CN112922779A - Vibration reduction system for offshore wind turbine generator and assembling method thereof - Google Patents
Vibration reduction system for offshore wind turbine generator and assembling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0296—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor to prevent, counteract or reduce noise emissions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention provides a vibration reduction system for an offshore wind turbine and an assembling method thereof. The vibration reduction system comprises a damper, a mass water tank, a slide rail and a connecting plate II. And the sliding rail and the connecting plate II are arranged on a bottom plate of an engine room of the wind generating set. The damping system has multiple energy dissipation mechanisms. The quality water tank can reciprocate along the direction of the slide rail. In the sliding process of the middle sliding plate, the energy input into the system is absorbed and consumed by the damper through friction of the friction pair and metal phase change of the shape memory alloy, and the energy dissipation rate is effectively improved. The damper provides enough rigidity for the system, effectively reduces the horizontal vibration of the unit, reduces the motion amplitude of the mass water tank, and reduces the occupied space of the system in the engine room. The vibration damping system can be restored to the initial position under the action of the restoring force of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable, and a stiffness system and a damping system in the traditional TMD are combined into a whole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering vibration reduction, in particular to a vibration reduction system for an offshore wind turbine generator and an assembling method thereof.
Background
Compared with other traditional energy sources, the wind energy is increasingly paid attention to by the advantages of cleanness and reproducibility, and the offshore wind generating set is in a high-speed development stage along with continuous development and utilization of offshore wind energy resources. Meanwhile, the adverse effects brought by the vibration problem of the offshore wind turbine generator under the action of external loads such as wind waves, earthquakes and the like and in the working process on the service performance and the service life of the turbine generator are gradually exposed.
Effectively reduce the vibration of offshore wind power generation sets, is the problem that needs to be solved urgently in the development of offshore wind power technology. The vibration control method widely applied at present is to arrange a Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) in a wind turbine generator. The natural vibration frequency of the mass block in the TMD is adjusted to be close to the controlled vibration mode frequency of the wind turbine generator, the mass block and the wind turbine generator resonate, and therefore vibration energy of a main body structure of the wind turbine generator is absorbed, and the purpose of vibration reduction is achieved. However, the conventional TMD damping system has a relatively single energy consumption mechanism. In addition, as the size and specification of offshore wind turbines increase, a heavy mass is required to achieve a desired vibration damping effect if a conventional TMD system is used, and engineering feasibility is not available. Meanwhile, the displacement amplitude of the mass block in the traditional TMD system is large, and the limited installation space of the wind turbine generator cannot meet the requirements of the ideal quality and displacement amplitude of the mass block.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vibration reduction system for an offshore wind turbine generator system, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the aim of the invention is that the vibration reduction system for the offshore wind turbine generator system comprises a damper, a mass water tank, a slide rail and a connecting plate II. And the sliding rail and the connecting plate II are arranged on a bottom plate of an engine room of the wind generating set.
And a viscous liquid is filled in the inner cavity of the mass water tank. And a connecting plate I is arranged on the side wall of the quality water tank. The bottom of the quality water tank is provided with a roller. The quality water tank is arranged on the sliding rail through the idler wheel. The quality water tank can move along the axial direction of the slide rail.
The damper comprises 4 groups of wedge-shaped friction pairs, a middle sliding plate, a piston plate I, a piston plate II, a shape memory alloy gasket, a high-strength bolt, a horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable, a rectangular outer sleeve, an end plate I and an end plate II. The middle sliding plate is a rectangular plate as a whole. And two ends of the middle sliding plate are provided with an expanded connecting end. The expansion connecting end is provided with a hole for the fixed bolt to pass through.
Piston board I, piston board II, end plate I and end plate II are the rectangular plate. The size of the piston plate I and the size of the piston plate II are matched with the size of the inner cavity of the rectangular outer sleeve. The piston plate I, the piston plate II, the end plate I and the end plate II are all provided with holes for the middle sliding plate to pass through. And the plate bodies of the piston plate I, the piston plate II, the end plate I and the end plate II are also provided with anchoring holes for the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable to pass through.
The plate body of the middle sliding plate is sequentially sleeved with an end plate I, a piston plate II and an end plate II. And the middle sliding plate, the end plate I and the piston plate I surround two half-surrounded friction pair accommodating spaces. And the middle sliding plate, the piston plate II and the end plate II surround two half-surrounded friction pair accommodating spaces. And a wedge-shaped friction pair is respectively arranged in the 4 friction pair accommodating spaces. A plurality of horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cables are further arranged between the end plate I and the piston plate I. And two ends of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable are respectively anchored with the end plate I and the piston plate I. And a plurality of horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cables are arranged between the piston plate II and the end plate II. And two ends of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable are respectively anchored with the piston plate II and the end plate II.
The wedge-shaped friction pair comprises an outer wedge-shaped friction block and an inner wedge-shaped friction block. The inner side wedge-shaped friction block is fixedly connected with the middle sliding plate. The outer wedge friction block and the inner wedge friction block are meshed at a contact surface. Waist-shaped holes for high-strength bolts to penetrate through are formed in the middle sliding plate and the inner side wedge-shaped friction block. And a round hole for a high-strength bolt to pass through is formed in the wedge-shaped friction block on the outer side. And a bolt rod of the high-strength bolt penetrates through the wedge-shaped friction pair, the shape memory alloy washer and the middle sliding plate. And two ends of the high-strength bolt are fastened by nuts.
The rectangular outer sleeve is integrally a rectangular pipe. The 4 side panels of the rectangular outer sleeve are sequentially marked as a first panel, a second panel, a third panel and a fourth panel. 4 panels are assembled into a rectangular tube. And the first panel and the third panel are provided with outer wedge-shaped friction block accommodating gaps. The rectangular outer sleeve is shorter than the intermediate sliding plate. The middle sliding plate penetrates into the rectangular outer sleeve. The inner side wedge-shaped friction block is arranged in the inner cavity of the rectangular outer sleeve. The outer side wedge-shaped friction block is embedded into the outer side wedge-shaped friction block accommodating notch. The opening parts at the two ends of the rectangular outer sleeve are plugged by an end plate I and an end plate II.
The expansion connecting ends at the two ends of the damper are hinged to the connecting plate I and the connecting plate II through fixing bolts respectively.
Furthermore, the rectangular outer sleeve is welded with the end plate I and the end plate II.
Further, the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable and the shape memory alloy washer are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.
Further, the friction surface of the outer wedge-shaped friction block comprises a first quadrangular frustum section, a first straight section and a second quadrangular frustum section which are connected one by one. The bottom surfaces of the first quadrangular frustum pyramid section and the second quadrangular frustum pyramid section are right-angled trapezoids. The first quadrangular frustum section forms a first inclined friction surface and a first plane friction surface. The first straight section forms a second planar friction surface. The second pyramid segment forms a second inclined friction surface and a third planar friction surface.
The friction surface of the inner side wedge-shaped friction block comprises a triangular frustum section, a second straight section, a third rectangular frustum section and a third straight section which are connected one by one. The bottom surface of the triangular platform section is a right triangle. The bottom surface of the third quadrangular frustum pyramid section is a right trapezoid. The triangular frustum section forms a third inclined friction surface. The second straight section forms a fourth planar friction surface. The third four frustum segment forms a fifth planar friction surface and a fourth inclined friction surface. The third straight section forms a sixth planar friction surface. The first inclined friction surface, the second inclined friction surface, the third inclined friction surface and the fourth inclined friction surface have the same slope. The sixth planar friction surface is longer than the third planar friction surface.
Further, the assembling method of the damper includes the steps of:
1) and welding and fixing the piston plate I and the piston plate II to a preset position of the middle sliding plate.
2) And sleeving the end plate I and the end plate II on the middle sliding plate. And (3) penetrating two ends of the corresponding horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable through the anchoring holes of the piston plate I and the end plate I or the piston plate II and the end plate II and performing primary assembly.
3) And welding 4 inner wedge-shaped friction blocks to preset positions of the middle sliding plate. And abutting the contact surfaces of the outer wedge-shaped friction block and the inner wedge-shaped friction block. The outer side wedge-shaped friction block and the middle sliding plate are connected with the shape memory alloy washer through high-strength bolts.
4) And embedding the outer wedge-shaped friction block into the outer wedge-shaped friction block accommodating notch of the first panel or the third panel. And welding the 4 panels to complete the assembly of the rectangular outer sleeve.
5) And propping the end plate I and the end plate II against openings at two ends of the rectangular outer sleeve. And pre-tightening the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable to a preset value and then anchoring. And welding the end plate I, the end plate II and the rectangular outer sleeve.
6) And the two ends of the middle sliding plate are welded with the expanded connecting ends.
The invention also discloses an assembling method of the vibration damping system for the offshore wind turbine, which comprises the following steps:
1) and assembling the damper.
2) And a sliding rail and a connecting plate II are arranged at a preset position of the bottom plate of the engine room.
3) And rollers are fixed at the bottom of the quality water tank. And a connecting plate I is welded on the side wall of the quality water tank.
4) The roller is rolled into the groove of the slide rail.
5) And two ends of the damper are connected with the connecting plate I and the connecting plate II through fixing bolts, so that the assembly of the system is completed.
The technical effects of the invention are undoubted:
A. the wind turbine generator system can provide a larger variable stiffness and multiple energy consumption vibration reduction mechanism for the wind turbine generator system in a limited installation space of a wind turbine engine room. The horizontal vibration of the offshore wind turbine generated by the action of external loads such as wind waves, earthquakes and the like and the working process of the generator is effectively reduced, and the service life of the unit is prolonged;
B. when the horizontal vibration of the offshore wind turbine generator set is small, the damper provides enough rigidity for the system, namely, the force required by unit displacement of the damper is large, the horizontal vibration of the generator set is effectively controlled, and the motion amplitude of the mass water tank is reduced. When the horizontal vibration of the offshore wind turbine generator is large, the vibration amplitude of the mass water tank is increased, the axial force borne by the damper is increased, the shape memory alloy in the damper undergoes martensite phase change, the rigidity is obviously reduced, the self-vibration period of the vibration damping system is prolonged, a multiple energy consumption mechanism is provided for the wind turbine generator, and the vibration energy is effectively absorbed. The damper of the vibration reduction system provides enough rigidity for the system before and after changing the rigidity, and reduces the occupied space of the vibration reduction system in a cabin;
C. has multiple energy consumption mechanisms: firstly, viscous liquid is filled in the mass water tank to consume energy. In addition, the mass water tank can reciprocate along the direction of the guide rail, the mass water tank moves towards the opposite vibration direction of the cabin due to inertia, and the opposite force is transmitted to the cabin through the damper, so that the vibration is reduced. In addition, friction energy consumption and metal phase change energy consumption can be provided through a wedge-shaped friction pair and a horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable in the damper.
D. A horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable is installed in the damper, and based on the superelasticity performance of the shape memory alloy, the vibration reduction system can be restored to the initial position under the action of the restoring force of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable, so that a rigidity system and a damping system in the traditional TMD damper are combined into a whole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a damping system in an installed position;
FIG. 2 is an overall effect diagram of the damping system;
FIG. 3 is an overall effect diagram of a damper in the vibration damping system;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a damper in the damping system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the various components of the damper;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the components in welded connection with the intermediate slide plate;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the friction faces of the wedge-shaped friction pair;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the profile of a horizontal shape memory alloy cable;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a slide rail and a roller.
In the figure: the friction pair comprises a wedge-shaped friction pair 1, an outer wedge-shaped friction block 101, a first inclined friction surface 1011, a first plane friction surface 1012, a second plane friction surface 1013, a second inclined friction surface 1014, a third plane friction surface 1015, an inner wedge-shaped friction block 102, a third inclined friction surface 1021, a fourth plane friction surface 1022, a fifth plane friction surface 1023, a fourth inclined friction surface 1024, a sixth plane friction surface 1025, an intermediate sliding plate 2, a piston plate I3, a piston plate II 30, a shape memory alloy gasket 4, a high-strength bolt 5, a horizontal shape memory alloy cable 6, a rectangular outer sleeve 7, a first panel 701, a second panel 702, a third panel 703, a fourth panel 704, an end plate I8, an end plate II 80, an expansion connecting end 9, a mass water tank 10, a slide rail 11, a roller 12, a connecting plate I13, a connecting plate II 130 and a cabin bottom plate 15.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a vibration damping system for an offshore wind turbine, including a damper, a mass water tank 10, a slide rail 11, a connecting plate i 13, and a connecting plate ii 130. The slide rail 11 and the connecting plate II 130 are arranged on a cabin bottom plate 15 of the wind generating set.
The inner cavity of the mass water tank 10 is filled with a viscous liquid. And a connecting plate I13 is arranged on the side wall of the mass water tank 10. The bottom of the mass water tank 10 has rollers 12. The mass water tank 10 is arranged on a slide rail 11 by means of rollers 12. The mass water tank 10 can move axially along the slide rail 11.
Referring to fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the damper comprises 4 sets of wedge-shaped friction pairs 1, an intermediate sliding plate 2, a piston plate i 3, a piston plate ii 30, a shape memory alloy washer 4, a high-strength bolt 5, a horizontal shape memory alloy cable 6, a rectangular outer sleeve 7, an end plate i 8 and an end plate ii 80. The middle sliding plate 2 is a rectangular plate as a whole. The two ends of the middle sliding plate 2 are provided with an expansion connecting end 9. The expansion connecting end 9 is provided with a hole for the fixed bolt to pass through.
Piston board I3, piston board II 30, end plate I8 and II 80 of end plate are the rectangular plate. The size of the piston plate I3 and the size of the piston plate II 30 are matched with the size of the inner cavity of the rectangular outer sleeve 7. The piston plate I3, the piston plate II 30, the end plate I8 and the end plate II 80 are all provided with holes for the middle sliding plate 2 to pass through. And anchor holes for the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable 6 to penetrate through are further formed in the plate bodies of the piston plate I3, the piston plate II 30, the end plate I8 and the end plate II 80.
The plate body of the middle sliding plate 2 is sequentially sleeved with an end plate I8, a piston plate I3, a piston plate II 30 and an end plate II 80. Two semi-enclosed friction pair accommodating spaces are enclosed by the middle sliding plate 2, the end plate I8 and the piston plate I3. The middle sliding plate 2, the piston plate II 30 and the end plate II 80 enclose two semi-enclosed friction pair accommodating spaces. A wedge-shaped friction pair 1 is arranged in each of the 4 friction pair accommodating spaces. Still arranged many horizontal shape memory alloy cables 6 between end plate I8 and the piston plate I3. Two ends of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable 6 are respectively anchored with the end plate I8 and the piston plate I3. And a plurality of horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cables 6 are also arranged between the piston plate II 30 and the end plate II 80. And two ends of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable 6 are respectively anchored with the piston plate II 30 and the end plate II 80. The horizontal shape memory alloy cable profile is shown in fig. 8.
The wedge friction pair 1 comprises an outer wedge friction block 101 and an inner wedge friction block 102. The inner wedge friction block 102 is fixedly connected to the intermediate sliding plate 2. The outer wedge pad 101 and the inner wedge pad 102 are engaged at the contact surface. Waist-shaped holes for the high-strength bolts 5 to pass through are arranged on the middle sliding plate 2 and the inner wedge-shaped friction blocks 102. And a round hole for the high-strength bolt 5 to pass through is formed in the outer wedge-shaped friction block 101. The bolt rod of the high-strength bolt 5 penetrates through the wedge-shaped friction pair 1, the shape memory alloy washer 4 and the middle sliding plate 2. And two ends of the high-strength bolt 5 are fastened by nuts.
The rectangular outer sleeve 7 is a rectangular pipe as a whole. The 4-sided panel of the rectangular outer sleeve 7 is sequentially marked as a first panel 701, a second panel 702, a third panel 703 and a fourth panel 704. 4 panels are assembled into a rectangular tube. The first panel 701 and the third panel 703 are provided with outer wedge-shaped friction block accommodating gaps. Said rectangular outer sleeve 7 is shorter than the intermediate sliding plate 2. The length difference is determined according to the horizontal vibration amplitude of the offshore wind generating set. The intermediate sliding plate 2 penetrates into a rectangular outer sleeve 7. The inner wedge-shaped friction block 102 is arranged in the inner cavity of the rectangular outer sleeve 7. The outer wedge shaped friction block 101 is embedded in the outer wedge shaped friction block receiving gap. The outer wedge-shaped friction block accommodating notch restrains the displacement of the outer wedge-shaped friction block 101, and only the degree of freedom perpendicular to the plate surface direction of the first panel 701 is reserved. The openings at the two ends of the rectangular outer sleeve 7 are sealed by an end plate I8 and an end plate II 80. And the rectangular outer sleeve 7 is welded with an end plate I8 and an end plate II 80.
The expansion connecting ends 9 at the two ends of the damper are hinged with the connecting plate I13 and the connecting plate II 130 through fixing bolts respectively, and provide axial force for the system.
The present embodiment has multiple energy consumption mechanisms: the filling of the viscous liquid inside the mass water tank 10 consumes energy, and can absorb more energy than a general mass. The mass water tank 10 can reciprocate along the slide rail 11, when the cabin vibrates horizontally, the mass water tank 10 moves to the opposite vibration direction of the cabin due to inertia, and transmits the opposite force to the cabin through the damper, so as to control the vibration. In the sliding process of the middle sliding plate 2, the energy input into the system is absorbed and consumed by the damper through friction of the friction pair and metal phase change of the shape memory alloy, and the energy dissipation rate is effectively improved. The damper provides sufficient rigidity for the system, effectively reduces the horizontal vibration of the unit, reduces the motion amplitude of the mass water tank 10, and reduces the occupied space of the system in the engine room. The vibration damping system can be restored to the initial position under the action of the restoring force of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable 6, and a stiffness system and a damping system in the traditional TMD damper are combined into a whole.
It should be noted that the multiple energy consumption vibration damping system of the embodiment is mainly used for damping the offshore wind turbine, and can also be used in the construction engineering.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 7, the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, wherein the friction surface of the outer wedge friction block 101 includes a first quadrangular frustum section, a first straight section and a second quadrangular frustum section which are connected one by one. The bottom surfaces of the first quadrangular frustum pyramid section and the second quadrangular frustum pyramid section are right-angled trapezoids. The first four pyramid segments form a first inclined friction surface 1011 and a first planar friction surface 1012. The first straight section forms a second planar friction surface 1013. The second four pyramid segment forms a second inclined friction surface 1014 and a third planar friction surface 1015.
The friction surface of the inner wedge-shaped friction block 102 comprises a triangular frustum section, a second straight section, a third rectangular frustum section and a third straight section which are connected one by one. The bottom surface of the triangular platform section is a right triangle. The bottom surface of the third quadrangular frustum pyramid section is a right trapezoid. The triangular frustum section forms a third slanted friction surface 1021. The second straight section forms a fourth planar friction surface 1022. The third four frustum segments form a fifth planar friction surface 1023 and a fourth inclined friction surface 1024. The third straight section forms a sixth planar friction surface 1025. The first inclined friction surface 1011, the second inclined friction surface 1014, the third inclined friction surface 1021 and the fourth inclined friction surface 1024 have the same slope. The sixth planar friction surface 1025 is longer than the third planar friction surface 1015 to provide firm translational support.
When the offshore wind turbine nacelle vibrates horizontally slightly, the mass water tank 10 tends to vibrate slightly, and the damper connected to the mass water tank 10 receives a small axial force, which is provided by the static friction force of the friction pair 1. Along with the increase of the horizontal vibration amplitude of the cabin, the static friction force of the damper is overcome, the middle sliding plate 2 of the damper drives the inner wedge-shaped friction block 102 to move horizontally, the displacement of the outer wedge-shaped friction block 101 is limited by the outer sleeve 7, and only the degree of freedom in the direction vertical to the plate surface of the first panel 701 is reserved. When the first inclined friction surface 1011, the third inclined friction surface 1021, the second inclined friction surface 1014 and the fourth inclined friction surface 1024 slide upwards along the inclined surfaces, the outer wedge-shaped friction block 101 displaces along the direction vertical to the plate surface of the first panel 701 along with the horizontal movement of the inner wedge-shaped friction block 102, the shape memory alloy gasket 4 is compressed, the high-strength bolt 5 stretches under tension, the pressure of the high-strength bolt 5 on the friction pair 1 is increased, the axial rigidity provided by the friction pair 1 is kept at a high value, and the axial force provided by the damper is increased along with the increase of the displacement. When the first plane friction surface 1012, the fourth plane friction surface 1022, the second plane friction surface 1013, the fifth plane friction surface 1023 and the third plane friction surface 1015, the sixth plane friction surface 1025 slide relatively, the pressure applied by the high-strength bolt 5 to the friction pair 1 is kept constant, and the friction pair provides constant dynamic friction force. No matter which friction surface the friction pair 1 slides along, the friction pair has a friction energy consumption mechanism. When the horizontal vibration amplitude of the cabin is further increased, the axial force borne by the damper is increased, the first inclined friction surface 1011 and the third inclined friction surface 1021 generate martensite phase transformation along the shape memory alloy gasket 4 of the friction pair 1 which slides upwards relatively along the friction surfaces, the metal phase transformation energy consumption is triggered, the axial rigidity provided by the friction pair is obviously reduced, the self-vibration period of the vibration reduction system is prolonged, a multiple energy consumption mechanism is provided for the wind turbine generator, and the vibration energy is effectively absorbed.
When the middle sliding plate 2, the piston plate I3, the piston plate II 30 and the inner side wedge-shaped friction block 102 move leftwards relative to the outer sleeve 7, the piston plate II 30 is far away from the end plate II 80, and the right horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable 6 is stretched in a tensile mode to provide rigidity for the damper. Meanwhile, the inner wedge-shaped friction block 102 slides leftwards relative to the outer wedge-shaped friction block 101, and the right friction pair 1 slides relatively along the first inclined friction surface 1011 and the second inclined friction surface 1021, so that axial force which is increased along with displacement is provided for the damper. The left friction pair 1 slides relatively along the first 1012 and fourth 1022, second 1013 and fifth 1023 and third 1015 and sixth 1025 planar friction surfaces to provide constant kinetic friction. In the sliding process of the intermediate sliding plate 2, the energy input into the system is absorbed and consumed by the damper through the friction of a friction pair and the metal phase change of the shape memory alloy.
Example 3:
the main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, wherein the horizontal shape memory alloy cable 6 and the shape memory alloy washer 4 are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. The nickel titanium shape memory alloy has super elastic properties. When loading, before the alloy stress reaches the phase change stress, the material is in an austenite state, generates elastic deformation and has high rigidity. When the stress of the alloy reaches the critical stress, the shape memory alloy undergoes martensite phase transformation, the rigidity is rapidly attenuated, and the alloy enters a 'yield' stage equivalent to steel. When the alloy stress reaches the martensite normal phase transformation finishing stress, the alloy is completely transformed from austenite to martensite. After unloading, the alloy has reverse phase transformation from martensite to austenite, when the load is zero, the alloy only generates little residual deformation, has good superelasticity performance, and simultaneously the shape memory alloy generates metal phase transformation energy consumption in the loading-unloading process, and can effectively absorb and dissipate the energy of a system.
Example 4:
the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, wherein the assembling method of the damper includes the following steps:
1) the piston plate i 3 and the piston plate ii 30 are welded and fixed to the intermediate sliding plate 2 at predetermined positions.
2) The end plate I8 and the end plate II 80 are sleeved on the middle sliding plate 2. And (3) penetrating the two ends of the corresponding horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable 6 through the anchoring holes of the piston plate I3 and the end plate I8 or the piston plate II 30 and the end plate II 80 and performing primary assembly.
3) The 4-piece inside wedge-shaped friction blocks 102 are welded to the intermediate sliding plate 2 at preset positions. The contact surfaces of the outer wedge pad 101 and the inner wedge pad 102 are pressed against each other. The outer wedge-shaped friction blocks 101 are connected to the intermediate slide plate 2 by means of high-strength bolts 5.
4) The outer wedge shaped friction block 101 is inserted into the outer wedge shaped friction block receiving indentation of the first panel 701 or the third panel 703. And welding the 4 panels to complete the assembly of the rectangular outer sleeve 7.
5) The end plate I8 and the end plate II 80 are propped against the openings at the two ends of the rectangular outer sleeve 7. The horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable 6 is pre-tightened to a preset value and then anchored. And welding the end plate I8, the end plate II 80 and the rectangular outer sleeve 7.
6) And the two ends of the middle sliding plate 2 are welded with the expanded connecting ends 9.
Example 5:
the present embodiment provides a method of assembling a vibration damping system for an offshore wind turbine according to embodiment 1, comprising the steps of:
1) and assembling the damper.
2) The slide rail 11 and the connecting plate II 130 are arranged at preset positions of the cabin bottom plate 15.
3) A roller 12 is fixed to the bottom of the mass water tank 10. And a connecting plate I13 is welded on the side wall of the mass water tank 10.
4) Referring to fig. 9, the roller 12 is rolled into the groove of the slide rail 11. The slide rail 11 may limit the vertical displacement of the roller 12.
5) And two ends of the damper are connected with the connecting plate I13 and the connecting plate II 130 through fixing bolts, so that the assembly of the system is completed.
Claims (6)
1. A vibration damping system for an offshore wind turbine, characterized by: the damper comprises a damper, a mass water tank (10), a slide rail (11) and a connecting plate II (130); the sliding rail (11) and the connecting plate II (130) are arranged on a cabin bottom plate (15) of the wind generating set;
the inner cavity of the mass water tank (10) is filled with viscous liquid; the side wall of the quality water tank (10) is provided with the connecting plate I (13); the bottom of the quality water tank (10) is provided with a roller (12); the mass water tank (10) is arranged on the sliding rail (11) through a roller (12); the mass water tank (10) can axially move along the slide rail (11);
the damper comprises 4 groups of wedge-shaped friction pairs (1), a middle sliding plate (2), a piston plate I (3), a piston plate II (30), a shape memory alloy gasket (4), a high-strength bolt (5), a horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable (6), a rectangular outer sleeve (7), an end plate I (8) and an end plate II (80); the middle sliding plate (2) is a rectangular plate as a whole; the two ends of the middle sliding plate (2) are provided with an expansion connecting end (9); the expansion connecting end (9) is provided with a hole for a fixing bolt to pass through;
the piston plate I (3), the piston plate II (30), the end plate I (8) and the end plate II (80) are all rectangular plates; the size of the piston plate I (3) and the size of the piston plate II (30) are matched with the size of the inner cavity of the rectangular outer sleeve (7). Holes for the middle sliding plate (2) to pass through are formed in the plate bodies of the piston plate I (3), the piston plate II (30), the end plate I (8) and the end plate II (80); the plate bodies of the piston plate I (3), the piston plate II (30), the end plate I (8) and the end plate II (80) are also provided with anchoring holes for the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cables (6) to pass through;
the plate body of the middle sliding plate (2) is sequentially sleeved with an end plate I (8), a piston plate I (3), a piston plate II (30) and an end plate II (80); the middle sliding plate (2), the end plate I (8) and the piston plate I (3) surround two half-surrounded friction pair accommodating spaces; the middle sliding plate (2), the piston plate II (30) and the end plate II (80) surround two semi-surrounded friction pair accommodating spaces; a wedge-shaped friction pair (1) is respectively arranged in the 4 friction pair accommodating spaces; a plurality of horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cables (6) are arranged between the end plate I (8) and the piston plate I (3); two ends of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable (6) are respectively anchored with the end plate I (8) and the piston plate I (3); a plurality of horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cables (6) are arranged between the piston plate II (30) and the end plate II (80); two ends of the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable (6) are respectively anchored with the piston plate II (30) and the end plate II (80);
the wedge-shaped friction pair (1) comprises an outer wedge-shaped friction block (101) and an inner wedge-shaped friction block (102); the inner side wedge-shaped friction block (102) is fixedly connected with the middle sliding plate (2); the outer wedge-shaped friction block (101) and the inner wedge-shaped friction block (102) are meshed at a contact surface; waist-shaped holes through which high-strength bolts (5) penetrate are formed in the middle sliding plate (2) and the inner side wedge-shaped friction block (102); round holes through which high-strength bolts (5) penetrate are formed in the outer side wedge-shaped friction blocks (101); the bolt rod of the high-strength bolt (5) penetrates through the wedge-shaped friction pair (1), the shape memory alloy washer (4) and the middle sliding plate (2); two ends of the high-strength bolt (5) are fastened by nuts;
the rectangular outer sleeve (7) is a rectangular pipe as a whole; the 4-side panel of the rectangular outer sleeve (7) is sequentially marked as a first panel (701), a second panel (702), a third panel (703) and a fourth panel (704); 4 panels are assembled into a rectangular pipe; the first panel (701) and the third panel (703) are provided with outer wedge-shaped friction block accommodating gaps; the rectangular outer sleeve (7) is shorter than the middle sliding plate (2); the middle sliding plate (2) penetrates into the rectangular outer sleeve (7); the inner side wedge-shaped friction block (102) is arranged in the inner cavity of the rectangular outer sleeve (7); the outer side wedge-shaped friction block (101) is embedded into the outer side wedge-shaped friction block accommodating notch; openings at two ends of the rectangular outer sleeve (7) are plugged by an end plate I (8) and an end plate II (80);
the expansion connecting ends (9) at the two ends of the damper are hinged to the connecting plate I (13) and the connecting plate II (130) through fixing bolts respectively.
2. A vibration damping system for an offshore wind energy plant according to claim 1, characterised in that: and the rectangular outer sleeve (7) is welded with the end plate I (8) and the end plate II (80).
3. Damping system for offshore wind energy plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable (6) and the shape memory alloy washer (4) are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.
4. A vibration damping system for an offshore wind energy plant according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the friction surface of the outer wedge-shaped friction block (101) comprises a first quadrangular frustum section, a first straight section and a second quadrangular frustum section which are connected one by one; the bottom surfaces of the first quadrangular frustum pyramid section and the second quadrangular frustum pyramid section are right-angled trapezoids; the first four-pyramid segment forms a first inclined friction surface (1011) and a first planar friction surface (1012); the first straight section forms a second planar friction surface (1013); the second four pyramid segment forming a second inclined friction surface (1014) and a third planar friction surface (1015);
the friction surface of the inner side wedge-shaped friction block (102) comprises a triangular frustum section, a second straight section, a third rectangular frustum section and a third straight section which are connected one by one; the bottom surface of the triangular platform section is a right-angled triangle; the bottom surface of the third quadrangular frustum pyramid section is a right trapezoid; the triangular platform section forms a third inclined friction surface (1021); said second straight section forming a fourth planar friction surface (1022); said third four frustum segment forming a fifth planar friction surface (1023) and a fourth inclined friction surface (1024); the third straight section forming a sixth planar friction surface (1025); the first inclined friction surface (1011), the second inclined friction surface (1014), the third inclined friction surface (1021) and the fourth inclined friction surface (1024) have the same slope; the sixth planar friction surface (1025) is longer than the third planar friction surface (1015).
5. A vibration damping system for an offshore wind energy plant according to claim 1, characterised in that the method of assembling the damper comprises the steps of:
1) welding and fixing the piston plate I (3) and the piston plate II (30) to a preset position of the middle sliding plate (2);
2) sleeving an end plate I (8) and an end plate II (80) on the middle sliding plate (2); two ends of a corresponding horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable (6) penetrate through anchoring holes of a piston plate I (3) and an end plate I (8) or a piston plate II (30) and an end plate II (80) and are preliminarily assembled;
3) welding 4 inner wedge-shaped friction blocks (102) to preset positions of the middle sliding plate (2); abutting the contact surface of the outer wedge-shaped friction block (101) and the inner wedge-shaped friction block (102); the outer side wedge-shaped friction block (101) and the middle sliding plate (2) are connected with the shape memory alloy washer (4) through a high-strength bolt (5);
4) embedding the outer wedge-shaped friction block (101) into the outer wedge-shaped friction block accommodating notch of the first panel (701) or the third panel (703); welding the 4 panels to complete the assembly of the rectangular outer sleeve (7);
5) the end plate I (8) and the end plate II (80) are propped against openings at two ends of the rectangular outer sleeve (7); pre-tightening the horizontal shape memory alloy inhaul cable (6) to a preset value and then anchoring; welding an end plate I (8), an end plate II (80) and a rectangular outer sleeve (7);
6) and two ends of the middle sliding plate (2) are welded with an expanded connecting end (9).
6. A method of assembling a vibration damping system for an offshore wind energy plant according to claim 1, characterised by the steps of:
1) assembling a damper;
2) a slide rail (11) and a connecting plate II (130) are arranged at a preset position of the cabin bottom plate (15);
3) a roller (12) is fixed at the bottom of the quality water tank (10); a connecting plate I (13) is welded on the side wall of the quality water tank (10);
4) rolling the roller (12) into the groove of the slide rail (11);
5) and two ends of the damper are connected with the connecting plate I (13) and the connecting plate II (130) through fixing bolts, so that the assembly of the system is completed.
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