CN112904881A - Design method for dynamic gain scheduling controller of hypersonic aircraft - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a hypersonic aircraft dynamic gain scheduling controller, and provides a design method of a continuous dynamic gain scheduling controller, aiming at the problem that when the existing hypersonic aircraft control system designs a controller on the basis of a hypersonic aircraft dynamic model, the influence on the stability of the system due to the change of system speed, dynamic pressure and other factors in the flight process cannot be avoided. Aiming at the hypersonic aircraft system with actuator saturation, the invention designs a continuous dynamic gain scheduling controller based on low-gain feedback control, thereby avoiding the occurrence of actuator saturation and improving the dynamic performance of the hypersonic aircraft system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of modern aircraft control, and designs a continuous dynamic gain scheduling controller aiming at improving the dynamic performance of a hypersonic aircraft. By designing the continuous dynamic gain scheduling controller with the actuator saturated switching system, the control target of improving the dynamic performance of the hypersonic aircraft system is realized, and the control method is suitable for controlling the hypersonic aircraft.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the aerospace technical field is also continuously improved, and the technical breakthrough of the hypersonic flight vehicle has very important significance for the international strategic pattern, military comparison and civil aviation. Even have profound effects on the comprehensive national forces of the country. Therefore, the dynamic performance of the hypersonic flight vehicle in flight is of research value.
The hypersonic aircraft integrates a plurality of leading-edge technologies of aerospace and aviation, so that the hypersonic aircraft has the characteristics of complex aerodynamic characteristics, high model nonlinearity degree, large flying height and speed span, complex flying environment and the like. Dynamic pressure, model non-linearity, and sudden height and velocity spans all contribute to its stability during its flight. This also makes stability control of hypersonic aircraft more and more difficult.
At present, in the existing hypersonic aircraft control system, a controller is designed on the basis of a hypersonic aircraft dynamic model, and the influence on the stability of the system caused by the change of system speed, dynamic pressure and other factors in the flight process cannot be avoided. Therefore, the control method is designed to avoid the influence of the change of factors such as system speed, dynamic pressure and the like on the stability of the system, and has important significance in improving the dynamic performance of the hypersonic aircraft system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing control method, the traditional control method is difficult to quickly reach stability due to the complexity of a hypersonic aircraft model. We propose a continuous dynamic gain scheduling controller to improve the dynamic characteristics of aircraft systems.
The invention provides a design method of a hypersonic aircraft dynamic gain scheduling controller, which is characterized in that a flight envelope of an aircraft is partitioned according to the speed and the dynamic pressure of the aircraft, so that the influence of the change of factors such as the speed and the dynamic pressure of a system on the stability of the system in the flight process of the system is avoided. The control method and the control device realize the control target of improving the dynamic performance of the hypersonic aircraft.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, establishing a state space model of a hypersonic aircraft
Defining a system state space model
Wherein X ═ V h α θ Q Φ Ψ]ΤRepresenting a state vector, where V represents aircraft speed, h represents aircraft altitude, α represents aircraft angle of attack, θ represents aircraft pitch,q represents the aircraft pitch angle rate, Φ represents the aircraft engine fuel ratio,u=[Φ δe δc]Τto control an input vector, where δeRepresenting the aircraft's elevator angle, deltacRepresenting the aircraft forward wing deflection angle.Is a constant matrix; σ (t) represents a switching signal, from the setA medium value, wherein M is an integer greater than 1. And (4) partitioning the flight envelope of the aircraft according to the speed and the dynamic pressure of the aircraft into M subsystems. sat (. cndot.) is a saturation function having the following form
sat(u)=[sat(u1) sat(u2) … sat(um)]T
And is
I[1,m]The expression set {1,2,3.., m }, m ≧ 1, and superscript T denotes the transpose of the matrix. Hypothesis systemIs stable and matrixAll lie in the closed left half-plane, so that there is a non-singular matrix T, with
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,is a constant matrix with eigenvalues in the left half-plane of the open,for a constant matrix with characteristic values lying on the imaginary axis, ns+na7. T is a non-singular transformation matrix and is not unique. Since the characteristic value is located in the left half plane of the open, the stability of the system is not affected, and therefore, when considering the stability of the system, only the condition that the characteristic values are all on the virtual axis needs to be studied, that is, the following system is considered:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,the control gain of the system is represented as a constant matrix.
Step 2, designing an ellipsoid set
The following two sets were designed:
wherein ξi(t) > 0 is a time-varying low gain parameter.Is a symmetric positive definite matrix. i denotes running to the ith subsystem,| | | represents the 2 norm of the vector or matrix.
Step 3, designing a dynamic gain scheduling controller and average residence time
Designing a dynamic gain scheduling controller
Wherein, BiIndicating the controller gain, ξi(t) > 0 is a time-varying low gain parameter of the form
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,ξi(0)<λ<2ξi(0) wherein, λ is a normal number, niTo representDimension of ith subsystem, ξi(0) Indicating the initial value of the i-th subsystem low-gain parameter. Thetaci=θci(ξi(0) 1) is a normal number and can be calculated as follows
Wherein U (ξ)i(t)) can be solved by the following parametric Lyapunov equation
Time-varying low-gain parameter of the above-described form for any given initial value ξi(0) > 0 will converge to a bounded value, which can be calculated by a low gain parameter expression. Average residence time is satisfiedWhere μ is a constant greater than 1. P (xi)i(t)) > 0 is a symmetric positive definite matrix that can be solved by the following parametric Riccati equation:
Ai TP(ξi(t))+P(ξi(t))Ai-P(ξi(t))BiBi TP(ξi(t))=-ξi(t)P(ξi(t))
step 4, stability analysis
Substituting the designed controller (1) into a hypersonic aircraft state space model to obtain a closed loop system
According to the Lyapunov stability theorem, a Lyapunov function is selected
Vi(x,t)=η(ξi(t))xTP(ξi(t))x
In which ξi(0)<λ<2ξi(0). Then, we can get the following equation
Solving the differential equation can obtain the expression of the time-varying low-gain parameter in step 3. Then, can obtainI.e. the closed loop system is stable if the average residence time in step 3 is met.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a design method of a continuous dynamic gain scheduling controller aiming at the defects of the existing hypersonic aircraft control method. Aiming at the hypersonic aircraft system with actuator saturation, the invention designs a continuous dynamic gain scheduling controller based on low-gain feedback control, thereby avoiding the occurrence of actuator saturation and improving the dynamic performance of the hypersonic aircraft system.
Detailed Description
A design method for a dynamic gain scheduling controller of a hypersonic aircraft specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a state space model of a hypersonic aircraft
Defining a system state space model
Wherein X ═ V h α θ Q Φ Ψ]ΤRepresenting a state vector, wherein V represents aircraft speed, h represents aircraft altitude, α represents aircraft angle of attack, θ represents aircraft pitch, Q represents aircraft pitch rate, Φ represents aircraft engine fuel ratio,to control the input vector, δ represents the aircraft's elevator yaw angle, and δ represents the aircraft's forward wing yaw angle.Is a constant matrix. σ (t) represents a switching signal, from the setA medium value, wherein M is an integer greater than 1. And (4) partitioning the flight envelope of the aircraft according to the speed and the dynamic pressure of the aircraft into M subsystems. sat (. cndot.) is a saturation function having the following form
sat(u)=[sat(u1) sat(u2) … sat(um)]T
And is
I[1,m]The expression set {1,2,3.., m }, m ≧ 1, and superscript T denotes the transpose of the matrix. Hypothesis systemIs stable and matrixAll lie in the closed left half-plane, so that there is a non-singular matrix T, with
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,is a constant matrix with eigenvalues in the left half-plane of the open,for a constant matrix with characteristic values lying on the imaginary axis, ns+na7. T is a non-singular transformation matrix and is not unique. Since the eigenvalue is located in the left half-plane of the open, which does not affect the stability of the system, we only need to study the case where the eigenvalues are all on the imaginary axis when considering the stability of the system, i.e., consider the following system:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,the control gain of the system is represented as a constant matrix.
Step 2, designing an ellipsoid set
The following two sets were designed:
wherein ξi(t) > 0 is a time-varying low gain parameter.Is a symmetric positive definite matrix. i denotes running to the ith subsystem,| | | represents the 2 norm of the vector or matrix.
Step 3, designing a dynamic gain scheduling controller and average residence time
Designing a dynamic gain scheduling controller
Wherein, BiIndicating the controller gain, ξi(t) > 0 is a time-varying low gain parameter of the form
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,ξi(0)<λ<2ξi(0) wherein, λ is a normal number, niDimension, ξ, representing the ith subsystemi(0) Indicating the initial value of the i-th subsystem low-gain parameter. Thetaci=θci(ξi(0) 1) is a normal number and can be calculated as follows
Wherein U (ξ)i(t)) can be solved by the following parametric Lyapunov equation
Time-varying low-gain parameter of the above-described form for any given initial value ξi(0) > 0 will converge to a bounded value, which can be calculated by a low gain parameter expression. Average residence time is satisfiedWhere μ is a constant greater than 1. P (xi)i(t)) > 0 is a symmetric positive definite matrix that can be solved by the following parametric Riccati equation:
Ai TP(ξi(t))+P(ξi(t))Ai-P(ξi(t))BiBi TP(ξi(t))=-ξi(t)P(ξi(t))
step 4, stability analysis
Substituting the designed controller (1) into a hypersonic aircraft state space model to obtain a closed loop system
Defining a Lyapunov function according to the Lyapunov stability theorem
Vi(x,t)=η(ξi(t))xTP(ξi(t))x
To stabilize the closed loop system, only one needs to be usedTo make the patient feelThen only need to
In which ξi(0)<λ<2ξi(0). Then, we can get the following equation
Claims (1)
1. A design method for a dynamic gain scheduling controller of a hypersonic aircraft is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, establishing a state space model of a hypersonic aircraft
Establishing a system state space model
Wherein X ═ V h α θ Q Φ Ψ]ΤRepresenting a state vector, wherein V represents aircraft speed, h represents aircraft altitude, α represents aircraft angle of attack, θ represents aircraft pitch, Q represents aircraft pitch rate, Φ represents aircraft engine fuel ratio,u=[Φ δe δc]Τto control an input vector, where δeRepresenting the aircraft's elevator angle, deltacRepresenting the aircraft front wing deflection angle;is a constant matrix; σ (t) represents a switching signal, from the setA medium value, wherein M is an integer greater than 1; dividing the flight envelope of the aircraft into M subsystems according to the speed and the dynamic pressure of the aircraft; sat (. cndot.) is a saturation function having the following form
sat(u)=[sat(u1) sat(u2) … sat(um)]T
And is
I[1,m]Representing a set {1,2,3.., m }, wherein m is more than or equal to 1, and superscript T represents the transposition of the matrix; hypothesis systemIs stable and matrixAll lie in the closed left half-plane, so that there is a non-singular matrix T, with
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,is a constant matrix with eigenvalues in the left half-plane of the open,for a constant matrix with characteristic values lying on the imaginary axis, ns+na7; t is a non-singular transformation matrix and is not unique; because the characteristic value is located in the left half plane of the open, the stability of the system is not affected, and therefore, when considering the stability of the system, only the condition that the characteristic values are all on the virtual axis needs to be studied, that is, the following system is considered:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,representing the control gain of the system as a constant matrix;
step 2, designing an ellipsoid set
The following two sets were designed:
wherein ξi(t) > 0 is a time-varying low-gain parameter;is a symmetric positive definite matrix; i denotes running to the ith subsystem,| | represents a 2 norm of a vector or matrix;
Step 3, designing a dynamic gain scheduling controller and average residence time
Designing a dynamic gain scheduling controller
Wherein, BiIndicating the controller gain, ξi(t) > 0 is a time-varying low gain parameter of the form
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,ξi(0)<λ<2ξi(0) wherein, λ is a normal number, niDimension, ξ, representing the ith subsystemi(0) Indicates the ith subsystem lowAn initial value of the gain parameter; thetaci=θci(ξi(0) Equal to or greater than 1 is a normal number, and is calculated by the following form
Wherein U (ξ)i(t)) is solved by the following parametric Lyapunov equation
Time-varying low-gain parameter of the above-described form for any given initial value ξi(0) A convergence to a bounded value is achieved when the value is more than 0, and the bounded value is calculated by a low-gain parameter expression; average residence time is satisfiedWherein μ is a constant greater than 1; p (xi)i(t)) > 0 is a symmetric positive definite matrix, solved by the parametric Riccati equation:
Ai TP(ξi(t))+P(ξi(t))Ai-P(ξi(t))BiBi TP(ξi(t))=-ξi(t)P(ξi(t))
step 4, stability analysis
Substituting the designed dynamic gain scheduling controller (1) into a hypersonic aircraft state space model to obtain a closed loop system
According to the Lyapunov stability theorem, a Lyapunov function is selected
Vi(x,t)=η(ξi(t))xTP(ξi(t))x
To stabilize the closed loop system, only one needs to be usedTo make the patient feelThen only need toIn which ξi(0)<λ<2ξi(0) (ii) a The following equation is obtained
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CN113485101A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-08 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Gain scheduling control method for actuator saturated multi-agent system |
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