at the moment, and great difficulty is caused in starting the CANON process. At 15d, the reactor sludge particle size was 162.753 μm, which was slightly reduced compared to the original particle size of 188.709 μm, presumably because the inoculated secondary sedimentation tank return sludge brought part of the heterotrophic bacteria, and in the absence of a carbon source, the EPS in the granular sludge was utilized, resulting in larger-sized granulesThe sludge is disintegrated and the particle size is reduced.
And then entering a hydraulic screening intermittent starvation stage. While the HRT was adjusted to 0.71d, the reactor was run for 2 cycles per day. After the 1 st starvation (16-17 d), the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the reactor first decreased to 48.55% due to the increase of the total nitrogen load, but the denitrification performance of the reactor generally showed an upward trend as the hydraulic screening intermittent starvation was periodically performed, and at 44d, the reactor was operated
Reaches 0.12, approaches the theoretical value of the CANON process of 0.11, and gradually stabilizes, at which point the CANON process is considered to be successfully initiated. At this stage, the sludge particle size in the reactor tends to increase rapidly, because the intermittent starvation of the hydro-screening does not adversely affect the larger particle size granular sludge in the system.
After the CANON process is started successfully, the hydraulic screening intermittent starvation operation is stopped, a stable operation stage is entered, the activity of relevant functional bacteria of the CANON process is prevented from being influenced, and the denitrification performance of the reactor is further improved. At 70d, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate and the total nitrogen removal rate of the CANON reactor are 89.31 percent and 73.63 percent respectively, and the denitrification performance is good. At this time, the particle size of the reactor reached 404.465. Mu.m, and the average growth rate of the sludge particle size was 3.082 μm.d -1 The reactor still normally operates during intermittent starvation, and the sludge is subjected to more hydraulic shearing force, so that the particle size is larger and the particle size growth rate is higher.
Claims (1)
1. A CANON granular sludge rapid starting method based on hydraulic screening intermittent starvation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) The method comprises the following steps of (1) constructing a reactor, namely inoculating sludge into mature ANAMMOX granular sludge and return sludge taken from a secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant by adopting an SBR reactor;
2) The first stage, 0 d-15 d, adaptation stage; the SBR reactor adopts a mechanical stirring mode; the bottom of the reactor is provided with an aeration disc, the aeration quantity is controlled by a gas flowmeter, and the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.4-0.5mg·L -1 Intermittent aeration; the volume exchange rate of the reactor is 70 percent; the operation of the reactor is controlled by a time control switch; the experiment adopts artificial water distribution, and (NH) is added into inlet water 4 ) 2 SO 4 The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the reactor is between 75 and 85 mg.L -1 Adding NaHCO 3 Providing an inorganic carbon source and adjusting alkalinity, keeping the pH value between 7.0 and 8.0, and controlling the temperature between 28 and 31 ℃; the reactor was operated for 1 cycle per day with an HRT of 1.43d;
3) In the stage II, 16-44 days, in the intermittent hungry stage, the SBR reactor adopts a mechanical stirring mode; the bottom of the reactor is provided with an aeration disc, the aeration quantity is controlled by a gas flowmeter, and the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg.L -1 Intermittent aeration; the volume exchange rate of the reactor is 70 percent; the operation of the reactor is controlled by a time control switch; the experiment adopts manual water distribution, and (NH) is added into inlet water 4 ) 2 SO 4 The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the reactor is between 75 and 85 mg.L -1 Adding NaHCO 3 Providing an inorganic carbon source and adjusting alkalinity, keeping the pH value between 7.0 and 8.0, and controlling the temperature between 28 and 31 ℃; the reactor was operated for 2 cycles per day with an HRT of 0.71d; the stage adopts a mode of starvation for 2d and recovery for 3d, and every 5d is a stage; starvation treatment, namely screening out flocculent sludge through hydraulic screening, and placing the part of flocculent sludge in an anaerobic bottle without supplying a nitrogen source, a carbon source and oxygen; a recovery stage, namely refluxing the flocculent sludge into the reactor again after the hunger stage is finished, so that microorganisms in the flocculent sludge can obtain nutrient substances again; according to CANON process reaction equation, NO generated by CANON reaction 3 - N mass concentration and NH consumed 4 + The ratio between the N mass concentrations should be 0.11, called the stoichiometric ratio; collecting water inlet and outlet of the reactor, detecting, and determining when the reactor has delta NO 3 - -N/△NH 4 + The stoichiometric ratio of-N is in the range of 0.10 to 0.12, and maintained at 15d or more, and the system start-up is considered successful.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103896394A (en) * | 2014-03-29 | 2014-07-02 | 北京工业大学 | Starting method of CANON granule sludge of regeneration urban sewage |
| CN104163490A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-26 | 北京工业大学 | Method for rapidly realizing partial nitrification of municipal sewage through aerobic starvation |
| CN106277357A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Autotrophic denitrification system start-up that a kind of floc sludge and granule sludge coexist and Effec-tive Function method |
| CN108675448A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-10-19 | 北京工业大学 | The method that long term hypoxia starvation and reactivation realize activated sludge short distance nitration |
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| US10626035B2 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2020-04-21 | DOOSAN Heavy Industries Construction Co., LTD | Sequencing batch reactor for sewage treatment and sewage treatment system comprising same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103896394A (en) * | 2014-03-29 | 2014-07-02 | 北京工业大学 | Starting method of CANON granule sludge of regeneration urban sewage |
| CN104163490A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-26 | 北京工业大学 | Method for rapidly realizing partial nitrification of municipal sewage through aerobic starvation |
| CN106277357A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Autotrophic denitrification system start-up that a kind of floc sludge and granule sludge coexist and Effec-tive Function method |
| CN108675448A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-10-19 | 北京工业大学 | The method that long term hypoxia starvation and reactivation realize activated sludge short distance nitration |
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