CN112902754A - Infrared camera laser protection device and method based on digital micromirror device - Google Patents
Infrared camera laser protection device and method based on digital micromirror device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an infrared camera laser protection device and method based on a digital micromirror device. The invention can filter the incident infrared laser of any wave band according to the intensity, has very wide protection bandwidth, simultaneously benefits from the high damage threshold value and the quick response deflection capability of the metal micro-reflector of the digital micro-reflector device, and is additionally provided with an image acquisition processing module which can detect whether the infrared laser is incident or not in real time and a laser threat processing module which controls the metal micro-reflector of the digital micro-reflector device to deflect and filter the incident laser, so that the laser protection structure has very high laser damage threshold value and quick response speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a laser protection technology based on reflective linear optics, and particularly relates to an infrared camera laser protection device and method based on a digital micromirror device.
Background
At present, a staring infrared imaging detection technology becomes a key development direction of photoelectric detection, but because a staring infrared imaging system adopts a staring working mode, an infrared camera accumulates target infrared radiation energy for a long time, and the target infrared radiation energy is easily interfered, blinded and damaged by tactical high-energy laser weapons.
Compared with the rapid development of the laser technology and the wide application of the laser technology in the military field, the development of the laser protection technology is relatively slow. The wavelength of various laser devices is more and more, and broadband tunable laser is also available; the effective blind damage distance of the laser is longer and longer, the power and the energy are higher and higher, and the quality of the laser beam is better and better. The existing infrared imaging system faces high-energy laser interference of more wave bands, and the existing laser protection technology has the problems of insufficient protection threshold, overhigh insertion loss, slow protection effective time and the like, so that the technology for developing the infrared imaging system to resist laser interference, cause blindness and damage has great military application value.
The existing laser protection technology theory mainly comprises a linear optical principle, a nonlinear optical principle and a phase change principle. Laser protection technologies based on linear optics include diffractive, absorptive and reflective. The diffraction type uses a three-dimensional phase grating, which has high transparency and narrow guard bandwidth, but has high requirement on manufacturing process and limited field angle. The absorption type uses inorganic or organic dye to absorb incident laser, the inorganic dye has stable absorption performance, high damage threshold value and poor selectivity to wave band, and the organic dye has wide protection wave band and poor stability. The reflective type mainly plates a plurality of high-reflection film layers on the optical window, so that incident laser is reflected and scattered, the damage threshold is high, the protection bandwidth is narrow, the field range is small, and the process difficulty is high. The laser protection technology based on the linear optical principle has the problems that the protection wave band is not subjected to intensity division protection and the intensity selectivity is not achieved.
The laser protection technology based on the nonlinear optical principle achieves the purpose of laser protection by using a nonlinear optical material, the nonlinear optical material mainly comprises liquid crystal, photorefractive crystal, semiconductor, biological material, metal organic compound and the like, the nonlinear protection principle comprises self-condensation, nonlinear scattering, nonlinear refraction, excited state absorption, two-photon absorption and the like, the laser protection technology based on the nonlinear optical principle can protect multi-wavelength laser and broadband tunable laser, the linear transmittance is high, and the protection effect on high-energy laser is poor.
VO is used in laser protection technology based on phase change principle2Or V2O5And the materials utilize the temperature-induced phase change principle to realize laser protection, have high efficiency of high-energy laser protection outside the working waveband of the imaging system, but have long reaction time and can not protect the laser in the working waveband of the imaging system.
The existing laser protection technology has respective defects, and with the development of the current spatial light modulation technology and the application and popularization of the digital micromirror device, the digital micromirror device is applied to laser protection, and the defects of the existing laser protection technology are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an infrared camera laser protection device and method based on a digital micromirror device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides an infrared camera laser protection device based on a digital micromirror device, which comprises a first achromatic lens, the digital micromirror device, a laser threat processing module, a second achromatic lens, a reflector, a third achromatic lens, an infrared imaging detector, a micromirror and pixel relation mapping module and an image acquisition processing module, wherein the first achromatic lens is used for acquiring images;
the first achromatic lens is used for imaging a target scene onto the surface of a two-dimensional array of a metal micro mirror of the digital micro mirror device;
the digital micromirror device is formed by arranging millions of metal micromirrors in a two-dimensional array and is used for reflecting received light of a target scene out of the protective structure or reflecting the received light of the target scene to the surface of the second achromatic lens;
the reflector is used for changing the structure of a light path and reflecting the light of the target scenery passing through the second achromatic lens to the surface of the third achromatic lens;
the third achromatic lens is used for imaging the target scene light reflected by the reflector onto the surface of the infrared imaging detector;
the infrared imaging detector is used for performing photoelectric signal conversion on a target scene image formed by the third achromatic lens to obtain a digital image signal;
the laser threat processing module is used for controlling the deflection direction of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device according to whether a laser signal exists or not;
the micromirror and pixel relation mapping module is used for storing a space corresponding optical system of digital image pixels of the digital micromirror device and the infrared imaging detector;
the image acquisition processing module is used for acquiring and processing the digital image signals generated by the infrared imaging detector, detecting whether laser signals exist in the digital image signals, and feeding back the detection result to the laser threat processing module.
In the above-described aspect, the first achromatic lens and the second achromatic lens are made of the same material and have the same focal length and geometric size.
In the above scheme, the optical axis of the first achromatic lens coincides with the normal at the center of the two-dimensional array of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device, and the optical axis of the second achromatic lens forms an included angle of 24 degrees with the normal at the center of the two-dimensional array of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an infrared camera laser protection method based on the digital micromirror device, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), using a first achromatic lens to image a target scene onto the surface of a two-dimensional metal micro-mirror array of a digital micro-mirror device;
step (2), the laser threat processing module controls all metal micro mirrors of the digital micro mirror device to reflect the received light of the target scenery out of the protective structure or reflect the received light of the target scenery to the surface of the second achromatic lens according to the laser threat state detected by the image acquisition processing module;
step (3), the second achromatic lens collects the light of the target scenery reflected by the digital micromirror device and converges the light to the surface of the reflector;
step (4), the light of the target scenery enters a third achromatic lens after being reflected by a reflector, and finally the light is imaged on the surface of an infrared imaging detector;
step (5), the infrared imaging detector performs photoelectric signal conversion on a target scene image formed by the third achromatic lens to obtain a digital image signal;
and (6) the image acquisition processing module stores and processes the digital image signals obtained by the infrared imaging detector and detects laser threats in the digital image signals.
In the scheme, in the method, the target scenery is imaged on the surface of a two-dimensional array of a metal micro-mirror of a digital micro-mirror device and the surface of an infrared imaging detector respectively, the corresponding relation between the digital image pixel of the digital micro-mirror device and the digital image pixel of the infrared imaging detector is obtained, and the corresponding optical systems of the metal micro-mirror and the digital image pixel are stored in a micro-mirror and pixel relation mapping module.
In the above scheme, the step (2) specifically comprises: when laser threat exists and the laser threat processing module controls the deflection angle of a certain metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device to be-12 degrees, the metal micro-mirror reflects the received light of the target scenery out of the protection structure; when the laser threat processing module controls the deflection angle of a certain metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device to be +12 degrees, the metal micro-mirror reflects the received target scene light to the surface of the second achromatic lens.
In the above scheme, the step (6) specifically comprises:
a. setting a laser protection threshold T;
b. detecting digital image signals obtained by an infrared imaging detector frame by frame, finding out all pixel points which are more than or equal to a set laser protection threshold value T, and generating a digital micromirror device control signal according to the corresponding relation between a digital micromirror device metal micro-reflector and an infrared imaging detector digital image pixel stored in a micromirror and pixel relation mapping module;
c. and sending the generated digital micromirror control signal to a digital micromirror device control module.
In the scheme, the control signal is a bitmap with 1bit depth, the size of the bitmap is the same as the specification of a two-dimensional array of a metal micro-reflector of a digital micro-reflector device, 0 in the bitmap of the control signal represents that the metal micro-reflector deflects by +12 degrees, so that target scenery light on the metal micro-reflector can be normally imaged, and 1 in the bitmap of the control signal represents that the metal micro-reflector deflects by-12 degrees, so that the light on the metal micro-reflector is reflected out of the protection structure; the control signals of the metal micro-reflectors corresponding to the T pixel points which are more than or equal to the set laser protection threshold value in the control signal bitmap and the digital image signal are all 1, and the rest are all 0.
In the scheme, the digital micromirror device control signal received by the digital micromirror device control module is continuously detected, and when 3 continuous frames of signals at a certain fixed position in a control signal bitmap are all 1, the corresponding metal micromirror is deflected by-12 degrees; every second, the metal micromirror with a deflection angle of-12 ° is deflected to +12 °.
Compared with the prior art, the laser protection structure can filter incident infrared laser in any wave band according to intensity, has very wide protection bandwidth, simultaneously benefits from the high damage threshold and the quick response deflection capability of the metal micro-reflector of the digital micro-reflector device, and is provided with the image acquisition processing module which can detect whether the infrared laser is incident or not in real time and the laser threat processing module which controls the deflection of the metal micro-reflector of the digital micro-reflector device to filter the incident laser, so that the laser protection structure has very high laser damage threshold and quick response speed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser protection structure of an infrared camera based on a digital micromirror device for normally imaging a target scene according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a digital micromirror device in an infrared camera laser protection structure according to the present invention, in which a part of a metal micromirror device of the digital micromirror device operates in a laser protection state.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific geometric relationship between a first achromatic lens, a digital micromirror device, a metal micromirror thereof, and a second achromatic lens in an infrared camera laser protection structure based on the digital micromirror device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an infrared camera laser protection structure based on a digital micromirror device, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, including:
the system comprises a first achromatic lens, a digital micromirror device, a laser threat processing module, a second achromatic lens, a reflector, a third achromatic lens, an infrared imaging detector, a micromirror and pixel relation mapping module and an image acquisition processing module;
the first achromatic lens images a target scene to the surface of a two-dimensional array of a metal micro mirror of the digital micro mirror device;
the digital micromirror device is formed by arranging millions of metal micromirrors in a two-dimensional array, each metal micromirror can independently receive an electric signal, can deflect +12 degrees after receiving an on signal, and can deflect-12 degrees after receiving an off signal; the two-dimensional array plane of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device is positioned on the image surface of the first achromatic lens, when the deflection angle of a certain metal micro-mirror is minus 12 degrees, the metal micro-mirror reflects the received target scenery light out of the protective structure, and when the deflection angle of a certain metal micro-mirror is plus 12 degrees, the metal micro-mirror reflects the received target scenery light to the surface of the second achromatic lens;
the laser threat processing module is used for controlling the deflection direction (+/-12 degrees) of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device;
the second achromatic lens and the first achromatic lens are made of the same material, have the same focal length and geometric dimension, and collect the light of the target scenery reflected by the metal micro-reflector of the digital micro-mirror device and make the light converge on the surface of the reflector;
the reflector is used for changing the light path structure and reflecting the target scene light rays passing through the second achromatic lens to the surface of the third achromatic lens;
the third achromatic lens images the target scene light reflected by the reflector to the surface of the infrared imaging detector;
the infrared imaging detector is used for performing photoelectric signal conversion on a target scene image formed by the third achromatic lens to obtain a digital image signal;
the micro-mirror and pixel relation mapping module is used for storing a space corresponding optical system of a digital image pixel of the digital micro-mirror device metal micro-mirror and the infrared imaging detector;
the image acquisition processing module is used for acquiring and processing digital image signals generated by the infrared imaging detector, detecting whether laser signals exist in the digital image signals, and feeding back detection results to the laser threat processing module.
The optical axis of the first achromatic lens coincides with the normal line of the center of the two-dimensional array of the metal micro reflector of the digital micro reflector device, and the optical axis of the second achromatic lens forms an included angle of 24 degrees with the normal line of the center of the two-dimensional array of the metal micro reflector of the digital micro reflector device.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides an infrared camera laser protection method based on the digital micromirror device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) imaging a target scene onto a two-dimensional metal micro-mirror array surface of a digital micro-mirror device by using a first achromatic lens;
(2) the laser threat processing module controls all metal micro mirrors of the digital micro mirror device to deflect by +12 degrees and reflects the light of the target scenery to the surface of the second achromatic lens;
(3) the second achromatic lens collects the light of the target scenery reflected by the digital micromirror device and converges the light to the surface of the reflector;
(4) the light of the target scenery enters a third achromatic lens after being reflected by a reflector, and finally is imaged on the surface of an infrared imaging detector;
(5) the infrared imaging detector performs photoelectric signal conversion on a target scene image formed by the third achromatic lens to obtain a digital image signal;
(5) after the position of each optical element in the whole protection structure is fixed, because the target scenery is imaged on the two-dimensional array surface of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device and the surface of the infrared imaging detector respectively, according to the geometrical optics knowledge, the corresponding relation of the digital image pixels of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device and the infrared imaging detector can be obtained, and the corresponding optical systems of the metal micro-mirror and the digital image pixels are stored in the micro-mirror and pixel relation mapping module;
(6) the image acquisition processing module stores and processes digital image signals obtained by the infrared imaging detector, detects laser threats in the digital image signals, converts the digital image signals into digital micromirror device control signals by utilizing the corresponding relation between the digital micromirror device metal micro-mirror and the infrared imaging detector digital image pixels stored in the micro-mirror and pixel relation mapping module, and sends the digital micromirror device control signals to the digital micromirror device control module.
(7) The digital micromirror device control module receives a digital micromirror device control signal sent by the image acquisition processing module, controls the deflection of the metal micromirror device according to the received digital micromirror control signal, and reflects an incident laser signal to be filtered out of the protective structure; when the digital micromirror device has the metal reflecting micromirrors which reflect light out of the protective structure, the digital micromirror device control module controls the metal reflecting micromirrors to detect the laser threat state, and determines the subsequent state of the metal reflecting micromirrors according to the feedback determination of the image acquisition processing system.
(8) The laser threat detection process in the image signal by the image acquisition processing module is as follows:
a. setting a laser protection threshold T (250 can be taken for an 8-bit infrared camera);
b. detecting digital image signals obtained by the infrared imaging detector frame by frame, finding out all pixel points (under normal conditions, no such pixel points should exist) which are more than or equal to a set laser protection threshold value T, and generating a digital micromirror device control signal according to the corresponding relation between a digital micromirror device metal micromirror and a digital image pixel of the infrared imaging detector, which is stored in a micromirror and pixel relation mapping module; the control signal is a set of 1bit deep bitmap, the size of the control signal is the same as the specification of a two-dimensional array of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device (for example, for the digital micro-mirror device of 1920 multiplied by 1080, the size of the bitmap is also 1920 multiplied by 1080), 0 in the control signal bitmap represents that the metal micro-mirror deflects by +12 degrees, so that the light of a target scene on the metal micro-mirror can be normally imaged, and 1 in the control signal bitmap represents that the metal micro-mirror deflects by-12 degrees, so that the light on the metal micro-mirror is reflected out of the protection structure; the control signals of the metal micro-reflectors corresponding to the T pixel points which are more than or equal to the set laser protection threshold value in the control signal bitmap and the digital image signal are all 1, and the rest are all 0;
c. and sending the generated digital micromirror control signal to a digital micromirror device control module.
(9) The laser threat state detection process of the digital micromirror device control module is as follows:
d. continuously detecting a digital micromirror device control signal received by a digital micromirror device control module, and deflecting the corresponding metal micromirror by-12 degrees when the continuous 3 frames of a signal at a certain fixed position in a control signal bitmap are all 1;
e. every second, the metal micro-reflector with the deflection angle of-12 degrees is deflected to +12 degrees;
when no laser threat exists, all metal micro-mirrors of the digital micro-mirror device are positioned at +12 degrees, and the normal imaging of the target scenery is completed; when laser threats appear, detecting the laser threats, controlling the corresponding metal micro-reflectors to deflect to-12 degrees, and reflecting laser signals out of the protective structure; when the laser threat exists continuously, after the step e is executed, the laser threat is detected in the step d, but then the laser signal is reflected out of the protective structure; when the existing laser threat disappears, after step e is executed, the laser threat can not be detected in step d any more, and then the protective structure can normally image the target scene.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An infrared camera laser protection device based on a digital micromirror device is characterized by comprising a first achromatic lens, the digital micromirror device, a laser threat processing module, a second achromatic lens, a reflector, a third achromatic lens, an infrared imaging detector, a micromirror and pixel relation mapping module and an image acquisition processing module;
the first achromatic lens is used for imaging a target scene onto the surface of a two-dimensional array of a metal micro mirror of the digital micro mirror device;
the digital micromirror device is formed by arranging millions of metal micromirrors in a two-dimensional array and is used for reflecting received light of a target scene out of the protective structure or reflecting the received light of the target scene to the surface of the second achromatic lens;
the reflector is used for changing the structure of a light path and reflecting the light of the target scenery passing through the second achromatic lens to the surface of the third achromatic lens;
the third achromatic lens is used for imaging the target scene light reflected by the reflector onto the surface of the infrared imaging detector;
the infrared imaging detector is used for performing photoelectric signal conversion on a target scene image formed by the third achromatic lens to obtain a digital image signal;
the laser threat processing module is used for controlling the deflection direction of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device according to whether a laser signal exists or not;
the micromirror and pixel relation mapping module is used for storing a space corresponding optical system of digital image pixels of the digital micromirror device and the infrared imaging detector;
the image acquisition processing module is used for acquiring and processing the digital image signals generated by the infrared imaging detector, detecting whether laser signals exist in the digital image signals, and feeding back the detection result to the laser threat processing module.
2. The dmd-based infrared camera laser guard of claim 1, wherein the first and second achromatic lenses are made of the same material and have the same focal length and geometry.
3. The laser protection device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the optical axis of the first achromatic lens coincides with the normal of the center of the two-dimensional array of metal micromirrors of the dmd, and the optical axis of the second achromatic lens forms an included angle of 24 ° with the normal of the center of the two-dimensional array of metal micromirrors of the dmd.
4. A laser protection method of an infrared camera based on a digital micromirror device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), using a first achromatic lens to image a target scene onto the surface of a two-dimensional metal micro-mirror array of a digital micro-mirror device;
step (2), the laser threat processing module controls all metal micro mirrors of the digital micro mirror device to reflect the received light of the target scenery out of the protective structure or reflect the received light of the target scenery to the surface of the second achromatic lens according to the laser threat state detected by the image acquisition processing module;
step (3), the second achromatic lens collects the light of the target scenery reflected by the digital micromirror device and converges the light to the surface of the reflector;
step (4), the light of the target scenery enters a third achromatic lens after being reflected by a reflector, and finally the light is imaged on the surface of an infrared imaging detector;
step (5), the infrared imaging detector performs photoelectric signal conversion on a target scene image formed by the third achromatic lens to obtain a digital image signal;
and (6) the image acquisition processing module stores and processes the digital image signals obtained by the infrared imaging detector and detects laser threats in the digital image signals.
5. The laser protection method of an infrared camera based on a digital micro-mirror device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that in the method, the target scenery is imaged on the surface of the two-dimensional array of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device and the surface of the infrared imaging detector respectively, the corresponding relationship between the digital image pixels of the digital micro-mirror device and the metal micro-mirror is obtained, and the corresponding optical systems of the metal micro-mirror and the digital image pixels are stored in the micro-mirror and pixel relationship mapping module.
6. The laser protection method of the infrared camera based on the digital micro-mirror device as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the step (2) is specifically as follows: when laser threat exists and the laser threat processing module controls the deflection angle of a certain metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device to be-12 degrees, the metal micro-mirror reflects the received light of the target scenery out of the protection structure; when the laser threat processing module controls the deflection angle of a certain metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device to be +12 degrees, the metal micro-mirror reflects the received target scene light to the surface of the second achromatic lens.
7. The laser protection method of the infrared camera based on the digital micro-mirror device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step (6) is specifically as follows:
a. setting a laser protection threshold T;
b. detecting digital image signals obtained by an infrared imaging detector frame by frame, finding out all pixel points which are more than or equal to a set laser protection threshold value T, and generating a digital micromirror device control signal according to the corresponding relation between a digital micromirror device metal micro-reflector and an infrared imaging detector digital image pixel stored in a micromirror and pixel relation mapping module;
c. and sending the generated digital micromirror control signal to a digital micromirror device control module.
8. The laser protection method of the infrared camera based on the digital micro-mirror device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the control signal is a bitmap with 1bit depth, the size of the bitmap is the same as the specification of the two-dimensional array of the metal micro-mirror of the digital micro-mirror device, 0 in the bitmap of the control signal represents that the metal micro-mirror deflects by +12 degrees, so that the light of the target scenery on the metal micro-mirror can be normally imaged, 1 in the bitmap of the control signal represents that the metal micro-mirror deflects by-12 degrees, and the light on the metal micro-mirror is reflected out of the protection structure; the control signals of the metal micro-reflectors corresponding to the T pixel points which are more than or equal to the set laser protection threshold value in the control signal bitmap and the digital image signal are all 1, and the rest are all 0.
9. The laser protection method of the infrared camera based on the digital micromirror device of claim 8, wherein the digital micromirror device control signal received by the digital micromirror device control module is continuously detected, and when the continuous 3 frames of the signal at a certain fixed position in the control signal bitmap are all 1, the corresponding metal micromirror is deflected by-12 °; every second, the metal micromirror with a deflection angle of-12 ° is deflected to +12 °.
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