CN112922792A

CN112922792A - Blade electrothermal composite film, blade, wind generating set and method for manufacturing blade

Info

Publication number: CN112922792A
Application number: CN201911239531.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖智龙; 杨建军; 闻笔荣
Original assignee: Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2021-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-06
Also published as: CN112922792B

Abstract

The invention provides a blade electric heating composite film, a blade, a wind generating set and a method for manufacturing the blade, wherein the blade electric heating composite film comprises an insulating layer, an electric heating layer and a covering layer, the electric heating layer comprises an electric heating unit, an electric heating lead wire, a temperature sensor and a sensor signal wire, the electric heating unit is connected to the electric heating lead wire so as to electrify the electric heating unit through the electric heating lead wire, the temperature sensor is arranged on the electric heating unit and outputs a sensing signal through the sensor signal wire, the covering layer is arranged on the upper side of the electric heating layer to form the outer surface of the blade electric heating composite film, the insulating layer is arranged on the lower side of the electric heating layer, and the. According to the blade electrothermal composite film, the blade, the wind generating set and the method for manufacturing the blade, the wiring mode of an electrothermal conducting wire and a sensor signal wire in the blade can be optimized.

Description

Blade electrothermal composite film, blade, wind generating set and method for manufacturing blade

Technical Field

The invention relates to a blade electrothermal composite film, a blade, a wind generating set and a method for manufacturing the blade of the wind generating set.

Background

In a wind generating set, a blade is a core component for capturing wind energy, and the aerodynamic characteristics of the blade have a crucial influence on the generating efficiency of the whole wind generating set.

Generally, wind resources are mainly distributed in the north of ice, snow and very wet south, and the application environment of the wind generating set is relatively severe. Because the wind generating set needs to operate under the low temperature condition below zero ℃, when the blades of the wind generating set encounter humid air, rainwater, salt fog and ice and snow, particularly under the condition of over-cooled water drops, the blade icing phenomenon often occurs.

After the blades of the wind generating set are coated with ice, the blades can cause serious damage to the normal operation of the wind generating set, and the blades can generate larger ice load after being coated with ice, so that the service life of the blades is greatly reduced. In addition, because the ice loads loaded on each blade are different, the balance load of the wind generating set is increased, and if the set continues to operate, the set is greatly damaged; if the machine is shut down for maintenance, the utilization rate of the machine set is greatly reduced.

In addition, after the surface of the blade is coated with ice, the wing profiles at all positions of the blade are changed in different degrees, so that the lift resistance coefficient of the wing profiles is influenced, the output of the wind generating set is greatly influenced, and the generating efficiency is reduced.

On the other hand, after the blade surface is coated with ice, if the ambient temperature rises, the ice on the blade surface may fall off, and along with the extremely high tip speed, the ice may pose a safety threat to adjacent aircrew and personnel.

In addition, after icing occurs on the surface of the blade, the natural frequency of the blade changes, so that the dynamic response behavior of the blade changes, and the control behavior of a control system of the wind generating set is interfered. Furthermore, icing of the blades may cause a malfunction of the detection signal system of the wind turbine generator system, thereby feeding back an error signal.

The existing anti-icing/de-icing technologies for wind turbine blades are mainly studied around electrical heating de-icing, hot gas de-icing and special coating methods. Compared with an electric heating mode, the hot gas deicing and special coating protection technology has poor application effect. The electric heating technology is to arrange a heating layer on the surface or the inner layer of the blade to prevent ice and melt ice, so that when the blade is about to freeze, a heating system is started to raise the surface temperature of the blade, thereby preventing the surface of the blade from freezing, or after the blade surface is frozen, the heating system is started to melt the ice layer on the surface, thereby achieving the aim of deicing.

In the existing electric heating deicing system, two wiring modes of a heating lead and a sensor signal wire are provided.

One method is to penetrate the shell layer of the blade and lead wires and signal wires into the cavity of the blade for the new blade, then wire the inner surface of the cavity of the blade, scrape the glue and seal, and then fix the blade by manually pasting glass fibers. However, this method is complicated in operation process and time-consuming, and has insufficient protection of the heating wire and the sensor signal wire, and risks of lightning induction or lightning strike between the wires, which threatens the safety of the wind turbine generator system.

The other method is to reform the blades of the in-service unit, wire the outer surfaces of the blades, and then carry out glue scraping sealing, hand pasting fixing, profile repairing and the like. However, in this method, not only are the problems mentioned in the first method, but more importantly, the problems are disturbing to the aerodynamic profile of the blade, directly affecting the power curve (power generation) of the unit, especially when wiring along the leading edge of the blade.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a blade electrothermal composite film, a blade, a wind generating set and a method for manufacturing the blade of the wind generating set, which aim to optimize the wiring mode of an electrothermal conducting wire and a sensor signal wire in an electric heating deicing system.

An aspect of the present invention provides a blade electrothermal composite film, including an insulating layer, an electrothermal layer, and a cover layer, the electrothermal layer including an electrothermal unit, an electrothermal wire, a temperature sensor, and a sensor signal line, the electrothermal unit being connected to the electrothermal wire to energize the electrothermal unit through the electrothermal wire, the temperature sensor being disposed on the electrothermal unit and outputting a sensing signal through the sensor signal line, the cover layer being disposed on an upper side of the electrothermal layer to form an outer surface of the blade electrothermal composite film, the insulating layer being disposed on a lower side of the electrothermal layer, wherein the insulating layer, the electrothermal layer, and the cover layer are formed as an integral structure.

Preferably, the electro-thermal layer may further include a spacer laid between the temperature sensor and the sensor signal line and the electro-thermal unit.

Preferably, the insulating layer may include a first region in which the electric heating units are laid, and a second region in which a recessed wire groove in which the electric heating wire and/or the sensor signal line are arranged, the electric heating units being a sheet-shaped heating net or a heating film.

Preferably, the blade electrothermal composite film may further include a multi-split plug to which the joints of the plurality of electrothermal leads or the plurality of sensor signal lines leading from the blade electrothermal composite film are connected.

Preferably, the blade electrothermal composite film may further include a lightning protection layer disposed at a lower side of the insulating layer and including a lightning protection main body and a lightning protection lead for connecting the lightning protection main body with a lightning protection system of the blade, the lightning protection layer being formed as an integrated structure together with the insulating layer, the electrothermal layer and the cover layer.

Preferably, the lightning protection layer may further include a ground lead for grounding the lightning protection body, and the lightning protection body may include a metal mesh or a metal sheet.

Another aspect of the invention provides a blade of a wind generating set, wherein the blade comprises the blade electrothermal composite film.

Preferably, the blade can further comprise a substrate layer, the covering layer of the blade electric heating composite film is arranged on the blade outer skin of the blade, and the substrate layer covers the blade electric heating composite film.

Another aspect of the invention provides a wind park comprising a blade as described above.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a blade for a wind turbine generator system, the method of manufacturing a blade for a wind turbine generator system including: paving a surface felt; laying a backing layer on the surfacing mat; laying the blade electrothermal composite film on the substrate layer; laying a blade body structure layer on the blade electrothermal composite film; vacuum infusion and solidification; and connecting the electric heating composite film of the blade.

According to the blade electric heating composite film, the blade, the wind generating set and the method for manufacturing the blade, an integrated prefabricated composite film can be adopted, and the lightning protection layer, the temperature sensor, the electric heating lead and the sensor signal wire are integrated, so that the wiring mode of the electric heating lead and the sensor signal wire in the blade electric heating deicing system is optimized.

In addition, according to the blade electrothermal composite film, the blade, the wind generating set and the method for manufacturing the blade, damage to the blade and the electrothermal layer caused by direct lightning and induction lightning can be avoided.

In addition, the blade electrothermal composite film, the blade, the wind generating set and the method for manufacturing the blade have the advantages of simple production process and convenient operation, and greatly shorten the production or on-site modification period.

In addition, according to the blade electrothermal composite film, the blade, the wind generating set and the method for manufacturing the blade, the problem that the aerodynamic performance of the blade is reduced due to the fact that wiring protrudes from the surface of the blade to influence the surface shape of the blade can be avoided, and therefore the problem that the aerodynamic performance of the blade is reduced due to the fact that the wiring is arranged along the surface of the blade when the blade is reconstructed on site is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of a blade electrothermal composite film on a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a blade having a blade electrothermal composite membrane disposed thereon according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite electrothermal membrane arranged with blades according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic wiring plan view of a blade electrothermal composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a blade of a wind park according to an embodiment of the invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

1: blade, 10: leading edge region, 20: trailing edge region, 100: blade electrothermal composite film, 110: lightning protection layer, 120: insulating layer, 121: wire chase, 130: electric heating layer, 131: electric heating unit, 1311, 1312: electrode strip, 132: electric heating wire, 133: temperature sensor, 134: sensor signal line, 135: spacer, 140: cover layer, 150: one-to-many plug, 200: control device, 11: leaf inner mask, 12: blade core material, 13: blade outer skin, 14: substrate layer, 15: and (4) surfacing felt.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. In the drawings, like numbering represents like elements throughout. The figures may not be drawn to scale and the relative sizes, proportions and depictions of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated for clarity, illustration and convenience. Further, in order to clearly show the relationship between the components, the internal configuration, and the like, in the partial view, a partial member (for example, the blade body structure in fig. 4, and the like) is omitted from illustration, and in the partial view, a partial member (for example, the covering layer 140, the backing layer 14, and the surfacing mat 15 in fig. 1, and the like) is illustrated as being transparent.

A blade electrothermal composite film and a blade to which the blade electrothermal composite film is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

The blade of the wind power plant comprises a leading edge located at the foremost end of the camber line of the blade airfoil and a trailing edge opposite to the leading edge in the blade chord direction. The surfaces of the leading edge area and the trailing edge area of the blade are easy to freeze in terms of the chord direction of the blade, and the icing strength of the leading edge area is greater than that of the trailing edge.

In the axial direction of the blade, the icing strength gradually decreases in the direction from the blade tip to the blade root. The icing intensity of the blade tip area is the largest, the icing intensity is smaller as the blade tip area is closer to the blade root area, and the wing profile lift drag coefficient of the blade root area has no influence on the aerodynamic performance of the blade, so that a small amount of icing in the blade root area can be ignored, and an electric heating device of the blade is not required to be arranged. In addition, although the icing intensity of the blade tip area is the greatest, since the blade tip area is at a high risk of lightning stroke (generally, the probability of lightning stroke is more than 90%), for safety reasons of the wind turbine generator system, a high lightning stroke risk area (for example, a blade segment of 3 to 5 meters from the blade tip) should be avoided when the blade electric heating device is laid. However, this does not mean that the blade tip section cannot be provided with blade electrical heating devices, and it is also feasible to arrange blade electrical heating devices in the blade tip section in the case that the lightning protection technology of the blade meets the requirements.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an arrangement of an electrothermal device (e.g. a blade electrothermal composite film 100 according to the present invention) at a leading edge region 10 of a blade 1, although not shown, a trailing edge region 20 of the blade 1 may be arranged similarly to the leading edge region 10.

As shown in fig. 1, several electrical heating devices can be arranged on the leading edge region 10, so that a targeted zonal heating can be carried out depending on the icing intensity in different regions of the blade. For example, the heating power of the plurality of electric heating devices may be gradually increased in the direction from the blade root to the blade tip, so as to realize the zone heating of the blade, i.e., to provide sufficient heating amount for the severe icing area (e.g., the area near the blade tip) and simultaneously to moderately heat the less icing area (e.g., the area near the blade root) and avoid the local over-temperature. The arrangement ensures that the heating distribution of the blades is more reasonable, the total power of the electric heating device is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Parameters such as the starting positions, the partition number, the partition width, the partition length and the like of the plurality of electric heating devices can be designed and optimized according to the actual blade length and the deicing system requirement, so that the optimal path of the total power of the heating deicing system and the deicing effect is achieved.

Fig. 2 and 3 show schematic cross-sectional views of a blade in which a blade electrothermal composite film is disposed and a schematic cross-sectional view of the blade electrothermal composite film.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the blade electrothermal composite film 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a lightning protection layer 110, an insulating layer 120, an electrothermal layer 130, and a cover layer 140, which are sequentially arranged, wherein the insulating layer 120, the electrothermal layer 130, and the cover layer 140 are formed as an integrated structure.

The electrothermal layer 130 includes an electrothermal unit 131, an electrothermal wire 132, a temperature sensor 133, and a sensor signal line 134. The electric heating unit 131 is connected to the electric heating wire 132 to energize the electric heating unit 131 through the electric heating wire 132, and the temperature sensor 133 is disposed on the electric heating unit 131, senses the temperature of the electric heating unit 131, and outputs a sensing signal through the sensor signal line 134.

The electric heating unit 131 may be a device capable of converting electric energy into heat energy as a source of ice melting heat for the blade. For example, the electric heating unit 131 may be a carbon fiber heating element, a carbon glass hybrid heating element, a heating film (e.g., a graphene heating film, a PTC heating film), etc., and the form of the electric heating unit 131 is not particularly limited as long as it can be energized through the electric heating wire 132 to generate heat to heat the blade surface.

One end of the electric heating wire 132 may be electrically connected to the electric heating unit 131, for example, when the electric heating unit 131 is a carbon fiber heating element, one end of the electric heating wire 132 may be connected to electrode strips (such as the electrode strips 1311 and 1312 shown in fig. 4) at both ends of the electric heating unit 131. The other end of the electrothermal lead 132 may be led out from the blade electrothermal laminate film 100 to be connected to external power. The electric heating wires 132 and the electric heating units 131 may be horizontally offset from each other in the insulating layer 120, in other words, laid in different regions of the insulating layer 120 without being overlapped with each other.

The temperature sensor 133 may be disposed on an upper surface of the electric heating unit 131 (with reference to the direction shown in fig. 2 and 3) for sensing a heating temperature of the electric heating unit 131 to facilitate control of heating power and heating time, and may also sense a temperature of an outer surface of the blade for determining whether to turn on the electric heating unit 131 since the temperature sensor 133 is close to an outer skin of the blade during the laying process, the heating control of which will be described in detail below. The specific type of the temperature sensor 133 is not particularly limited as long as it can sense temperature, and for example, it may be PT100, a fiber optic sensor, or the like.

One end of the sensor signal line 134 is connected to the temperature sensor 133, and the other end thereof is led out from the blade electro-thermal composite membrane 100 to be connected to the control device 200 (see fig. 4), so that a sensing signal of the temperature sensor 133 is fed back to the control device 200.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, since the temperature sensor 133 is disposed on the upper surface of the electric heating unit 131 and the sensor signal line 134 is also wired on the surface of the electric heating unit 131, it is preferable that the electric heating layer 130 further include a spacer 135 laid between the temperature sensor 133 and the electric heating unit 131 and between the sensor signal line 134 and the electric heating unit 131 to prevent the temperature sensor 133 and the sensor signal line 134 from directly contacting the electric heating unit 131. As an example, the separation pad 135 may be a square cloth pad padded between the temperature sensor 133 and the electric heating unit 131 and a cloth pad strip padded between the sensor signal line 134 and the electric heating unit 131. The spacer 135 may be an electrically insulating material and may be a magnetic isolating material to avoid electromagnetic interference of the electric heating unit 131 with the temperature sensor 133 and the sensor signal line 134.

In fig. 3, although the cross-sections of both the electric heating wire 132 and the sensor signal wire 134 are shown as circular, it is not limited thereto, and any other wire type such as a flat wire may be employed. In addition, the number and arrangement of the electric heating wires 132 and the sensor signal wires 134 and the number of the wire slots in fig. 3 are only schematic and can be adjusted according to actual needs.

The insulating layer 120 is disposed at a lower side of the electrothermal layer 130 to support the electrothermal layer 130, the electrothermal wire 132, and the like, and may insulate the electrothermal layer 130 from the outside of the blade electrothermal complex film 100 or other members of the blade electrothermal complex film 100 (e.g., a lightning protection layer 110 to be described below) and may prevent the electrothermal layer 130 from being struck by lightning. As an example, the insulating layer 120 may be formed as an insulating film or an insulating felt.

Preferably, the insulating layer 120 is formed with a recessed wire groove 121, and the electric heating wire 132 and/or the sensor signal wire 134 may be disposed in the wire groove 121. In this case, the insulating layer 120 may include a first region and a second region, and the first region (e.g., a central region) of the insulating layer 120 may be formed with a flat surface for receiving and laying the electric heating unit 131 and the temperature sensor 133 on the electric heating unit 131. As such, the electric heating unit 131 may be a sheet-shaped heating net or a heating film, and may be laid in the first region. And a second region (e.g., an edge region) of the insulating layer 120 may be formed with a wire groove 121 to facilitate routing of the electrothermal wire 132 and the sensor signal wire 134, so that the electrothermal layer 130 may be maintained to have a flat surface as a whole after the electrothermal layer 130 is laid, since the electrothermal wire 132 and the sensor signal wire 134 are routed in the wire groove 121.

The lightning protection layer 110 is arranged on the underside of the insulating layer 120 and comprises a lightning protection body and lightning protection leads for connecting the lightning protection body with the lightning protection system of the blade. As an example, the lightning protection body may be a metal mesh or a metal sheet, e.g., a copper mesh, an aluminum mesh, etc.

Due to the fact that a conductor (such as an electric heating layer) is pre-buried in the blade structure, lightning strike can occur to damage the blade. Therefore, preferably, the blade electrothermal composite film 100 according to the present invention may include a lightning protection layer 110, and a lightning protection lead of the lightning protection layer 110 is connected to a lightning protection cable of a blade body lightning protection system, so that lightning (especially direct lightning) can be introduced into the blade body lightning protection system, thereby preventing the direct lightning from damaging the blade and the electrothermal layer.

In addition to direct lightning strikes, blades are also at risk of induction lightning strikes due to electrostatic induction from thunderclouds or electromagnetic induction during discharge. Therefore, it is preferable that the lightning protection layer 110 according to the present invention further includes a ground lead for grounding the lightning protection body, thereby being used not only for guiding the direct lightning but also for guiding the induction lightning into the ground to avoid damage to the blade and the electrothermal layer 130.

The cover layer 140 covers the upper layer of the electrothermal layer 130 to form a flat outer surface of the blade electrothermal composite film 100, and the cover layer 140 may be biaxial fiberglass cloth.

The blade electrothermal composite film 100 including the above layers according to the present invention may be formed by using an integrated prefabricated composite film (prefabricated member) technology, thereby integrating a temperature sensor, an electrothermal wire and a sensor signal line to form an integrated prefabricated composite film, optimizing a wiring manner, simplifying an installation process, facilitating an operation, and improving production and maintenance efficiency. Therefore, the blade electric heating composite film 100 is suitable for modification of newly produced blades and in-service blades, and for the newly produced blades, the blade electric heating composite film 100 can be embedded in a blade layer structure and integrally poured and cured; for in-service blade transformation, the surface of the blade can be polished, the prefabricated blade electric heating composite film 100 is laid, and then bag pressing and heating curing are carried out.

Further, in the above example, the lightning protection layer 110 may not be included in the blade electrothermal composite film 100 but laid alone, and in this case, the blade electrothermal composite film 100 may include the insulating layer 120, the electrothermal layer 130 and the cover layer 140 formed as an integrated structure, thereby optimizing a wiring structure for easy installation. However, it is preferable that the lightning protection layer 110 is also included in the blade electrothermal composite film 100 according to the present invention so as to be formed as an integral structure together with the insulation layer 120, the electrothermal layer 130 and the cover layer 140 to further simplify the process. Further, the lightning protection layer 110 is not essential, and the lightning protection layer 110 may be omitted in case that the insulation of the blade electrothermal composite film 100 is good enough or the performance of the lightning protection system of the blade itself is sufficient.

In the blade electrothermal composite film 100 described above, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4 to be described below, a single blade electrothermal composite film 100 may be prefabricated to cover the entire region of the blade requiring heating (e.g., the entire leading edge region in fig. 1) according to the customized requirements of the blade heating system, and the entire blade electrothermal composite film 100 may include a plurality of individual electrothermal layers 130 arranged along the axial direction of the blade 1 to achieve the effect of zone heating, in which case, the lightning protection layer 110, the insulating layer 120 and the cover layer 140 are all continuous and integral layers. Therefore, in the process of producing the blades or modifying the blades in service, as only the blade electric heating composite membrane 100 integrated by a single sheet needs to be laid, the process is simple, the operation is quick and convenient, and the production and maintenance efficiency can be greatly improved.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the blade electric heating composite membranes 100 may also be formed in a modular structure, that is, a plurality of blade electric heating composite membranes 100 may be arranged on an area of the blade to be heated, wherein each blade electric heating composite membrane 100 includes a respective lightning protection layer 110, an insulation layer 120, an electric heating layer 130 and a cover layer 140, and the plurality of blade electric heating composite membranes 100 may be electrically connected to each other through a wire or may be respectively connected to a blade heating control device and a main lightning protection system. So, blade electric heat complex film 100 can the modularization to can be formed with a plurality of specification sizes, thereby can be according to the specific heating demand of different blades, select the blade electric heat complex film 100 that is fit for the specification to use in combination. Therefore, compared with the customized prefabricated blade electrothermal composite film 100, the electrothermal composite film has stronger universality and more flexible application.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic wiring plan view of a blade electrothermal composite film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the blade electro-thermal composite membrane 100 may include a plurality of electro-thermal units 131, and the electrode strips 1311 and 1312 of the plurality of electro-thermal units 131 may be connected to the electro-thermal lead 132, thereby connecting the plurality of electro-thermal units 131 in series and/or in parallel.

In addition, the blade electro-thermal compound membrane 100 may further include a one-to-many plug 150 to which the joints of the plurality of electro-thermal conductors or the plurality of sensor signal lines 134 leading from the blade electro-thermal compound membrane 100 are connected. In this manner, multiple wires may be integrated into a single outlet line via a multi-piece plug 150 to facilitate plugging into the control device 200 for controlling blade heating.

Although 3 temperature sensors 133 are shown in fig. 4 for each blade electrothermal composite film 100, the number and the arrangement positions of the temperature sensors 133 are not particularly limited and may be adjusted according to actual needs. Each temperature sensor 133 may be connected to the control device 200 and feed back the temperature of the electric heating unit 131 at different positions to the control device 200, so that the control device 200 may control the power of the electric heating unit 131 according to the current temperature, heating time and the like, and may also perform an individual control operation on the corresponding electric heating unit 131 according to the feedback signal of the temperature sensor 133 at different positions to heat the blade in a targeted manner.

Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a blade of a wind turbine generator system may be further provided, and the blade may include the blade electrothermal composite film 100 as described above.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the blade 1 may include a blade inner skin 11, a blade core 12, a blade outer skin 13, a blade electrothermal composite film 100, a substrate layer 14, and a surfacing mat 15, which are arranged in this order from inside to outside. The blade electric heating composite film 100 according to the invention can be covered on the blade outer skin 13 on the covering layer 140 side, and the substrate layer 14 is covered on the blade electric heating composite film 100. Specifically, the substrate layer 14 may overlie the lightning protection layer 110.

In one aspect, the substrate layer 14 may protect the lightning protection layer 110; on the other hand, since the outer surface of the blade needs to have a certain curvature, the blade electrothermal composite film 100 is required to have a certain flexibility without being too hard, and at the same time, the substrate layer 14 can provide a certain flexibility so that the outer surface of the blade can still have a smooth curved form in the case of laying the blade electrothermal composite film 100. By way of example, the substrate layer 14 may be a biaxial fiberglass cloth, but is not so limited.

In the blade 1 according to the invention, the electric heating conducting wires, the sensor signal wires and the like are embedded in the integrally prefabricated blade electric heating composite film, so that various conducting wires are fully protected, the risk of lightning induction among the conducting wires is eliminated by arranging the lightning protection layer, the blade electric heating composite film can be directly applied to the production or transformation of the blade, the production process is simple, the operation is convenient, and the production or on-site transformation period is greatly shortened.

Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there may also be provided a wind park, which may comprise a blade as described above.

A method of manufacturing a blade of a wind turbine according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 5.

First, the surfacing mat 15 may be laid (S1). For example, 30g/m of the surface of the mold can be fully paved²And (4) surfacing felt.

Next, the back sheet 14 is laid on the surfacing mat 15 (S2). Substrate layer 14 can be biaxial fiberglass cloth, and 400g/m can be laid in a blade heating area when the substrate layer 14 is laid²[±45°]Here, the width of the biaxial fiberglass cloth laid in the mold needs to be larger than the width of the blade electrothermal composite film 100 to be laid, and the flange of the mold is fixed with glue.

Then, the blade electrothermal composite film 100 as described above is laid on the substrate layer 14 (S3), compacted, and fixed with spray glue.

Here, the blade electrothermal composite film 100 may be prefabricated through the following process. In one example, the blade electrothermal composite film 100 may be made by a prepreg process. Specifically, the lightning protection layer 110, the insulating layer 120, the electric heating unit 131, and the temperature sensor 133 may be sequentially laid and wired, wherein the wires may be arranged along the wire groove 121 of the insulating layer 120. Epoxy may then be compounded on the insulation layer 120 (e.g., an insulation substrate such as insulation felt), the electrical heating unit 131 (e.g., carbon fiber or carbon glass hybrid cloth, etc.), and the lightning protection layer 110 (e.g., metal mesh) via high temperature and high pressure techniques. In the above process, the recessed wire groove 121 may be formed on the insulating layer 120 by a molding process.

The composite material processed by the electric heating unit 131, the epoxy resin, the lightning protection layer 110, the insulating layer 120, the temperature sensor 133, various wires (the electric heating lead 132 and the sensor signal wire 134), release paper and other materials through the processes of coating, hot pressing, cooling, coating, coiling and the like can be formed into the integrated prefabricated blade electric heating composite film prepreg.

In another example, the blade electrothermal composite film 100 may be formed by a weaving process. Specifically, the electric heating unit 131 (e.g., carbon fiber or carbon glass mixed woven fabric, etc.), the lightning protection layer 110 (e.g., metal mesh), the insulating layer 120 (e.g., insulating base material such as insulating felt), the temperature sensor 133, and various types of wires (heating wire and sensor signal wire), etc. may be woven into an integrated prefabricated composite film. Here, the knitting process refers to manual or mechanical knitting using a tool such as a bar needle or a crochet needle. In addition, the recessed wire groove 121 may be formed on the insulating layer 120 by a molding process.

Further, in the above step S3, in the example where the blade electrothermal composite film 100 does not include the lightning protection layer 110, the lightning protection layer 110 may be laid on the substrate layer 14 first, and then the blade electrothermal composite film 100 is laid, and in the above manufacturing process of the blade electrothermal composite film 100, the related process of laying or weaving the lightning protection layer 110 may be omitted.

After the blade electro-thermal composite film 100 is laid (S3), a blade body structure layer may be laid on the blade electro-thermal composite film 100 (S4). In this step, the blade shell layers may be laid down as required by the process SOP. The blade body structural layers may include the blade inner skin 11, the blade core 12 and the blade outer skin 13 described above.

Further, at the same time as or after the blade body structural layer is laid, the lightning protection lead of the lightning protection layer 110 may be connected with a lightning protection member of the blade body (e.g., a lightning receptor copper disk in the blade tip/leaf), and the electric heating wire 132, the sensor signal wire 134, and the ground lead of the lightning protection layer 110 may be passed through the blade shell layer to the inner surface of the blade cavity, leaving a wire joint for later wiring.

Then, vacuum infusion and curing are performed (S5). According to the SOP requirement of the process, the processes of laying demolding cloth, a flow guide system, an injection runner, an air guide system, a first vacuum system and a second vacuum system are executed, vacuum injection and pre-curing are carried out, wherein in the process of executing the first vacuum system and the second vacuum system, all line connectors of the blade electric heating composite film 100 need to be subjected to vacuum coating, and injection of glue is prevented.

Finally, the blade electrothermal complex film 100 may be wired (S6). The one-to-many plug 150 can be connected to the reserved wire connector of the blade electrothermal composite film 100 and the reserved wire of the blade heating control device 200, respectively, so as to connect the lightning protection lead of the lightning protection layer 110 with the main lightning protection cable of the lightning protection system of the blade body, and connect the ground lead of the lightning protection layer 110 with the ground part of the blade root.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims

1. A blade electrothermal composite film (100) is characterized in that the blade electrothermal composite film (100) comprises an insulating layer (120), an electrothermal layer (130) and a covering layer (140),

the electric heating layer (130) includes an electric heating unit (131), an electric heating wire (132), a temperature sensor (133), and a sensor signal line (134), the electric heating unit (131) being connected to the electric heating wire (132) to energize the electric heating unit (131) through the electric heating wire (132), the temperature sensor (133) being disposed on the electric heating unit (131) and outputting a sensing signal through the sensor signal line (134),

the covering layer (140) is arranged on the upper side of the electric heating layer (130) and forms the outer surface of the blade electric heating composite film (100),

the insulating layer (120) is disposed on the lower side of the electrothermal layer (130),

wherein the insulating layer (120), the electrothermal layer (130), and the cover layer (140) are formed as an integral structure.

2. The blade electrothermal compound film (100) according to claim 1, wherein the electrothermal layer (130) further comprises an isolation pad laid between the temperature sensor (133) and the sensor signal line (134) and the electrothermal unit (131).

3. Blade electrothermal compound film (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer (120) comprises a first region and a second region, the electrothermal units (131) are sheet-like heating meshes or heating films, the electrothermal units (131) are laid in the first region, the second region has a recessed wire slot (121) formed therein, and the electrothermal wires (132) and/or the sensor signal wires (134) are arranged in the wire slot (121).

4. The blade electrocaloric composite membrane (100) of claim 1, wherein the blade electrocaloric composite membrane (100) further comprises a one-to-many plug (150), and wherein a plurality of the electrocaloric leads (132) or a plurality of the sensor signal leads (134) connected to the one-to-many plug (150) are connected to the one-to-many plug (150).

5. Blade electro thermal compound membrane (100) according to claim 1, characterised in that the blade electro thermal compound membrane (100) further comprises a lightning protection layer (110), the lightning protection layer (110) being arranged on the underside of the insulation layer (120) and comprising a lightning protection body and a lightning protection lead for connecting the lightning protection body with a lightning protection system of the blade,

the lightning protection layer (110) is formed as an integral structure together with the insulation layer (120), the electrothermal layer (130) and the cover layer (140).

6. Blade electro-thermal compound membrane (100) according to claim 5, wherein the lightning protection layer (110) further comprises a ground lead for grounding the lightning protection body, the lightning protection body comprising a metal mesh or a metal sheet.

7. Blade of a wind park according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the blade comprises a blade electro thermal compound membrane (100) according to any of claims 1 to 6.

8. Blade of a wind park according to claim 7, wherein the blade (1) further comprises a substrate layer (14), the cover layer (140) of the blade electrocaloric composite membrane (100) being arranged on a blade outer skin (13) of the blade (1), the substrate layer (14) covering the blade electrocaloric composite membrane (100).

9. Wind park according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises a blade (1) of a wind park.

10. A method of manufacturing a blade for a wind park, characterized in that the method of manufacturing a blade (1) for a wind park comprises:

laying a surfacing mat (15);

laying a backing layer (14) on the surfacing mat;

laying a blade electrothermal composite film (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 on the substrate layer;

laying a blade body structural layer on the blade electrothermal composite film (100);

vacuum infusion and solidification;

and wiring the blade electrothermal composite film (100).