CN112929085B - Secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beam - Google Patents

Secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beam Download PDF

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CN112929085B
CN112929085B CN202110181684.XA CN202110181684A CN112929085B CN 112929085 B CN112929085 B CN 112929085B CN 202110181684 A CN202110181684 A CN 202110181684A CN 112929085 B CN112929085 B CN 112929085B
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visible light
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wireless access
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丁举鹏
梅弘业
陈习锋
刘雯雯
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Xinjiang University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/116—Visible light communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/80—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of secret visible light wireless communication methods, in particular to a secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beams. The secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on the combined beam introduces commercial light source combined beams, various access point geometric structures and eavesdropping receiving signal space zero forcing into a visible light communication physical layer security technology, comprehensively considers the diversity, complexity and directionality of commercial solid-state light source beams, is suitable for various application scenes, can be compatible with distributed access point configuration, can also be used for single-access point visible light communication physical layer application scenes, and has high configuration flexibility and wide applicability.

Description

Secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beam
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of secret visible light wireless communication methods, in particular to a secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beams.
Background
At present, the wireless technical scheme of the secret visible light is highly focused on an indoor wireless scene for distributing a distributed LED light source array. In such a scenario, each array of light sources acts as a visible light wireless access point. In modeling analysis of such a scenario, researchers typically assume that the light source array possesses omnidirectional spatial radiation characteristics, following a lambertian spatial radiation model. Specifically, a research team in Ayman mosafa, university of british columbia, canada, published in the publication "Physical-Layer Security for interior visual Light Communications" attempted to introduce a spatial zero forcing scheme to a 2 x 2-component distributed lambertian Light source array Indoor scene. It must be noted that such solutions have significant technical drawbacks. On the one hand, such a solution only considers a lambertian light source array configuration. It must be fully appreciated that the primary fundamental function of solid state light sources involved in visible wireless technology is to provide customized lighting for different scenes, indoor, outdoor, road, vehicle, tunnel, etc. To meet different customized lighting requirements, lighting fixture manufacturers often require secondary light distribution designs with beam patterns. A typical secondary light distribution design method includes adding a secondary light distribution element such as a reflector cup and a free-form surface lens to an initial solid-state light source. Generally, a solid-state light source subjected to secondary light distribution by a manufacturer can project most of light power to a preset illumination area, and the beam characteristics of the customized light source are usually non-lambertian and have quite different spatial radiation characteristics from those of a traditional lambertian light wave. On the other hand, the scheme is only suitable for the configuration of the distributed array type visible light wireless access points and cannot be suitable for the widely existing indoor scene only provided with a single visible light wireless access point. In order to overcome the challenges, the scheme provides a design scheme of a visible light wireless access point based on commercial light source combined beams so as to support the application of a space zero forcing method in diversified indoor secret visible light wireless coverage scenes.
The emerging visible light wireless technology loads wireless data signals through a driving circuit on the basis of a commercial solid-state light source which is lighted, and the solid-state light source (such as an LED) emits visible light wireless signals on the basis of direct current bias lighting, so that lighting and wireless coverage are provided for a user at the same time. Such visible light wireless technologies can exhibit higher security performance than traditional RF technologies by virtue of the physical property that light waves are line of sight propagating and cannot penetrate opaque surfaces. In a single-user personal room scenario, a visible light wireless link may be considered ideally secure. However, in public areas such as classrooms, meeting rooms, and libraries, the information security of visible light signals cannot be guaranteed. The layered network architecture indicates that the communication network should be secured at all network layers, including the physical layer security. Therefore, the physical layer security technology oriented to the visible light wireless technology has significant technical potential.
Conventional solid-state commercial light source arrays based on a single lambertian light source beam can only provide approximately or equal intensity visible light signal coverage at the same user orientation due to limitations in beam configuration. Therefore, the spatially distributed light source array is required to provide the overlapping coverage of the differentiated multiple optical signals at the same user location, so as to provide the required link configuration basis for the spatial zero forcing method for the secure visible light communication. Once the application scene does not have the distributed visible light access point configuration basis, the required differentiated overlapping coverage cannot be provided for the same user position, and the spatial zero forcing method cannot normally operate, so that the visible light coverage of the eavesdropping user cannot be forced to be zero.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beams, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problem that the existing secret visible light wireless space zero forcing technology can only be used for configuring the application scene of a distributed visible light access point.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beams comprises the following steps:
step one, the configuration of the space distributed visible light wireless access point is NarrayThe visible light wireless access points with the same size are uniformly distributed on an indoor ceiling, each visible light wireless access point adopts a solid-state light source with the same beam characteristic, the solid-state light sources distributed on the indoor ceiling form a light source array and serve as a visible light signal emitter, under the arrangement configuration of the spatially distributed visible light wireless access points, different visible light wireless access points form a light source array with a differentiated beam characteristic, and under the arrangement of the distributed visible light wireless access points with the differentiated beam, visible light channel gain vectors with significant differences can be obtained at different receiving positions of the same signal receiving plane;
under the configuration of a space distributed visible light wireless access point, a channel vector of an eavesdropping user is constructed according to an eavesdropping user CSI structure
Figure GDA0003541550420000021
Wherein,
Figure GDA0003541550420000022
is the channel gain from the ith distributed light source array to the eavesdropping user, and the N corresponding to the channel vectorarray-a null-space matrix Ψ composed of 1 null-space column vectorseve；
The spatial concentration visible light wireless access point configuration is that only a single visible light wireless access point is arranged on the indoor ceiling, and the single visible light wireless access point is composed of Nsub_arrayThe small-sized solid-state light source sub-arrays are formed, and each light source sub-array has differentiated beam characteristics, so that different light source sub-arrays provide obviously different visible light channel gains at the same receiving position on a signal receiving plane;
under the configuration of a spatial centralized visible light wireless access point, a channel vector h of an eavesdropping user is constructed according to an eavesdropping user CSI structureeve，
Figure GDA0003541550420000023
Wherein [.]TRepresenting a matrix transpose operation,
Figure GDA0003541550420000024
is the channel gain from jth centralized light source sub-array to eavesdropping user, and the channel vector corresponds to Nsub_array-a null-space matrix Ψ composed of 1 null-space column vectorseve。
Step two, constructing the zero space matrix psieveIs provided with a spatial zero weight matrix wnull，wnull＝sΨeveΨT evehbobWherein, ΨT eveIs psieveS is the scaling factor of the spatial zero-set weight matrix, hbobChannel gain for the secured user bob;
thirdly, under the configuration of the space distributed or centralized visible light wireless access points, the signal captured by the target user is loaded to a light source array or a light source subarray of the visible light access point light sourceIs passing through wnullThe weighted signal is then used to generate a weighted signal,
ybob＝amod_ind×PDC×hbob×wnull×d+zbob，
wherein, ybobIs a signal captured by a target user, amod_indIs the modulation index, P, of the visible light access point light sourceDCIs the DC bias of the visible light access point source, d is the raw data applied to the visible light emitter, zbobIs the noise captured by the target user, and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the target user is expressed as:
SNRbob＝[a2 mod_ind(PDC)2(hbob)Twnull(wnull)Thbob]/σ2(ii) a Wherein σ2Representing a noise variance;
under the above-mentioned spatial distribution type or centralized type visible light wireless access point configuration, in this way, the signal captured by the eavesdropping user is the light source array of the visible light access point light source or the light source subarray loaded via wnullThe weighted signal is then used to generate a weighted signal,
yeve＝amod_ind×PDC×heve×wnull×d+zeve
＝amod_ind×PDC×0×d+zeve＝zeve，
wherein, yeveIs eavesdropping on the signal captured by the user, amod_indIs the modulation index, P, of the visible light access point light sourceDCIs the DC bias of the visible light access point source, d is the raw data applied to the visible light emitter, zeveIs the noise captured by the eavesdropping user, the received signal-to-noise ratio of the eavesdropping user can be expressed as: SNReve＝0/σ2Therefore, the reception signal of the eavesdropping user is sufficiently suppressed, and the secure visible light communication of the target user is realized.
The secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on the combined beam introduces commercial light source combined beams, various access point geometric structures and eavesdropping receiving signal space zero forcing into a visible light communication physical layer security technology, comprehensively considers the diversity, complexity and directionality of commercial solid-state light source beams, is suitable for various application scenes, can be compatible with distributed access point configuration, can also be used for single-access point visible light communication physical layer application scenes, and has high configuration flexibility and wide applicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beams according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spatially distributed visible light wireless access point (planar geometry).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spatially distributed visible light wireless access point (spherical geometry).
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spatially distributed visible light wireless access point (conformal geometry).
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spatially concentrated visible light wireless access point (planar geometry).
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spatially concentrated visible light wireless access point (conformal geometry).
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a spatially centralized visible light wireless access point (conformal geometry).
The codes in the figures are respectively: 1 is lambertian beam, 2 is non-lambertian beam, 3 is eavesdropping user, 4 is target user, 5 is zero-forcing data stream, and 6 is data stream.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention.
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples:
example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the method for forcing zero in wireless space of secret visible light based on combined beam includes the following steps:
step one, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the configuration of the spatially distributed visible light wireless access point is NarrayAll have the same sizeThe light wireless access points are uniformly distributed on an indoor ceiling, each visible light wireless access point adopts a solid-state light source (such as an LED light source) with the same beam characteristic, the LED light sources distributed on the ceiling form a light source array, the light source array is used as a visible light signal transmitter, under the spatial distributed visible light wireless access point layout configuration, different visible light wireless access points form a light source array with a differentiated beam characteristic, and under the distributed visible light wireless access point configuration based on the differentiated beam, visible light channel gain vectors with significant difference can be obtained at different receiving positions of the same signal receiving plane (the length of the vector is N);
the degree of difference of the gain vectors of the visible light channels is influenced by two factors: (1) the length difference of the links from each spatially distributed visible light wireless access point to different receiving positions; (2) and the radiation intensity of each spatially distributed visible light wireless access point is different from that of the different receiving positions.
Under the configuration of a space distributed visible light wireless access point, a channel vector h of an eavesdropping user is constructed according to an eavesdropping user CSI structureeve，
Figure GDA0003541550420000041
Wherein,
Figure GDA0003541550420000042
is the channel gain from the ith distributed light source array to the eavesdropping user, and the N corresponding to the channel vector array1 null-space column vectors (vector size 1 XN)array) Combined to a size of Narray×(Narray-1) null-space matrix Ψeve；
As shown in fig. 5-7, the spatially centralized visible light wireless access point configuration is such that only a single visible light wireless access point is placed on the ceiling (typically at the central location of the ceiling), the centralized visible light wireless access point being defined by Nsub_arrayThe small-sized solid-state light source (such as LED light source) sub-arrays are formed by packaging according to the requirement of a required geometric structure, and differentiated beams are arranged among the light source sub-arraysThe characteristic that different light source sub-arrays provide significantly different visible light channel gains at the same receiving position on the signal receiving plane;
under the configuration of a spatial centralized visible light wireless access point, a channel vector h of an eavesdropping user is constructed according to an eavesdropping user CSI structureeve，
Figure GDA0003541550420000043
Wherein [.]TRepresenting a matrix transpose operation,
Figure GDA0003541550420000044
is the channel gain from jth centralized light source sub-array to eavesdropping user, and the channel vector corresponds to N sub_array1 null-space column vectors (vector size 1 XN)sub_array) Combined to a size of Nsub_array×(Nsub_array-1) null-space matrix Ψeve。
Step two, constructing the zero space matrix psieveIs provided with a spatial zero weight matrix wnull，wnull＝sΨeveΨT evehbobWherein, ΨT eveIs ΨeveS is the scaling factor of the spatial zero-set weight matrix, hbobFor securing the channel gain of the user bob, the value of s is adjusted so that the matrix wnullThe absolute amplitude value of each element of (a) is not more than 1;
thirdly, under the configuration of the space distributed or centralized visible light wireless access points, the signal captured by the target user is a light source array of the visible light access point light source or a light source subarray loaded by the light source subarraynullA weighted signal, represented as: y isbob＝amod_ind×PDC×hbob×wnull×d+zbob(ii) a Wherein, ybobIs a signal captured by a target user, amod_indIs the modulation index, P, of the visible light access point light sourceDCIs the DC bias of the visible light access point source, d is the raw data applied to the visible light emitter, zbobCaptured by the target userNoise, and thus the received signal-to-noise ratio of the target user can be expressed as:
SNRbob＝[a2 mod_ind(PDC)2(hbob)Twnull(wnull)Thbob]/σ2(ii) a Wherein σ2Representing a noise variance;
under the above-mentioned spatial distribution type or centralized type visible light wireless access point configuration, in this way, the signal captured by the eavesdropping user is the light source array of the visible light access point light source or the light source subarray loaded via wnullA weighted signal, represented as:
yeve＝amod_ind×PDC×heve×wnull×d+zeve
＝amod_ind×PDC×0×d+zeve＝zeve，
wherein, yeveIs eavesdropping on the signal captured by the user, amod_indIs the modulation index, P, of the visible light access point light sourceDCIs the DC bias of the visible light access point source, d is the raw data applied to the visible light emitter, zeveIs the noise captured by the eavesdropping user, so the received snr of the eavesdropping user can be expressed as: SNReve＝0/σ2Therefore, the reception signal of the eavesdropping user is sufficiently suppressed, and the secure visible light communication of the target user is realized.
In the above scenario, the goal of the visible light wireless access point is to send the secured data (i.e. the corresponding data stream 6) to the target user 4, forcing the eavesdropping user signal level to zero by using the Channel State Information (CSI) of the eavesdropping user 3, i.e. the eavesdropping user receives the zero-forcing data stream 5.
Unlike the conventional single lambertian light source array, the light source array with lambertian and multiple differentiated non-lambertian light source beams (spatial centralized visible light wireless access point configuration) provided by the present invention forms the combined beam (e.g., the combination of lambertian beam 1 and non-lambertian beam 2 in fig. 5 to 7), and the overlapping coverage of the differentiated multiple light signals at the same user location can be achieved by means of the differentiated beam characteristics, such coverage difference naturally results from the difference of spatial radiation characteristics between beams, without depending on the spatial distributed access point configuration, the method not only can be compatible with distributed access point configuration, but also can be suitable for a single access point (spatial centralized visible light wireless access point configuration) visible light communication physical layer application scene, and has high configuration flexibility and wide applicability.
The spatial zero forcing method can be suitable for secret visible light (and wireless light) communication, secret visible light (and wireless light) positioning, secret visible light (and wireless light) sensing and the like, and mainly supports spatial centralized type and spatial distributed type visible light wireless access configuration and planar type, spherical type and conformal type access point geometric structures (see fig. 2 to 7).
The invention introduces zero forcing of commercial light source combined beams, various access point geometrical structures and eavesdropping receiving signal space into the technical scheme of visible light communication physical layer security, and comprehensively considers the diversity, complexity and directionality of commercial solid-state light source beams; the practical requirement of a single-access-point indoor visible light wireless application scene is considered.
As a candidate visible light communication physical layer security enhancement technical method, a technical scheme of secret visible light space zero forcing based on combined beams is provided, and the method has the advantages of multiple aspects and mainly comprises the following steps: (1) the method can be suitable for a confidential visible light communication application scene based on a non-Lambert commercial solid-state light source; (2) the method can be suitable for a confidential visible light positioning application scene based on a non-Lambert commercial solid-state light source; (3) the method can be suitable for a confidential visible light sensing application scene based on a non-Lambert commercial solid-state light source; (4) the method can be suitable for visible light wireless application scenes only provided with single solid-state light source access points or limited in number of access points; (5) the method can be suitable for application scenes with customized requirements on the geometric structure of the light source access point; (6) the method can be applied to application scenes with limited resources of the visible light access point on the ceiling and the like.
The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims (1)

1. A secret visible light wireless space zero forcing method based on combined beams is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, the configuration of the space distributed visible light wireless access point is NarrayThe visible light wireless access points with the same size are uniformly distributed on an indoor ceiling, each visible light wireless access point adopts a solid-state light source with the same beam characteristic, the solid-state light sources distributed on the indoor ceiling form a light source array, the light source array is used as a visible light signal emitter, under the layout configuration of the spatially distributed visible light wireless access points, different visible light wireless access points form a light source array with a differentiated beam characteristic, and under the configuration of the spatially distributed visible light wireless access points based on the differentiated beam, visible light channel gain vectors with significant differences can be obtained at different receiving positions of the same signal receiving plane;
under the configuration of a space distributed visible light wireless access point, a channel vector h of an eavesdropping user is constructed according to an eavesdropping user CSI structureeve，
Figure FDA0003541550410000011
Wherein,
Figure FDA0003541550410000012
is the channel gain from the ith distributed light source array to the eavesdropping user, and the N corresponding to the channel vectorarray-a null-space matrix Ψ composed of 1 null-space column vectorseve；
The spatial concentration visible light wireless access point configuration is that only a single visible light wireless access point is arranged on the indoor ceiling, and the single visible light wireless access point is composed of Nsub_arrayThe small-sized solid-state light source sub-arrays are formed, and the light source sub-arrays have different beam characteristics, so that the different light source sub-arrays are in signal connectionProviding significantly different visible light channel gains at the same receive location on the flat-out plane;
under the configuration of a spatial centralized visible light wireless access point, a channel vector h of an eavesdropping user is constructed according to an eavesdropping user CSI structureeve，
Figure FDA0003541550410000013
Wherein [.]TRepresenting a matrix transpose operation,
Figure FDA0003541550410000014
is the channel gain from jth centralized light source sub-array to eavesdropping user, and the channel vector corresponds to Nsub_array-a null-space matrix Ψ composed of 1 null-space column vectorseve；
Step two, constructing the zero space matrix psieveIs set to zero weight matrix wnull，wnull＝sΨeveΨT evehbobWherein, ΨT eveIs ΨeveS is the scaling factor of the spatial zero-set weight matrix, hbobChannel gain for the secured user bob;
thirdly, under the configuration of the space distributed or space centralized visible light wireless access points, the signal captured by the target user is a light source array of the visible light access point light source or a loaded w-pass light source subarraynullThe weighted signal is then used to generate a weighted signal,
ybob＝amod_ind×PDC×hbob×wnull×d+zbob，
wherein, ybobIs a signal captured by a target user, amod_indIs the modulation index, P, of the visible light access point light sourceDCIs the DC bias of the visible light access point source, d is the raw data applied to the visible light emitter, zbobIs the noise captured by the target user, and the received signal-to-noise ratio of the target user is expressed as:
SNRbob＝[a2 mod_ind(PDC)2(hbob)Twnull(wnull)Thbob]/σ2(ii) a Wherein σ2Representing a noise variance;
under the configuration of the spatially distributed or spatially centralized visible light wireless access points, the signal captured by the eavesdropping user is a light source array of the visible light access point light source or a w-passing light source subarray loaded by the light source subarraynullThe weighted signal is then used to generate a weighted signal,
yeve＝amod_ind×PDC×heve×wnull×d+zeve
＝amod_ind×PDC×0×d+zeve＝zeve，
wherein, yeveIs eavesdropping on the signal captured by the user, amod_indIs the modulation index, P, of the visible light access point light sourceDCIs the DC bias of the visible light access point source, d is the raw data applied to the visible light emitter, zeveIs the noise captured by the eavesdropping user, the received signal-to-noise ratio of the eavesdropping user can be expressed as: SNReve＝0/σ2＝0。
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