CN112921708A - High-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112921708A
CN112921708A CN201911231231.2A CN201911231231A CN112921708A CN 112921708 A CN112921708 A CN 112921708A CN 201911231231 A CN201911231231 A CN 201911231231A CN 112921708 A CN112921708 A CN 112921708A
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fiber
fibers
coating
pulp
filter material
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CN201911231231.2A
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CN112921708B (en
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姚运振
胡健
梁云
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Guangzhou Huachuang Chemical Material Technology Development Co ltd
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Guangzhou Huachuang Chemical Material Technology Development Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/08—Filter paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/12—Pulp from non-woody plants or crops, e.g. cotton, flax, straw, bagasse
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/02—Synthetic cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/08—Synthetic cellulose fibres from regenerated cellulose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/12—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/14—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene polyethylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/12—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/16—Polyalkenylalcohols; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/24—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
    • D21H13/38—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous
    • D21H13/40—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous vitreous, e.g. mineral wool, glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material and a preparation method thereof. The surface filter material provided by the invention comprises a base material and a superfine fiber coating. The high-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material is prepared by coating the superfine fiber coating on the surface of the substrate in a curtain coating mode, has certain strength, is not easy to fall off, and has the advantages of good evenness of the superfine fiber coating, high stability, high filtering efficiency, good back flushing self-cleaning performance and the like.

Description

High-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of filtration, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency low-resistance surface filtration material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, conventional filter materials are basically prepared from pure plant fibers or plant fibers mixed with synthetic fibers. However, the requirements of the gas turbine air inlet system, the air compressor air inlet system and the vehicle air inlet system on the filtering efficiency of the air filtering material are higher and higher, the filtering material prepared by the traditional filtering material and the traditional preparation method is low in filtering efficiency and high in resistance, and the high requirements of the surface filtering material on high efficiency and low resistance are difficult to meet.
At present, the disclosed high-efficiency and low-resistance material and the corresponding preparation method comprise the following steps:
(1) high efficiency and low resistance realized by mixing and adding superfine fibers
The diameter of the superfine fiber is generally below 3 μm, and the specific surface area of the superfine fiber is several times or even dozens of times of that of the common fiber, so that the product can realize higher filtering efficiency under the same resistance, and an electron microscope image of the filtering material prepared by the method is shown in figure 1. However, this method has limited effects on improving efficiency and reducing resistance, and although the performance is improved to some extent compared with that of ordinary materials, the improvement effect is not particularly significant.
(2) Multi-flow-channel flow box mode of papermaking method
When the multi-flow-channel head box mode of the papermaking method is adopted, the upper layer is an ultrafine fiber coating, and the lower layer is a supporting layer. The mode can prepare the high-efficiency low-resistance filter material without secondary processing by only using a papermaking method, is an important innovation in the field of filtration, and an electron microscope image of the material prepared by the method is shown in figure 2. However, such a method is limited by forming, and only the performance of a product with stable forming can be ensured, and in the actual situation, because the air permeability and the dewatering performance of the upper layer and the lower layer are greatly different, the condition that a large amount of upper layers and lower layers are mixed in the forming process (namely, a mixed area exists between a support layer (base material) and an ultrafine fiber coating) can cause the fluctuation of the basis weight, the thickness, the resistance and the efficiency in the paper machine direction and the cross-web direction.
However, the effect of the mixing of the superfine fiber and the common fiber on improving the filtering performance of the filtering material is limited, and the problem that the interlayer fiber is easy to mix and the fluctuation of the superfine fiber layer is large exists in the preparation of the double-layer composite material consisting of the superfine fiber layer and the common fiber supporting layer by one-step forming of the multi-channel head box. Because the quantitative of the superfine fiber layer is lower, the fluctuation of the superfine fiber in the directions of the layers and the filtering plane can cause the defects of uneven distribution of the superfine fiber layer, even hole formation and the like, thereby leading the superfine fiber layer with high filtering efficiency to lose the function. Therefore, the double-layer composite material with the superfine fiber layer is prepared by one-step forming of the multi-channel head box, the preparation process requirement is high, and the batch stability of the prepared material has certain fluctuation, so that the method for producing the superfine fiber layer composite filter material in batch has certain limitation. In order to realize and ensure excellent filtering performance of the ultrafine fiber layer, the key to solve the problems is to improve the uniformity and batch stability of the ultrafine fiber layer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material and a preparation method thereof.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a surface filter material that is highly efficient and low resistance.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material.
The high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material provided by the invention has a double-layer structure, one layer is a substrate layer, the density of paper is lower, the other layer is a superfine fiber coating layer, the density is higher, and the air permeability of the surface filter material formed by the two layers is higher than 100L/m2S, the initial filtering efficiency of 0.3 micron can reach an extensive range of 25-80%, the tensile strength is more than 5KN/m, the stiffness is higher than 2.5mN.m, and the composite material has good processing performance. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material, which comprises a base material and a superfine fiber coating coated on the surface of the base material, wherein no obvious mixing area exists between the base material and the superfine fiber coating.
Preferably, the non-mixing area between the base material and the superfine fiber coating is displayed under an electron microscope with the power of more than or equal to 300 times, and further preferably, the non-mixing area between the base material and the superfine fiber coating is displayed under the electron microscope with the power of less than or equal to 3000 times;
preferably, the substrate comprises plant fibers and/or non-plant fibers;
preferably, the plant fiber is selected from one or more of wood pulp fiber, grass fiber, cotton fiber and hemp fiber; more preferably wood pulp fibers;
preferably, the plant fibers have an average diameter of 5 to 40 μm, more preferably 6 to 20 μm;
in general, the average length of the plant fibers suitable for use in the present invention may be from 0.5 to 5 mm;
preferably, the plant fibers are flash-dried wood pulp fibers and/or mercerized wood pulp fibers, further preferably, the plant fibers are hardwood flash-dried pulp fibers and/or softwood flash-dried pulp fibers;
preferably, the non-plant fiber is selected from one or more of nylon fiber, polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber, aramid fiber, acrylic fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, tencel fiber, richcel fiber, glass fiber and bonding fiber.
Preferably, the non-plant fibres have an average diameter of 1-25 μm, further preferably 5-20 μm;
generally, the average length of the non-plant fibers suitable for use in the present invention is from 2 to 10 mm;
preferably, the non-plant fibers are polyester fibers and/or glass fibers;
preferably, the non-plant fibers in the substrate occupy 0-30% of the basis weight of the substrate;
preferably, the basis weight of the substrate is 10 to 200g/m2More preferably 80 to 120g/m2More preferably 90g/m2；
Further preferably, the microfiber coating layer comprises fibrillated fibers and/or microfiber glass wool;
preferably, in the ultrafine fiber coating, wherein the fibrillated fibers are fibers capable of generating fibrils, for example, the fibrillated fibers are selected from one or more of tencel fibers, richcel fibers, aramid fibers, and polyacrylonitrile fibers; further preferably para-aramid fibers and/or lyocell fibers;
preferably, the fibrillated fibers have a freeness of 70-90 ° SR, further preferably 80 ° SR; preferably, the diameter of the fiber of the micro glass fiber glass cotton is 0.1-3 μm, more preferably 0.2-1.0 μm, and the beating degree is 15-80 DEG SR;
preferably, the ultrafine fiber coating has a basis weight of 0.1 to 5g/m2More preferably 0.5 to 3g/m2Further preferably 2g/m2；
Preferably, the mean pore size of the ultrafine fibrous coating is 0.1 to 5 μm;
further preferably, the microfiber coating layer is applied to the surface of the substrate by curtain coating.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material, wherein the method comprises:
(1) preparing superfine fiber coating raw materials: pulping the fibrillated fibers to prepare fully fibrillated pulp; uniformly dispersing the fully fibrillated pulp or the micro glass fiber glass wool or the mixture of the fully fibrillated pulp and the micro glass fiber glass wool in a dispersing solvent to form a suspension with the concentration of 0.05 per mill to 1 percent, preferably 0.05 percent to 0.5 percent, and more preferably 0.1 percent;
(2) preparation of the substrate: mixing plant fiber and/or non-plant fiber raw materials with water in a pulp tank, diluting the mixture to an online concentration of 0.01 to 0.5 percent, preferably 0.05 percent (mass ratio of the total amount of the added fiber to the water) by using a fan pump after defibering and dispersing, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a pulp flowing box, and making the pulp into a base material;
(3) conveying the suspension prepared in the step (1) to a curtain coater through a pump, and then coating the suspension on the surface of the substrate prepared in the step (2) conveyed by a net part;
(4) drying the paper coated with the superfine fiber coating obtained in the step (3) by a drying cylinder at the temperature of 100-140 ℃ to obtain raw paper of the surface filter material;
(5) and (4) allowing the base paper of the surface filtering material obtained in the step (4) to pass through a glue applying part, adopting reinforced resin to carry out roller glue applying process treatment, and then carrying out secondary drying, curing, corrugation pressing treatment and coiling to obtain the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material.
Preferably, in step (1), the fibrillated fibers are selected from fibers capable of producing fibrils, for example, from one or more of tencel fibers, richcel fibers, aramid fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers; further preferably para-aramid fibers and/or lyocell fibers;
preferably, in step (1), the fibrillated fibers have a freeness of 70-90 ° SR, further preferably 80 ° SR;
preferably, in the step (1), the fiber diameter of the micro glass fiber glass wool is 0.1-3 μm, more preferably 0.2-1.0 μm, and the beating degree is 15-80 ° SR;
preferably, in step (1), the dispersing solvent may be selected from one or more of water, alcohols, ketones and alkanes; more preferably, the dispersion solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropanol, and isobutanol;
preferably, in step (1), the surface tension of the dispersion solvent is 20mN/m to 80 mN/m;
preferably, in the step (2), the plant fiber is selected from one or more of wood pulp fiber, grass fiber, cotton fiber and hemp fiber; more preferably flash-dried wood pulp fibers and/or mercerized wood pulp fibers; further preferably, the plant fibers are hardwood flash dried pulp fibers and/or softwood flash dried pulp fibers;
preferably, in step (2), the plant fibers have an average diameter of 5 to 40 μm, more preferably 6 to 20 μm; further preferably, the average length of the plant fibers is 0.5-5 mm;
preferably, in the step (2), the non-plant fiber is selected from one or more of nylon fiber, polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber, aramid fiber, acrylic fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, tencel fiber, richcel fiber, glass fiber and bonding fiber.
Preferably, in step (2), the non-plant fibers have an average diameter of 1 to 25 μm, further preferably 5 to 20 μm; further preferably, the non-plant fibers have an average length of 2-10 mm;
preferably, in step (2), the basis weight of the substrate is 10 to 200g/m2More preferably 80 to 120g/m2More preferably 90g/m2；
Preferably, in the step (3), the ultrafine fiber coating layer has a basis weight of 0.1 to 5g/m2Preferably 0.5 to 3g/m2Further preferably 2g/m2；
Preferably, in the step (3), the pump is a screw pump, and the flow rate of the suspension is determined according to the vehicle speed, the width, the superfine fiber coating ration and the concentration of the suspension; further preferably, the flow rate of the suspension is determined according to the following formula:
Q＝GWV/C，
wherein Q-suspension flow, L/min; g-ultrafine fiber coating quantitative, G/m2(ii) a W-width, m; v, vehicle speed m/min; c-concentration, g/L;
preferably, in the step (5), the reinforcing resin is selected from one or more of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin and polyvinyl acetate resin;
preferably, in step (5), the reinforcing resin has a solid content of about 15% to 25% (mass percent), and more preferably 20%;
preferably, in step (5), after sizing, the reinforcing resin occupies 15% to 25% (by mass), more preferably 18% to 21% (by mass), of the oven-dried surface filter material.
Preferably, no obvious mixing area exists between the base material and the superfine fiber coating in the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material obtained in the step (5); more preferably, the non-mixing area between the base material and the superfine fiber coating is displayed under an electron microscope with the power of more than or equal to 300 times, and even more preferably, the non-mixing area between the base material and the superfine fiber coating is displayed under the electron microscope with the power of less than or equal to 3000 times;
in one embodiment of the invention, the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material comprises a base material and a superfine fiber coating coated on the surface of the base material, wherein no mixed area is displayed between the base material and the superfine fiber coating under a 300-time electron microscope; the base material comprises broadleaf wood flash-dried wood pulp fibers with the diameter of 6.0-20.0 microns and softwood flash-dried wood pulp fibers with the diameter of 18.0-40.0 microns, and the superfine fiber coating comprises para-aramid fibers with the beating degree of 80 DEG SR and micro glass fiber glass wool with the diameter of 0.2-1.0 micron; the basis weight of the substrate was 90g/m2(ii) a The weight of the superfine fiber coating is 2g/m2；
The high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) the superfine fiber coating raw materials are as follows: pulping 50 parts by mass of para-aramid fibers by using a groove type beater or a disc mill to prepare sufficient fibrillated pulp with the beating degree of 80 DEG SR, adding 50 parts by mass of micro glass fiber glass cotton into the sufficient fibrillated pulp, defibering, and adding water to dilute the mixture into suspension with the concentration of 0.1% (mass ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of broadleaf wood flash pulp and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash pulp with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net surfing concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a pulp flowing box, and forming a base material by papermaking to obtain the finished productThe form ration was 90g/m2；
(3) Conveying the suspension prepared in the step (1) to a curtain coater through a pump, coating the suspension on a substrate transferred to a curtain coating device through a trawl, coating superfine fiber coating raw materials on the surface of the substrate by using the curtain coating device, and adjusting the sizing flow of the coating process according to the Q-GWV/C so that the coating amount of the superfine fiber coating raw materials is 2g/m2；
(4) Drying the paper coated with the superfine fiber coating by a drying cylinder with the temperature of 120-140 ℃ to obtain raw paper of the surface filter material;
(5) enabling the obtained surface filter material base paper to pass through sizing parts of two coating rollers, soaking acrylic resin with the solid content of about 20% into the base paper by adopting a roller sizing process, and drying and curing the material by passing through a post-drying part with the temperature of 120-140 ℃, wherein the oven-dried mass of the resin accounts for 20% of the oven-dried mass of the paper; and (3) carrying out edge pressing treatment on the cured paper, and finally coiling to obtain the paper.
In another specific embodiment of the invention, a high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is provided, which comprises a base material and a superfine fiber coating coated on the surface of the base material, wherein no mixed area is displayed between the base material and the superfine fiber coating under a 300-time electron microscope; the base material comprises hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fibers with the diameter of 6.0-20.0 microns and softwood flash-dried wood pulp fibers with the diameter of 18.0-40.0 microns, and the superfine fiber coating comprises para-aramid fibers with the beating degree of 80 degrees SR and tencel fibers with the beating degree of 80 degrees SR; the basis weight of the substrate was 90g/m2(ii) a The weight of the superfine fiber coating is 2g/m2；
The high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) the superfine fiber coating raw materials are as follows: pulping 50 parts by mass of para-aramid fiber by using a groove type pulping machine or a disc mill to prepare a fully fibrillated pulp 1 with a beating degree of 80 DEG SR; then 50 parts by mass of tencel fiber is beaten by a trough beater or a disc mill to obtain the fully fibrillated pulp 2 with beating degree of 80 DEG SR. Mixing the fully fibrillated slurry 1 and the fully fibrillated slurry 2, and adding water to dilute the mixture into a suspension with the concentration of 0.1% (mass ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of hardwood flash pulp and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash pulp with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net surfing concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a head box, papermaking to form a base material, and forming the base material with a forming ration of 90g/m2；
(3) Conveying the suspension prepared in the step (1) to a curtain coater through a pump, coating the suspension on a substrate transferred to a curtain coating device through a trawl, coating superfine fiber coating raw materials on the surface of the substrate by using the curtain coating device, and adjusting the sizing flow of the coating process according to the Q-GWV/C so that the coating amount of the superfine fiber coating raw materials is 2g/m2；
(4) Drying the paper coated with the superfine fiber coating by a drying cylinder with the temperature of 120-140 ℃ to obtain raw paper of the surface filter material;
(5) enabling the obtained surface filter material base paper to pass through sizing parts of two coating rollers, soaking acrylic resin with the solid content of about 20% into the base paper by adopting a roller sizing process, and drying and curing the material by passing through a post-drying part with the temperature of 120-140 ℃, wherein the oven-dried mass of the resin accounts for 20% of the oven-dried mass of the paper; and (3) carrying out edge pressing treatment on the cured paper, and finally coiling to obtain the paper.
As used herein, the term "blend zone" refers to the large amount of blending of the upper and lower layers that occurs during the forming process when a double layer filter material is prepared by methods known in the art, such as the paper making process multi-channel headbox approach, due to the large differences in air permeability and dewatering properties of the upper and lower layers. The term "no significant mixing region" as used herein means that no mixing region is found in the high efficiency, low resistance filter material of the present invention as shown in the two layer filter material prepared by the prior known methods. The term "no-mixing region" means that the presence of ultrafine fibers is not observed (under an electron microscope of 300 times or more) in the substrate layer of the surface filter material prepared by the method of the present invention, i.e., the ultrafine fiber content of the substrate layer is considered to be 0.
The high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material provided by the invention is a double-layer composite material, and the superfine fiber coating on the surface can block most of particles on the surface due to the fact that the fiber diameter is small and the pores are large. The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material, which is characterized in that a base material is prepared by wet forming, and then superfine fibers are uniformly coated on the surface of the base material by a curtain coating method. The method can effectively avoid the mixing of the base material and the superfine fiber coating and the formation of a mixed area, thereby solving the problem of uneven fiber distribution of the superfine fiber caused by the fluctuation of the thickness direction. The surface filter material prepared by the method of the invention obviously improves the structural integrity of the superfine fiber coating because all superfine fibers are remained on the surface of the base material.
In addition, the surface filter material provided by the invention does not have a mixed area of superfine fibers and base fibers, so that the bonding strength of the superfine fiber coating and the base material is reduced, the bonding strength of the superfine fiber layer and the support layer is improved, and the double-layer composite material needs to be reinforced by using resin. Applicants have unexpectedly found that the use of a roll sizing process to impregnate a resin into a base paper not only provides effective strength to the surface filter material, but also does not lose the filtration efficiency of the filter material, as compared to the curtain coating sizing methods conventionally employed in the art. Therefore, the superfine fiber layer double-layer composite material provided by the invention has the characteristics of uniform distribution of superfine fiber coatings, strong production stability, high efficiency, low resistance and long service life.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1: electron microscope images of the superfine fiber composite materials;
FIG. 2: electron microscopy (300 times) of wet-process multilayer composite filter material (prepared by multi-channel headbox technology);
FIG. 3: an electron microscope image of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is shown;
FIG. 4: the preparation process of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is disclosed;
FIG. 5: structural form diagram of curtain coating;
FIG. 6: the dust holding amounts of the surface filter materials of example 5 and comparative examples 4 to 5 to the putty compound were compared, wherein fig. 6(a) shows the dust holding amount of the surface filter material of example 5 to the putty compound, fig. 6(b) shows the dust holding amount of the surface filter material of comparative example 4 to the putty compound, and fig. 6(c) shows the dust holding amount of the surface filter material of comparative example 5 to the putty compound.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The reagents and equipment used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified, wherein:
the curtain coater is purchased conventionally; hardwood flash dried wood pulp fibers were purchased from Suzano, baxi; softwood flash dried wood pulp fibers were purchased from Rottneros, sweden; para-aramid fibers were purchased from TEIJIN corporation, japan; the acrylic resin is purchased from Guangzhou five-dimensional special material company; the micro glass fiber glass cotton is purchased from Chongqing Resheng science and technology GmbH; tencel fiber was purchased from Lenzing, ; PET fibers were purchased from TEIJIN corporation, japan; bicomponent PET fibers were purchased from TEIJIN corporation, japan.
Example 1
The raw materials used in the preparation of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material in the embodiment are as follows:
(1) the hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 6.0-20.0 mu m;
(2) the needle-leaved wood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 18.0-40.0 mu m;
(3) para-aramid fiber with a beating degree of 80 DEG SR;
(4) acrylic resin, solid content 20%;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing superfine fiber coating raw materials: pulping 100 parts by mass of para-aramid fiber by using a groove type beater or a disc mill to prepare fully fibrillated pulp with the beating degree of 80 DEG SR, and adding water to dilute the fully fibrillated pulp into suspension with the concentration of 0.1% (mass ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of hardwood flash pulp and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash pulp with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net surfing concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a head box, papermaking to form a base material, and forming the base material with a forming ration of 90g/m2；
(3) Conveying the suspension prepared in the step (1) to a curtain coater through a pump, coating the suspension on a substrate transferred to a curtain coating device through a trawl, coating superfine fiber coating raw materials on the surface of the substrate by using the curtain coating device, and adjusting the sizing flow of the coating process according to the Q-GWV/C so that the coating amount of the superfine fiber coating raw materials is 2g/m2；
(4) Drying the paper coated with the superfine fiber coating by a drying cylinder with the temperature of 120-140 ℃ to obtain raw paper of the surface filter material;
(5) enabling the obtained surface filter material base paper to pass through sizing parts of two coating rollers, soaking acrylic resin with the solid content of about 20% into the base paper by adopting a roller sizing process, and drying and curing the material by passing through a post-drying part with the temperature of 120-140 ℃, wherein the oven-dried mass of the resin accounts for 20% of the oven-dried mass of the paper; and (3) carrying out edge pressing treatment on the cured paper, and finally coiling to obtain the paper.
An electron microscope image of the prepared high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is shown in fig. 3.
Example 2
The raw materials used in the preparation of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material in the embodiment are as follows:
(1) the hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 6.0-20.0 mu m;
(2) the needle-leaved wood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 18.0-40.0 mu m;
(3) the diameter of the micro glass fiber glass wool is 0.2-1.0 mu m;
(4) acrylic resin, solid content 20%;
the scheme of the product preparation is as follows:
(1) preparing superfine fiber coating raw materials: defibering 100 parts by mass of micro glass fiber glass wool by using a defibering machine, and adding water to dilute the micro glass fiber glass wool into suspension with the concentration of 0.1% (mass ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of hardwood flash pulp and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash pulp with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net surfing concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a head box, papermaking to form a base material, and forming the base material with a forming ration of 90g/m2；
The subsequent preparation methods were the same as in (3) to (5) of example 1.
Example 3
The raw materials used in the preparation of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material in the embodiment are as follows:
(1) the hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 6.0-20.0 mu m;
(2) the needle-leaved wood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 18.0-40.0 mu m;
(3) the diameter of the micro glass fiber glass wool is 0.4-9.5 mu m;
(4) acrylic resin, solid content 20%;
the product was prepared by the same methods as in (1) to (5) of example 2.
Example 4
The raw materials used in the preparation of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material in the embodiment are as follows:
(1) the hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 6.0-20.0 mu m;
(2) the needle-leaved wood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 18.0-40.0 mu m;
(3) the beating degree of the tencel fiber is 80 DEG SR;
(4) acrylic resin, solid content 20%;
the scheme of the product preparation is as follows:
(1) preparing superfine fiber coating raw materials: pulping 100 parts by mass of tencel fibers by using a groove type beater or a disc mill to obtain sufficient fibrillated pulp with the beating degree of 80 DEG SR, and adding water to dilute the fully fibrillated pulp into suspension with the concentration of 0.1% (mass ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of hardwood flash pulp and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash pulp with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net surfing concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a head box, papermaking to form a base material, and forming the base material with a forming ration of 90g/m2；
The subsequent preparation methods were the same as in (3) to (5) of example 1.
Example 5
The raw materials used in the preparation of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material in the embodiment are as follows:
(1) the hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 6.0-20.0 mu m;
(2) the needle-leaved wood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 18.0-40.0 mu m;
(3) para-aramid fiber with a beating degree of 80 DEG SR;
(4) the diameter of the micro glass fiber glass wool is 0.2-1.0 mu m;
(5) acrylic resin, solid content 20%;
the scheme of the product preparation is as follows:
(1) the superfine fiber coating raw materials are as follows: pulping 50 parts by mass of para-aramid fibers by using a groove type beater or a disc mill to prepare sufficient fibrillated pulp with the beating degree of 80 DEG SR, adding 50 parts by mass of micro glass fiber glass cotton into the sufficient fibrillated pulp, defibering, and adding water to dilute the mixture into suspension with the concentration of 0.1% (mass ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of hardwood flash pulp and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash pulp with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net surfing concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a head box, papermaking to form a base material, and forming the base material with a forming ration of 90g/m2；
The subsequent preparation methods were the same as in (3) to (5) of example 1.
The electron micrograph of the prepared high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is basically the same as that in the figure 3.
Example 6
The raw materials used in the preparation of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material in the embodiment are as follows:
(1) the hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 6.0-20.0 mu m;
(2) the needle-leaved wood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 18.0-40.0 mu m;
(3) para-aramid fiber with a beating degree of 80 DEG SR;
(4) the beating degree of the tencel fiber is 80 DEG SR;
(5) acrylic resin, solid content 20%;
the scheme of the product preparation is as follows:
(1) the superfine fiber coating raw materials are as follows: 50 parts by mass of para-aramid fiber is pulped by using a trough type beater or a disc mill to prepare the sufficient fibrillated pulp 1 with the beating degree of 80 DEG SR. Then 50 parts by mass of tencel fiber is beaten by a trough beater or a disc mill to obtain the fully fibrillated pulp 2 with beating degree of 80 DEG SR. Mixing the fully fibrillated slurry 1 and the fully fibrillated slurry 2, and adding water to dilute the mixture into a suspension with the concentration of 0.1% (mass ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of hardwood flash pulp and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash pulp with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net surfing concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a head box, papermaking to form a base material, and forming the base material with a forming ration of 90g/m2；
The subsequent preparation methods were the same as in (3) to (5) of example 1.
The electron micrograph of the prepared high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is basically the same as that in the figure 3.
Example 7
The raw materials used in the preparation of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material in the embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment 1;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing superfine fiber coating raw materials: pulping 100 parts by mass of para-aramid fiber by using a groove type beater or a disc mill to prepare sufficient fibrillated pulp with the beating degree of 80 DEG SR, and adding water to dilute the fully fibrillated pulp into suspension with the concentration of 0.2% (mass ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of broadleaf wood flash-dried wood pulp fiber and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash-dried wood pulp fiber with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute to an upper net concentration of 0.05%, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a pulp flowing box, papermaking to form a base material, and forming the basis weight of 90g/m2；
(3) Conveying the suspension prepared in the step (1) to a curtain coater through a pump, then coating the suspension on a substrate transferred to a curtain coating device through a trawl, coating superfine fiber coating raw materials on the surface of the substrate by using the curtain coating device, and adjusting the sizing flow rate according to the vehicle speed and the breadth of a paper machine in the coating process so that the coating quantity of the superfine fiber coating raw materials is 4g/m2。
The subsequent preparation methods were the same as in (4) to (5) of example 1.
Example 8
The raw materials used in the preparation of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material in the embodiment are as follows:
(1) PET fibers (polyester fibers) having a diameter of 19.0 to 21.0 μm;
(2) a bicomponent PET fiber having a diameter of 16.0 to 18.0 μm;
(3) para-aramid fiber with a beating degree of 80 DEG SR;
(4) acrylic resin, solid content 20%;
the scheme of the product preparation is as follows:
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 80 parts by mass of PET fibers and 20 parts by mass of bi-component PET fibers with water in a stock chest, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to an upper net concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted slurry into a head box, and forming a base material by papermaking to form a base material with a forming ration of 90g/m2。
The subsequent production methods were the same as in (1) and (3) to (5) of example 1.
Comparative example 1
The raw materials used in the preparation of the surface filter material in this example were as follows:
(1) the hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 6.0-20.0 mu m;
(2) the needle-leaved wood flash-dried wood pulp fiber has the diameter of 18.0-40.0 mu m;
(3) para-aramid fiber with a beating degree of 80 DEG SR;
(4) acrylic resin, solid content 20%;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the superfine fiber coating raw materials are as follows: pulping 100 parts by mass of para-aramid fiber by using a groove type beater or a disc mill to prepare fully fibrillated pulp with the beating degree of 90 DEG SR and the fiber diameter of 10nm-3.0 mu m, and adding water to dilute the fully fibrillated pulp into suspension with the concentration of 0.1% (mass-volume ratio) for later use;
(2) preparing a base material: mixing 50 parts by mass of hardwood flash pulp and 50 parts by mass of softwood flash pulp with water in a pulp tank, defibering, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net surfing concentration of 0.05 percent, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a head box, papermaking to form a base material, and forming the base material with a forming ration of 90g/m2；
(3) Conveying the suspension prepared in the step (1) to a curtain coating machine through a pump, then coating the suspension to a substrate transferred to a curtain coating device through a trawl, coating superfine fiber coating raw materials on the surface of the substrate by using the curtain coating device, and adjusting the sizing flow rate according to the vehicle speed and the breadth of a paper machine in the coating process so that the coating quantity of the superfine fiber is 2g/m2
(4) Drying the base paper coated with the superfine fiber coating by a drying cylinder with the temperature of 120-140 ℃ to obtain the base paper of the surface filter material;
(5) soaking acrylic resin with the solid content of about 20% into the base paper by using a curtain coating and sizing method, and drying and curing the material by using a post-drying part with the temperature of 120-140 ℃, wherein the oven-dried mass of the resin accounts for 20% of the oven-dried mass of the paper;
(5) and (3) carrying out edge pressing treatment on the cured paper, and finally coiling to obtain the paper.
Comparative example 2:
(1) 40 parts by mass of hardwood flash-dried pulp fibers and 40 parts by mass of softwood flash-dried pulp fibers were used to be mixed with water in a pulp chest and fluffed to obtain pulp 1 for later use.
(2) Fibrillation treatment is carried out on 10 parts by mass of para-aramid by using a groove type beater or a disc mill, and superfine fiber with beating degree of 80 DEG SR and fiber diameter of 10nm-3 mu m is prepared to obtain pulp 2 for later use.
(3) Mixing the pulp 1 and the pulp 2, adding water to dilute the mixture to a net-feeding concentration of 0.05 percent, dehydrating and forming the mixture by using an inclined wire paper machine, and drying the mixture in a front drying part at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ to obtain base paper with the basis weight of 92g/m2。
(4) And (3) passing the dried base paper through sizing parts of two coating rollers, impregnating the base paper by using acrylic resin with the solid content of about 20%, and passing through a post-drying part with the temperature of 120-140 ℃ to dry and cure the material, wherein the oven-dried mass of the resin accounts for 20% of the oven-dried mass of the paper.
(5) And (4) carrying out edge pressing treatment on the cured paper, and finally coiling to finish the preparation of the paper.
Comparative example 3:
(1) 40 parts by mass of hardwood flash-dried wood pulp fibers and 40 parts by mass of softwood flash-dried wood pulp fibers were used to be mixed with water and defibrated in a pulp tank, and the pulp was concentrated and diluted to 0.05% with water to obtain pulp 1 for standby.
(2) Fibrillating 10 parts by mass of para-aramid by using a tank type beater or a disc mill to obtain superfine fibers with beating degree of 80 DEG SR and fiber diameter of 10nm-3 mu m, and diluting the pulp to 0.01% by adding water to obtain pulp 2 for later use.
(3) Respectively pumping the pulp 2 and the pulp 1 to an upper pulp distributor and a lower pulp distributor of an inclined wire paper machine for dehydration and formation, and then drying the pulp in a front drying part at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ to obtain base paper with the basis weight of 92g/m2。
(4) And (3) passing the dried base paper through sizing parts of two coating rollers, impregnating the base paper by using acrylic resin with the solid content of about 20%, and passing through a post-drying part with the temperature of 120-140 ℃ to dry and cure the material, wherein the oven-dried mass of the resin accounts for 20% of the oven-dried mass of the paper.
(5) And (4) carrying out edge pressing treatment on the cured paper, and finally coiling to finish the preparation of the paper.
Comparative example 4:
the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber composite filter material universally used in the market is formed by compounding a base material prepared from wood pulp fibers and an electrostatic spinning layer. The comparative example used an electrospun nanofiber composite filter available from Donaldson corporation, usa.
Comparative example 5:
the melt-blown non-woven fabric composite filter material is generally used in the market and is formed by compounding a base material prepared from wood pulp fibers and melt-blown non-woven fabrics. The comparative example used a meltblown nonwoven available from H & V company, usa.
Test exampleMeasurement of Performance of surface Filter materials of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 5
(1) Quantification: the sampling was carried out with a quantitative sampling knife (DLD-100, Duty testing machine of Yueming, Changchun), and the quality of the sample was measured with an analytical balance (XSE204, METTLER TOLEDO, Switzerland) according to
Figure RE-GDA0002397124290000161
And calculating to obtain the material quantification, wherein G is the quantification, m is the mass of the sample, and S is the area of the sample.
(2) Thickness: the test was carried out using a portable thickness gauge (model YG142, Ningbo textile Instrument Mill).
(3) Air permeability: the test was carried out using an air permeability apparatus (FX 3300, TEXTEST, Switzerland) with a fixed differential pressure of 200 Pa.
(4) Pore diameter: the porosity of the material was measured using a capillary flow pore size tester (CFP-1100-A, PMI, USA).
(5) Initial filtration efficiency of 0.3 μm: the method adopts an automatic filter material detector (TSI 8130, TSI company in America) for determination, and determines according to the conditions specified in GB 19083-;
(6) dust holding amount of the particles: measured by a filter dust holding test device (MFP 3000, Palas, Germany), the test method is specified according to ISO 5011, the pollutant is A2 ash, and the ash concentration is 1000mg/m3The surface flow rate was 11.1cm/s, and the pressure difference was 2000 Pa.
(7) Oil/ash mixture dust holding amount: the measurement was carried out using a filter dust holding test apparatus (MFP 3000, Palas, Germany) in accordance with ISO 5011. The pollutant is a mixture of liquid particle DEHS and solid particle A2 ash, and the ash concentration is 1000mg/m3The surface flow rate was 11.1cm/s, and the pressure difference was 2000 Pa.
(8) Back flushing performance: the filter material dynamic and static tester (AFC 131, German TOPAS) is adopted to test by referring to the standard VDI3926, the test dust is ISO A2 fine ash, and the ash concentration is 1g/m3Surface flow velocity of 11.1cm/s and test flow of 7m3H, test area 176cm2When the resistance reaches 2000Pa, the pulse back-blowing valve is opened for 60ms, and the blowing pressure of 300KPa is used for back-blowing and ash removal, and the circulation is carried out for 10 times. Further, GB/T6719 shows the ratio of the mass of dust peeled from the filter medium at the time of cleaning to the mass of dust accumulated on the sample before cleaning by the peel rate K: (P-Pi)/(P-P0) × 100%
The filters of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were tested according to the methods described in the above (1) to (6), and the test results are shown in Table 1. To further investigate the filtration performance of the filters, the surface filter materials of example 5 and comparative examples 4 to 5 were tested according to the methods described in (7) to (8) above, and the test results are shown in FIG. 6 and Table 2.
TABLE 1 basic Properties of the Filter materials
Figure RE-GDA0002397124290000171
The dust holding amounts of the surface filter materials of example 5 and comparative examples 4 to 5 for the putty compound are compared with each other in fig. 6, in which fig. 6(a) shows the dust holding amount of the surface filter material of example 5 for the putty compound, fig. 6(b) shows the dust holding amount of the surface filter material of comparative example 4 for the putty compound, and fig. 6(c) shows the dust holding amount of the surface filter material of comparative example 5 for the putty compound.
The blowback performance of the surface filter materials of example 5 and comparative examples 4-5 is compared in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 comparison table of blowback performance of three materials
Figure RE-GDA0002397124290000172
Figure RE-GDA0002397124290000181
Wherein F01 represents the microglass fiber composite of example 5, F02 represents the electrospun nanofiber composite of comparative example 4, and F03 represents the meltblown nonwoven composite of comparative example 5.
According to the experimental data of the invention, under the same quantitative condition, compared with the filtering material prepared by mixing the conventional wood pulp fiber/superfine fiber on the market, the surface filtering material prepared by coating the superfine fiber on the surface of the base material can obviously improve the filtering efficiency and the service life of the filtering material. In addition, the surface filter material prepared by the method can improve the filtering performance of the material and obviously reduce the energy consumption in the preparation process of the material, such as the water consumption.
Further, when the cross-sections of the surface filter materials prepared in example 1 and comparative example 3 were observed by an electron scanning microscope, it was found that the ultrafine fiber filtration layer was formed in the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material of the present invention (fig. 3), whereas the filter material of comparative example 3 had no significant ultrafine fiber filtration layer because the ultrafine fiber layer was mixed with the base material seriously (fig. 2). Therefore, the process of one-step molding by utilizing multiple flow channels is not suitable for preparing the surface nanofiber layer filtering material with low quantitative, and the filtering material prepared by the method can fully exert the advantages of the superfine fiber filtering layer.
Finally, under the same quantitative condition, compared with the electrostatic spinning nanofiber composite filter material and the melt-blown non-woven fabric composite filter material in the prior art, the air permeability of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is similar to that of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material (namely, the difference of the filter resistance is not large), but the initial efficiency and the dust holding capacity of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material are superior to those of the conventional electrostatic spinning nanofiber composite filter material and melt-blown non-woven fabric composite filter material in terms of 0.3 mu m. Therefore, the filter material prepared by selecting an appropriate fiber type and by the method of the present invention can achieve or improve the particle filtration efficiency and dust holding capacity of the surface filter material (comparative example 4) and the depth filter material (comparative example 5). In addition, under the condition that the particle filtering efficiency and the dust holding capacity are similar, the oil-ash mixed dust holding capacity of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material is superior to that of the conventional electrostatic spinning nanofiber composite filtering material and melt-blown non-woven fabric composite filtering material. In a back blowing test, the stripping rate of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material is lower than that of the conventional electrostatic spinning nanofiber composite filter material. Therefore, the comprehensive filtering performance of the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material prepared by the method is higher than that of an electrostatic spinning surface filtering material and a non-woven fabric deep layer filtering material, and the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material can better adapt to various actual working conditions.

Claims (10)

1. The high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material comprises a base material and a superfine fiber coating coated on the surface of the base material, wherein no obvious mixing area exists between the base material and the superfine fiber coating;
preferably, the non-mixing area between the base material and the superfine fiber coating is displayed under an electron microscope with the power of more than or equal to 300 times, and further preferably, the non-mixing area between the base material and the superfine fiber coating is displayed under an electron microscope with the power of less than or equal to 3000 times.
2. The high efficiency low resistivity surface filter material of claim 1 wherein the substrate comprises plant fibers and/or non-plant fibers;
preferably, the plant fiber is selected from one or more of wood pulp fiber, grass fiber, cotton fiber and hemp fiber; more preferably wood pulp fibers;
preferably, the plant fibers are flash-dried wood pulp fibers and/or mercerized wood pulp fibers, further preferably, the plant fibers are hardwood flash-dried pulp fibers and/or softwood flash-dried pulp fibers;
preferably, the average diameter of the plant fibers is 5 to 40 μm.
3. The high efficiency low resistance surface filter material of claim 1 or 2, wherein the non-plant fiber is selected from one or more of nylon fiber, polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber, aramid fiber, acrylic fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, tencel fiber, Richcel fiber, glass fiber and bonding fiber;
preferably, the non-plant fibers are polyester fibers and/or glass fibers;
preferably, the non-plant fibres have an average diameter of 1-25 μm, more preferably 5-20 μm.
4. A high efficiency low resistance surface filter material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the basis weight of the substrate is 10 to 200g/m2More preferably 80 to 120g/m2。
5. The high efficiency low resistivity surface filter material of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microfiber coating layer comprises fibrillated fibers and/or micro fiberglass glass wool;
preferably, the fibrillated fibers are fibers capable of producing fibrils, for example, the fibrillated fibers are selected from one or more of tencel fibers, richcel fibers, aramid fibers, and polyacrylonitrile fibers; further preferably para-aramid fibers and/or lyocell fibers;
preferably, the fibrillated fibers have a freeness of 70-90 ° SR, further preferably 80 ° SR;
preferably, the diameter of the fiber of the micro glass fiber glass cotton is 0.1-3 μm, and the beating degree is 15-80 DEG SR.
6. The high efficiency low resistivity surface filter material of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the ultra high resistivity surface filter materialThe fine fiber coating has a basis weight of 0.1-5g/m2More preferably 0.5 to 3g/m2Further preferably 2g/m2；
Preferably, the mean pore size of the ultrafine fibrous coating is 0.1 to 5 μm;
further preferably, the microfiber coating layer is applied to the surface of the substrate by curtain coating.
7. A method of making a high efficiency low resistivity surface filter material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
(1) preparing superfine fiber coating raw materials: pulping the fibrillated fibers to prepare fully fibrillated pulp; uniformly dispersing the fully fibrillated pulp or the micro glass fiber glass wool or the mixture of the fully fibrillated pulp and the micro glass fiber glass wool in a dispersing solvent to form a suspension with the concentration of 0.05 per mill to 1 percent, preferably 0.05 percent to 0.5 percent;
(2) preparation of the substrate: mixing plant fiber and/or non-plant fiber raw materials with water in a pulp tank, diluting the mixture to an online concentration of 0.01 to 0.5 percent, preferably 0.05 percent (mass ratio of the total amount of the added fiber to the water) by using a fan pump after defibering and dispersing, respectively feeding the diluted pulp into a pulp flowing box, and making the pulp into a base material;
(3) conveying the suspension prepared in the step (1) to a curtain coater through a pump, and then coating the suspension on the surface of the substrate prepared in the step (2) conveyed by a net part;
(4) drying the paper coated with the superfine fiber coating obtained in the step (3) by a drying cylinder at the temperature of 100-140 ℃ to obtain raw paper of the surface filter material;
(5) enabling the raw paper of the surface filtering material obtained in the step (4) to pass through a glue applying part, adopting reinforced resin to carry out roller glue applying process treatment, and then carrying out secondary drying, curing, corrugation pressing treatment and reeling to obtain the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filtering material;
preferably, in step (1), the fibrillated fibers are selected from fibers capable of producing fibrils, for example, from one or more of tencel fibers, richcel fibers, aramid fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers; further preferred are para-aramid fibers and/or lyocell fibers.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step (1) the fibrillated fibers have a freeness of 70-90 ° SR, further preferably 80 ° SR; preferably, in the step (1), the fiber diameter of the micro glass fiber glass wool is 0.1-3 μm, and the beating degree is 15-80 ° SR.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, in the step (3), the ultrafine fiber coating has a basis weight of 0.1-5g/m2Preferably 0.5 to 3g/m2Further preferably 2g/m2；
Preferably, in the step (3), the pump is a screw pump, and the flow rate of the suspension is determined according to the vehicle speed, the width, the superfine fiber coating ration and the concentration of the suspension; further preferably, the flow rate of the suspension is determined according to the following formula:
Q＝GWV/C，
wherein Q-suspension flow, L/min; g-ultrafine fiber coating quantitative, G/m2(ii) a W-width, m; v, vehicle speed m/min; c-concentration, g/L.
10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the high-efficiency low-resistance surface filter material obtained in the step (5) has no obvious mixing area between the substrate and the superfine fiber coating.
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CN116446218A (en) * 2023-04-19 2023-07-18 华南理工大学 Efficient air filter paper and preparation method and application thereof
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CN114673031A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-06-28 山东仁丰特种材料股份有限公司 Preparation method of high-performance air filter paper for heavy-duty vehicle
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CN117071331A (en) * 2023-09-25 2023-11-17 陕西科技大学 Efficient low-resistance multilayer air filter paper and preparation method and application thereof

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