CN112913985A - Laying hen laying period feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Laying hen laying period feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112913985A CN112913985A CN202110261535.4A CN202110261535A CN112913985A CN 112913985 A CN112913985 A CN 112913985A CN 202110261535 A CN202110261535 A CN 202110261535A CN 112913985 A CN112913985 A CN 112913985A
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Abstract
The application provides a laying hen laying period feed and a preparation method thereof. The laying hen laying period feed comprises 30.5-2 parts of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, 1-3 parts of compound vitamin, 3-6 parts of mineral elements, 2-5 parts of compound enzyme preparation, 25-40 parts of feed additive, 20-35 parts of rice hull powder, 15-30 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 6-15 parts of salt. The feed for laying hens in the laying period can solve the problem of proctoptosis of the laying hens in the feeding process, improve the strength of eggshells and greatly reduce the egg breaking rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chicken feed preparation, in particular to a laying hen laying period feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The laying hens are chickens which are raised to produce eggs exclusively, and different from meat chickens, the main subjects of people raising laying hens are to improve the quality of eggs and to maintain or improve the egg yield, but not to improve the quality of chicken. Eggs are a major income source for raising laying hens.
However, the existing laying hens are easy to have rectocele in the feeding process, and the rectocele means that a cloaca or an oviduct of the laying hens cannot be normally retracted and turn outwards after laying eggs, and a part of the cloaca or the oviduct is left outside the anus. The disease is mostly seen in the early or full-term period after the birth, and is mostly seen in high-yield chickens, the disease incidence is 1% -2%, and the disease incidence of some chickens is as high as 3% -5%. If the prevention is not timely, great economic loss can be caused. One of the important reasons for proctoptosis is the skeletal dysplasia caused by improper nutrition level of the layer feed. Meanwhile, the laying hen feed has poor nutrition level, is easy to cause poor skeleton development of laying hens, particularly poor long bone development, has small amount of stored calcium, and causes insufficient calcium when eggshells are formed at night, so that the eggshell quality is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the laying hen feed for the laying period and the preparation method thereof, wherein the laying hen feed can improve the proctoptosis problem of laying hens in the feeding process and the eggshell strength.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the laying hen feed comprises the following components in parts by mass:
in one embodiment, the multivitamin is at least one of vitamin a, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E, and vitamin K3.
In one embodiment, the mineral element is high selenium poultry ore.
In one embodiment, the complex enzyme preparation is at least one of high-temperature resistant phytase and complex enzyme.
In one embodiment, the feed additive is at least one of DL-methionine, 50% choline chloride and zeolite powder.
In one embodiment, the laying hen laying period feed further comprises the following components in parts by mass:
0.5 to 2 portions of probiotics.
In one embodiment, the laying hen laying period feed further comprises the following components in parts by mass:
2.5 to 5 portions of mildew removing agent.
In one embodiment, the laying hen laying period feed further comprises the following components in parts by mass:
3-6 parts of baking soda.
In one embodiment, the laying hen laying period feed further comprises the following components in parts by mass:
20 to 35 portions of stone powder.
A preparation method of a feed for laying hens in the laying period comprises the following steps:
rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, vitamin complex, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate are mixed according to the ratio of (20-35): (0.5-2): (3-6): (15-30) carrying out premixing operation according to the mass ratio to obtain a premix;
and (3) mixing the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent according to the ratio of (2-5): (25-40): (6-15): (30-60) sequentially adding the components into the premix in a mass ratio, and stirring to obtain a stirred mixture;
granulating the stirred mixture to obtain a granular feed;
and sieving and grading the granular feed to obtain the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the components of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period comprise rice hull powder, compound vitamins, mineral elements, a feed additive and calcium hydrophosphate, so that the nutrition level of the laying hens in the laying period can be effectively improved, the skeleton development of the laying hens is good, and for example, the mineral elements can effectively improve the skeleton density of the laying hens, so that the skeleton strength is enhanced. Meanwhile, the mineral elements, the calcium hydrogen phosphate and other components have synergistic effect, so that the skeletal development of the laying hens can be comprehensively promoted, the skeletal strength of the laying hens is enhanced, the skeletons are uniform, the laying channel of the laying hens is more stable, and the proctoptosis phenomenon is effectively prevented.
2. The feed for laying hens in the laying period comprises 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 which can be converted into 1-25-dihydroxyl D3 in the laying hens, and after the 1-25-dihydroxyl D3 is conveyed to the mucosa of the small intestine, the feed can promote the absorption of calcium which is specially used for vitamin D and induce the synthesis of calcium protein in the small intestine, thereby improving the strength of eggshells and greatly reducing the egg breakage rate. In addition, the 1-25-dihydroxy D3 is delivered to bones to promote the concentration of calcium, so as to promote the development of the bones and further prevent the occurrence of proctoptosis.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the feed for laying hens in the laying period in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The application provides a feed for laying hens in the laying period. The laying hen laying period feed comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30.5 to 2 portions of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, 1 to 3 portions of compound vitamin, 3 to 6 portions of mineral elements, 2 to 5 portions of compound enzyme preparation, 25 to 40 portions of feed additive, 20 to 35 portions of rice hull powder, 15 to 30 portions of calcium hydrophosphate and 6 to 15 portions of salt.
The components of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period comprise rice hull powder, compound vitamins, mineral elements, a feed additive and calcium hydrophosphate, so that the nutrition level of the laying hens in the laying period can be effectively improved, the skeleton development of the laying hens is good, and for example, the mineral elements can effectively improve the skeleton density of the laying hens, so that the skeleton strength is enhanced. Meanwhile, the mineral elements, the calcium hydrogen phosphate and other components have synergistic effect, so that the skeletal development of the laying hens can be comprehensively promoted, the skeletal strength of the laying hens is enhanced, the skeletons are uniform, the laying channel of the laying hens is more stable, and the proctoptosis phenomenon is effectively prevented. The application also comprises that the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 can be converted into 1-25-dihydroxy D3 in the laying hen body, and after the 1-25-dihydroxy D3 is conveyed to the mucosa of the small intestine, the calcium absorption which is specific to the vitamin D can be promoted, and the synthesis of calcium protein in the small intestine can be induced, so that the strength of the eggshell is improved, and the egg breaking rate is greatly reduced. In addition, the 1-25-dihydroxy D3 is delivered to bones to promote the concentration of calcium, so as to promote the development of the bones and further prevent the occurrence of proctoptosis.
In order to better understand the laying hen laying period feed of the invention, the following further explains the laying hen laying period feed of the invention, and the laying hen laying period feed of an embodiment comprises 30.5-2 parts of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, 1-3 parts of compound vitamin, 3-6 parts of mineral elements, 2-5 parts of compound enzyme preparation, 25-40 parts of feed additive, 20-35 parts of rice hull powder, 15-30 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 6-15 parts of salt.
In the feed for laying hens in the laying period, the 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 can be converted into 1-25-dihydroxy D3 in the laying hens, and the 1-25-dihydroxy D3 can be conveyed to the mucous membrane of the small intestine, so that the absorption of calcium with the specific action of the vitamin D can be promoted, the synthesis of calcium protein in the small intestine can be induced, the strength of eggshells can be improved, and the egg breaking rate can be greatly reduced. In addition, the 1-25-dihydroxy D3 is delivered to bones to promote the concentration of calcium, so as to promote the development of the bones and further prevent the occurrence of proctoptosis. Compared with vitamin D3, 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 is more easily absorbed by intestinal tract, enters blood circulation more easily, and has higher bioactivity, and 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 can promote calcium and phosphorus absorption and keep bone healthy.
Multivitamins refer to vitamin preparations containing multiple vitamins. Although various vitamins are not raw materials for constituting animal bodies and do not supply heat energy, the vitamins play irreplaceable roles in regulating substance metabolism, energy conversion and physiological functions of the animal bodies. In the past, various vitamins required by the growth and development of farmhouse chickens are met by feeding green feeds. However, the vitamin content in various green feeds is not balanced and not necessarily comprehensive, and especially in the off season lacking the green feeds, the balanced supply of various vitamins cannot be ensured, so that the growth and the development of laying hens and the laying rate are influenced. The feed for the laying hens in the laying period of the embodiment can effectively improve the nutritional level of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period by adding 1-3 parts by mass of the compound vitamin, so that the laying rate is improved. In addition, the vitamin D complex contains vitamin D, the vitamin D and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 are cooperated for synergism, calcium absorption which is specially used for the vitamin D can be promoted, and the synthesis of calcium protein in small intestine is induced, so that the strength of eggshell is improved, and the egg breaking rate is greatly reduced.
The mineral elements are the components forming the body tissue, can regulate the balance of body fluid such as blood and lymph fluid, ensure the stability of the pH value of the blood and participate in the metabolic process of body cells. When the laying hens lack certain mineral elements or the content of certain mineral elements in the feed greatly exceeds the requirement of the laying hens, certain symptoms are generated slightly, production is not facilitated, and death is caused seriously. The feed for the laying hens in the laying period of the embodiment can effectively ensure the stability of the pH value of blood and maintain the metabolism balance in vivo by adding 3-6 parts by mass of mineral elements. Meanwhile, 3-6 parts of mineral elements in the embodiment can meet the requirement of high mineral demand of laying hens in barn feeding, cage culture and high-yield conditions, so that the body function and the laying rate of the laying hens in the laying period are improved.
The complex enzyme preparation can destroy plant cell walls, eliminate anti-nutritional factors of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period in the embodiment, improve the digestibility of the feed and achieve the effect of opening source and throttling of feed resources. Meanwhile, the compound enzyme preparation can improve the intestinal microbial system of the laying hens and improve the egg laying performance of the laying hens. In the embodiment, the feed for the laying hens in the laying period further comprises a feed additive, so that the nutritional ingredients required by the laying hens in the laying period can be further supplemented, and the laying performance of the laying hens is improved. Furthermore, the feed for the laying hens in the laying period in the embodiment also comprises calcium hydrogen phosphate, the calcium hydrogen phosphate plays a role in supplementing calcium and phosphorus in the feed for the laying hens in the laying period, calcium is a main component of bones and eggshells, and the calcium plays an important role in maintaining normal heart functions and maintaining normal physiological activities of nerves and muscles. Phosphorus is also the main component of bones, has a high content in visceral organs and related somatic cells of chickens, and is essential for promoting carbohydrate and fat metabolism in vivo, promoting calcium absorption and maintaining acid-base balance in vivo. In addition, calcium hydrogen phosphate and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 can act synergistically, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 enables calcium and phosphorus elements in the calcium hydrogen phosphate to be absorbed and utilized more easily in the bodies of the laying hens, so that the development of bones is promoted, and the proctoptosis phenomenon is further prevented. Meanwhile, the strength of the eggshell can be effectively improved, and the egg breaking rate is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the feed for laying hens in the laying period in the embodiment further comprises rice hull powder and salt, and insufficient supply of the salt is easy to cause dyspepsia and anorexia of the hens, slow growth and development, even neurological symptoms, and easy to cause an anus pecking phenomenon for group-raising laying hens. The embodiment comprises 6 to 15 parts of salt by mass, so that the feed for the laying hens in the laying period is easier to digest in the laying hens, the health condition of the laying hens in the laying period is improved, and the laying rate of the laying hens is increased.
In one embodiment, the multivitamin is at least one of vitamin a, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E, and vitamin K3. It is understood that vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin A has various physiological functions of promoting growth and reproduction, maintaining normal secretion of bones, epithelial tissues, vision and mucous epithelium, and the like, and vitamin A and analogues thereof have the effect of preventing precancerous lesions. Vitamin B2 is a water-soluble vitamin required by the health and normal growth of the laying hen body, vitamin B2 is involved in vivo biological oxidation and energy metabolism, is related to the metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, nucleic acid and fat, and can improve the utilization rate of the body to the protein, promote the growth and development and maintain the integrity of skin and cell membranes. Vitamin B2 mainly affects peripheral nerves of laying hens, and when vitamin B2 is in the feed of the laying hens, the appetite of the laying hens is reduced, and the peripheral nerves of the laying hens are damaged, such as swelling, demyelination and claw curl. In addition, vitamin B2 also has certain influence on egg laying performance of laying hens. Vitamin B6 is a generic name for pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine, and the deficiency of vitamin B6 in laying hens leads to amino acid metabolism disorders. In layers, a decrease in metabolic activity results in a decrease in egg production, and in breeders, embryos die during the second week of incubation, thereby decreasing the hatchability of the hatching eggs. Vitamin B12 is also called cobalamin or cyanocobalamin, and is a B-group vitamin composed of porphyrin compounds containing cobalt. The vitamin B12 participates in the metabolism of protein, fat and carbohydrate in the laying hens, and can promote the growth and development of the laying hens and improve the feed conversion rate. The vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin, comprises tocopherols and tocotrienols, and can improve the immunoregulation capability of the laying hens and improve the immunity and the egg laying performance of the laying hens. In addition, vitamin E can also play a role of an antioxidant and can protect vitamin A and some unsaturated fat in the feed from being oxidized. The vitamin K3 is the basis of vitamin K dependent protein activation, and the vitamin K3 added into the feed for the laying hens in the laying period can enable the feed to have the blood coagulation function, promote the sugar metabolism of organisms, inhibit atherosclerosis and directly play a nutritional role in the laying hens. In the embodiment, the compound vitamin is a compound of vitamin a, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E and vitamin K3, and the nutrition level of the feed for laying hens in the laying period can be effectively improved through the compatibility and synergism of the vitamin a, the vitamin B2, the vitamin B6, the vitamin B12, the vitamin E and the vitamin K3, so that the body performance and the egg laying performance of the laying hens are improved.
In one embodiment, the mineral element is high selenium poultry ore. The high-selenium poultry ore contains various mineral trace elements such as ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, calcium iodate and the like, can meet the requirement of daily growth and development of poultry on the trace elements, can balance the nutritional requirement of organisms for laying hens, enhances the disease resistance and improves the production performance. In the embodiment, 3-6 parts by mass of the high-selenium poultry ore is added into the feed for the laying hens in the laying period, so that the stability of the pH value of blood and the maintenance of metabolic balance in vivo can be effectively ensured, and the requirement of high mineral demand of the laying hens in barn feeding, cage culture and high-yield conditions can be met, so that the body function and the laying rate of the laying hens in the laying period are improved.
In order to improve the intestinal microbial system of the laying hens and improve the egg laying performance of the laying hens, in one embodiment, the compound enzyme preparation is at least one of high-temperature-resistant phytase and compound enzyme. It can be understood that phytase is a protein, which is sensitive to temperature, and is easily inactivated by processing temperature, humidity, pressure and the like during the production and processing of pellet feed, resulting in poor product performance. In this example, the complex enzyme preparation includes a high temperature resistant phytase that is resistant to high temperature granulation. The high temperature resistant phytase is firstly screened out to produce high temperature phytase strains, simultaneously the enzyme activity is ensured under the low temperature environment when in use, and then the high temperature resistant phytase is subjected to genetic engineering modification to be suitable for industrial production. Secondly, according to the principle of protein self-splicing, the N-terminal and the C-terminal of the phytase coding gene are respectively connected with the N-terminal and the C-terminal of a protein intron to construct a fusion gene expression vector, and after induced expression, cyclized phytase is formed under specific conditions through the self-shearing action of the intron, and compared with linear protein, the cyclized protein reduces the variability of conformation, so that the enzyme is in an active conformation, and the high-temperature resistant phytase has better stability, higher enzyme activity and stronger substrate binding and decomposing capacities. Furthermore, the compound enzyme preparation is high-temperature resistant phytase and compound enzyme, so that the anti-nutritional factors of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period can be better eliminated, the digestibility of the feed is improved, and the effect of opening source and throttling of feed resources is achieved. Meanwhile, the compound enzyme preparation can improve the intestinal microbial system of the laying hens and improve the egg laying performance of the laying hens.
In one embodiment, the feed additive is at least one of DL-methionine, 50% choline chloride and zeolite powder. It is understood that the lack of methionine in layers is likely to cause dysplasia, weight loss, decreased liver and kidney function and muscle atrophy. DL-methionine plays the role of a nutrition enhancer in the feed of the laying hens in the laying period and can make up the amino acid balance in the feed. DL-methionine is also one of the essential amino acids for the growth of laying hens, is the 'skeleton' amino acid of biosynthetic protein, and has strong regulating effect on the metabolism of the laying hens. The 50% choline chloride serving as a feed additive for the laying hens in the laying period can prevent fat accumulation and tissue degeneration in livers and kidneys, promote recombination of amino acids and improve the utilization rate of the amino acids, particularly essential amino acid methionine in vivo. The main component of the zeolite powder is silicon dioxide, and the zeolite powder has a spacious structure and a plurality of crystal holes and pore paths which are arranged orderly. Zeolite powders contain a large number of ions and are quite reactive. In this embodiment, the zeolite powder can be used as a good carrier of mineral elements, so as to further promote the growth and development of the laying hens and improve the body performance of the laying hens. In addition, the zeolite powder can be cooperated with other components in the laying period of the laying hens, so that the intestinal mucosa thickness of the laying hens is increased, intestinal glands are developed, the digestive function of the laying hens is increased, and the quantity of digestive enzymes secreted by gastrointestinal gland can be increased, thereby facilitating the full absorption of the nutrient components of the feed. In the embodiment, the feed additive is DL-methionine, 50% choline chloride and zeolite powder, so that the nutrition level of the feed for laying hens in the laying period can be enhanced, the utilization rate of amino acid in the laying hens is improved, and the digestion function of the laying hens is improved.
In order to improve the immunity and disease resistance of the laying hens, promote the growth of the laying hens and improve the feed conversion rate, in one embodiment, the laying hen laying period feed further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5 to 2 portions of probiotics. It is understood that the prebiotic is a bioactive preparation made of living microorganisms, and the prebiotic can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, form a dominant flora or prevent diseases by enhancing the nonspecific immune function through the competitive exclusion of animal digestive tract organisms, thereby promoting the growth of laying hens and improving the feed conversion rate. In this embodiment, the feed for laying hens in the laying period further comprises 1 part by mass of probiotics, which can effectively promote the activities of interferon and macrophage, and stimulate the humoral immunity and cellular immunity of the body by promoting B cells to produce antibodies, phagocytosis and the like, so as to improve the immunity and disease resistance of the body of the laying hens, promote the growth of the laying hens and improve the feed conversion rate. In addition, the probiotics can reduce the odor of the excrement of the laying hens and reduce the generation of harmful gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like, thereby improving the environmental quality of the animal house and reducing the occurrence of respiratory diseases.
In order to prevent the feed for the laying hens from mildewing due to excessive water or improper storage and avoid various damages of the laying hens caused by mycotoxin, in one embodiment, the feed for the laying hens in the laying period further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2.5 to 5 portions of mildew removing agent. It is understood that the feeding mildew feed can induce diseases such as bursa of fabricius, Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, infectious laryngotracheitis and egg drop syndrome, and is easy to cause the problem of low laying rate. In this embodiment, the laying hen laying period feed further comprises 3 parts by mass of a mold removal agent, and the mold removal agent can effectively adsorb, inactivate and degrade various mycotoxins, so that the laying hen laying period feed is prevented from mildewing due to excessive water or improper storage, and various damages of laying hens due to mycotoxins are avoided. Furthermore, the mildew removing agent is montmorillonite which has good adsorbability and gel property, and after adsorbing pathogenic factors, the montmorillonite is discharged together with excrement and completely does not enter blood, so that the mildew removing agent has good safety, no withdrawal period, no toxic or side effect and no drug resistance. In addition, the montmorillonite has strong covering capacity on digestive tract mucosa, can protect the mucosa, adsorb various viruses, bacteria and other mycotoxins, can treat esophagitis, gastritis and peptic ulcer, and particularly has obvious curative effect on diarrhea caused by various reasons.
In order to increase the laying rate of the laying hens and effectively improve the quality of eggshells, in one embodiment, the laying hen laying period feed further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 3-6 parts of baking soda. It can be understood that the problems of abnormal toes and pleurisy easily occur in the feeding process of the laying hens. Particularly in hot summer, the laying hens accelerate breathing for removing excessive body heat, so that excessive carbon dioxide is discharged, carbonate in blood is reduced correspondingly, the main component calcium carbonate in eggshells cannot be ensured sufficiently, the quality of the eggshells is reduced, and the proportion of soft preserved eggs and thin eggshells is obviously increased. In this case, simple calcium supplementation is not a problem because the blood is still deficient in carbonate ions and insufficient calcium carbonate is formed. In this embodiment, the feed for laying hens in the laying period further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 3-6 parts of baking soda, wherein the baking soda can supplement carbonate ions, so that the laying rate of the laying hens is effectively improved, and the quality of eggshells is effectively improved. Furthermore, the baking soda is 3 parts by mass, and the amount of the salt is correspondingly reduced, so that the laying hens are prevented from ingesting excessive sodium.
In one embodiment, the laying hen feed further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20 to 35 portions of stone powder. It is understood that 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 can be converted into 1-25-dihydroxy D3 and 1-25-dihydroxy D3 in laying hens, and after the calcium is delivered to small intestine mucosa, the calcium absorption of vitamin D, which is specific to the calcium, can be promoted, and the synthesis of calcium protein in small intestine can be induced, so that the strength of eggshell is improved, and the egg breaking rate is greatly reduced. In addition, the 1-25-dihydroxy D3 is delivered to bones to promote the concentration of calcium, so as to promote the development of the bones and further prevent the occurrence of proctoptosis. In order to further improve the laying rate and the egg quality of the laying hens, in the embodiment, the laying hen laying period feed further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-35 parts of stone powder, wherein the stone powder has high calcium content, and can supplement calcium and phosphorus to regulate the normal functions of the organism and increase the content of calcium in the blood of the laying hens so as to facilitate the formation of eggshells when the stone powder is added into the feed for the laying hens in the laying period. And meanwhile, the friction is increased, so that the feed is ground in the muscular stomach to be convenient for the next absorption. Furthermore, the stone powder and the 1-25-dihydroxy D3 have synergistic effect, so that the calcium absorption of the laying hens can be improved, and the absorption utilization rate of the stone powder is improved.
In order to better understand the feed for the laying hens in the laying period, the application also provides a preparation method of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period. The preparation method of the laying hen feed comprises the following steps: rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate are mixed according to the weight ratio of (20-35): (0.5-2): (3-6): (15-30) carrying out premixing operation according to the mass ratio to obtain a premix; and (3) mixing the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent according to the ratio of (2-5): (25-40): (6-15): (30-60) sequentially adding the components into the premix in a mass ratio, and stirring to obtain a stirred mixture; granulating the stirred mixture to obtain a granular feed; and sieving and grading the granular feed to obtain the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
The preparation method of the laying hen laying period feed is simple, easy to operate and high in preparation efficiency, and the prepared laying hen laying period feed improves the problem of proctoptosis of laying hens in the feeding process, improves the skeleton density of the laying hens, enables the skeletons of the laying hens to be uniform, improves the strength and toughness of eggshells and greatly reduces the egg breaking rate.
In order to better understand the preparation method of the laying hen laying period feed of the present invention, the following further explains the preparation method of the laying hen laying period feed of the present invention, and the preparation method of the laying hen laying period feed of an embodiment comprises the following steps:
s100, mixing rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate according to the ratio of (20-35): (0.5-2): (3-6): (15-30) carrying out premixing operation to obtain a premix.
It can be understood that the laying period feed for the laying hens has more formula components and is easy to have the problem of uneven mixing in the preparation process, thereby influencing the performance of the laying period feed for the laying hens. In this example, rice hull powder, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, mineral elements, and calcium hydrogen phosphate were mixed in the following ratio (20 to 35): (0.5-2): (3-6): (15-30) performing premixing operation firstly, fully mixing the rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate uniformly, conveniently performing mixing operation on subsequently added components, and simultaneously mixing the rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate according to the mass ratio of (20-35): (0.5-2): (3-6): (15-30), the compatibility and synergism of the rice hull powder, the 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, the mineral elements and the calcium hydrophosphate can be realized, and the nutrition of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period is improved.
S200, mixing the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent according to the ratio of (2-5): (25-40): (6-15): (30-60) sequentially adding the components into the premix in a mass ratio, and stirring to obtain a stirred mixture.
It will be appreciated that after the premixing operation of rice hull flour, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, mineral elements and calcium hydrogen phosphate, a premix is obtained which is highly nutritious for laying hens in the laying period. In order to eliminate anti-nutritional factors of the feed for the premixed laying hens in the laying period and improve the digestibility of the feed and the laying performance of the laying hens. In this example, the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent were mixed in the following ratio (2-5): (25-40): (6-15): (30-60) are sequentially added into the premix according to the mass ratio, and stirring operation is carried out, so that the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent can be uniformly stirred with the premix, and the uniformity of the stirred mixture is improved. In addition, the complex enzyme preparation can destroy plant cell walls, eliminate anti-nutritional factors of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period, improve the digestibility of the feed and achieve the effect of opening sources and throttling of feed resources. Meanwhile, the compound enzyme preparation can improve the intestinal microbial system of the laying hens and improve the egg laying performance of the laying hens. The salt makes the feed for the laying hens in the laying period easier to digest in the laying hens, thereby improving the health condition of the laying hens in the laying period and increasing the laying rate of the laying hens. The feed additive can further improve the nutrition of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
And S300, granulating the stirred mixture to obtain the granular feed.
In this embodiment, the stirred mixture is placed in a granulator for granulation to obtain a granulated feed, thereby facilitating feeding of group-fed laying hens and feeding of laying hens.
S400, sieving and grading the granular feed to obtain the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
In this embodiment, after the mixing mixture is put into the granulator to complete the granulation operation, the granulated feed is re-crushed and sieved and classified, so as to obtain a uniform and granular feed for laying hens in the laying period, thereby facilitating the feeding of the laying hens.
In one embodiment, the stirring speed in the stirring operation is 200 rpm to 300 rpm. In this embodiment, the rice hull powder, the 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, the mineral elements and the calcium hydrogen phosphate are pre-mixed according to the mass ratio, and then the remaining complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent are sequentially added to the pre-mixture according to the ratio, and the stirring operation is performed at 200-300 rpm, so that the mixture can be rapidly and uniformly stirred, thereby effectively shortening the stirring time and improving the stirring efficiency.
Further, the stirring time in the stirring operation is 2 to 5 minutes. The complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent are mixed according to the ratio of (2-5): (25-40): (6-15): (30-60) are sequentially added into the premix according to the mass ratio, and stirring operation is carried out, so that the prepared laying hen feed has higher nutrition in the laying period. In this embodiment, the stirring time in the stirring operation is 2 minutes, which can ensure that the mixture is fully and uniformly stirred, and effectively reduce the redundant stirring time, thereby improving the production efficiency of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
In one embodiment, the granulation temperature in the granulation operation is from 75 ℃ to 105 ℃. It can be understood that in the preparation process of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period, the stirred mixture is put into a granulator for granulation operation to obtain the granular feed, so that the group-raising laying hens are conveniently fed, and the laying hens are conveniently fed with the feed. In order to further improve the quality of the granulated feed, in the present embodiment, the granulation temperature in the granulation operation is 85 ℃, so that the gelatinization degree of the stirred mixture can reach 95% or more, thereby facilitating the granulation operation of the stirred mixture and effectively improving the quality of the granulated feed.
Example 1
Rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, compound vitamin, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 20: 0.5: 3: 15, to obtain a premix. Then mixing the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent according to the ratio of 2: 25: 6: 30, and stirring at 200 rpm for 2 minutes. After the stirring operation was completed, the stirred mixture was put into a granulator to perform a granulation operation, in which the granulation temperature was 75 ℃. And after the granulated feed is obtained through granulation operation, sieving and grading the granulated feed to obtain the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
Example 2
Rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, vitamin complex, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 35: 2: 6: 30 mass ratio to obtain a premix. Then mixing the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent according to the ratio of 5: 40: 15: 60, and stirring at 300 rpm for 5 minutes. After the stirring operation was completed, the stirred mixture was put into a granulator to perform a granulation operation, in which the granulation temperature was 105 ℃. And after the granulated feed is obtained through granulation operation, sieving and grading the granulated feed to obtain the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
Example 3
Rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, compound vitamin, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 25: 1: 4: 20 mass ratio to obtain a premix. Then mixing the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent according to the ratio of 3: 30: 10: 40, and stirring at 250 rpm for 3 minutes. After the stirring operation was completed, the stirred mixture was put into a granulator to perform a granulation operation, in which the granulation temperature was 85 ℃. And after the granulated feed is obtained through granulation operation, sieving and grading the granulated feed to obtain the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
Example 4
Mixing rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, compound vitamin, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate according to the weight ratio of 26: 1.5: 5: 18, to obtain a premix. Then mixing the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent according to the ratio of 3: 30: 10: 45 are added to the premixture in sequence and stirred, wherein the stirring speed is 220 r/min and the stirring time is 4 min. After the stirring operation was completed, the stirred mixture was put into a granulator to perform a granulation operation, in which the granulation temperature was 90 ℃. And after the granulated feed is obtained through granulation operation, sieving and grading the granulated feed to obtain the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
The nutrition level of the laying hen eggs obtained by the feeding in the above examples is described by using the detection results, and the specific detection results are shown in table 1, wherein the detection methods of the detection items in table 1 all adopt GB 5009.168-2016 (second method):
TABLE 1
As is apparent from the results of the tests shown in table 1, the eggs obtained by feeding the hens fed with the feed for the laying period of example 1 to example 4 all contained alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and the contents of alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were the highest in the eggs obtained by feeding the hens fed with the feed for the laying period of example 1. It can be understood that the alpha-linolenic acid can obviously regulate the blood lipid balance of human bodies, effectively prevent cardiovascular diseases, reduce the incidence rate of coronary heart diseases, treat inflammatory diseases, and has the functions of improving vision, regulating immunity and delaying senility. The common eggs do not contain alpha-linolenic acid generally, the health-care eggs only contain a small amount of alpha-linolenic acid which accounts for about 1 percent of the total fat in the eggs, and one part of the eggs only contain 0.5 to 0.6 percent of the alpha-linolenic acid and the highest content is 1.2 percent. While the minimum alpha-linolenic acid content in examples 1 to 4 is 0.352g/100g and the fat content of the eggs is about 11.1g/100g, i.e. the minimum alpha-linolenic acid content in examples 1 to 4 accounts for 3.2% of the total fat content in the eggs and is much higher than the alpha-linolenic acid content in health-care eggs. In addition, the minimum sum of the three indexes of a-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the above embodiment is 0.54g/100g in total of embodiment 1, and the standard of the sum of the three indexes of a-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the industry standard is 0.3g/100 g. Therefore, the sum of the three indexes of a-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the example 1 is higher than 80.2 percent of the industry standard. In summary, the feed for laying hens in the laying period provided by the application can improve the proctoptosis problem of the laying hens in the feeding process and the strength of eggshells, and can also improve the content of alpha-linolenic acid, the content of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in eggs and improve the nutritional level of the eggs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the components of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period comprise rice hull powder, compound vitamins, mineral elements, a feed additive and calcium hydrophosphate, so that the nutrition level of the laying hens in the laying period can be effectively improved, the skeleton development of the laying hens is good, and for example, the mineral elements can effectively improve the skeleton density of the laying hens, so that the skeleton strength is enhanced. Meanwhile, the mineral elements, the calcium hydrogen phosphate and other components have synergistic effect, so that the skeletal development of the laying hens can be comprehensively promoted, the skeletal strength of the laying hens is enhanced, the skeletons are uniform, the laying channel of the laying hens is more stable, and the proctoptosis phenomenon is effectively prevented.
2. The feed for laying hens in the laying period comprises 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 which can be converted into 1-25-dihydroxyl D3 in the laying hens, and after the 1-25-dihydroxyl D3 is conveyed to the mucosa of the small intestine, the feed can promote the absorption of calcium which is specially used for vitamin D and induce the synthesis of calcium protein in the small intestine, thereby improving the strength of eggshells and greatly reducing the egg breakage rate. In addition, the 1-25-dihydroxy D3 is delivered to bones to promote the concentration of calcium, so as to promote the development of the bones and further prevent the occurrence of proctoptosis.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The feed for the laying hens in the laying period is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:
2. the laying hen egg-laying period feed of claim 1, wherein the vitamin complex is at least one of vitamin a, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E and vitamin K3.
3. The laying hen egg-laying period feed of claim 1 wherein the mineral element is high selenium poultry ore.
4. The laying hen egg producing period feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme preparation is at least one of high temperature resistant phytase and complex enzyme.
5. The laying hen egg-laying period feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed additive is at least one of DL-methionine, 50% choline chloride and zeolite powder.
6. The laying hen laying period feed as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the following components in parts by mass:
0.5 to 2 portions of probiotics.
7. The laying hen laying period feed as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the following components in parts by mass:
2.5 to 5 portions of mildew removing agent.
8. The laying hen laying period feed as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the following components in parts by mass:
3-6 parts of baking soda.
9. The laying hen laying period feed as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the following components in parts by mass:
20 to 35 portions of stone powder.
10. The preparation method of the feed for the laying hens in the laying period is characterized by comprising the following steps:
premixing rice hull powder, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, vitamin complex, mineral elements and calcium hydrophosphate according to the mass ratio of (20-35) to (0.5-2) to (3-6) to (15-30) to obtain a premix;
sequentially adding the complex enzyme preparation, the feed additive, the salt and the solvent into the premix according to the mass ratio of (2-5) to (25-40) to (6-15) to (30-60), and stirring to obtain a stirred mixture;
granulating the stirred mixture to obtain a granular feed;
and sieving and grading the granular feed to obtain the feed for the laying hens in the laying period.
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