CN112932568A

CN112932568A - Cervical anterior vertebral body spreader

Info

Publication number: CN112932568A
Application number: CN202011643884.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘铁龙; 章林祥; 颜吉捷
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2021-06-11

Abstract

The invention provides a cervical anterior vertebral body spreader, which comprises a spreading nail and a positioning device; the positioning device comprises two support arms; the distance between the supporting arms can be adjusted; the propping nails correspond to the supporting arms one by one; the propping nail can be connected with the supporting arm in a nesting way. The cervical anterior vertebral body spreader provided by the invention adopts a structural design that the tail part of the spreading nail is provided with the opening, and the supporting arm matched with the tail part of the spreading nail is inserted into the opening, so that the supporting arm with a larger cross section is prevented from being inserted into a human body again to cause injury to peripheral nerve tissues after the spreading nail is in place in the operation process. The hexagonal outer convex ridges and the annular outer convex ridges on the supporting arms limit circumferential and axial relative movement between the distraction nail and the supporting arms, so that the distraction fixing process is more stable.

Description

Cervical anterior vertebral body spreader

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical instrument for surgical operation, in particular to an anterior cervical vertebra vertebral body spreader.

Background

Cervical spondylosis is a common disease in orthopedics department, and the incidence rate of cervical spondylosis is increasing day by day along with the change of social working and living habits, and the cervical spondylosis has a trend towards the development of young people. The anterior cervical operation is the main means for treating cervical spondylosis at present, and particularly for cervical spondylotic myelopathy and nerve root cervical spondylosis, a high-strength spreader is needed for fixing and supporting in the operation process.

In the prior art, two screws are respectively fixed on two vertebral bodies, then the positions of two opening rods of the opener are adjusted, so that the two opening rods with openings are sleeved on the screws, and the distance between the two opening rods is adjusted and fixed to achieve the effect of fixed support. However, the section of the opening rod provided by the technology is larger than that of the screw, so that the opening rod can possibly damage nerve tissues at the peripheral part of an operation in the process of sleeving, and can freely slide along the axial direction of the screw to influence the fixing effect. In the process of distraction, the circumferential relative sliding between the screw and the distraction rod can cause the asymmetry of the distraction distance. There is a need for reasonable improvements.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anterior cervical vertebral body spreader.

The anterior cervical vertebral body spreader provided by the invention comprises a spreading nail and a positioning device;

the positioning device comprises two support arms;

the supporting arm also comprises a supporting arm rod part and a supporting arm frame part;

the supporting arm rod part and the supporting arm frame part are sequentially connected;

the distance between the supporting arms can be adjusted;

the supporting nails correspond to the supporting arms one by one;

the propping nail can be connected with the supporting arm in a nesting way.

Preferably, the positioning device further comprises a rack and a pinion cover;

the supporting arm comprises a fixed supporting arm and a movable supporting arm;

the fixed supporting arm is fixed at one end of the rack;

the movable supporting arm is connected with the gear cover;

preferably, the gear cover further comprises a locking handle, a torsion spring and a positioning grapple;

the positioning grapple is fixed above the gear cover;

one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the reverse side of the positioning grapple, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed on the gear cover in a laser welding manner;

the locking handle is connected with the gear cover;

preferably, the distraction nail comprises a nail head part, a nail rod part and a nail tail part;

the nail head part, the nail rod part and the nail tail part are connected in sequence;

the tail part of the nail is provided with a blind hole along the axial direction;

the cross section of the blind hole is in a shape of a circle, a hexagon and a circle from the part close to the nail rod to the tail end of the distraction nail, and the cross section area is increased in sequence;

an axial notch is formed in the side wall of the blind hole;

six punctiform bulges are arranged on the inner surface of the tail end of the blind hole and are uniformly distributed in a ring shape;

preferably, the support arm rod part is provided with a hexagonal outer convex rib and an annular outer convex rib along the axial direction;

the cross section of the hexagonal outer convex edge is hexagonal, and the cross section of the annular outer convex edge is circular;

the section of the annular outer convex edge is larger than and comprises the section of the hexagonal outer convex edge in the axial direction;

the supporting arm rod part can be inserted into the blind hole in a nesting mode;

in the nested and inserted state, the hexagonal outer convex edge is matched with the hexagonal opening structure at the tail part of the nail, so that the circumferential rotation of the rod part of the supporting arm is avoided;

under the nested insertion state, the point-shaped bulge tightly clamps the near end of the annular outer convex edge to avoid axial movement of the rod part of the support arm;

compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the structure that the tail part of the screw is provided with the hole and the supporting arm matched with the hole is inserted into the hole is adopted, so that the problem that the supporting arm with a larger cross section is inserted into the human body again to cause damage to peripheral nerve tissues after the screw is in place in the operation process is avoided;

2. in the operation process, the axial movement between the screw and the supporting arm can be limited through a clamping mechanism, so that the fixing stability is improved, and the operation risk is reduced;

3. the hexagonal outer convex edge on the supporting arm rod ingeniously limits the circumferential relative movement between the screw and the supporting arm rod, so that the centrum opening process is more stable;

4. the design of the axial incision at the tail opening of the distraction nail increases the elasticity of the opening, so that the distraction nail is more durable.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings;

FIG. 1 is a front view of a positioning device;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the positioning device;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a fixed support arm;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the movable support arm;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the support arm stem;

FIG. 6 is a view of the structure of the distraction nail;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a point-like protrusion in the side wall of the blind hole of the distraction nail;

fig. 8 is a working principle diagram of the present invention.

The figures show that:

1. support arm rod part 2 supporting arm part

3. Gear cover 4. positioning grapple

5. Locking handle 6 rack

7. Torsion spring 8. hexagonal outer bead

9. Ring external convex edge 10 opening nail

11. Nail tail notch 12, nail inner point shape projection

13. Nail head 14, nail rod

15. Nail tail part 16. internal hexagon opening structure

17. Positioning device 18 supporting arm

181. Fixed support arm 182, movable support arm

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.

In an embodiment, the anterior cervical vertebral body distractor provided by the invention comprises a positioning device 17 and a distraction nail 10, as shown in fig. 1 and 6. The positioning device 17 includes a support arm 18, a rack 6, and a gear housing 3, and the support arm 18 is divided into a support arm shaft portion 1 and a support arm shaft portion 2. The support arm 18 further includes a fixed support arm 181 and a movable support arm 182. The fixed supporting arm 181 is fixed at one end of the rack 6, the movable supporting arm 182 is sleeved on the rack 6, and the movable supporting arm 182 and the rack 6 can move axially relative to each other. The movable support arm 182 is also fixedly connected to the gear housing 3 and can be moved simultaneously over the toothed rack 6. The gear cover 3 contains location grapple 4, torsional spring 7 and locking hand (hold) 5, and location grapple 4 is fixed on gear cover 3, and the locking hand (hold) is fixed in the side of

gear cover

3, and 7 one ends of torsional spring are fixed in 4 reverse sides of location grapple, and the other end is fixed on gear cover 3. Tooth-shaped stripes are uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the rack 6 along the axial direction, and when the gear cover 3 is in an unstressed state, one end of the positioning grapple 4 is inserted into a groove of the tooth-shaped stripes by the torsion spring 7 to limit the displacement between the positioning grapple and the rack 6. By rotating the locking handle 5, the gear cover 3 and the movable supporting arm 182 move in the direction away from the fixed supporting arm 181; the position of the movable supporting arm 182 above the rack 6 can be freely adjusted by pressing one end of the torsion spring 7 connected with the positioning grapple 4 to lift the positioning grapple 4 and leave the tooth-shaped stripe groove.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the support arm shaft 1 comprises a hexagonal outer rib 8 and an annular outer rib 9. The section of the annular outer convex edge 9 along the axial direction is circular, and the section of the hexagonal outer convex edge 8 along the axial direction is hexagonal; the cross-sectional area of the annular outer ridge 9 is larger than and includes a hexagonal outer ridge.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the distraction nail 10 is mainly formed by connecting a nail head 13, a nail shaft 14 and a nail tail 15 in this order. The nail tail part 15 is provided with a blind hole along the axial direction, and the supporting arm rod part 1 can be inserted into the blind hole in a nesting way; an axial notch 11 is formed in the side wall of the tail end of the blind hole, and the elasticity of the side wall of the blind hole is increased in the process that the supporting arm rod part 1 is inserted into the blind hole, so that the breaking condition is avoided. The side wall of the tail end of the blind hole is also internally provided with a punctiform bulge 12. Six punctiform protrusions 12 are uniformly arranged in a ring shape in the side wall of the blind hole, as shown in fig. 7.

The working principle is as follows:

in this embodiment, the anterior cervical vertebra distraction device provided by the invention includes a positioning device 17 and a distraction nail 10, the positioning device 17 includes a support arm 18, a rack 6 and a gear cover 3, and the support arm 18 is divided into a support arm rod portion 1 and a support arm portion 2. The support arm 18 further includes a fixed support arm 181 and a movable support arm 182. The fixed supporting arm 181 is fixed at one end of the rack 6, and the gear cover 3 can control the movable supporting arm 182 to move along the axial direction of the rack 6, so as to adjust the distance between the two supporting arms 18.

The distraction nail 10 is matched with the support arm rod part 1, the nail head part 13 of the distraction nail 10 is provided with threads, during operation, the distraction nail 10 is firstly fixed in vertebral bodies on two sides of the pathological intervertebral disc, then the support arm rod part 1 is inserted into a blind hole arranged at the tail part of the distraction nail 10, and the distance between the two support arms 18 is adjusted and fixed. The hexagonal opening structure 16 is arranged in the blind hole, and after the support arm rod part 1 is inserted into the blind hole, the hexagonal opening structure 16 is matched with the hexagonal outer convex edge 8 on the support arm 18, so that the circumferential relative motion between the support arm rod part 1 and the distraction nail 10 is limited. In the insertion state, the dot-shaped protrusions 12 in the side wall of the blind hole correspond to the annular outer convex edge 9 on the support arm 18, and are clamped at the near end of the annular outer convex edge 9 to limit the axial movement between the support arm rod part 1 and the distraction nail 10. The incision 11 on the blind hole lateral wall has increased the elasticity of lateral wall ingeniously, after the operation, lifts support arm pole portion 1 gently and just can take off positioner 17.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An anterior cervical vertebral body spreader is characterized by comprising a spreading nail and a positioning device;

the positioning device comprises two support arms;

the distance between the supporting arms can be adjusted;

the supporting arm is divided into a supporting arm rod part and a supporting arm frame part;

the propping nails correspond to the rod parts of the supporting arms one by one;

the propping nail can be connected with the support arm rod in a nesting way.

2. The anterior cervical vertebral body distractor of claim 1, wherein the distraction nail comprises a head portion, a stem portion, and a tail portion;

the support arm rod part can be inserted into the blind hole in a nesting mode.

3. The anterior cervical vertebral body distractor of claim 1, wherein the positioning device further comprises a rack and pinion shield;

the fixed supporting arm is fixed at one end of the rack;

the movable supporting arm is connected with the gear cover;

the gear cover can adjust the position of the movable supporting arm in the axial direction of the rack.

4. The anterior cervical vertebral body spreader according to claim 2, wherein the spreader pin blind hole further comprises a hexagonal opening structure; an axial notch is formed in the side wall of the expansion nail blind hole;

six punctiform protruding structures are arranged in the side wall of the expanding nail blind hole;

the six punctiform protrusions are uniformly distributed in the side wall of the blind hole in an annular shape.

5. The anterior cervical vertebral body distractor of claim 1, wherein the support arm shaft portion includes a hexagonal outer rib and an annular outer rib;

the axial section of the hexagonal outer convex edge is hexagonal;

the axial section of the annular outer convex edge is circular;

the cross-sectional area of the annular outer convex ridge is larger than and includes the cross-sectional area of the hexagonal outer convex ridge.

6. The anterior cervical vertebral body distractor of claim 3, wherein the gear cover further comprises a positioning grapple, a torsion spring, and a locking handle;

the positioning grapple is fixed above the gear cover;

the locking handle is fixed on the side wall of the gear cover;

one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the reverse side of the positioning grapple, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed on the gear cover.