CN112910325A - MTPA control method for built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC - Google Patents

MTPA control method for built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC Download PDF

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CN112910325A
CN112910325A CN202110059994.4A CN202110059994A CN112910325A CN 112910325 A CN112910325 A CN 112910325A CN 202110059994 A CN202110059994 A CN 202110059994A CN 112910325 A CN112910325 A CN 112910325A
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current
flux linkage
sampling period
torque
stator
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CN112910325B (en
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樊欣宇
桂卫华
阳春华
彭涛
陈志文
殷士才
杨超
陶宏伟
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Central South University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/08Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/14Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/22Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/022Synchronous motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/28Arrangements for controlling current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2205/00Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the control loops
    • H02P2205/01Current loop, i.e. comparison of the motor current with a current reference

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an MTPA control method for a DTC of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following steps of (1) judging the direction of stator flux linkage disturbance by comparing a predicted stator current with a stator current obtained by actual sampling; (2) calculating a variable sampling period by using the given torque difference; (3) and (2) improving the traditional disturbance observation search algorithm by utilizing the (1) and (2), obtaining a disturbance direction by applying an MTPA (maximum Transmission Power Amplifier) method to the flux linkage to reduce the stator current of the system, and realizing the fast and accurate MTPA control of the DTC of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor under the condition of uneven change of the given torque of the system.

Description

MTPA control method for built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of permanent magnet synchronous motor control, in particular to an MTPA control method for a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC, and particularly relates to a maximum torque-current ratio control method for direct torque control of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor based on a disturbance observation search algorithm under the condition of real-time change of given torque.
Background
Permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely used in various industrial applications, such as traction drive systems of electric vehicles and subways, due to their characteristics of high power density, high efficiency, and wide constant power speed range. In the permanent magnet synchronous motor, the permanent magnet of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor is positioned in the rotor, has the characteristics of high mechanical strength and strong armature reaction, and is suitable for a system running at a high speed.
The DTC (Direct torque control) method directly controls the electromagnetic torque and the stator flux linkage, can obtain a fast torque response in a dynamic process of acceleration and deceleration or load change, is simple and easy to implement, and is widely applied to various applications.
When DTCs are used in traction applications, it may not be possible to ensure optimal operation over the entire operating range, and MTPA (Maximum Torque to current Per amp, Maximum Torque to current ratio) control is necessary for the system to improve efficiency and power density. The main goal of the MTPA algorithm is to generate the required electromagnetic torque with minimal stator current, thereby minimizing motor copper losses.
The DTC method requires two inputs, a given electromagnetic torque and a given flux linkage, to enable the controller to track. Torque and magnetic flux have complex numerical relationships with current vectors, flux linkages, and inductance of permanent magnet motors. There have been many studies on MTPA and many methods can achieve MTPA, but all have their own drawbacks. Mainly comprises the following steps:
1) table lookup and curve fitting. And when the system is off-line, a table or a fitted curve is made according to the system parameters and the current given torque, and the table and the fitted curve are directly used when the system runs. However, the table lookup method is greatly affected by parameter changes, and it is necessary to assume that parameters such as stator resistance, inductance, permanent magnet flux linkage and the like are constant in the whole working range of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. Because of problems caused by working point change, magnetic saturation, cross saturation magnet degradation and the like in the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, the table look-up method cannot always ensure that the system is in the optimal working condition.
2) The signal injection method, the main principle is to inject high frequency signal, and extract the best MTPA working point according to the system response, including two types of actual signal injection and virtual signal injection, for example, the invention of patent document (publication number CN109617490A) is a MTPA method of virtual injection. The signal injection method mainly has the problems of low convergence speed and poor transient performance dynamic response. Especially, in the application of real-time change of the given torque, the position of the actual optimal flux linkage is constantly changed, and the signal injection method is difficult to achieve a good effect.
3) And (4) disturbing the observation search algorithm. An MTPA control method of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC based on disturbance observation search is proposed in a paper literature (An online observation fluoride searching for direct torque control of interference permanent magnet synchronous motors). The method determines the disturbance direction of the next-step flux linkage by disturbing the flux linkage and observing the corresponding current disturbance, so that the actual flux linkage working point is kept near the theoretical optimal flux linkage which minimizes the current. The disturbance observation search algorithm is a classic real-time search tracking method, has the main defects similar to a signal injection method, and can often cause the situation of wrong judgment of the disturbance direction in the application that the given torque is always unevenly changed.
In the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC, current can oscillate within a certain range due to hysteresis control. The input of the disturbance observation MTPA search algorithm is current, and current oscillation has great influence on the method for judging the direction of flux linkage disturbance, so that the sampling period is longer, but the tracking speed cannot be kept up easily due to the longer sampling period when the given torque changes.
Therefore, the method improves the disturbance observation search algorithm, solves the problem of disturbance judgment errors caused by the always-uneven change of the given torque, solves the problem of different requirements of different working conditions on sampling periods, and becomes the key for realizing the MTPA control of the DTC of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an MTPA control method for a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC, which can still realize the MTPA control of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC with high speed and high efficiency under the condition that the given torque is changed in real time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an MTPA control method for a DTC of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stator current I obtained by samplingkStator flux linkage psikAnd given electromagnetic torque Ts,kReading the stator current I of the previous sampling period from the system memoryk-1Stator current I of the first two sampling periodsk-2Stator flux linkage psi of previous sampling periodk-1And given electromagnetic torque T of the previous sampling periods,k-1
Step two: calculating a given torque difference dTs
dTs=Ts,k-Ts,k-1
By determining the constant torque difference dTsWhether the torque is larger than zero or not is determined whether the system is in a given torque-down condition or a given torque-up condition;
step three: predicting the stator current I of the current sampling periodexp=2*Ik-1-Ik-2The current is compared with the current actually sampled stator current IkComparing and judging the predicted stator current IexpWith actual sampled stator current IkWhether the difference of (c) exceeds a given threshold e, i.e.
Iexp-Ik≥∈
Step four: comprehensively obtaining the disturbance direction of the given flux linkage according to the judgment results of the second step and the third step;
step five: the stator current I of the previous sampling periodk-1Stator current I assigned to the first two sampling periodsk-2The stator current I of the current sampling period is comparedkStator current I assigned to the previous sampling periodk-1The stator flux linkage psi of the current sampling period is usedkAssigned to the stator flux linkage psi of the previous sampling periodk-1The given electromagnetic torque T of the current sampling periods,kAssigned to the given electromagnetic torque T of the preceding sampling periods,k-1
Step six: calculating the sampling period ST' without clipping:
Figure BDA0002901983270000031
wherein a is1,a2,a3A calculation coefficient representing a sampling period. And carrying out upper and lower limit amplitude limiting on ST' to obtain the sampling period ST of the next sampling of the MTPA method.
As a further improvement of the invention, the specific method for obtaining the disturbance direction of the given flux linkage in the step four is as follows:
1) under the working condition of torque rise, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is larger than a given threshold value, the direction of previous flux linkage disturbance is wrong, and the flux linkage value at the next moment is determined according to the opposite flux linkage disturbance direction;
2) under the working condition of torque rise, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is smaller than a given threshold value, the flux linkage disturbance direction at the previous time is correct, and the flux linkage value at the next moment is determined according to the same flux linkage disturbance direction;
3) under the working condition of torque reduction, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is larger than a given threshold value, the flux linkage disturbance direction at the previous time is correct, and the flux linkage value at the next moment is determined according to the same flux linkage disturbance direction;
4) under the torque drop working condition, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is smaller than a given threshold value, the direction of the previous flux linkage disturbance is wrong, and the flux linkage value at the next moment needs to be determined according to the opposite flux linkage disturbance direction.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the MTPA control method of the MTPA control of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC based on the disturbance observation search algorithm, the method is different from the MTPA control method of the MTPA control of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC based on the disturbance observation search algorithm, the method judges the direction of the stator flux linkage disturbance by comparing the predicted stator current with the actually sampled stator current, realizes that the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor can still realize the MTPA control under the condition of real-time change of the given torque, and solves the problem that the prior art wrongly judges the flux linkage disturbance direction when the given.
2. Different from the MTPA control method of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC based on the disturbance observation search algorithm, the method provided by the invention calculates the variable sampling period by using the given torque difference, and solves the problems that a longer sampling period is required for processing current oscillation when the given torque changes slowly, and a shorter sampling period is required for realizing quick tracking when the given torque changes quickly.
3. The MTPA control method of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC based on the improved disturbance observation search algorithm is simple in software and hardware realization, can realize fast and accurate MTPA control of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC under the condition that the given torque of the system is not uniformly changed, improves the fast response performance of the system, can effectively reduce the copper loss of the motor, and prolongs the service life of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the overall algorithm principle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings:
the invention provides an MTPA control method of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC based on an improved disturbance observation search algorithm, which is characterized in that the absolute value of the difference of two currents is compared to eliminate the current change caused by the given torque change of a system, so that the current change caused by flux linkage disturbance in a disturbance observation method is obtained; and the MTPA control of the built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor DTC is realized quickly and accurately under the real-time change condition that the given torque of the system is different in change rate by using the variable flux linkage step length calculated according to the given torque difference.
The overall algorithm principle flow of the invention is shown in fig. 1.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method comprises the following steps: stator current I obtained by samplingkStator flux linkage psikAnd given electromagnetic torque Ts,k. Reading stator current I of previous sampling period from system memoryk-1Stator current I of the first two sampling periodsk-2Stator flux linkage psi of previous sampling periodk-1And given electromagnetic torque T of the previous sampling periods,k-1
Step two: calculating a given torque difference dTs
dTs=Ts,k-Ts,k-1
By determining the constant torque difference dTsWhether it is greater than zero determines whether the system is in a given torque-down condition or a given torque-up condition.
Step three: predicting the stator current I of the current sampling periodexp=2*Ik-1-Ik-2The current is compared with the current actually sampled stator current IkA comparison is made. Determining the predicted stator current IexpWith actual sampled stator current IkWhether the difference exceeds a given threshold of 0.3, i.e.
Iexp-Ik≥0.3
Step four: and comprehensively obtaining the disturbance direction of the given flux linkage according to the judgment results of the step two and the step three.
1) Under the working condition of torque rise, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is larger than a given threshold value, the direction of previous flux linkage disturbance is wrong, and the flux linkage value at the next moment is determined according to the opposite flux linkage disturbance direction;
2) under the torque rise working condition, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is smaller than a given threshold value, the flux linkage disturbance direction at the previous time is correct, and the flux linkage value at the next moment needs to be determined according to the same flux linkage disturbance direction.
3) Under the torque drop working condition, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is larger than a given threshold value, the flux linkage disturbance direction at the previous time is correct, and the flux linkage value at the next moment needs to be determined according to the same flux linkage disturbance direction.
4) Under the working condition of torque reduction, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is smaller than a given threshold value, the direction of previous flux linkage disturbance is wrong, and the flux linkage value at the next moment is determined according to the opposite flux linkage disturbance direction;
step five: the stator current I of the previous sampling periodk-1Stator current I assigned to the first two sampling periodsk-2The stator current I of the current sampling period is comparedkStator current I assigned to the previous sampling periodk-1The stator flux linkage psi of the current sampling period is usedkAssigned to the stator flux linkage psi of the previous sampling periodk-1The given electromagnetic torque T of the current sampling periods,kAssigned to the given electromagnetic torque T of the preceding sampling periods,k-1
Step six: calculating the sampling period ST' without clipping:
ST′=0.012·|dTs|0.9+0.005
and carrying out upper and lower limit amplitude limiting on the sampling period ST ', wherein if the sampling period ST' is greater than 0.06, the sampling period ST of next sampling by the MTPA method is 0.06. If the sampling period ST' is less than 0.02, the sampling period ST of the next sampling by the MTPA method is 0.02.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any modifications or equivalent variations made according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims (2)

1. A MTPA control method for a DTC of a built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: stator current I obtained by samplingkStator flux linkage psikAnd given electromagnetic torque Te,kReading the stator current I of the previous sampling period from the system memoryk-1Stator current I of the first two sampling periodsk-2Stator flux linkage psi of previous sampling periodk-1Given electromagnetic torque T of the preceding sampling periode,k-1
Step two: calculating a given torque difference dTe
dTe=Te,k-Te,k-1
By determining the constant torque difference dTeWhether the torque is larger than zero or not is determined whether the system is in a given torque-down condition or a given torque-up condition;
step three: predicting the stator current I of the current sampling periodexp=2*Ik-1-Ik-2Comparing the current with the stator current Ik obtained by current actual sampling, and judging the predicted stator current IexpWith actual sampled stator current IkWhether the difference of (c) exceeds a given threshold e, i.e.
Iexp-Ik≥∈
Step four: comprehensively obtaining the disturbance direction of the given flux linkage according to the judgment results of the second step and the third step;
step five: the stator current I of the previous sampling periodk-1Stator current I assigned to the first two sampling periodsk-2The stator current I of the current sampling period is comparedkStator current I assigned to the previous sampling periodk-1The stator flux linkage psi of the current sampling period is usedkAssigned to the stator flux linkage psi of the previous sampling periodk-1The given electromagnetic torque T of the current sampling periode,kAssigned to the given electromagnetic torque T of the preceding sampling periode,k-1
Step six: calculating the sampling period ST' without clipping:
Figure FDA0002901983260000011
wherein a is1,a2,a3A calculation coefficient representing a sampling period. And carrying out upper and lower limit amplitude limiting on ST' to obtain the sampling period ST of the next sampling of the MTPA method.
2. The MTPA control method for the DTC of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the MTPA control method comprises the following steps: the specific method for obtaining the disturbance direction of the given flux linkage in the fourth step is as follows:
1) under the working condition of torque rise, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is larger than a given threshold value, the direction of previous flux linkage disturbance is wrong, and the flux linkage value at the next moment is determined according to the opposite flux linkage disturbance direction;
2) under the working condition of torque rise, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is smaller than a given threshold value, the flux linkage disturbance direction at the previous time is correct, and the flux linkage value at the next moment is determined according to the same flux linkage disturbance direction;
3) under the working condition of torque reduction, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is larger than a given threshold value, the flux linkage disturbance direction at the previous time is correct, and the flux linkage value at the next moment is determined according to the same flux linkage disturbance direction;
4) under the torque drop working condition, if the difference between the predicted current and the actual current is smaller than a given threshold value, the direction of the previous flux linkage disturbance is wrong, and the flux linkage value at the next moment needs to be determined according to the opposite flux linkage disturbance direction.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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US6184647B1 (en) * 1997-06-18 2001-02-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Method of estimating initial pole position of permanent magnet brushless motor
CN104796059A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-07-22 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 Current limiting control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor, direct torque control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor, and control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor
CN104935232A (en) * 2015-04-30 2015-09-23 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 PMSM direct torque control method and control system
CN109842336A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-06-04 江苏大学 A kind of fault-tolerant Direct Torque Control of five phase magneto one phase short circuit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE905002A (en) * 1985-06-28 1986-10-16 Kollmorgen Tech Corp BRUSHLESS ELECTRIC MOTORS, ESPECIALLY POLYPHASE MOTORS.
US6184647B1 (en) * 1997-06-18 2001-02-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Method of estimating initial pole position of permanent magnet brushless motor
CN104796059A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-07-22 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 Current limiting control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor, direct torque control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor, and control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor
CN104935232A (en) * 2015-04-30 2015-09-23 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 PMSM direct torque control method and control system
CN109842336A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-06-04 江苏大学 A kind of fault-tolerant Direct Torque Control of five phase magneto one phase short circuit

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