CN112904910A - Oven control system and temperature control method thereof - Google Patents
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- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/06—Roasters; Grills; Sandwich grills
- A47J37/0623—Small-size cooking ovens, i.e. defining an at least partially closed cooking cavity
- A47J37/0629—Small-size cooking ovens, i.e. defining an at least partially closed cooking cavity with electric heating elements
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Abstract
The invention provides an oven control system and a temperature control method thereof, wherein the oven control system comprises a control end, and the temperature control method comprises the following steps: the control end constructs an oven temperature prediction model, periodically predicts the oven temperature according to the temperature prediction model, and controls input parameters of the oven according to the predicted temperature and the target temperature. The oven control system introduces a mathematical model, can predict the output quantity of the oven in the next sampling period, and can achieve the effects of accelerating in advance and braking in advance, thereby avoiding the influence of the temperature inertia of the oven.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of household appliances, and particularly relates to an oven control system and a temperature control method thereof.
Background
The electric oven is a kitchen appliance for baking food by using radiant heat emitted by an electric heating element, is widely applied to families in European and American areas, and is gradually popularized in China. In order to make the cooked food have the best taste and nutritional value, higher requirements are put on the temperature control capability of the oven.
The temperature control method of the oven at present is divided into an open-loop temperature control method and a closed-loop temperature control method. The open-loop temperature control method is to preset the heating power of the heating pipe at a specific temperature point to realize temperature control, although the method is simpler to realize, the temperature control precision is lower, the temperature control effect at a non-preset temperature point is very poor, and the temperature control cannot be really realized. The closed-loop temperature control method is characterized in that the temperature in the oven is transmitted to the controller in real time through the sensor, the controller processes transmitted data through a specific algorithm to further adjust the output power of the heating pipe, the current widely applied algorithm is a PID algorithm, the temperature control speed is low for a system such as an oven with large inertia and slow reaction due to the fact that the model-free algorithm is adopted, a user needs to wait for a long time before using the oven, the temperature in the oven can be controlled to be close to the target temperature, and therefore the user experience of the product is poor. In the scheme, the temperature in the oven can quickly reach a target value by increasing a proportional amplification factor in the PID, but the scheme can cause larger overshoot, namely, the energy consumption is increased, the time for stabilizing the temperature is increased, the problem is not fundamentally solved, and for some high-end recipes, the baking needs to be carried out by using fluctuating temperature, and the following performance of the algorithm is very poor at this time, so that the use requirement cannot be met at all.
Because most of the existing oven temperature control algorithms are model-free algorithms, the existing mature model prediction algorithms need to perform very complicated mathematical operation processing on mathematical models of a control system, and although the method can realize high-precision control, the data volume required to be processed is too large, and the method is applied to an oven, and the electric control hardware of the oven cannot be realized. Compared with the prior art, the control algorithm in the scheme has the advantages that the required data processing amount is small, the requirement on the data processing capacity of the single chip microcomputer is not high, the electric control hardware of the oven can be realized, and although certain sacrifice is made on data processing, the higher control precision can be realized, and the use requirement of the oven product is met.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature control method of an oven control system, which can predict the output quantity of the next sampling period of an oven by introducing a mathematical model, thereby achieving the effects of accelerating in advance and braking in advance and reducing the influence of the temperature inertia of the oven.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a temperature control method of an oven control system, wherein the oven control system comprises a control end, and the temperature control method comprises the following steps:
the control end constructs an oven temperature prediction model;
and the control end periodically predicts the temperature of the oven according to the temperature prediction model and controls input parameters of the oven according to the predicted temperature and the target temperature.
In the scheme, the oven control system introduces a mathematical model, and can predict the output quantity of the oven in the next sampling period, so that the effects of accelerating in advance and braking in advance can be achieved, and the influence of the temperature inertia of the oven is avoided.
Preferably, the constructing of the oven temperature prediction model includes:
the control end sets a temperature prediction model containing unknown state parameters;
and the control end acquires the input parameters and the temperature parameters of the oven and fits the input parameters and the temperature parameters to obtain the state parameters of the temperature prediction model.
Preferably, the temperature prediction model is:
XK+1＝AXK+BuK+dK；
YK＝CXK+DuK；
wherein, XK+1Is the state vector, X, of the oven at the K +1 th sampling periodKIs the state vector of the K-th sampling period of the oven, YKIs the temperature parameter of the K-th sampling period of the oven, uKAs input parameter for the K-th sampling period of the oven, dKA disturbance vector of a K sampling period of the oven is obtained; A. b, C and D are the state parameters of the temperature prediction model. Wherein the state vector may be expressed as a rate of temperature change. And the control end acquires the input parameters and the temperature parameters of the oven and fits the input parameters and the temperature parameters to obtain the state parameters of the temperature prediction model.
Preferably, the control end adopts a PID control unit and a temperature prediction model to jointly control input parameters of the oven, and the input parameters pass through a formula uK＝uk PID+uk MPObtaining; wherein u isKFor the Kth sampling period oven input parameter, uk PIDIs the output parameter of the Kth sampling period PID controller, uk MPOutput parameters of the temperature prediction model for the Kth sampling period;
preferably, the output parameter includes a voltage value, a current value, or the like.
Preferably, the temperature of the oven is periodically predicted according to a temperature prediction model, including the output parameter u of the PID controllerk PIDCalculating to obtain the corresponding temperature of the oven; wherein, the corresponding temperature of the oven is obtained by the following formula;
YK＝CXK+DuK PID。
preferably, the input parameters for controlling the oven according to the predicted temperature and the target temperature include: and calculating an error value between the corresponding temperature of the oven and the target temperature, and calculating an output parameter of the temperature prediction model according to the error value. The target temperature may be a fixed value or a real-time variable value.
Preferably, by the formula eK MP＝T-YKObtaining the error value by formula
Obtaining an output parameter of a temperature prediction model, wherein eK MPIs an error value, KPIs a proportionality coefficient, KdIs a differential coefficient, KiIs an integral coefficient. Wherein, the parameter KP、Kd、KiAre all coefficient parameters in the PID calculation.
Preferably, the oven is heated by adopting a fluctuation temperature curve, in the heating process of the oven, the control end obtains the corresponding temperature of each sampling period by the temperature curve, sets the temperature as a target temperature, and determines the output parameters of the temperature prediction model according to the target temperature.
In the scheme, based on the temperature control method, the oven has the advantages of fast speed regulation, small overshoot and good temperature following performance under the condition of heating by adopting a fluctuating temperature curve.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an oven control system, comprising:
the model optimization unit is used for acquiring an oven input parameter and an oven temperature parameter and performing data fitting processing to obtain a state parameter of the temperature prediction model;
and the model prediction unit is used for establishing a temperature prediction model according to the state parameters, predicting the temperature of the oven and determining the output parameters of the model prediction unit.
Preferably, the system comprises a PID control unit, and the model prediction unit is configured to predict a corresponding oven temperature according to an output parameter of the PID control unit, and determine an output parameter of the model prediction unit according to a difference between the predicted oven temperature and a target temperature.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the oven control system comprises a control end, wherein the control end constructs an oven temperature prediction model, periodically predicts the oven temperature according to the temperature prediction model, and controls the input parameters of an oven according to the predicted temperature and the target temperature. The oven control system introduces a mathematical model, can predict the output quantity of the oven in the next sampling period, and can achieve the effects of accelerating in advance and braking in advance, thereby avoiding the influence of the temperature inertia of the oven.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a logic diagram of a PID algorithm;
FIG. 2 is a step response curve of a PID temperature control algorithm;
FIG. 3 is a step response curve for increasing the scale factor in a PID;
FIG. 4 is a response curve of PID temperature control algorithm to trigonometric function;
FIG. 5 is a logic diagram of the oven control system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a step response curve of the algorithm of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a response curve of the algorithm of the present invention to a trigonometric function.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
The embodiment provides a temperature control method of an oven control system, a temperature prediction model is introduced for oven heating, and the output quantity of an oven in the next sampling period can be predicted, so that the effects of acceleration in advance and braking in advance can be achieved, the influence of the temperature inertia of the oven is avoided, the algorithm of the temperature prediction model has the advantages of high response speed, small overshoot and good following performance, and compared with other model prediction algorithms, the algorithm of the oven prediction model has low requirement on a controller due to small data processing quantity and is easy to realize.
Referring to fig. 1, for a temperature control scheme widely used at present, the PID temperature control algorithm is used to control the input parameters of the oven to adjust the temperature of the oven, but practice proves that the inertia of the oven temperature adjustment system is large, the temperature control speed is slow to react, and as shown in fig. 2, the step response curve of the PID temperature control algorithm requires a long time for a user to wait before using the oven, and the temperature inside the oven can be controlled to be near the target temperature, which makes the user experience of the product poor. In view of the above, there is also a scheme that the temperature in the oven rapidly reaches the vicinity of the target value by increasing the proportional amplification factor in the PID calculation, as shown in fig. 3, a step influence curve of increasing the proportional amplification factor in the PID calculation is shown, and it can be seen from the figure that this scheme causes a large overshoot, that is, increases the energy consumption, and increases the time for temperature stabilization, and the problem is not fundamentally solved. As shown in fig. 4, for some high-end recipes, a fluctuating temperature is required for baking, and at this time, the following performance of the algorithm is poor and the use requirement cannot be met at all.
The embodiment aims at the defects of the prior art, introduces a temperature prediction model into an oven control system, and eliminates the problem of oven temperature inertia through a mathematical model, so that the temperature can be quickly controlled, and the good follow-up performance of an oven can be realized.
The oven control system comprises a control end, and the temperature control method comprises the following steps:
the control end constructs an oven temperature prediction model;
and the control end periodically predicts the temperature of the oven according to the temperature prediction model and controls input parameters of the oven according to the predicted temperature and the target temperature.
In the scheme, the oven control system introduces a mathematical model, and can predict the output quantity of the oven in the next sampling period, so that the effects of accelerating in advance and braking in advance can be achieved, and the influence of the temperature inertia of the oven is avoided.
Preferably, the constructing of the oven temperature prediction model includes:
the control end sets a temperature prediction model containing unknown state parameters;
and the control end acquires the input parameters and the temperature parameters of the oven and fits the input parameters and the temperature parameters to obtain the state parameters of the temperature prediction model.
Preferably, the temperature prediction model is:
XK+1＝AXK+BuK+dK；
YK＝CXK+DuK；
wherein, XK+1Is the state vector, X, of the oven at the K +1 th sampling periodKIs the state vector of the K-th sampling period of the oven, YKIs the temperature parameter of the K-th sampling period of the oven, uKAs input parameter for the K-th sampling period of the oven, dKA disturbance vector of a K sampling period of the oven is obtained; A. b, C and D are the state parameters of the temperature prediction model. Wherein the state vector may be expressed as a rate of temperature change. And the control end acquires the input parameters and the temperature parameters of the oven and fits the input parameters and the temperature parameters to obtain the state parameters of the temperature prediction model.
Preferably, the control end adopts a PID control unit and a temperature prediction model to jointly control input parameters of the oven, and the input parameters pass through a formula uK＝uk PID+uk MPObtaining; wherein u isKFor the Kth sampling period oven input parameter, uk PIDIs the output parameter of the Kth sampling period PID controller, uk MPAnd predicting the output parameters of the model for the temperature of the Kth sampling period.
Preferably, the output parameter includes a voltage value, a current value, or the like.
The control end of the oven control system periodically predicts the oven temperature according to a temperature prediction model, including the output parameter u of the PID controllerk PIDCalculating to obtain the corresponding temperature of the oven; wherein, the corresponding temperature of the oven is obtained by the following formula;
YK＝CXK+DuK PID。
preferably, the input parameters for controlling the oven according to the predicted temperature and the target temperature include: and calculating an error value between the corresponding temperature of the oven and the target temperature, and calculating an output parameter of the temperature prediction model according to the error value. The target temperature may be a fixed value or a real-time variable value.
Preferably, by the formula
Obtaining the error value by formula
Obtaining an output parameter of the temperature prediction model, wherein,
is an error value, kpIs a proportionality coefficient, kdIs a differential coefficient, kiIs an integral coefficient. Parameter kp、kd、kiAre all coefficient parameters in the PID calculation.
In a preferred embodiment, the oven has a set fluctuation temperature curve and is heated by adopting the fluctuation temperature curve, and in the oven heating process, the control end acquires the corresponding temperature of each sampling period from the temperature curve and sets the temperature as a target temperature, and the output parameter of the temperature prediction model is determined according to the target temperature. Referring to fig. 7, when the fluctuating temperature curve is a trigonometric function, the corresponding response curve is shown. In the scheme, based on the temperature control method, the oven has the advantages of fast speed regulation, small overshoot and good temperature following performance under the condition of heating by adopting a fluctuating temperature curve.
In yet another specific embodiment, the target temperature may also be a preset fixed value, and the temperature control method of this embodiment also has a good temperature control effect. Referring to fig. 6, when the target temperature is a fixed value, the temperature response curve corresponding to the temperature control method of the present embodiment is adopted, and compared with the step response curve of the PID temperature control algorithm in fig. 2, the temperature speed is adjusted faster. Referring to fig. 7, which shows a temperature corresponding curve when the temperature control method is used to adjust a fluctuation temperature curve, comparing fig. 6 and 7 with fig. 2 and 4, respectively, it can be clearly seen that the temperature adjustment speed of the temperature control method of the present embodiment is much faster than that of the PID control scheme, and especially when the fluctuation temperature curve is used for heating, the control scheme of the present embodiment is much better than that of the PID control scheme.
In addition, at present, several mature model prediction algorithms need to perform very complex mathematical operation processing on a mathematical model of a control system, and although the method can realize high-precision control, the amount of data to be processed is too large, so that the method is applied to an oven and the electric control hardware of the oven cannot be realized. Compared with the prior art, the control algorithm in the scheme has the advantages that the required data processing amount is small, the requirement on the data processing capacity of the single chip microcomputer is not high, the electric control hardware of the oven can be realized, and although certain sacrifice is made on data processing, the higher control precision can be realized, and the use requirement of the oven product is met.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment provides an oven control system using the temperature control method in the first embodiment, where the oven control system includes a control end, and the control end may be a controller of an oven local machine, a cloud end controller, or an intelligent terminal, which is not limited herein.
Specifically, the control end includes:
the model optimization unit is used for acquiring an oven input parameter and an oven temperature parameter and performing data fitting processing to obtain a state parameter of the temperature prediction model;
and the model prediction unit is used for establishing a temperature prediction model according to the state parameters, predicting the temperature of the oven and determining the output parameters of the model prediction unit.
Furthermore, the oven control system comprises a PID control unit, and the model prediction unit is used for predicting the corresponding oven temperature according to the output parameters of the PID control unit and determining the output parameters of the model prediction unit according to the difference value between the predicted oven temperature and the target temperature.
In summary, the oven control system of the present invention includes a control end, where the control end constructs an oven temperature prediction model, and periodically predicts the oven temperature according to the temperature prediction model, and controls the input parameters of the oven according to the predicted temperature and the target temperature. The oven control system introduces a mathematical model, can predict the output quantity of the oven in the next sampling period, and can achieve the effects of accelerating in advance and braking in advance, thereby avoiding the influence of the temperature inertia of the oven.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A temperature control method of an oven control system, wherein the oven control system comprises a control end, and the temperature control method comprises the following steps:
the control end constructs an oven temperature prediction model;
and the control end periodically predicts the temperature of the oven according to the temperature prediction model and controls input parameters of the oven according to the predicted temperature and the target temperature.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the constructing the oven temperature prediction model comprises:
the control end sets a temperature prediction model containing unknown state parameters;
and the control end acquires the input parameters and the temperature parameters of the oven and fits the input parameters and the temperature parameters to obtain the state parameters of the temperature prediction model.
3. The temperature control method of an oven control system according to claim 2, wherein the temperature prediction model is:
XK+1＝AXK+BuK+dK；
YK＝CXK+DuK；
wherein, XK+1Is the state vector, X, of the oven at the K +1 th sampling periodKIs the state vector of the K-th sampling period of the oven, YKIs the temperature parameter of the K-th sampling period of the oven, uKAs input parameter for the K-th sampling period of the oven, dKA disturbance vector of a K sampling period of the oven is obtained; A. b, C and D are the state parameters of the temperature prediction model.
4. The temperature control method of claim 3, wherein the control end adopts a PID control unit and a temperature prediction model to jointly control input parameters of the oven, and the input parameters are controlled by a formula uK＝uk PID+uk MPObtaining; wherein u isKFor the Kth sampling period oven input parameter, uk PIDIs the output parameter of the Kth sampling period PID controller, uk MPOutput parameters of the temperature prediction model for the Kth sampling period;
preferably, the output parameter comprises a voltage value.
5. The temperature control method of claim 4, wherein the step of periodically predicting the temperature of the oven according to the temperature prediction model comprises predicting an output parameter u of a PID controllerk PIDCalculating to obtain the corresponding temperature of the oven; wherein, the corresponding temperature of the oven is obtained by the following formula;
YK＝CXK+DuK PID。
6. the method of claim 5, wherein the controlling the input parameters of the oven based on the predicted temperature and the target temperature comprises: and calculating an error value between the corresponding temperature of the oven and the target temperature, and calculating an output parameter of the temperature prediction model according to the error value.
7. The temperature control method of claim 6, wherein the formula is defined as
Obtaining the error value by formula
Obtaining an output parameter of the temperature prediction model; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is an error value, kpIs a proportionality coefficient, kdIs a differential coefficient, kiIs an integral coefficient.
8. The temperature control method of the oven control system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the oven is heated by using a fluctuating temperature curve, and during the heating process of the oven, the control end obtains the temperature corresponding to each sampling period from the temperature curve, sets the temperature as a target temperature, and determines the output parameters of the temperature prediction model according to the target temperature.
9. An oven control system using the temperature control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
the model optimization unit is used for acquiring an oven input parameter and an oven temperature parameter and performing data fitting processing to obtain a state parameter of the temperature prediction model;
and the model prediction unit is used for establishing a temperature prediction model according to the state parameters, predicting the temperature of the oven and determining the output parameters of the model prediction unit.
10. The oven control system according to claim 9, comprising a PID control unit, wherein the model prediction unit is configured to predict a corresponding oven temperature according to an output parameter of the PID control unit, and determine an output parameter of the model prediction unit according to a difference between the predicted oven temperature and a target temperature.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115061521A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-09-16 | 广东海新智能厨房股份有限公司 | Automatic control system and control method for electric heating temperature of oven |
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