CN112924146A - Stepped plunger reciprocating sealing test device and stepped plunger design method - Google Patents
Stepped plunger reciprocating sealing test device and stepped plunger design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112924146A CN112924146A CN202110041039.8A CN202110041039A CN112924146A CN 112924146 A CN112924146 A CN 112924146A CN 202110041039 A CN202110041039 A CN 202110041039A CN 112924146 A CN112924146 A CN 112924146A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
- F04B53/143—Sealing provided on the piston
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- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plunger and reciprocating seal service life detection thereof, in particular to a stepped plunger reciprocating seal test device and a stepped plunger design method. The invention comprises a stuffing box, a plunger, an additional plunger rod, a hydraulic cylinder body, a power source, a stroke frequency signal sensor and/or a rotating speed signal sensor. The invention has the working characteristics of energy saving and high efficiency, can embody the friction and wear state between the plunger and the reciprocating seal which is completely consistent with the actual working condition of the reciprocating pump, and simultaneously does not need the pump to operate for a long time under the actual working condition, namely the high-power working condition, thereby greatly reducing the test cost on the premise of ensuring the accurate, reliable, quick and intelligent test. The invention also provides a plunger design method based on the stepped plunger reciprocating sealing test device, so as to ensure that the device can operate quickly and efficiently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plunger and reciprocating seal service life detection thereof, in particular to a stepped plunger reciprocating seal test device and a stepped plunger design method.
Background
Due to the limitation of various factors such as life test cost, verification method and the like, a method and a means for effectively obtaining the service life of the plunger and the reciprocating seal thereof are not available in most cases. At present, the service life data of the plunger and the reciprocating sealing pair thereof are mostly obtained by methods such as a field test method or a real sample machine test method.
The application field test method is characterized in that the service life and the working state of the pump plunger and the reciprocating seal thereof are tracked and recorded and finally the service life test data of the pump plunger and the reciprocating seal thereof are obtained in the pump process for process production by means of the reciprocating pump application field and the production device and the convenient conditions of the pump application field. However, at the site of the process application, where the premise and goal is to ensure safe production, the plunger and its reciprocating seal life test are only additional tasks. In practice, the production process always changes, and the operation conditions (flow, pressure, rotation speed, temperature and conveying medium) of the pump are determined to be in change, so that the boundary conditions of the test process are always deviated from the preset conditions and cannot be adjusted, and the test result cannot objectively reflect the actual conditions of the specific conditions. Even due to the restriction of conditions, the change often lacks effective statistical records, and when data are analyzed, necessary actual operation conditions and operation boundary conditions are lacked as the basis for change analysis. Meanwhile, the uncertainty of the test data is increased due to the influence of various factors such as the professional ability of a field operator, difficulty in system participation of professional technicians, insufficient precision of field production type instruments and equipment and the like. So that many times, the data obtained by different channels with the same plunger are very different and even have multiple deviations. Therefore, many life data obtained in this way can only be used as qualitative reference of life data and cannot be used as a basis for accurate and quantitative life indexes due to the lack of many accurate working condition parameter data supports. In addition, the production line is shut down accidentally to be overhauled, which brings about great economic loss. The method is directly used for actual production to carry out test verification without test verification, and is easy to cause unexpected fault shutdown. Thus, in most cases, a non-test-verified plunger and its reciprocating seal would not allow direct test testing at the production site.
The test method of the sample machine is to install the sample machine with the tested plunger and the reciprocating seal on a special test bed system, to continuously run the pump under the design condition, and to test the actual running life of the plunger and the reciprocating seal of the pump. However, the disadvantages of the physical prototype test are also extremely evident: namely high consumption and low efficiency, the defect is increasingly obvious for a high-power unit. In the aspect of high consumption, the physical sample machine testing method needs to assemble the plunger and the reciprocating seal thereof in the physical sample pump and continuously operate under the actual working condition of the pump until the plunger and the reciprocating seal thereof are damaged. Taking a 315kW plunger pump with medium power as an example, if the plunger life is estimated at 2000 hours over time and the electricity rate is estimated at 0.75 yuan/kw.h, the test electricity rate is about: 315 × 2000 × 0.75/10000 ═ 47.25 ten thousand yuan. The above estimation is only for 1 plunger and 1 working condition, and if the plunger needs to be tested in comparison with a plurality of working conditions, the test cost is undoubtedly great expense. The low efficiency means: the test method of the sample machine is that the plunger and the whole pump are tested together, and according to the structure and the working principle of the reciprocating pump, the rotating speed of the pump and the flow and the power of the pump are in a 1-power relation. If the rotating speed is increased, the flow rate and the driving power of the pump are increased, and the test is impossible due to the influence of the power and the strength of the plunger, so that the service life test can only be a primary speed test or a speed reduction test. In addition, the engineering experience shows that the service life of the reciprocating pump plunger is generally about 1-6 months, and the service life of the large pump plunger is relatively short. If the high-power and original-speed test is carried out, the test capability of most enterprises can only ensure the test of one large pump, so that a large number of pumps cannot be tested in normal test. Therefore, the material sample machine testing method has long test data acquisition period and cannot be borne by enterprises; meanwhile, plunger manufacturers do not have the test condition of a little large power.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a step type plunger reciprocating seal test device with reasonable and practical structure, the device has the working characteristics of energy saving and high efficiency, the frictional wear state between the plunger and the reciprocating seal consistent with the actual working condition of the reciprocating pump can be reflected, and meanwhile, the pump does not need to run for a long time under the actual working condition, namely the high-power working condition, so that the test cost is greatly reduced on the premise of ensuring the accurate, reliable, quick and intelligent test. Another object of the present invention is to provide a plunger design method based on the above stepped plunger reciprocating seal test device, so as to ensure the device to operate quickly and efficiently.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a cascaded plunger reciprocating seal test device, includes the packing box and cooperates the plunger in the packing box barrel chamber, its characterized in that: one end of the stuffing box is provided with a hydraulic cylinder body, the other end of the stuffing box is provided with a power source which can enable the plunger to generate axial reciprocating motion, the sealing surface of the hydraulic cylinder body is attached to the end face of the stuffing box, and a cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body forms an accommodating cavity for temporary storage of a medium; the front end of the plunger is provided with an additional plunger rod to enable the whole appearance to be in a stepped shaft shape, one side cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, which is close to the packing box, penetrates through a matching hole through which the plunger can pass, the aperture of the matching hole is smaller than or equal to the diameter of a sealing cylinder of the packing box, one side cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder body, which is far away from the packing box, axially penetrates through a coaxial hole, a hole-shaft plug-in type dynamic sealing relation is formed between the additional plunger rod and the coaxial hole, and at the moment, a shaft shoulder of the plunger, which is located in an accommodating cavity area, forms a working end for drawing and pumping the;
the device also comprises a stroke frequency signal sensor for monitoring the reciprocating times of the plunger and/or a rotating speed signal sensor for monitoring the rotating speed of the rotating shaft of the power source; and the signal output end of the stroke frequency signal sensor and/or the signal output end of the rotating speed signal sensor are communicated with the signal input end of the acquisition and control module.
Preferably, the liquid cylinder body comprises a main cylinder with a barrel-shaped appearance, the coaxial hole penetrates through the barrel bottom of the main cylinder, and a sealing fit with a surface is formed between the barrel opening of the main cylinder and the box bottom of the stuffing box.
Preferably, the coaxial hole is in a two-section stepped hole shape, and the hole end aperture of the coaxial hole at the bottom of the main cylinder barrel is larger than the hole end aperture of the coaxial hole at the accommodating cavity; the large-aperture section of the coaxial hole is coaxially provided with a packing ring, the packing ring is pressed in the large-aperture section by an auxiliary packing gland, and a hole-shaft plug-in type dynamic sealing relation is formed between the inner ring surface of the packing ring and the outer wall of the additional plunger rod.
Preferably, the outer wall of the liquid cylinder body is provided with a medium inlet with an inlet valve and a medium outlet with an outlet valve which are communicated with the accommodating cavity, and the medium enters through the medium inlet and flows out through the medium outlet; the device also comprises a medium circulating component, wherein a circulating pipeline of the medium circulating component is respectively communicated with the medium inlet and the medium outlet; the medium enters the accommodating cavity through the medium inlet and then flows out of the medium outlet, and enters the liquid storage tank after sequentially passing through the pressure signal sensor, the second temperature signal sensor and the pressure regulating valve under the pumping action of the shaft shoulder of the plunger, and the medium in the liquid storage tank flows into the medium inlet after passing through the cooling module and the first temperature signal sensor; the signal output ends of the pressure signal sensor, the second temperature signal sensor and the first temperature signal sensor are also communicated with the signal input end of the acquisition and control module.
Preferably, a parallel branch pipeline is further arranged between the medium outlet and the inlet of the liquid storage tank, and a bypass valve playing a role in balancing water pressure is arranged on the parallel branch pipeline.
Preferably, a liquid replenishing pipe is arranged on the liquid storage tank, and a liquid replenishing valve is arranged on the liquid replenishing pipe.
Preferably, the cooling module is a water-cooling heat exchanger.
Preferably, a design method of the stepped plunger using the test device for testing reciprocating sealing of the stepped plunger is characterized in that:
the additional plunger rod length L of the two-section type stepped shaft-shaped plunger is obtained according to the following formula1And diameter D1：
L1＝(1.5～2)S
D1＝(0.9～0.95)D2
Wherein S is the plunger stroke and D2The original plug diameter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the wear of the stuffing seals at the stuffing box is caused by the direct reciprocating movement of the plunger, which assumes the task of pumping the medium when operating in normal conditions and therefore requires a power matched to it to drive its movement. Therefore, if a certain form of plunger is adopted, the plunger can restore the motion state of the plunger and the surface of the box body in the actual operation under the condition of doing work on a small amount of medium, and the service life of the plunger can be rapidly and efficiently detected.
Based on the above viewpoint, the invention designs a step-shaped additional plunger rod and plunger matching structure which can be axially communicated in a novel way, and the additional plunger rod is arranged at the top end of the plunger so that the whole shaft body is in a step shape, and the plunger only depends on part of the cross section, namely the shaft shoulder, to do work on the medium; the device can not only completely simulate the stress and working state of the plunger and the packing seal during reciprocating motion, but also ensure that the plunger can finish detection under the action of small axial force and with the driving power far less than that of a normal plunger. The structure is matched with a full-automatic testing system and a key parameter self-error correction system to carry out the plunger and the reciprocating sealing test of the plunger, so that the accuracy of the plunger and the reciprocating sealing test of the plunger is ensured, and the structure has the characteristics of high efficiency, rapidness and intellectualization.
The arrangement of the medium circulation assembly aims to provide a carrier with the medium circulating back and forth so as to ensure the normal circulation use of the medium. More specifically, on one hand, the shaft shoulder at the plunger of the invention is used for applying work to a small amount of medium, so that the relative motion situation between the plunger and the stuffing box is completely simulated, compared with the original plunger form, the driving power required by the test is greatly reduced, the test cost is saved, and the energy-saving and load-reducing targets are realized for enterprises; on the other hand, it is a great saving for some special, rare and valuable test media, due to the reduced amount of media required for the test. In addition, because the plunger only applies work to a small amount of medium, the pumping flow and the axial load of the plunger are reduced, so that the accelerated motion of the plunger becomes feasible, the service life data of the plunger can be quickly obtained by accelerating the rotating speed of the pump on a certain basis, the test period is shortened, the time cost is effectively saved, and multiple purposes are achieved.
The invention has carried on the field test of the service life of the plunger under the assistance of full automatic test system, key parameter self-correcting system; practice proves that the invention has the working characteristics of energy saving and high efficiency, can ensure the accurate, reliable, rapid and automatic service life test, and is particularly suitable for the service life detection of the plunger and the reciprocating seal thereof in a high-power unit.
2) For the liquid cylinder body, the main body structure of the liquid cylinder body is composed of a main cylinder, and a barrel opening of the main cylinder is directly sealed at the corresponding end face of the stuffing box in an isobaric and compact manner through thread fit, so that the normal circulation of a medium can be generated through an accommodating cavity, a medium inlet and a medium outlet under the pumping pressure action of a shaft shoulder at a plunger; meanwhile, the medium in the accommodating cavity can also permeate into a matching gap between the plunger and the stuffing box through the matching hole, so that the lubricating phenomenon of the medium on the sealing pair under the actual condition is simulated. In the case of a coaxial bore, the design function is to ensure a sealing engagement of the additional plunger rod with itself at all times, in order to avoid a medium leakage situation along the coaxial bore.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an operation state of the present invention.
The actual correspondence between each label and the part name of the invention is as follows:
a-stuffing box b-sealing stuffing c-stuffing gland
10-plunger 11-additional plunger rod 12-shaft shoulder
20-fluid cylinder 20 a-master cylinder
21-medium inlet 21 a-inlet valve 22-medium outlet 22 a-outlet valve
23-matching hole 24-coaxial hole 25-packing ring 26-auxiliary packing gland
31-stroke frequency signal sensor 32-rotating speed signal sensor 33-acquisition and control module
34-pressure signal sensor 35-second temperature signal sensor
36-first temperature signal sensor 40-power source
51-pressure regulating valve 52-liquid storage tank 53-cooling module
54-bypass valve 55-liquid supplementing valve
Detailed Description
For ease of understanding, the specific construction and operation of the invention is described further herein as follows:
the structure of the specific embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and the main structure comprises three major parts, namely a stepped plunger motion assembly, a medium circulation assembly and an acquisition control assembly. Wherein:
step type plunger motion assembly
The invention has the main invention point that a step type axial through volume-reducing variable plunger piston combined structure and a reciprocating sealing mechanism thereof are innovatively designed. Specifically, an additional plunger rod 11 is provided as a stepped section at the front end portion of the plunger 10 under test, forming a stepped structure. The dimensional parameters of the tested plunger 10 are determined according to the actual size of the plunger, and a main sealing mechanism and a secondary sealing mechanism are integrally arranged. The main sealing mechanism is an actual sealing mechanism needing to be tested and consists of a stuffing box a, a sealing stuffing assembly, namely sealing stuffing b, a support ring, a stuffing gland c and the like, and the structure, the size and the like of the main sealing mechanism completely accord with the size of a sealing structure of a pump to be tested, so that the motion form between the plunger 10 and the sealing stuffing b accords with the actual state; the secondary sealing mechanism is composed of a packing gland 26 and a hydraulic cylinder body 20 and is mainly used for sealing the additional plunger rod 11 of the plunger 10 and ensuring that no medium leaks from the part.
In the structure, because the axial direction is a closed through type cavity and the length of the additional plunger rod 11 is larger than that of the liquid cylinder body, the additional plunger rod 11 of the step section can not apply work to the medium. Compared with the traditional pump cavity, the part of the plunger 10 which really does work on the medium is only the annular part, so that the pumping flow is greatly reduced, the pump distribution power and the axial force of the plunger are reduced, and the purpose of detecting the plunger and the seal under lower power is achieved.
The driving end of the plunger 10 adopts a universal reciprocating pump power end form, namely a crank connecting rod structure, and converts the rotary motion output by a power source 40 such as a motor or a diesel engine into the reciprocating motion of the plunger 10, and the rotating speed of the driving end is adjustable.
Since the driving force only needs to provide power for overcoming the friction force between the movement of the plunger 10 and the additional plunger rod 11 and respective sealing packing and doing work on a small amount of medium, the driving end power can be generally used for test driving of various types of plungers and reciprocating sealing thereof within a certain range. Meanwhile, as the driving force is small, the plunger can reciprocate at a high speed only by properly improving the driving power, the actual running pump speed can be 5-10 times that of the pump, and the test efficiency can be obviously improved.
It can be known from the above that, the core point of the present invention is to arrange the additional plunger rod 11 at the front end of the plunger 10 to form a step shape on the whole, so that the pumping surface is formed only by the shoulder 12 of the plunger 10 to reduce the working area of the pumping surface on the medium, so as to reduce the power and the axial force, thereby simulating the motion condition of the plunger 10 on the surface of the sealing filler b with a smaller power. Therefore, the design of the parameters of the additional plunger rod 11 at the front end of the plunger 10 is important.
L represents the length of the entire plunger 10Degree; l is1Represents the length of the additional plunger rod 11; d2Represents the original plunger 10 diameter, i.e., the diameter of the large-diameter section of the plunger 10 in fig. 1; d1Representing the diameter of the additional plunger rod 11. What needs to be determined among the above parameters is the length L of the additional plunger rod 11 at the front end of the plunger 101And diameter D1The length L of the two-stage stepped shaft-shaped plunger 10 and the additional plunger rod 11 is obtained according to the following formula1And diameter D1：
L1＝(1.5～2)S
D1＝(0.9～0.95)D2
Wherein S is the plunger stroke and D2Is the original plunger diameter, i.e. the diameter of the conventionally used plunger.
The value of the parameter can be considered to be small value for small power pumping and large value for large power pumping.
At this time, the original plunger pumping theoretical flow rate Q and the pumping flow rate Q1 of the plunger 10 of the present invention are respectively:
now assume that for a certain plunger, D is taken1＝0.9D2Therefore, the pumping flow rate of the stepped plunger combination structure can be found to be only 19% of the pumping flow rate of the original plunger. Correspondingly, the pump matching power and the axial plunger force are only 19% of the original pump, and the power required by the test and the strength requirement of the driving end are greatly reduced.
Second, medium circulation assembly
The medium circulation assembly mainly comprises a circulation pipeline, a pressure regulating valve 51, a liquid storage tank 52, a cooling module 53, namely a water-cooling heat exchanger and the like. The volume within the chamber changes as a result of the reciprocating motion of the plunger 10 within the receiving chamber. When the volume in the accommodating cavity is gradually increased, the inlet valve 21a at the medium inlet 21 is opened, and the outlet valve 22a at the medium outlet 22 is closed, so that the medium is sucked into the accommodating cavity through the medium inlet 21; conversely, when the volume in the accommodating chamber becomes smaller, the inlet valve 21a at the medium inlet 21 is closed and the outlet valve 22a at the medium outlet 22 is opened, so that the medium is discharged out of the accommodating chamber through the medium outlet 22. The pressure regulating valve 51 can regulate the outlet pressure of the cylinder 20, i.e., the pump, so that the outlet back pressure of the cylinder meets the pressure under the actual working condition. The inlet and outlet pipes of the fluid cylinder 20 are connected to the fluid reservoir 52 so that the medium can be recycled. Since the plunger 10 generates a large amount of heat energy during the movement process to raise the temperature of the medium, a cooling module 53, i.e., a water-cooled heat exchanger as shown in fig. 1, needs to be connected to the reservoir 52 to cool the medium, so as to ensure that the physical property of the medium is consistent with the actual condition, thereby reducing the test error.
The media circulation assembly is a universal system of the present invention and is generally designed to meet substantially all experimental needs in one to two groups.
Thirdly, collecting and controlling assembly
The acquisition and control assembly is an electric and automatic control part of the invention and mainly comprises a data acquisition subsystem and an electric dragging and automatic control subsystem.
The data acquisition subsystem mainly comprises a pressure signal sensor 34, a first temperature signal sensor 36, a second temperature signal sensor 35, a stroke frequency signal sensor 31, a rotating speed signal sensor 32 and other sensors, an acquisition and control module 33 and the like. The electric dragging and automatic control subsystem mainly comprises a variable frequency regulator, an electric control cabinet, an electric element actuator and the like.
The acquisition and control assembly is a universal system, and one set of system can basically meet all test requirements by simply correcting certain design parameters.
During actual work, test data such as system pressure, medium temperature, stroke frequency and the like are collected and controlled by the collection and control module 33; the system pressure is collected by the pressure signal sensor 34 and is ensured to be always adjusted to the pressure required by the test by controlling the pressure regulating valve 51. Because the pump may have the condition of pressure fluctuation in operation, so stipulate a pressure value deviation, when gathering the pressure value and being greater than this deviation value, report to the police and shut down and analyze the difference reason, continue the experiment after solving the problem.
The test medium temperature is measured by a first temperature signal sensor 36 and a second temperature signal sensor 35, the first temperature signal sensor 36 being always smaller than the second temperature signal sensor 35. The temperatures of the first temperature signal sensor 36 and the second temperature signal sensor 35 can not be higher than the test required temperature of the plunger 10, and when the temperatures of the first temperature signal sensor and the second temperature signal sensor are higher than the required temperatures, the average value of the first temperature signal sensor 36 and the second temperature signal sensor 35 is adjusted through the water-cooled heat exchanger to ensure that the required temperatures of the test media are met.
The reciprocating operation times of the plunger 10 are recorded by two groups of stroke frequency signal sensors 31; and the number of times the plunger 10 is reciprocated is the most direct indication of the life of the plunger and its reciprocating seal. Part life is generally characterized by time, which is the accumulation of the number of times the plunger reciprocates on the surface of the packing. Before the plunger and the packing sealing pair do not fail, the more times of the plunger reciprocating on the surface of the packing, the longer the service life of the plunger and the sealing, and therefore, the service life data can be obtained by measuring the reciprocating times of the plunger and the reciprocating sealing before the failure.
The invention records and accumulates the reciprocating times of the plunger 10 through the stroke frequency signal, the signal is very critical and is not easy to make mistakes, and the invention adopts a homologous heterologous double comparison method to carry out self-correction and error correction: two homologous stroke frequency signal sensors 31 are arranged at the initial position of the plunger 10, and the reciprocating times of the plunger 10 are measured and recorded as the effective test stroke times and are self-checked; a rotating speed signal sensor 32 is arranged at the position of the plunger 10 which is connected with the low-speed rotation without speed reduction, the rotating speed signal sensor 32 can convert into a stroke frequency signal, the source of the rotating speed signal is different from that of the stroke frequency signal sensor 31, the rotating speed signal is recorded and compared with that of the stroke frequency signal sensor 31, and mutual verification is carried out.
The power source 40 adopts a variable frequency driving mode, the rotating speed is adjustable, and the reciprocating times of the plunger 10 in unit time are also changed. Due to the combined structure design mode of the two-section stepped plunger 10 and the additional plunger rod 11, the power and the axial force required by the plunger 10 are greatly reduced compared with the original plunger, so that the rotating speed of the pump can be correspondingly increased on the basis of the rotating speed of the original plunger life, the actual operation can reach 5-10 times of the original pump speed, and the time required by the test is greatly reduced. Even if necessary, two identical plunger-filler structures can be subjected to the same or different comparative tests simultaneously to increase the clarity of the test and reduce the chance of testing.
In conclusion, compared with the traditional stuffing box a life test mode, the invention has the following advantages:
1) energy saving and consumption reduction
The invention adopts a step type plunger combined structure form, under the condition of completely simulating the actual working state of the plunger and the reciprocating seal thereof, the medium discharge is greatly reduced, the power for driving the plunger to move and the axial force borne by the plunger are greatly reduced, and the test requirement and the medium consumption are greatly reduced.
2) Short test period
The invention greatly reduces the power and the axial force required by the movement of the plunger, thereby greatly improving the test rotating speed, greatly shortening the service life test of the plunger and the reciprocating seal thereof, quickly obtaining service life data, shortening the test period and saving the time cost.
3) High intelligent degree
The boundary conditions of the test are automatically controlled by the data control system, and the test records are automatically recorded and controlled, so that the interference of human factors is eliminated, and the intelligent transformation requirements of enterprises are met.
4) High accuracy
In the test system, key data such as pressure, reciprocating times and the like are mutually verified by adopting multiple parameters, so that the test boundary is always in a design state, the consistency of test conditions and the accuracy of test data are ensured, and the test accuracy is improved.
The structural design of the invention is convenient for simultaneously carrying out undifferentiated multi-plunger tests, indiscriminately and simultaneously obtaining multi-sample data, is convenient for further discriminating the accuracy of test results, and improves the actual effect of the test accuracy.
Due to the fact that the cost is low, the implementation is easy, the pertinence and diversity tests can be carried out more conveniently and widely, the pertinence tests can be carried out aiming at a plurality of influences on the plunger and reciprocating sealing factors of the plunger, and data of different types of plungers are more accurate.
5) Has super-strong practicability and is convenient to realize popularization
In conclusion, the plunger and the reciprocating sealing test system are convenient for test development with lower cost, low energy consumption, rapidness and wider range, and are convenient for plunger and sealing production enterprises and whole pump production enterprises to equip the system, thereby bringing possibility for large-scale development of the plunger and the reciprocating sealing test thereof, bringing convenience for scientific research of the plunger and the reciprocating sealing thereof, and being capable of rapidly and greatly improving the reliability of the plunger and the reciprocating sealing thereof, and further prolonging the service life of the whole equipment.
Practice shows that the method can save energy by about 80%, can shorten the original test period to be within 20% of the original period, and has extremely obvious effect.
Of course, the above is one specific embodiment of the present invention. In actual operation, the power structure of the variable frequency motor serving as a power source is replaced conventionally, for example, a gear rack mechanism is used for replacing a crank rocker structure, a plunger cylinder is used for replacing the variable frequency motor, and the like; and the conventional changes of the main cylinder appearance, the conventional replacement of the conventional electrical parts, and even the conventional radiation of the scheme of the invention to the adjacent cylinder life testing field, etc. should be considered as equivalent or similar designs and fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a cascaded plunger reciprocating seal test device, includes stuffing box (a) and cooperates plunger (10) in stuffing box (a) barrel cavity, its characterized in that: one end of the stuffing box (a) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder body (20), the other end of the stuffing box (a) is provided with a power source (40) which can enable the plunger (10) to generate axial reciprocating motion, the hydraulic cylinder body (20) is attached to the end surface of the stuffing box (a) in a sealing surface manner, and a cylinder cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body (20) forms an accommodating cavity for temporary storage of a medium; an additional plunger rod (11) is arranged at the front end of the plunger (10) to enable the overall appearance to be in a stepped shaft shape, a cylinder wall on one side, close to a packing box (a), of a hydraulic cylinder body (20) penetrates through a matching hole (23) through which the plunger (10) can pass, the aperture of the matching hole (23) is smaller than or equal to the diameter of a sealing cylinder of the packing box (a), a cylinder wall on one side, far away from the packing box (a), of the hydraulic cylinder body (20) axially penetrates through a coaxial hole (24), a hole-shaft plug-in type dynamic sealing relation is formed between the additional plunger rod (11) and the coaxial hole (24), and at the moment, a shaft shoulder (12) of the plunger (10) located in an accommodating cavity area forms a working end for drawing and pumping medium in the accommodating cavity;
the device also comprises a stroke frequency signal sensor (31) for monitoring the reciprocating times of the plunger (10) and/or a rotating speed signal sensor (32) for monitoring the rotating speed of the rotating shaft of the power source (40); and the signal output end of the stroke frequency signal sensor (31) and/or the signal output end of the rotating speed signal sensor (32) are communicated with the signal input end of the acquisition and control module (33).
2. The stepped plunger reciprocating seal testing device of claim 1, wherein: the liquid cylinder body (20) comprises a main cylinder (20a) with a barrel-shaped appearance, the coaxial hole (24) penetrates through the barrel bottom of the main cylinder (20a), and a sealing fit with a surface fit is formed between the barrel opening of the main cylinder (20a) and the box bottom of the stuffing box (a).
3. The stepped plunger reciprocating seal testing device of claim 2, wherein: the coaxial hole (24) is in a two-section stepped hole shape, and the hole end aperture of the coaxial hole (24) positioned at the barrel bottom of the main cylinder (20a) is larger than the hole end aperture of the coaxial hole (24) positioned at the accommodating cavity; and a packing ring (25) is coaxially arranged at the large-aperture section of the coaxial hole (24), the packing ring (25) is pressed in the large-aperture section by an auxiliary packing gland (26), and a hole-shaft plug-in type dynamic sealing relation is formed between the inner ring surface of the packing ring (25) and the outer wall of the additional plunger rod (11).
4. A stepped plunger reciprocating seal testing device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder body (20) is provided with a medium inlet (21) with an inlet valve (21a) and a medium outlet (22) with an outlet valve (22a), which are communicated with the accommodating cavity, and the medium enters through the medium inlet (21) and flows out through the medium outlet (22); the device also comprises a medium circulating component, wherein a circulating pipeline of the medium circulating component is respectively communicated with the medium inlet (21) and the medium outlet (22); the medium enters the accommodating cavity through the medium inlet (21) and then flows out of the medium outlet (22), and enters the liquid storage tank (52) after sequentially passing through the pressure signal sensor (34), the second temperature signal sensor (35) and the pressure regulating valve (51) under the pumping action of the shaft shoulder (12) of the plunger (10), and the medium in the liquid storage tank (52) flows into the medium inlet (21) through the cooling module (53) and the first temperature signal sensor (36); the signal output ends of the pressure signal sensor (34), the second temperature signal sensor (35) and the first temperature signal sensor (36) are also communicated with the signal input end of the acquisition and control module (33).
5. The stepped plunger reciprocating seal testing device of claim 4, wherein: a parallel branch pipeline is also arranged between the medium outlet (22) and the inlet of the liquid storage tank (52), and a bypass valve (54) playing a role of balancing water pressure is arranged on the parallel branch pipeline.
6. The stepped plunger reciprocating seal testing device of claim 4, wherein: a liquid replenishing pipe is arranged on the liquid storage tank (52), and a liquid replenishing valve (55) is arranged on the liquid replenishing pipe.
7. The stepped plunger reciprocating seal testing device of claim 4, wherein: the cooling module (53) is a water-cooling heat exchanger.
8. A stepped plunger design method using the stepped plunger reciprocating seal test apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein:
the length L of an additional plunger rod (11) of the two-section stepped shaft-shaped plunger (10) is obtained according to the following formula1And diameter D1：
L1＝(1.5～2)S
D1＝(0.9～0.95)D2
Wherein S is the plunger stroke and D2The original plug diameter.
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