CN112908956A - Metal oxide/graphene composite fluid and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Metal oxide/graphene composite fluid and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005653 Brownian motion process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005537 brownian motion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005476 size effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/42—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or encapsulations selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
- H01L23/427—Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composite fluid comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 10-1: 1, a method of preparing the fluid comprising the steps of: (1) preparing a metal oxide nanofluid; (2) preparing graphene nanofluid; (3) mixing the metal oxide nanofluid and the graphene nanofluid in a grinding tank, and carrying out ball milling treatment on the mixture; (4) vibrating, dispersing and centrifuging the mixed fluid subjected to ball milling, and taking supernate to obtain a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid; the composite fluid has good stability and particle dispersibility, can ensure that the composite fluid can not be subjected to large-scale sedimentation within 20-30 days, has good heat conduction performance, has the thermal resistance of about 0.145 ℃/W, can be used as a heat-conducting fluid to be applied to a vacuum heat pipe, and has a simple preparation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite fluid and a preparation method and application thereof, and in particular relates to a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of microelectronic integration technology, the volumes of logic circuits and electronic components are greatly reduced, the working frequency is greatly improved, however, the heat generated by electronic components is rapidly accumulated, which easily causes the thermal failure of highly integrated chips, so the heat dissipation and cooling problems of chips have become research hotspots in the fields of microelectronics and heat dissipation. However, the conventional fluid does not consider the pore structure and the size of the nanoparticles, so that the conventional material has unstable particle dispersion and poor thermal conductivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid with good dispersibility and good heat conductivity, a preparation method of the composite fluid and application of the composite fluid.
The technical scheme is as follows: the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 10-1: 1 and a graphene nanofluid.
The particle size of the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid is 90-110 nm, the particle size of metal particles in the metal oxide nanofluid is 50-60 nm, the metal oxide nanofluid is zinc oxide nanofluid, and the concentration mass percentage of the total amount of the metal oxide and the graphene composite nanoparticles in the fluid is 0.05-1.5%.
The preparation method of the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a metal oxide nanofluid;
(2) preparing graphene nanofluid;
(3) mixing the metal oxide nanofluid and the graphene nanofluid in a grinding tank, and performing ball milling treatment on the mixture by using a planetary ball mill;
(4) placing the mixed fluid after ball milling in an ultrasonic dispersion machine for oscillation treatment, taking out a sample after dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, placing the centrifuge tube in a high-speed centrifuge for centrifugation, and taking supernatant to obtain the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid.
Wherein, the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(11) pouring the base solution into a beaker, adding the metal oxide nano powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(12) adding a surfactant into the mixed solution, and uniformly stirring;
(13) and (3) placing the uniformly mixed solution in the step (12) into an ultrasonic dispersion machine for oscillation treatment, taking out a sample after dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, placing the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge for centrifugation, and taking supernatant to obtain the metal oxide nanofluid.
Wherein, the base liquid in the step (11) comprises at least one of water, ethanol and methanol, the concentration of the metal oxide nano powder in the mixed solution is 1-10 g/L, the surfactant in the step (12) is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the metal oxide nano powder is 1: 1 to 10.
Wherein, the step (2) comprises the following steps:
(21) putting the flake graphite into a grinding tank, and adding a base liquid, a surface active agent and a ceramic ball;
(22) putting the grinding tank into a planetary ball mill for ball milling;
(23) and putting the ball-milled sample into a beaker, putting the beaker into an ultrasonic dispersion machine for vibration treatment, taking out the sample after dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, putting the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge for centrifugation, and taking the supernatant to obtain the graphene nanofluid.
Wherein the base solution in the step (21) comprises at least one of water, ethanol and methanol, the concentration of graphene in the graphene mixed solution is 1-10 g/L, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the metal oxide nanopowder is 1: 1-10 percent of ceramic balls, wherein the mass of the ceramic balls is 0.5-2 percent of that of the base liquid, and the ball milling mode in the step (22) comprises forward rotation for 10-60min, reverse rotation for 10-60min and standby rotation for 10-60min in sequence, and 10-30 ball milling is carried out.
The metal oxide/graphene composite fluid can be used as a heat-conducting fluid to be applied to a heat pipe.
The working principle is as follows: the improvement of the heat conductivity of the nano fluid is that the heat conductivity coefficient of the solid is larger than that of the liquid. The uniform dispersion of one solid particle into another liquid matrix results in thermal contact resistance between the particle and the matrix, which reduces the heat transfer between the interfaces, resulting in a decrease in the overall thermal conductivity. However, when the nano particles are added into liquid, the interface thermal resistance of the nano particles can be almost ignored due to the size effect, and meanwhile, a liquid film with the thickness of several atoms can be formed on a solid-liquid interface. The liquid film is more in a solid phase and more regular arrangement, so that the heat conductivity coefficient is improved to a certain extent compared with the liquid matrix. On the other hand, the surface energy of the nanoparticles is relatively high due to the large surface area, the nanoparticles are in an unstable state all the time, the nanoparticles are easy to agglomerate and settle, if the nanoparticles settle, the solid phase content in the fluid is greatly reduced, and the heat conductivity coefficient is also reduced; but if only aggregation occurs and sedimentation does not occur, the heat conductivity is improved to a certain extent. The van der waals force is a long-range attractive force when acting force between particles in the nano fluid, and after the surfactant is added, electric charges are generated on the surfaces of the particles to form electrostatic repulsive force so as to prevent the particles from settling. When the distance between the nanoparticles is small enough (<1nm), the liquid film portions will touch and even overlap, increasing the thermal conductivity of the liquid. Therefore, compared with the traditional heat conduction material, the nano fluid can be used as the heat conduction fluid in the vacuum heat pipe. The heat conduction of the nano fluid and the traditional medium is different in that the nano particles have large specific surface area and high specific heat, so that the formed nano powder suspension has good heat exchange capacity, and in addition, the Brownian motion of the nano particles can cause the micro-convection effect of surrounding base liquid in the heating process, so that the heat dispersion performance of the base liquid is improved.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1. the composite fluid has good stability and good particle dispersibility, and can ensure that the composite fluid can not be subjected to large-scale sedimentation within 20-30 days; 2. the heat conduction performance is good, the thermal resistance is about 0.145 ℃/W, and the heat conduction fluid can be used as heat conduction fluid to be applied to a vacuum heat pipe; 3. the preparation method is simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope image of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a thermal resistance test chart of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a thermal evaporation test chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Pouring 100ml of water into a beaker cleaned by ethanol and deionized water, adding 1g of nano zinc oxide powder with the particle size of 50nm, then carrying out magnetic stirring at the rotation speed of 40r/min and the temperature of 40 ℃, after stirring for 10min, adding 0.5g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into the beaker, continuing stirring at the rotation speed of 40r/min and the temperature of 40 ℃ for 10min, placing the mixed solution into a high-power ultrasonic dispersion machine, adjusting the power of the instrument to be 200W, controlling the oscillation mode to be 5s, standing for 2s and the primary dispersion time to be 10min, opening a chamber door for 20min after each dispersion, cooling, carrying out 3 times of ultrasonic dispersion in total, taking out a sample after dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, symmetrically placing the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge, centrifuging for 15min, slowly adjusting the rotating speed to 3000r/min, taking out the centrifugal tube after centrifugation is finished, taking sediments in the tube as impurities, taking supernate as nanofluid, and quickly pouring all liquid in the centrifugal tube into a beaker to obtain ZnO nanofluid;
(2) weighing 1g of flake graphite, putting the flake graphite into a grinding tank, adding 100ml of water, adding 1g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and then adding 1: weighing ceramic balls with the mass of 1 percent of water according to the ball-material ratio of 100, adding the ceramic balls into a grinding tank, putting the grinding tank into a planetary ball mill, wherein the ball milling mode is forward rotation for 60min, then reverse rotation for 60min, and standing by for 30min, the three steps are one-round ball milling, 24-round ball milling is carried out, the total ball milling time is 60h, after the ball milling is finished, taking out the grinding tank, pouring a sample into a beaker, putting the beaker into a high-power ultrasonic dispersion machine, adjusting the power of the instrument to 200W, controlling the oscillation mode to be oscillation for 5s, standing by for 2s, and carrying out primary dispersion for 10min, opening a chamber door for 20min after each dispersion, cooling, carrying out 3 times of ultrasonic dispersion, taking out the sample after the dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, symmetrically putting the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge, centrifuging for 15min, slowly adjusting the rotation speed to 3000r/min, taking out the centrifuge tube after the, the supernatant is nanofluid, and liquid in all the centrifuge tubes needs to be poured into a beaker quickly to obtain the graphene nanofluid.
(3) Taking 50ml of each of ZnO nanofluid and graphene nanofluid, and mixing the ZnO nanofluid and the graphene nanofluid in a ratio of 1: 1 to give 100ml of a mixed solution, and poured into a milling jar at a ratio of 1: weighing ceramic balls accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the mixed solution according to the ball-to-material ratio of 100, adding the ceramic balls into a grinding tank, putting the grinding tank into a planetary ball mill, wherein the ball milling mode is forward rotation for 60min, then reverse rotation for 60min, standing by for 30min, the three steps are one-round ball milling, carrying out 24-round ball milling, the total ball milling time is 60h, taking out the grinding tank after the ball milling is finished, pouring a sample into a beaker, putting the beaker into a high-power ultrasonic dispersion machine, adjusting the power of the instrument to 200W, controlling the oscillation mode to be oscillation for 5s, standing by for 2s, carrying out primary dispersion for 10min, opening a chamber door for 20min after each dispersion, cooling, carrying out 3 times of ultrasonic dispersion, taking out the sample after the dispersion is finished, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, symmetrically putting the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge, centrifuging for 15min, slowly adjusting the rotation speed to 3000r/min, the sediment in the tube is impurities, the supernatant is nanofluid, and all liquid in the centrifugal tube needs to be poured into a beaker quickly to obtain the ZnO/graphene composite fluid.
FIG. 1 is a TEM photograph of a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid at a size of 100nm, in which several black spherical substances are zinc oxide nanoparticles with a size of about 50nm, surrounding banded multi-layer graphene coats the zinc oxide particles, and the distance between different particles is large under the action of charge repulsion; the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid, ZnO fluids with different concentrations and water are heated and cooled circularly through a TPCT thermosiphon device, the temperature change relation between the cold end and the hot end is measured, the calculated thermal resistance is as shown in figure 2, the thermal resistance of the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid is about 0.145 ℃/W, the thermal resistance is reduced by 10 percent relative to the thermal resistance of water of 0.16 ℃/W, and the heat conduction performance is improved; meanwhile, compared with a single ZnO nanofluid, due to the compounding of graphene, the thermal conductivity is also improved, the thermal evaporation performance test is carried out on the graphene fluid, the ZnO fluid, water and the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid, the evaporation test time is the time consumed by 15mL of fluid from the room temperature of 28 ℃ to the solution boiling point of 99 ℃, as shown in fig. 3, the water thermal conductivity is the worst, so that the evaporation time is the longest and needs 5 minutes and 20 seconds, the ZnO/graphene composite nanofluid can be evaporated after only 4 minutes and 25 seconds, and the thermal conductivity is also improved compared with the ZnO nanofluid and the graphene fluid.
Example 2
(1) Pouring 100ml of water into a beaker cleaned by ethanol and deionized water, adding 0.5g of nano titanium dioxide powder with the particle size of 60nm, then carrying out magnetic stirring at the rotation speed of 60r/min and the temperature of 30 ℃, after stirring for 10min, adding 0.5g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into the beaker, continuing stirring at the rotation speed of 60r/min and the temperature of 30 ℃ for 10min, placing the mixed solution into a high-power ultrasonic dispersion machine, adjusting the power of the instrument to 300W, controlling the oscillation mode to be oscillation 5s, standing for 2s and the primary dispersion time to be 10min, opening a chamber door for 20min after each dispersion, cooling, carrying out 3 times of ultrasonic dispersion in total, taking out a sample after dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, symmetrically placing the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge, centrifuging for 15min, slowly adjusting the rotating speed to 3000r/min, taking out the centrifugal tube after centrifugation is finished, taking sediments in the centrifugal tube as impurities, taking supernate as nanofluid, and quickly pouring all liquid in the centrifugal tube into a beaker to obtain the titanium dioxide nanofluid;
(2) 0.5g of flake graphite is weighed into a grinding jar, 100ml of water is added, 0.05g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is added, and then the weight ratio of the mixture is adjusted to 2: weighing ceramic balls with the mass of 2 percent of water according to the ball-to-material ratio of 100, adding the ceramic balls into a grinding tank, putting the grinding tank into a planetary ball mill, wherein the ball milling mode is forward rotation for 60min, then reverse rotation for 60min, and standby for 30min, the three steps are one-round ball milling, performing 24-round ball milling, the total ball milling time is 60h, taking out the grinding tank after the ball milling is finished, pouring a sample into a beaker, putting the beaker into a high-power ultrasonic dispersion machine, adjusting the power of the instrument to 200W, controlling the oscillation mode to be oscillation for 5s, standby for 2s, performing primary dispersion for 10min, opening a chamber door for 20min after each dispersion, performing cooling, performing 3 times of ultrasonic dispersion, taking out the sample after the dispersion is finished, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, symmetrically putting the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge, centrifuging for 15min, slowly adjusting the rotation speed to 3000r/min, taking out the centrifuge tube after the centrifugation is finished, the supernatant is nanofluid, and liquid in all the centrifuge tubes needs to be poured into a beaker quickly to obtain the graphene nanofluid.
(3) Mixing 500mL of titanium dioxide nanofluid and 50mL of graphene nanofluid to obtain 550mL of mixed solution, pouring the mixed solution into a grinding tank, and mixing the mixed solution with the weight ratio of 1: weighing ceramic balls accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the mixed solution according to the ball-to-material ratio of 100, adding the ceramic balls into a grinding tank, putting the grinding tank into a planetary ball mill, wherein the ball milling mode is forward rotation for 60min, then reverse rotation for 60min, standing by for 30min, the three steps are one-round ball milling, carrying out 24-round ball milling, the total ball milling time is 60h, taking out the grinding tank after the ball milling is finished, pouring a sample into a beaker, putting the beaker into a high-power ultrasonic dispersion machine, adjusting the power of the instrument to 200W, controlling the oscillation mode to be oscillation for 5s, standing by for 2s, carrying out primary dispersion for 10min, opening a chamber door for 20min after each dispersion, cooling, carrying out 3 times of ultrasonic dispersion, taking out the sample after the dispersion is finished, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, symmetrically putting the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge, centrifuging for 15min, slowly adjusting the rotation speed to 3000r/min, the sediment in the tube is impurities, the supernatant is nanofluid, and all liquid in the centrifugal tube needs to be quickly poured into a beaker to obtain the titanium dioxide/graphene composite fluid.
Claims (9)
1. The metal oxide/graphene composite fluid is characterized by comprising the following components in a mass ratio of 10-1: 1 and a graphene nanofluid.
2. The metal oxide/graphene composite fluid according to claim 1, wherein the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid has a particle size of 90-110 nm, the metal particles in the metal oxide nanofluid have a particle size of 50-60 nm, and the total concentration of the metal oxide and the graphene composite nanoparticles in the fluid is 0.05-1.5% by mass.
3. The metal oxide/graphene composite fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal oxide nanofluid is a zinc oxide nanofluid or a titanium dioxide fluid.
4. A method for preparing the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a metal oxide nanofluid;
(2) preparing graphene nanofluid;
(3) mixing the metal oxide nanofluid and the graphene nanofluid in a grinding tank, and performing ball milling treatment on the mixture by using a planetary ball mill;
(4) placing the mixed fluid after ball milling in an ultrasonic dispersion machine for oscillation treatment, taking out a sample after dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, placing the centrifuge tube in a high-speed centrifuge for centrifugation, and taking supernatant to obtain the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid.
5. The method for preparing a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid according to claim 4, wherein the step (1) includes the steps of:
(11) pouring the base solution into a beaker, adding the metal oxide nano powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(12) adding a surfactant into the mixed solution, and uniformly stirring;
(13) and (3) placing the uniformly mixed solution in the step (12) into an ultrasonic dispersion machine for oscillation treatment, taking out a sample after dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, placing the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge for centrifugation, and taking supernatant to obtain the metal oxide nanofluid.
6. The method for preparing a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid according to claim 5, wherein the base fluid in the step (11) includes at least one of water, ethanol and methanol, the concentration of the metal oxide nanopowder in the mixed solution is 1-10 g/L, the surfactant in the step (12) is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the metal oxide nanopowder is 1: 1 to 10.
7. The method for preparing a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid according to claim 4, wherein the step (2) includes the steps of:
(21) putting the flake graphite into a grinding tank, and adding a base liquid, a surface active agent and a ceramic ball to obtain a graphene mixed solution;
(22) putting the grinding tank into a planetary ball mill for ball milling;
(23) and putting the ball-milled sample into a beaker, putting the beaker into an ultrasonic dispersion machine for vibration treatment, taking out the sample after dispersion, pouring the sample into a centrifuge tube, putting the centrifuge tube into a high-speed centrifuge for centrifugation, and taking the supernatant to obtain the graphene nanofluid.
8. The method for preparing a metal oxide/graphene composite fluid according to claim 7, wherein the base liquid in the step (21) includes at least one of water, ethanol and methanol, the graphene concentration in the graphene mixed solution is 1-10 g/L, the surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the mass ratio of the surfactant to the metal oxide nanopowder is 1: 1-10 percent, wherein the mass of the ceramic balls is 0.5-2 percent of that of the base liquid, and the ball milling mode in the step (22) comprises forward rotation for 10-60min, reverse rotation for 10-60min and standby rotation for 10-60min in sequence, and 10-30 ball milling is carried out.
9. Use of the metal oxide/graphene composite fluid of claim 1 as a heat transfer fluid in a heat pipe.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113461388A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 济南大学 | GO-TiO2Nano-fluid modified high-density self-cleaning concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN114574168A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-03 | 南京信息工程大学 | Carbide graphene nanofluid heat dissipation material and preparation method thereof |
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