CN112922654A - Novel outer expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod and use method thereof - Google Patents
Novel outer expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112922654A CN112922654A CN202110344191.3A CN202110344191A CN112922654A CN 112922654 A CN112922654 A CN 112922654A CN 202110344191 A CN202110344191 A CN 202110344191A CN 112922654 A CN112922654 A CN 112922654A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- anchor rod
- ring
- constant
- ring body
- resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a novel outer expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod and a use method thereof, wherein the novel outer expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body and a tray, a conical nut is connected to the anchor rod body, and the conical nut is in force transmission connection with the tray along the axial direction through an outer expansion elastic ring. The cone nut and the outward expansion type elastic ring are connected together through the lantern ring, the cone nut and the outward expansion type elastic ring are ensured to be coaxial, the stress effect is good, and the unbalance loading problem is solved; after the anchor rod is stressed to reach an initial pressure point, under the action of dynamic load, the tray pushes the outward-expanding elastic ring to move towards the conical nut, the conical nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform is in contact with the second ring body of the outward-expanding elastic ring, and under the action of the extrusion and expansion force of the conical nut, the outward-expanding elastic ring and the conical nut keep constant friction resistance; under the action of constant force, the cone nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform, the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward expansion type elastic ring are dislocated to replace the deformation of the anchor rod body and absorb the release energy of the outward expansion of the surrounding rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway anchoring, in particular to a novel outward-expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod and a using method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with gradual depletion of coal mine resources, coal mining advances towards complex geological conditions and large burial depth, and roadway support in the current situation faces two major problems: instantaneous fracture of the anchor rod under the condition of dynamic pressure and tensile fracture of the high-strength anchor rod under the condition of soft rock.
(1) When the deep tunnel is impacted, vibrated or strong energy is released instantly, the self energy absorption effect of the high-strength anchor rod body is poor, so that the phenomenon of instant breakage of the anchor rod is frequently caused, the broken anchor rod not only brings safety threat to personnel equipment, but also the efficiency of the broken protective body is rapidly reduced to induce the whole tunnel to deform, and under the condition, the investment cost of anchor rod support is high, and the safety can not be effectively ensured;
(2) the soft rock tunnel usually adopts the high-strength anchor rod to replace the ordinary-strength anchor rod to control the tunnel deformation, the surrounding rock deformation control effect in the early stage of supporting is better, as the soft rock has the creep characteristic, the tunnel deformation slowly occurs along with the passage of time, the elongation of the high-strength anchor rod is lower, a large amount of energy is stored while the surrounding rock deformation is controlled, as the traditional high-strength anchor rod lacks the active high-position energy release, the anchor rod is stretched and broken after the deformation to a certain degree, meanwhile, the same section of the soft rock tunnel has the conditions of stress and unequal deformation, and the local anchor rod breakage phenomenon often occurs.
The stock breaks in the twinkling of an eye under the dynamic pressure condition and the tensile rupture phenomenon of energy storage in soft rock support is very common in the colliery, lets the pressure component for solving this type of problem increase in the stock, and lets in the actual work in-process and press the component to have more problem: in the construction process, yielding initial deformation is large under the action of dynamic load of a drilling machine, and the initial support efficiency of the anchor rod is influenced; the yielding pipe is increased to reduce the anchor bolt supporting efficiency on the contrary; the crushing phenomenon exists after the yielding component is stressed suddenly due to dynamic pressure instant energy release or excessive soft rock surrounding rock expansion force, and the stress of the anchor rod is reduced rapidly. Through on-site use verification, the traditional yielding component is difficult to solve the problems of instantaneous anchor rod breakage under the condition of dynamic pressure and energy storage stretching breakage in soft rock support. Therefore, the development of a novel energy-absorbing anchor rod is very significant for dynamic pressure and soft rock roadway support from the aspects of safety and economy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel external expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod, which solves the problem that the anchor rod is broken instantly when strong mine pressure and rock burst occur; the method solves the related technical problems that the roadway surrounding rock creeps, becomes large and deforms, the anchor rod support body stores a large amount of energy, the anchor rod is stretched and broken due to the fact that high-strength anchor rods are adopted, the extension is low, pressure and energy can not be effectively relieved, meanwhile, the stress of the anchor rods on the same section of the roadway is not uniform, the support system is partially stretched and broken under the uncoupled condition, and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and provides a novel external expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod which comprises an anchor rod body and a tray, wherein the anchor rod body is connected with a conical nut positioned on the outer side of the tray through threads, and the conical nut is in force transmission connection with the tray along the axial direction through an external expansion elastic ring.
This scheme passes power through setting up the formula of rising elasticity ring outward, and when the country rock rises outward and causes the stock body of rod to be pulled, the energy-absorbing is realized to the deformation that rises outward that utilizes the formula of rising elasticity ring outward, avoids the stock fracture, and the formula of rising elasticity ring outward passes power along the stock body of rod axial, avoids appearing the unbalance loading effect.
Preferably, the side surface of one end, facing the tray, of the conical nut is a conical inclined surface, and the outer diameter of one end, facing the tray, of the conical inclined surface is smaller than that of the other end of the conical inclined surface; the formula of rising outward elasticity ring includes first ring body and the second ring body that sets gradually along the axial, the inside wall of second ring body be with the support inclined plane of toper inclined plane adaptation, first ring body lie in the second ring body towards one side of tray, the lateral wall of first ring body is the toper, and the internal diameter of first ring body towards tray one end is greater than the internal diameter of the first ring body other end, and the external diameter of toper inclined plane major diameter end is greater than the internal diameter of first ring body major diameter end. According to the optimization scheme, the conical inclined plane is matched with the supporting inclined plane, so that the rapid resistance increase of the anchor rod under small displacement can be realized, the pretightening force is conveniently applied, and the influence on the primary supporting efficiency of the anchor rod is avoided; the outer diameter of the large-diameter end of the conical inclined plane is larger than the inner diameter of the large-diameter end of the first ring body, the first ring body expands and deforms outwards when the external expansion type elastic ring and the conical nut relatively move to the position where the large-diameter end of the conical inclined plane is opposite to the small-diameter end of the supporting inclined plane, friction movement between the conical nut and the external expansion type elastic ring is achieved, namely after the anchor rod is stressed to an initial yielding point, the large-diameter end of the conical inclined plane is in contact with the inner wall of the first ring body of the external expansion type elastic ring, constant friction resistance is kept, the large-diameter end of the conical inclined plane of the conical nut and the first ring body of the external expansion type elastic ring deform in a displacement mode under the constant force effect, therefore, a certain deformation amount of the anchor rod body is replaced, release energy of surrounding rock external expansion is absorbed, anchor rod supporting efficiency is guaranteed.
As optimization, the one end that the first ring body was kept away from to the second ring body sets firmly the third ring body of keeping away from the tray extension, be equipped with the constant resistance butt joint platform with the hole adaptation of third ring body on the lateral wall of conical nut. According to the optimized scheme, the constant-resistance butt joint platform and the third ring body are arranged, on one hand, the constant-resistance butt joint platform can extend into the third ring body, the conical nut and the outward-expanding elastic ring are further ensured to be coaxial, the stress effect is good, and the unbalance loading problem is solved; on the other hand, after the anchor rod is stressed to reach the initial pressure point, the contact area between the conical nut and the inner wall of the first ring body of the outward expansion type elastic ring is increased, the friction force is improved, and therefore the energy absorption effect is improved.
Preferably, the first ring, the second ring and the third ring are a single piece. According to the optimization scheme, the first ring body, the second ring body and the third ring body are arranged to be an integral body, so that deformation of each part can be controlled and calculated more easily.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the second ring body varies in such a manner that the wall thickness increases progressively from the end connected to the third ring body in the axial direction and then decreases progressively in the axial direction until the wall thickness coincides with the wall thickness of the first ring body. After the conical nut is contacted with the outward-expanding elastic ring, the axial stress and the radial stress are increased along with the gradual increase of the stress of the anchor rod, and the axial downward component force is gradually changed to the radial force along with the increase of the included angle between the conical inclined plane and the supporting inclined plane, so that the phenomenon of 'crushing' of the outward-expanding yielding ring caused by the sudden increase of the axial force is effectively prevented, the problem of plastic damage of the radial force to the outward-expanding elastic ring is solved by increasing the thickness, and the stability and the transition of the holding force are kept.
And optimally, the constant-resistance butt joint platform surface is in arc transition connection with the conical inclined surface, the arc surface of the arc is in contact with the supporting inclined surface, and the minimum outer diameter of the arc surface is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the second ring body. The optimized scheme adopts the contact of the cambered surface and the inclined surface, and in the initial stress stage of the anchor rod, because the conical nut arc surface is connected with the support inclined surface of the outward expansion type elastic ring, the contact angle is gradually increased along with the displacement reduction, the rapid increase of the stress of the small-displacement anchor rod is realized, the small deformation in the initial stage is smaller than the elastic deformation of the anchor rod, the initial support efficiency of the anchor rod is avoided to be reduced, and meanwhile, the problem of the instantaneous plastic deformation of the outward expansion type elastic ring under the dynamic load of the drilling machine due to.
Preferably, the anchor rod body is further sleeved with a spherical washer matched with the tray, and an antifriction gasket positioned between the spherical washer and the outward expansion type elastic ring. This optimization scheme is through setting up spherical packing ring, and the alignment of the formula elastic ring that rises outward when being convenient for install makes its axial unanimous with the stock body of rod, through setting up antifriction gasket, has reduced the frictional resistance when installing.
Preferably, the anchor rod body is further sleeved with a spacer which is located between the outward expansion type elastic ring and the antifriction gasket, and the spacer is provided with an annular groove matched with one end, facing the tray, of the outward expansion type elastic ring. According to the optimized scheme, the annular groove is formed in the spacer, the radially limiting is carried out on one end, facing the tray, of the outward expansion type elastic ring, and the reliability of outward expansion energy absorption is guaranteed.
Preferably, the conical nut and the outward expansion type elastic ring are coaxially arranged. The arrangement of the optimized scheme ensures that the anchor bolt support is not unbalanced loaded after being stressed and keeps providing constant resistance.
This scheme still provides a novel application method of friction formula constant resistance energy-absorbing stock that rises outward, including following aspect:
1. when the anchor rod is installed, the anchor rod body is fixed in the anchoring hole, and a tray, a spherical washer, an antifriction gasket, an annular groove iron gasket, an outward expansion type elastic ring and a conical nut are sequentially installed on the anchor rod body;
2. the conical nut is rotated to be jacked to the external expansion type elastic ring, and is coaxial with the external expansion type elastic ring, so that the stress effect is good, and the unbalance loading problem is avoided;
3. the arc surface on the conical nut is in contact with the supporting inclined surface of the second ring body, the contact angle is gradually increased along with the displacement reduction, the rapid resistance increase of the anchor rod under small displacement is realized before the initial yield force of the anchor rod body is reached, the pre-tightening force is conveniently applied, and the primary support efficiency of the anchor rod cannot be reduced;
4. the length of the inclined plane is designed according to the initial yield force of the anchor rod body and the elastic modulus of the rod body material, and the initial energy absorption yielding point is accurately controlled;
5. after the anchor rod is stressed to reach an initial pressure point, under the action of dynamic load, the tray pushes the outward-expanding elastic ring to move towards the conical nut, the conical nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform is in contact with the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward-expanding elastic ring, and under the action of extrusion and expansion of the conical nut, the outward-expanding elastic ring and the conical nut keep constant friction resistance; under the action of constant force, the cone nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform, the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward-expansion elastic ring are dislocated to replace the deformation of a part of the rod body of the anchor rod, so that the release energy of the outward expansion of the surrounding rock is absorbed, the support efficiency of the anchor rod is ensured, and the high-strength anchor rod is effectively prevented from being broken by stretching;
6. when instant dynamic load occurs, the conical nut and the outward-expanding elastic ring instantly generate friction displacement, so that kinetic energy is instantly absorbed while the supporting efficiency of the anchor rod is ensured, and the anchor rod body is prevented from being broken under the instant dynamic pressure condition;
7. the constant friction resistance deformation between the conical nut and the outward expansion type elastic ring is utilized to absorb the outward expansion release energy and the instant kinetic energy of the surrounding rock, the larger the axial length of the diameter-changing equal-thickness part of the outward expansion type elastic ring is, the larger the friction deformation between the outward expansion type elastic ring and the conical nut is, the larger the absorbed release energy is.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: an outward-expansion friction constant-resistance structure is adopted to replace a traditional yielding component, the conical nut and the outward-expansion elastic ring are connected together through a lantern ring, the conical nut and the outward-expansion elastic ring are ensured to be coaxial, the stress effect is good, and the unbalance loading problem is solved; the nut conical inclined plane is connected with the support inclined plane of the outer expansion type elastic ring with unequal resistance increase, so that the rapid resistance increase of the anchor rod under small displacement can be realized, the pretightening force is convenient to apply, and the primary support efficiency of the anchor rod is not influenced; the initial energy absorption pressure point can be accurately controlled through the design of the length of the inclined plane of the precise resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring; after the anchor rod is stressed to an initial yielding point, the tray pushes the outward expansion type elastic ring to move towards the conical nut under the action of dynamic load after the anchor rod is stressed to the initial yielding point, the conical nut constant resistance butt joint platform is in contact with the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward expansion type elastic ring, and the outward expansion type elastic ring and the conical nut keep constant friction resistance under the action of the extruding and expanding force of the conical nut; under the action of constant force, the cone nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform, the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward-expansion elastic ring are dislocated to replace the deformation of a part of the rod body of the anchor rod, so that the release energy of the outward expansion of the surrounding rock is absorbed, the support efficiency of the anchor rod is ensured, and the high-strength anchor rod is effectively prevented from being broken by stretching; meanwhile, when instant dynamic load occurs, the conical nut and the outward-expanding elastic ring instantly generate friction displacement, so that the anchor rod supporting efficiency is ensured, kinetic energy is absorbed instantly, the anchor rod body is prevented from being broken under the condition of instant dynamic load, and the comprehensive cost of roadway supporting is reduced while the roadway supporting safety is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cone nut according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the cone nut of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an expanding elastic ring structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the expanding elastomeric ring of the present invention;
shown in the figure:
1. the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, 2, a tray, 3, a spherical washer, 4, an outward expansion type elastic ring, 5, a conical nut, 6, a spacer, 7, an anti-friction gasket, 8, a damping sheet, 9, a soft gasket, 10, a flange platform, 11, a constant-resistance butt joint platform, 12, a conical inclined plane, 13, a third ring body, 14, a second ring body, 15 and a first ring body.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a novel outer friction formula constant resistance energy-absorbing stock that rises, including the stock body of rod 1 and tray 2, the tray bearing capacity is greater than or equal to stock breaking force, there is conical nut 5 that is located the tray outside through threaded connection on the stock body of rod 1, and conical nut 5 passes through outer formula of rising elastic ring 4 and tray along axial biography power connection, and conical nut and the coaxial setting of outer formula of rising elastic ring ensure that the stock is strutted and is not loaded partially behind the atress, keep providing constant resistance, still are equipped with damping fin 8 and soft gasket 9 between conical nut and the stock body of rod to play locking effect.
The one end side that conical nut faced the tray is toper inclined plane 12, and the external diameter of toper inclined plane towards tray one end is less than the external diameter of the other end, is equipped with on conical nut's the lateral wall with the constant resistance butt-joint platform 11 of the hole adaptation of the third ring body of formula of rising elasticity ring outward, constant resistance butt-joint platform 11 extends along keeping away from the tray direction from the big footpath end on toper inclined plane, and the terminal surface that constant resistance butt-joint platform 11 kept away from tray one end forms flange platform 10.
The external expansion type elastic ring comprises a first ring body 15, a second ring body 14 and a third ring body 13 which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction, the first ring body is positioned on one side of the second ring body facing the tray, the third ring body 13 extends along the direction of keeping away from the tray from one end of the second ring body, the first ring body, the second ring body and the third ring body are integrated, and the maximum external diameter of the external expansion type elastic ring is smaller than or equal to 58 mm.
The first ring body 15 is a reducing equal-thickness constant-resistance ring, the side wall of the first ring body is conical, the inner diameter of one end, facing the tray, of the first ring body is larger than the inner diameter of the other end of the first ring body, the pipe wall thicknesses of the reducing equal-thickness constant-resistance ring are equal, the pipe wall thicknesses of the reducing equal-thickness constant-resistance ring are inclined and deformed outwards along a certain inclination angle, the inclination angle range is 3-5 degrees, the longer the reducing equal-thickness constant-resistance ring is, the larger the absorbed release energy is, and the length of the reducing equal-thickness constant-resistance. After the initial yield point of the anchor rod body is reached, the constant thickness mainly provides stable friction resistance, the diameter-variable constant-thickness resistance ring has 3-5 degrees with the axial direction, the problem of accumulation of force generated by plastic deformation of the diameter-variable constant-thickness resistance ring material in friction is mainly solved, and the constant friction resistance is kept.
The second ring body 14 is a resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring, the inner side wall of the second ring body is a supporting inclined surface matched with the conical inclined surface, the wall thickness of the second ring body is changed from one end connected with the third ring body to increase in an axial direction and then decrease in the axial direction until the wall thickness of the second ring body is consistent with that of the first ring body, namely, the second ring body is thickened from the position connected with the lantern ring, the thickness of the second ring body starts to be reduced after the resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring part is reached until the thickness of the resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring part is the same as that of the diameter-changing equal-thickness constant-resistance ring part, and the ratio of the maximum thickness of the lantern.
The third ring body 13 is a collar of uniform wall thickness. The axial projection of the resistance increasing unequal-thickness ring and the diameter-changing equal-thickness constant-resistance ring is positioned in the range of the axial projection of the lantern ring, and the height ratio of the lantern ring to the resistance increasing unequal-thickness ring to the diameter-changing equal-thickness constant-resistance ring is 1:3: 5.
The inner diameter of the lantern ring of the external expansion type elastic ring is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the constant-resistance butt-joint platform of the cone nut, the difference between the inner diameter of the lantern ring and the maximum outer diameter of the constant-resistance butt-joint platform is smaller than or equal to 2mm, the cone nut and the external expansion type elastic ring are conveniently and coaxially connected together during field installation and operation, and unbalance loading is avoided when stress occurs. The outer diameter of the large-diameter end of the conical inclined plane is larger than the inner diameter of the large-diameter end of the first ring body, namely the outer diameter of the constant-resistance butt-joint platform is larger than the maximum inner diameter of the variable-diameter constant-resistance ring, and the difference between the outer diameter of the constant-resistance butt-joint platform and the maximum inner diameter of the variable-diameter constant-resistance ring is smaller than or equal to 3mm, so that friction movement between the conical nut and the outward-expansion type elasticity is realized, and the release energy of the surrounding rock outward expansion or the instant release energy can be.
The constant-resistance butt joint platform surface is in arc transition connection with the conical inclined surface, the arc surface of the arc is in contact with the supporting inclined surface, the minimum outer diameter of the arc surface is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the second ring body, and the difference between the minimum outer diameter of the arc surface and the maximum outer diameter of the ring with unequal resistance increase is smaller than or equal to 2 mm. The circular arc surface is contacted with the inclined surface of the variable-resistance unequal-thickness ring part of the external expansion type elastic ring, the conical nut circular arc surface is connected with the inclined surface of the variable-resistance unequal-thickness ring part of the external expansion type elastic ring at the initial stress stage, the contact angle is gradually increased along with displacement reduction, the stress of the small-displacement anchor rod is rapidly increased, the small deformation at the initial stage is smaller than the elastic deformation of the anchor rod, the supporting efficiency of the initial support of the anchor rod is not reduced by increasing the external expansion type elastic ring, and meanwhile, the problem of transient plastic deformation of the external expansion type elastic ring under the dynamic load of a drilling machine.
The design method of the resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring of the external expansion type elastic ring comprises the following steps: the length of the inclined plane is designed according to the initial yield force of the anchor rod body and the elastic modulus of the material of the rod body, the length of the inclined plane of the resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring of the outward expansion type elastic ring is required to be larger than the length of the conical inclined plane of the conical nut, and the difference between the length of the inclined plane of the resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring and the length of the conical inclined plane of the conical nut is required to be less than or equal. When the stress of the anchor rod reaches the initial yield force of the rod body, the conical nut is separated from the outward expansion type resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring part and then is contacted with the diameter-changing equal-thickness constant-resistance ring part, the stress of the anchor rod is kept constant, and meanwhile, the rod body does not deform in an elastic-plastic mode.
The anchor rod body is also sleeved with a spherical washer 3 matched with the tray and an antifriction gasket 7 positioned between the spherical washer and the outward expansion type elastic ring. Further, still the cover is equipped with the shock insulator 6 that is located between formula of rising elasticity ring and the antifriction gasket outward on the stock body of rod, and the shock insulator is kept away from and is offered the annular groove with the one end adaptation of the formula of rising elasticity ring towards the tray outward on the side of tray place side, and the shock insulator of this embodiment is ring channel iron gasket.
In the embodiment, an outward-expansion friction constant-resistance structure is adopted to replace a traditional yielding component, firstly, the conical nut and the outward-expansion elastic ring are connected together through the lantern ring, the conical nut and the outward-expansion elastic ring are ensured to be coaxial, the stress effect is good, and the problem of unbalance loading is solved; then, the conical nut arc surface is connected with the inclined surface of the outer expansion type elastic ring with unequal thick resistance increasing rings, so that the rapid resistance increasing of the anchor rod under small displacement can be realized, the pretightening force is convenient to apply, and the primary support efficiency of the anchor rod is not influenced; the initial energy absorption pressure point is accurately controlled through the design of the length of the inclined plane of the resistance-increasing unequal-thickness ring; after the anchor rod is stressed to reach an initial pressure-yielding point, the conical nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform is in contact with the variable-diameter constant-resistance ring of the external expansion type elastic ring, and constant friction resistance is kept. The tapered nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform and the variable-diameter constant-resistance ring with the same thickness of the outward-expansion elastic ring are subjected to displacement deformation under the action of constant force, so that a certain deformation of the anchor rod body is replaced, the release energy of outward expansion of surrounding rock is absorbed, the anchor rod supporting efficiency is ensured, and the high-strength anchor rod is effectively prevented from being broken without stretching under the large-deformation environment of the roadway. Meanwhile, when instant dynamic load occurs, the conical nut and the outward-expanding elastic ring instantly generate friction displacement, so that the anchor rod supporting efficiency is ensured, kinetic energy is instantly absorbed, and the anchor rod body is prevented from being broken under the instant dynamic pressure condition. By the aid of the functions, the comprehensive cost of roadway support is reduced while roadway support safety is guaranteed.
As a preferred embodiment of the specific manufacture, the anchor rod body is made of longitudinal-rib-free anchor rod steel, the chemical components of the longitudinal-rib-free anchor rod steel comprise C with the mass fraction of less than or equal to 0.3%, Si with the mass fraction of less than or equal to 0.8%, Mn with the mass fraction of less than or equal to 1.6%, P with the mass fraction of less than or equal to 0.04%, S with the mass fraction of less than or equal to 0.04%, the yield strength Rel in the mechanical property of the longitudinal-rib-free anchor rod steel is not less than 500MPa, the tensile strength Rm in the mechanical property of the longitudinal-rib-free anchor rod steel is not less than 700MPa, the bending core diameter a in the bending property requirement is 6 times of the nominal diameter (18-22 mm), the impact absorption energy (KV 35. The maximum outer diameter of the spherical gasket is more than or equal to 50mm, the aperture is 25-30 mm, and the height is more than or equal to 18 mm. The inner diameter of the annular groove iron gasket is phi 30-phi 35mm, the outer diameter of the annular groove iron gasket is phi 40-phi 50mm, and the groove depth is 2 mm.
The embodiment provides a use method of a novel outward expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod, which comprises the following steps:
1. when the anchor rod is installed, the anchor rod body is fixed in the anchoring hole, and a tray, a spherical washer, an antifriction gasket, an annular groove iron gasket, an outward expansion type elastic ring and a conical nut are sequentially installed on the anchor rod body;
2. the conical nut is rotated to be jacked to the external expansion type elastic ring, and is coaxial with the external expansion type elastic ring, so that the stress effect is good, and the unbalance loading problem is avoided;
3. the arc surface on the conical nut is in contact with the supporting inclined surface of the second ring body, the contact angle is gradually increased along with the displacement reduction, the rapid resistance increase of the anchor rod under small displacement is realized before the initial yield force of the anchor rod body is reached, the pre-tightening force is conveniently applied, and the primary support efficiency of the anchor rod is not reduced;
4. the length of the inclined plane is designed according to the initial yield force of the anchor rod body and the elastic modulus of the rod body material, and the initial energy absorption yielding point is accurately controlled;
5. after the anchor rod is stressed to reach an initial pressure point, under the action of dynamic load, the tray pushes the outward-expanding elastic ring to move towards the conical nut, the conical nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform is in contact with the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward-expanding elastic ring, and under the action of extrusion and expansion of the conical nut, the outward-expanding elastic ring and the conical nut keep constant friction resistance; under the action of constant force, the cone nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform, the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward-expansion elastic ring are dislocated to replace the deformation of a part of the rod body of the anchor rod, so that the release energy of the outward expansion of the surrounding rock is absorbed, the support efficiency of the anchor rod is ensured, and the high-strength anchor rod is effectively prevented from being broken by stretching;
6. when instant dynamic load occurs, the conical nut and the outward-expanding elastic ring instantaneously generate relative friction displacement, so that kinetic energy is instantaneously absorbed while the supporting efficiency of the anchor rod is ensured, and the anchor rod body is prevented from being broken under the instant dynamic pressure condition;
7. the constant friction resistance deformation between the conical nut and the outward expansion type elastic ring is utilized to absorb the outward expansion release energy and the instant kinetic energy of the surrounding rock, the larger the axial length of the diameter-changing equal-thickness part of the outward expansion type elastic ring is, the larger the friction deformation between the outward expansion type elastic ring and the conical nut is, the larger the absorbed release energy is.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and shall also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a novel outer friction formula constant resistance energy-absorbing stock that rises, includes the stock body of rod (1) and tray (2), its characterized in that: the anchor rod body is connected with a conical nut (5) positioned on the outer side of the tray through threads, and the conical nut (5) is connected with the tray along the axial force transmission through an outward expansion type elastic ring (4).
2. The novel expanding friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side surface of one end, facing the tray, of the conical nut is a conical inclined surface (12), and the outer diameter of one end, facing the tray, of the conical inclined surface is smaller than that of the other end of the conical inclined surface; the formula of rising outward elasticity ring includes first ring body (15) and second ring body (14) that set gradually along the axial, the inside wall of second ring body be with the support inclined plane of toper inclined plane adaptation, first ring body lie in the second ring body towards one side of tray, the lateral wall of first ring body is the toper, and the internal diameter of first ring body towards tray one end is greater than the internal diameter of the first ring body other end, and the external diameter of toper inclined plane major diameter end is greater than the internal diameter of first ring body major diameter end.
3. The novel expanding friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one end of the second ring body far away from the first ring body is fixedly provided with a third ring body (13) far away from the extension of the tray, and the outer side wall of the conical nut is provided with a constant-resistance butt joint platform (11) matched with the inner hole of the third ring body.
4. The novel expanding friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first ring body, the second ring body and the third ring body are an integral body.
5. The novel expanding friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the wall thickness of the second ring body varies from being axially progressively increased from the end connected to the third ring body and then being axially progressively decreased to be consistent with the wall thickness of the first ring body.
6. The novel expanding friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the constant-resistance butt joint platform surface is in transition connection with the conical inclined surface through an arc, the arc surface of the arc is in contact with the supporting inclined surface, and the minimum outer diameter of the arc surface is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the second ring body.
7. The novel expanding friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anchor rod body is also sleeved with a spherical washer (3) matched with the tray and an antifriction gasket (7) positioned between the spherical washer and the outward expansion type elastic ring.
8. The novel expanding friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the anchor rod body is further sleeved with a spacer (6) located between the outward expansion type elastic ring and the antifriction gasket, and an annular groove matched with one end, facing the tray, of the outward expansion type elastic ring is formed in the spacer.
9. The novel expanding friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cone nut and the outward expansion type elastic ring are coaxially arranged.
10. A use method of the novel outward expansion friction type constant-resistance energy absorption anchor rod as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized by comprising the following aspects:
(1) when the anchor rod is installed, the anchor rod body is fixed in the anchoring hole, and a tray, a spherical washer, an antifriction gasket, an annular groove iron gasket, an outward expansion type elastic ring and a conical nut are sequentially installed on the anchor rod body;
(2) rotating the conical nut to push the conical nut to the outward expansion type elastic ring, wherein the conical nut and the outward expansion type elastic ring are coaxial;
(3) the arc surface on the conical nut is in contact with the supporting inclined surface of the second ring body, the contact angle is gradually increased along with the displacement reduction, and the rapid resistance increase of the anchor rod under small displacement is realized before the initial yield force of the anchor rod body is reached;
(4) the length of the inclined plane is designed according to the initial yield force of the anchor rod body and the elastic modulus of the rod body material, and the initial energy absorption yielding point is controlled;
(5) after the anchor rod is stressed to reach an initial pressure point, under the action of dynamic load, the tray pushes the outward-expanding elastic ring to move towards the conical nut, the conical nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform is in contact with the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward-expanding elastic ring, and under the action of extrusion and expansion of the conical nut, the outward-expanding elastic ring and the conical nut keep constant friction resistance; under the action of constant force, the cone nut constant-resistance butt-joint platform, the second ring body and the first ring body of the outward expansion type elastic ring are dislocated to replace the deformation of a part of the rod body of the anchor rod and absorb the release energy of the outward expansion of the surrounding rock;
(6) when instant dynamic load occurs, the conical nut and the outward-expanding elastic ring instantly generate friction displacement, so that kinetic energy is instantly absorbed while the supporting efficiency of the anchor rod is ensured, and the anchor rod body is prevented from being broken under the instant dynamic pressure condition;
(7) the constant friction resistance deformation between the conical nut and the outward expansion type elastic ring is utilized to absorb the outward expansion release energy and the instant kinetic energy of the surrounding rock, the larger the axial length of the diameter-changing equal-thickness part of the outward expansion type elastic ring is, the larger the friction deformation between the outward expansion type elastic ring and the conical nut is, the larger the absorbed release energy is.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110344191.3A CN112922654B (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | External expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110344191.3A CN112922654B (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | External expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod and use method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112922654A true CN112922654A (en) | 2021-06-08 |
| CN112922654B CN112922654B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
Family
ID=76176677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110344191.3A Active CN112922654B (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | External expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod and use method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112922654B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201372432Y (en) * | 2009-02-08 | 2009-12-30 | 上海大屯能源股份有限公司 | High-resistance constant-resistance compressible anchor cable |
| CN203515628U (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-04-02 | 尤洛卡矿业安全工程股份有限公司 | Friction-type constant-resistance large-deformation anchor rod |
| CN111794792A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-20 | 泰安泰烁岩层控制科技有限公司 | Novel controllable-deformation elastic energy-releasing impact-resistant anchor rod and using method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-03-31 CN CN202110344191.3A patent/CN112922654B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201372432Y (en) * | 2009-02-08 | 2009-12-30 | 上海大屯能源股份有限公司 | High-resistance constant-resistance compressible anchor cable |
| CN203515628U (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-04-02 | 尤洛卡矿业安全工程股份有限公司 | Friction-type constant-resistance large-deformation anchor rod |
| CN111794792A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-20 | 泰安泰烁岩层控制科技有限公司 | Novel controllable-deformation elastic energy-releasing impact-resistant anchor rod and using method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112922654B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8974151B2 (en) | Constant-resistance large-deformation anchor rod | |
| CN109026103B (en) | Expanding extrusion friction anchor rod and anchor cable structure | |
| AU2018265328B2 (en) | Friction rock bolt | |
| CN113027500B (en) | Outward-expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor cable and using method thereof | |
| CN110578542A (en) | High-stress rock burst roadway anchor rod, design method and working method | |
| CN105422152B (en) | A kind of large deformation shear anchor arm and its installation method | |
| CN112922654B (en) | External expansion friction type constant-resistance energy-absorbing anchor rod and use method thereof | |
| EP4172508B1 (en) | Self-drilling expanding anchor bolt | |
| CN112177648B (en) | Novel anti-shearing large-deformation energy-absorbing anchor rod | |
| CN214063015U (en) | Friction constant-resistance grading yielding anchor rod | |
| CN216588665U (en) | Full-length anchoring anti-shearing large-deformation anchor rod | |
| CN113153398B (en) | Large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod | |
| CN111794792B (en) | Novel controllable-deformation elastic energy-releasing impact-resistant anchor rod and using method thereof | |
| CN211058834U (en) | Large-deformation control anchor cable for deep tunnel of coal mine | |
| CN112983519B (en) | High-pretightening-force anchor rod capable of actively and rapidly realizing three-dimensional stress balance and anchoring method thereof | |
| CN220167968U (en) | Self-adaptive anchor rod cable supporting structure for large-deformation surrounding rock | |
| CN216429646U (en) | Novel energy-absorbing scour protection device | |
| CN216642160U (en) | Novel energy-absorbing anchor cable assembly | |
| CN216588666U (en) | Anti-shearing anchor bolt supporting device capable of being installed quickly | |
| CN112483156A (en) | Friction constant-resistance grading yielding anchor rod | |
| CN113982663B (en) | Yielding anchor rod and supporting method | |
| CN216841757U (en) | Energy-absorbing impact-resistant anchorage device assembly | |
| CN114526104A (en) | Energy-absorbing impact-resistant anchorage device assembly and mounting method thereof | |
| CN216588669U (en) | Sleeve assembly for improving shearing resistance of anchor rod | |
| CN108071410A (en) | A kind of piston type increases resistance pressure-relieving achor bar and construction method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |