CN112923504A - Classroom environment control device and method - Google Patents

Classroom environment control device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112923504A
CN112923504A CN202011636776.4A CN202011636776A CN112923504A CN 112923504 A CN112923504 A CN 112923504A CN 202011636776 A CN202011636776 A CN 202011636776A CN 112923504 A CN112923504 A CN 112923504A
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fan
classroom
air
air conditioner
conditions
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CN112923504B (en
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刘定华
刘浩君
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Guangzhou Haoming Electrical And Mechanical Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Haoming Electrical And Mechanical Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
    • F24F2110/70—Carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a classroom environment control device and method, the device includes: calculating a fluid dynamic model, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a fresh air fan, an air conditioner and a sensor group; the sensor group is used for acquiring environmental parameters in a classroom; the computational fluid dynamics model is used for calculating and obtaining a temperature field and a speed field in the classroom according to the environmental parameters; setting a preset condition in the PLC based on the temperature field and the speed field; and when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, the PLC controller starts or closes the fresh air machine and the air conditioner. The invention simulates the environment in the classroom by establishing the computational fluid dynamics model, so as to calculate the temperature field and the speed field obtained by the fluid dynamics model, set the preset conditions by referring to the temperature field and the speed field, and dynamically control the environment in the classroom according to the preset conditions, thereby not only providing a comfortable environment, but also saving energy.

Description

Classroom environment control device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental control, and particularly relates to a classroom environment device and a classroom environment method.
Background
In the prior art, when the temperature of the classroom is not matched with the temperature of a human body, a fresh air machine, an air conditioner or a ceiling fan can be manually turned on, so that the use is inconvenient; or, for some classrooms in which the fresh air blower, the air conditioner and the ceiling fan are uniformly turned on or turned off by the background system, dynamic control cannot be realized, so that resources are wasted, energy conservation and emission reduction are not facilitated, and the classrooms cannot be ensured to be in a proper environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides a classroom environment control device and a classroom environment control method, which can realize dynamic control of classroom environment.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized according to the following technical scheme:
a classroom environment control apparatus comprising: calculating a fluid dynamic model, a PLC controller, a fresh air fan and an air conditioner;
the sensor group is used for acquiring environmental parameters in a classroom;
the computational fluid dynamics model is used for calculating and obtaining a temperature field and a speed field in the classroom according to the environmental parameters;
setting a preset condition in the PLC based on the temperature field and the speed field;
and when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, the PLC controller starts or closes the fresh air machine and the air conditioner.
As a further improvement of the invention, the fresh air fan is provided with an equal proportion regulation type electric two-way valve and a stepless speed regulation fan; when the environmental parameters do not meet preset conditions, the PLC controls the air volume of the new fan by controlling the opening of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve or/and controls the stepless speed regulation fan to regulate the speed of the new fan;
the air conditioner is provided with an equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve, and when the environmental parameters do not meet preset conditions, the PLC controls the air volume of the air conditioner by controlling the opening of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve or/and controls the stepless speed regulation fan to regulate the speed of the air conditioner.
As a further improvement of the invention, the invention also comprises: the fan is provided with a speed regulation control box;
and when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, the PLC controls the wind speed of the fan by controlling a speed regulation control box.
In addition, the invention also provides a classroom environment control method, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a computational fluid dynamics model;
acquiring boundary conditions in a classroom;
inputting the boundary conditions into the computational fluid dynamics model, and calculating to obtain a temperature field and a speed field in the classroom;
setting an environmental parameter in a classroom based on the temperature field and the velocity field;
acquiring environmental parameters in a classroom;
and when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, controlling an air conditioner, a fresh air fan and a fan in the classroom.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the boundary conditions include: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining boundary conditions in the classroom according to the external wall conditions, the human body conditions and the light conditions, wherein the step of obtaining the boundary conditions in the classroom comprises the following steps:
acquiring the outer wall condition and the light condition in the classroom from classroom design drawings;
an image recognition people counting camera is arranged in a classroom to obtain the human body condition in the classroom.
As a further improvement of the invention, the step of inputting the boundary condition to the computational fluid dynamics model comprises the steps of:
simplifying the exterior wall conditions into a flat plate heat source and inputting the flat plate heat source into the computational fluid dynamics model;
simplifying the human body condition and the light condition into a body heat source and inputting the body heat source into the computational fluid dynamics model.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the boundary conditions include: new fan condition, air conditioner condition, new fan condition includes: the installation information of the fresh air machine, the return air temperature of the fresh air machine and the air supply temperature of the fresh air machine; the air conditioner conditions include: installation information of the air conditioner and return air temperature of the air conditioner; the step of obtaining the boundary conditions in the classroom comprises the following steps:
acquiring the installation information of the fresh air machine and the installation information of the air conditioner according to a classroom design drawing;
the air return temperature sensor is arranged at the air return inlet of the fresh air fan to acquire the air return temperature of the fresh air fan in real time, and the air supply temperature sensor is arranged at the air supply outlet of the fresh air fan to acquire the air supply temperature of the fresh air fan in real time.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the boundary conditions include: fan conditions, the fan conditions comprising: fan installation information and fan operating wind speed; the step of obtaining the boundary conditions in the classroom comprises the following steps:
and acquiring the fan installation information according to a classroom design drawing, and acquiring the fan running wind speed according to a speed regulation test box of the fan.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of controlling the air conditioner, the new air blower and the fan in the classroom when the environmental parameter does not satisfy the design condition includes the steps of:
when the environmental parameters do not meet the design conditions, controlling the air volume of the fresh air fan by controlling the opening of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve, or/and controlling the stepless speed regulation fan to regulate the speed of the fresh air fan;
the air conditioner is provided with an equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve, and when the temperature field or/and the speed field do not meet the design conditions, the opening degree of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve is controlled to control the air volume of the air conditioner or/and the stepless speed regulating fan is controlled to regulate the speed of the air conditioner.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of controlling the air conditioner, the new air blower and the fan in the classroom when the environmental parameter does not satisfy the design condition includes the steps of:
and when the environmental parameters do not meet the design conditions, controlling a speed regulation control box to control the wind speed of the fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: firstly, a computational fluid dynamics model is established to simulate the environment in a classroom, the computational fluid dynamics model has the advantages of rapidness, cheapness, intuition and easy simulation of real conditions on the aspects of airflow organization and human body thermal comfort of a building air conditioning system, provides powerful basis for dynamic control of classroom environment, secondly, the temperature field and the velocity field obtained by the computational fluid dynamics model are used for setting preset conditions by referring to the temperature field and the velocity field, under the preset condition, the environment in the classroom can be kept at a comfortable and energy-saving level, the environmental parameters in the classroom are acquired in real time and are compared with the preset condition, and under the condition that the requirement is not met, the air conditioner, the fresh air machine and the fan in the classroom are controlled, dynamic control of classroom environment is achieved, a comfortable environment can be provided, and energy can be saved.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a classroom environment control device according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a classroom environment control method according to an embodiment two;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a computational fluid dynamics model according to example two;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the computational fluid dynamics model of example two after meshing;
FIG. 5 is a temperature field of 1.1m height inside a chamber according to example two;
FIG. 6 is a velocity field at a height of 1.1m in a chamber according to example two;
FIG. 7 is a PMV distribution of 1.1m height in a room of example two;
FIG. 8 is a 1.1m height indoor PPD profile of example two;
FIG. 9 is a temperature field of 1.1m height inside the chamber of the third embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a velocity field of 1.1m height inside the chamber of the third embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a PMV distribution of 1.1m height in a room of example three;
FIG. 12 is a 1.1m height indoor PPD profile of example three;
FIG. 13 is a temperature field of 1.1m height inside a chamber according to the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 14 is a velocity field of 1.1m height within a chamber according to the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 15 is a PMV distribution of 1.1m height in a room of example four;
FIG. 16 is the indoor 1.1m height PPD distribution of example four.
Description of the labeling: 1. calculating a fluid dynamic model; 2. a PLC controller; 3. a fresh air machine; 4. an air conditioner; 5. a sensor group; 51. an air supply temperature sensor; 52. a return air temperature sensor; 53. a carbon dioxide sensor; 6. an equal proportion adjustment type electric two-way valve; 7. a stepless speed regulation fan; 8. a fan; 81. speed governing control box.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example one
The present embodiment provides a classroom environment control apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, including: the method comprises the following steps of calculating a fluid dynamics model 1, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 2, a fresh air fan 3, an air conditioner 4 and a sensor group 5; the sensor group 5 is used for acquiring environmental parameters in a classroom; the computational fluid dynamics model 1 is used for calculating a temperature field and a speed field in the classroom according to environmental parameters in the classroom; setting preset conditions in the PLC based on the temperature field and the speed field; and when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, the PLC controller 2 starts or closes the fresh air machine 3 and the air conditioner 4.
Specifically, the sensor group 5 includes: air supply temperature sensor 51, return air temperature sensor 52 and carbon dioxide sensor 53, air supply temperature sensor 51 sets up in 3 air supply departments of new fan for acquire the air supply temperature of new fan 3, return air temperature sensor 52 sets up the return air inlet at new fan 3 and air conditioner 4, is used for acquiring the return air temperature of new fan 3 and air conditioner 4, and carbon dioxide sensor 53 sets up in the classroom, is used for acquireing the carbon dioxide concentration in the classroom.
Further, the fresh air fan 3 is provided with an equal proportion regulation type electric two-way valve 6 and a stepless speed regulation fan 7; when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, such as the air supply temperature of the fresh air fan 3, the return air temperature of the fresh air fan 3 and the return air temperature of the air conditioner 4 do not meet the preset conditions, the PLC controls the air volume of the fresh air fan 3 by controlling the opening of the equal proportion regulation type electric two-way valve 6 or/and controls the stepless speed regulation fan 7 to regulate the speed of the fresh air fan 3; the air conditioner 4 is provided with an equal proportion regulation type electric two-way valve 6, and when the environmental parameters do not meet preset conditions, the PLC controls the air quantity of the air conditioner 4 by controlling the opening degree of the equal proportion regulation type electric two-way valve 6 or/and controls the stepless speed regulation fan 7 to regulate the speed of the air conditioner 4.
In addition, this embodiment further includes: the fan 8, the fan 8 is provided with the speed control box 81; when the environmental parameter does not meet the preset condition, the PLC controls the wind speed of the fan 8 by controlling the speed-adjusting control box 81.
Example two
The embodiment provides a classroom environment control method, as shown in fig. 2, including the steps of:
s1, establishing a computational fluid dynamics model, as shown in figure 3, firstly establishing the computational fluid dynamics model according to the actual size of a building and referring to data detected on the spot, wherein the length, the width and the height of the computational fluid dynamics model correspond to 10m multiplied by 15m multiplied by 4m, and the computational fluid dynamics model comprises an air supply outlet, an air return inlet, an air conditioner, a fresh air fan, a human body heat source and a peripheral protective structure; second, it is used forThe computational fluid dynamics model is divided into grids, and the air supply port is considered to be circular
Figure RE-GDA0003051413460000051
The swirl air port has a small proportion relative to the whole classroom model, and the air supply air port is locally encrypted. In the process, multiple grid division modes are considered, if the grid division is too thin, the problems of low calculation speed, large calculation time consumption, serious local grid distortion and the like can be caused, and if the grid division is too large, the problems of reduced calculation precision, incapability of identifying local openings and the like can be caused. On the basis of comprehensively considering the grid quality, the calculation speed and the calculation precision and fully considering the building size, the model sizes of the air ports, the heat sources and the like in the building, the equivalent air port model is adopted for processing, and the grids are uniformly encrypted according to gradual change so as to ensure the simulation accuracy. The computational model mesh is set to X × Y × Z106 × 151 × 41 656246, resulting in the model shown in fig. 4;
s2, acquiring boundary conditions in the classroom;
s3, inputting boundary conditions into a computational fluid dynamics model, wherein in the embodiment, based on micro analysis of air turbulence characteristics, a kappa-epsilon two-pass turbulence model is provided by adopting launch, Spalding and the like, a control equation set is dispersed by using a controlled volume dispersion method, and meanwhile, the effect of radiation heat exchange is considered, and software proposed by PHOENICS company is used for carrying out simulation calculation to obtain a temperature field and a velocity field in a classroom; the relevant parameters for the discrete solution are as follows:
a turbulence model: a standard k-epsilon two-pass model;
sub-relaxation factor: the pressure is 1; the temperature is 1; momentum is 1; h2The O component is 0.5; kappa is 0.5; epsilon is 0.5;
convergence criterion: flow 1X 10-6(ii) a Energy of 1X 10-6。
S4, setting preset conditions based on the temperature field and the speed field;
s5, acquiring environmental parameters in the classroom in real time;
and S6, controlling the air conditioner, the fresh air fan and the fan in the classroom when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions.
In this embodiment, the boundary conditions include: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining boundary conditions in a classroom according to the conditions of an outer wall, human body and light, and comprises the following steps:
s21, obtaining the outer wall condition and the light condition in the classroom from the classroom design drawing;
and S22, arranging an image recognition people counting camera in the classroom to acquire the human body condition in the classroom.
Further, the step of inputting the boundary conditions to the computational fluid dynamics model comprises the steps of:
s31, simplifying the outer wall conditions into a flat plate heat source and inputting the flat plate heat source into the computational fluid dynamics model;
and S32, simplifying the human body condition and the light condition into body heat sources and inputting the body heat sources into the computational fluid dynamics model.
Specifically, according to the load calculation result, the indoor cooling load mainly comes from the outer wall, the indoor cooling load is simplified into a flat heat source outside the leveling domain, the light and equipment heat sources are simplified into a body heat source with the height of 0.5m and the distance of 3.0m from the ground, and the heating value is shown in table 1. The indoor human body heat source is simplified into a body heat source which is laid on the ground and is 1.2m high, the heat dissipation and the moisture content of the human body correspond to the number of people of a human body model, 58W/person of the adult man are dissipated heat and 75g/h of the adult man are dissipated moisture in a classroom of 162 people in a static sitting and moving state at the indoor design temperature, the human body heat productivity is 58/1000 multiplied by 162 which is 9.396kW, and the moisture dissipation capacity is 75/1000/3600 multiplied by 162 which is 0.003375 kg/s; the heating value of the lamp light and the equipment is (9+5) 150/1000-2.1 kW.
TABLE 1 indoor Heat and moisture Source setup
Figure RE-GDA0003051413460000061
In this embodiment, the design condition of the air conditioner (without using a fan) is simulated, so as shown in table 2, the boundary conditions include: new fan condition, air conditioner condition, new fan condition includes: the installation information of the fresh air machine, the return air temperature of the fresh air machine and the air supply temperature of the fresh air machine; the air conditioner conditions include: installation information of the air conditioner and return air temperature of the air conditioner; the step of acquiring the boundary conditions in the classroom comprises the following steps:
s33, acquiring the installation information of the new fan and the installation information of the air conditioner according to a classroom design drawing, and acquiring the size, the installation height, the air volume and the number of air ports of the new fan; size of air inlet, installation height, air quantity and quantity of air conditioner.
And S34, setting a return air temperature sensor at the return air inlet of the fresh air fan to acquire the return air temperature of the fresh air fan in real time, and setting an air supply temperature sensor at the air supply outlet of the fresh air fan to acquire the air supply temperature of the fresh air fan in real time.
TABLE 2 statistics of calculated parameters for each tuyere of the model
Figure RE-GDA0003051413460000062
The boundary conditions are input into a computational fluid dynamics model for simulation, as shown in fig. 5-8, under the design condition, the air supply temperature of the air conditioner and the fresh air fan is 16.1 ℃/90% and 17.7/95%, and the indoor temperature is about 25.3 ℃ in a personnel activity area. The indoor temperature is low because the design input parameters take into account the margin factor and round, resulting in a lower indoor temperature than the design temperature.
As can be seen from the velocity field diagram, when the nozzle is adopted for supplying air, the indoor flow field distribution is not uniform, the wind speed in the middle area is about 0.8m/s, and the wind speed in the area close to the platform is lower.
It can be seen from the distribution diagrams of PMV and PPD (both PMV and PPD are indoor environment comfort level indexes), that the air is blown by the nozzles, although the air speed of the whole flow field can be increased to a certain extent, the jet flow is farther, but the thermal comfort close to the platform area is still higher, so that the oscillating fan arranged at the platform is recommended to be opened, the thermal comfort of the area can be effectively improved, the PMV of the middle area is about 0.3, the PPD is 8%, the PMV of the teacher platform area is about 1.0, the PPD is 25%, the PMV of the local area is about 1.3, and the PPD is 36%. Considering from the thermal comfort condition of the whole area, the ceiling fan can be properly started, or the shaking fan arranged in the platform area is started, so that the effect is better.
Furthermore, according to the simulation result, setting an indoor temperature value, an air supply temperature value of the fresh air fan and an air supply temperature value of the air conditioner, wherein the values can be accurate values or a value range, and when the value detected in real time in a classroom does not meet the requirement, the air quantity of the fresh air fan is controlled by controlling the opening of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve or/and the stepless speed regulation fan is controlled to regulate the speed of the fresh air fan; in addition, the air conditioner is provided with an equal proportion regulation type electric two-way valve, the opening of the equal proportion regulation type electric two-way valve is controlled to control the air volume of the air conditioner, or/and the stepless speed regulation fan is controlled to regulate the speed of the air conditioner, and then the speed regulation control box is controlled to control the air speed of the fan.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides another classroom environment control method, which is different from the second embodiment in that: in this embodiment, the air conditioner and the fan are adopted to perform simulation under the design condition of combined operation, so the boundary conditions of this embodiment include the boundary conditions of the second embodiment, as shown in table 3, the method further includes: fan conditions, the fan conditions comprising: fan installation information and fan operating wind speed; the step of acquiring the boundary conditions in the classroom comprises the following steps:
and S35, obtaining fan installation information according to the classroom design drawing, wherein the fan installation information comprises the size, the installation height, the air volume and the number of the fans, and obtaining the running air speed of the fans according to the speed regulation test box of the fans.
TABLE 3 statistics of calculated parameters for each tuyere of the model
Figure RE-GDA0003051413460000071
The boundary conditions are input into a computational fluid dynamics model for simulation, as shown in fig. 9-12, under the design condition, the air supply temperatures of the AHU and PAU are 16.1 ℃/90% and 17.7/95%, and in the personnel activity area, the indoor temperature is about 25.5 ℃. The indoor temperature is lower because the design input parameters consider the margin coefficient and are rounded, and the indoor temperature is lower than the design temperature due to the effect of the hanging fan.
As can be seen from the speed field diagram, because the wind speed of the ceiling fan is acted, the indoor flow field distribution is not uniform, the wind speed below the ceiling fan is about 0.8m/s, and from the PMV calculation result, the area below the ceiling fan is approximately neutral, and the teacher podium area is warm, therefore, under the design working condition, the ceiling fan can adopt the medium wind speed, disturbance is increased properly, and the comfort of the podium area is better.
As can be seen from the PMV and PPD distribution diagrams, due to the action of the wind speed of the ceiling fan, the PMV of the area below the ceiling fan is about 0.3, the PPD reaches 10%, while the PMV of the area of the teacher podium is about 1.0, the PPD is 20%, and the local area reaches 45%. Considering from the thermal comfort condition of the whole area, the wind speed of the ceiling fan can be properly improved, and the effect is better.
That is to say, when the environmental parameter does not meet the design condition, the air speed of the fan can be controlled by controlling the speed regulation control box in addition to controlling the fresh air machine and the air conditioner.
Example four
The present embodiment provides another classroom environment control method, as shown in table 4, which is different from the third embodiment in that: in the embodiment, the air conditioner and the fan are adopted to operate in a combined mode to optimize the working condition for simulation, the operating wind speed of the fan is different from that of the fan in the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 13-16, under the design working condition, the air supply temperatures of the AHU and the PAU are 18.1 ℃/90% and 19.7/95%, and the indoor temperature is about 27.8 ℃ in a personnel activity area. The indoor temperature is lower because the design input parameters consider the margin coefficient and are rounded, and the indoor temperature is lower than the design temperature due to the effect of the hanging fan.
TABLE 4 statistics of calculated parameters for each tuyere of the model
Figure RE-GDA0003051413460000081
It can be seen from the speed field diagram that the indoor flow field distribution is not uniform due to the action of the wind speed of the ceiling fan, the wind speed below the ceiling fan is about 1.1m/s, the indoor average wind speed is 0.6m/s, and the area below the ceiling fan is approximately neutral from the PMV calculation result, so that under the design working condition, the ceiling fan adopts the medium wind speed, disturbance is increased properly, and the comfort of the platform area is better.
As can be seen from the PMV and PPD distribution diagrams, due to the action of the wind speed of the ceiling fan, the PMV of the lower area of the ceiling fan is about-0.5, the PPD reaches 15%, while the PMV of the whole area of the classroom is about 0.4, the PPD is 10%, and the thermal comfort is neutral, so under the working condition, the indoor thermal comfort integrally meets the standard requirement.
As can be seen from the first embodiment and the fourth embodiment, the present invention simulates different environments in a classroom by establishing a computational fluid dynamics model, provides a powerful basis for dynamic control of classroom environments, and can set preset conditions according to a temperature field and a velocity field obtained by simulation to control the environments in the classroom.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A classroom environment control apparatus, comprising: calculating a fluid dynamic model, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a fresh air fan, an air conditioner and a sensor group;
the sensor group is used for acquiring environmental parameters in a classroom;
the computational fluid dynamics model is used for calculating and obtaining a temperature field and a speed field in the classroom according to the environmental parameters;
setting a preset condition in the PLC based on the temperature field and the speed field;
and when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, the PLC controller starts or closes the fresh air machine and the air conditioner.
2. The classroom environment control apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein said fresh air machine is provided with an equal-proportion-adjustment type electric two-way valve and a stepless speed-adjusting fan; when the environmental parameters do not meet preset conditions, the PLC controls the air volume of the new fan by controlling the opening of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve or/and controls the stepless speed regulation fan to regulate the speed of the new fan;
the air conditioner is provided with an equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve, and when the environmental parameters do not meet preset conditions, the PLC controls the air volume of the air conditioner by controlling the opening of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve or/and controls the stepless speed regulation fan to regulate the speed of the air conditioner.
3. The classroom environment control apparatus as set forth in claim 1, further comprising: the fan is provided with a speed regulation control box;
and when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, the PLC controls the wind speed of the fan by controlling a speed regulation control box.
4. A classroom environment control method, comprising the steps of:
establishing a computational fluid dynamics model;
acquiring boundary conditions in a classroom;
inputting the boundary conditions into the computational fluid dynamics model, and calculating to obtain a temperature field and a speed field in the classroom;
setting a preset condition based on the temperature field and the speed field;
acquiring environmental parameters in a classroom in real time;
and when the environmental parameters do not meet the preset conditions, controlling an air conditioner, a fresh air fan and a fan in the classroom.
5. The classroom environment control method as set forth in claim 4, wherein the boundary conditions include: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining boundary conditions in the classroom according to the external wall conditions, the human body conditions and the light conditions, wherein the step of obtaining the boundary conditions in the classroom comprises the following steps:
acquiring the outer wall condition and the light condition in the classroom from classroom design drawings;
an image recognition people counting camera is arranged in a classroom to obtain the human body condition in the classroom.
6. The classroom environment control method of claim 5, wherein said step of inputting said boundary conditions into said computational fluid dynamics model comprises the steps of:
simplifying the exterior wall conditions into a flat plate heat source and inputting the flat plate heat source into the computational fluid dynamics model;
simplifying the human body condition and the light condition into a body heat source and inputting the body heat source into the computational fluid dynamics model.
7. The classroom environment control method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the boundary conditions include: new fan condition, air conditioner condition, new fan condition includes: the installation information of the fresh air machine, the return air temperature of the fresh air machine and the air supply temperature of the fresh air machine; the air conditioner conditions include: installation information of the air conditioner and return air temperature of the air conditioner; the step of obtaining the boundary conditions in the classroom comprises the following steps:
acquiring the installation information of the fresh air machine and the installation information of the air conditioner according to a classroom design drawing;
the air return temperature sensor is arranged at the air return inlet of the fresh air fan to acquire the air return temperature of the fresh air fan in real time, and the air supply temperature sensor is arranged at the air supply outlet of the fresh air fan to acquire the air supply temperature of the fresh air fan in real time.
8. The classroom environment control method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the boundary conditions include: fan conditions, the fan conditions comprising: fan installation information and fan operating wind speed; the step of obtaining the boundary conditions in the classroom comprises the following steps:
and acquiring the fan installation information according to a classroom design drawing, and acquiring the fan running wind speed according to a speed regulation test box of the fan.
9. The classroom environment control method as described in claim 7, wherein the step of controlling the air conditioner, the fresh air machine, and the fan in the classroom when the environmental parameter does not satisfy the design condition includes the steps of:
when the environmental parameters do not meet the design conditions, controlling the opening of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve to control the air volume of the fresh air fan, or/and controlling the stepless speed regulation fan to regulate the speed of the fresh air fan;
the air conditioner is provided with an equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve, and when the environmental parameters do not meet design conditions, the opening degree of the equal-proportion regulation type electric two-way valve is controlled to control the air volume of the air conditioner or/and the stepless speed regulation fan is controlled to regulate the speed of the air conditioner.
10. The classroom environment control method as described in claim 1, wherein said step of controlling an air conditioner, a fresh air machine, and a fan in a classroom when said environmental parameters do not satisfy design conditions comprises the steps of:
and when the environmental parameters do not meet the design conditions, controlling a speed regulation control box to control the wind speed of the fan.
CN202011636776.4A 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Classroom environment control device and method Active CN112923504B (en)

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CN102930145A (en) * 2012-10-18 2013-02-13 中建三局第二建设工程有限责任公司 Courtyard indoor thermal environment analyzing method based on CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) information technology
EP3029389A2 (en) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-08 Delta Electronics, Inc. Controlling system for environmental comfort degree and controlling method of the controlling system
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