CN112901155A - Underground data collection device and system - Google Patents
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- CN112901155A CN112901155A CN202110064630.5A CN202110064630A CN112901155A CN 112901155 A CN112901155 A CN 112901155A CN 202110064630 A CN202110064630 A CN 202110064630A CN 112901155 A CN112901155 A CN 112901155A
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Abstract
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a downhole data collection device and system, including a first processing unit, on one hand, receiving observation data of at least one data measurement instrument, performing formatting processing on the observation data to obtain uplink observation data, and sending the uplink observation data to a second processing unit, so that the second processing unit sends the encoded uplink observation data to a ground processing unit after performing encoding processing on the uplink observation data to obtain encoded uplink observation data; and on the other hand, downlink control data sent by the second processing unit is received, the downlink control data is analyzed to obtain a control instruction, and the control instruction is sent to the corresponding data measuring instrument. The embodiment can realize the unified collection and report of the observation data collected by various underground data measuring instruments to the ground part, and simultaneously realize the control and management of the ground part on the various underground data measuring instruments, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of underground observation.
Description
Technical Field
One or more embodiments of the present description relate to the field of downhole observation technologies, and in particular, to a downhole data collection device and system.
Background
In an underground comprehensive observation system, a plurality of data measuring instruments such as seismometers, geomagnetism instruments and strain sensors are generally arranged at the bottom of a well with the depth of 300-3000 meters, observation data collected by the various data measuring instruments need to be uploaded to a ground processing unit in a unified mode to realize underground data observation, and meanwhile, the ground processing unit needs to issue control instructions to the data measuring instruments to facilitate unified management and control of the data measuring instruments. Because the data content, data volume, data interface and the like acquired by each data measuring instrument are different, a data collecting device between the underground data measuring instrument and the ground processing unit is needed, on one hand, the data acquired by each data measuring instrument are collected and uniformly sent to the ground processing unit, and on the other hand, the control instruction issued by the ground processing unit is forwarded to the corresponding data measuring instrument.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a downhole data collecting apparatus and system to solve the problem of data collection and processing between a downhole data measuring instrument and a surface processing unit.
In view of the above, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a downhole data collection device comprising:
the system comprises a first processing unit, a ground processing unit and a second processing unit, wherein the first processing unit is used for receiving observation data of at least one data measuring instrument, formatting the observation data to obtain uplink observation data, and sending the uplink observation data to the second processing unit so that the second processing unit codes the uplink observation data to obtain coded uplink observation data and then sends the coded uplink observation data to the ground processing unit; the downlink control data is used for receiving the downlink control data sent by the second processing unit, analyzing the downlink control data to obtain a control instruction, and sending the control instruction to a corresponding data measuring instrument; the downlink control data is obtained by the second processing unit receiving the encoded downlink control data sent by the ground processing unit and decoding the encoded downlink control data.
Optionally, the observation data includes an instrument address of the data measurement instrument and corresponding data content; the first processing unit includes:
the first transceiver module is used for receiving the observation data;
the preprocessing module is used for analyzing the observation data to obtain at least one group of instrument addresses and corresponding data contents, and storing each group of instrument addresses and corresponding data contents in a collection storage area;
and the formatting processing module is used for formatting the data in the collection storage area to obtain the uplink observation data.
Optionally, the formatting processing module is configured to read data with a predetermined data length from the collection storage area, and package a part of the read data serving as a data part according to a predetermined format to obtain the uplink observation data.
Optionally, the data content includes measurement data collected by the data measurement instrument and/or operating parameters of the data measurement instrument, and the collection storage area includes a data area for storing the measurement data and a parameter area for storing the operating parameters.
Optionally, the downlink control data includes an instrument address of the data measurement instrument and a corresponding control instruction; the first processing unit includes:
the second transceiver module is used for receiving the downlink control data;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing and processing the downlink control data to obtain at least one group of instrument addresses and corresponding control instructions;
and the first transceiver module is used for sending the control instruction corresponding to the instrument address to the corresponding data measuring instrument according to the instrument address.
Optionally, the control instruction includes a time parameter;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing the downlink control data to obtain the time parameter;
and the first transceiver module is used for sending the time parameters to all the data measuring instruments so that each data measuring instrument carries out time calibration according to the time parameters.
Optionally, the downlink control data further includes a switching instruction for switching a transmission line; the first processing unit includes:
at least one second transceiver module, configured to send uplink observation data of different instrument addresses to the second processing unit, so that after the second processing unit codes the uplink observation data to obtain coded uplink observation data, the coded uplink observation data is sent to a ground processing unit through at least one transmission line, where the second transceiver modules correspond to the transmission lines one to one;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing the downlink control data to obtain the switching instruction;
and the switching module is used for switching the second transceiver module according to the switching instruction, sending the uplink observation data and receiving the downlink control data by using the switched second transceiver module, so that the second processing unit transmits the coded uplink observation data and the coded downlink control data through the switched transmission line.
Optionally, the switching instruction includes a line identifier that has a fault and a line identifier that is switched, each second transceiver module allocates a second transceiver module identifier, each transmission line allocates a line identifier, and the second transceiver module identifiers correspond to the line identifiers one to one;
the switching module is used for determining the line identifier with the fault and the line identifier switched according to the switching instruction; determining a corresponding second transceiver module identifier according to the line identifier with the fault, and stopping transmitting the uplink observation data and receiving the downlink control data by using the fault second transceiver module corresponding to the second transceiver module identifier; and determining a corresponding second transceiver module identifier according to the switched line identifier, and processing the data of the failed second transceiver module by using the switched second transceiver module corresponding to the second transceiver module identifier.
Optionally, the underground data collection device is connected with a bus interface type data measurement instrument through an FDCAN bus, and the bus interface type data measurement instrument includes one or more of a seismometer, a geomagnetic instrument, a strain gauge, an inclinometer and an accelerometer; the underground data collection device is connected with a serial interface type data measuring instrument through a serial port, and the serial interface type data measuring instrument comprises a north searching device.
The embodiment of the specification provides a downhole comprehensive observation system which comprises the downhole data collecting device.
As can be seen from the above, the downhole data collecting device and system provided in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure includes a first processing unit, which receives observation data of at least one data measuring apparatus, formats the observation data to obtain uplink observation data, and sends the uplink observation data to a second processing unit, so that the second processing unit sends the encoded uplink observation data to a surface processing unit after encoding the uplink observation data to obtain encoded uplink observation data; and on the other hand, downlink control data sent by the second processing unit is received, the downlink control data is analyzed to obtain a control instruction, and the control instruction is sent to the corresponding data measuring instrument. The underground data collecting device of the embodiment can realize the unified collection of observation data collected by various underground data measuring instruments and report the observation data to the ground part, and simultaneously realize the control and management of the ground part on the various underground data measuring instruments, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of underground observation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments or prior art solutions of the present specification, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one or more embodiments of the present specification, and that other drawings may be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort from these drawings.
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a downhole synthetic viewing system according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a first processing unit in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a second processing unit in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a second processing unit according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a portion of the data flow between a downhole data collection device and a surface processing unit in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present description;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a communication cycle for one or more embodiments of the present description;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of the present specification should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in one or more embodiments of the specification is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
As described in the background section, the downhole comprehensive observation system includes a surface portion and a downhole portion, the downhole portion includes various data measurement instruments arranged downhole, the various data measurement instruments are used for measuring various kinds of observation data downhole and transmitting the observation data to a surface processing unit of the surface portion, the surface processing unit realizes downhole observation according to the received various kinds of observation data, and meanwhile, the surface processing unit needs to realize monitoring by sending control instructions to the various data measurement instruments.
In the process of implementing the present disclosure, the applicant finds that the data collected by various data measurement instruments are different in data amount, data accuracy, data types, and the like, and the interfaces of the instruments are different, and if the various data measurement instruments are directly connected with the ground processing unit to implement data interaction between the data measurement instruments and the ground processing unit, not only wiring is complex, interference is large, maintenance is difficult, reliability is not high, but also various observed data need to be respectively processed, which is complex and tedious, and wastes resources.
Hereinafter, the technical means disclosed in the present specification will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a downhole data collection device, comprising:
the first processing unit is used for receiving observation data of at least one data measuring instrument, formatting the observation data to obtain uplink observation data, and sending the uplink observation data to the second processing unit, so that the second processing unit codes the uplink observation data to obtain coded uplink observation data, and then sends the coded uplink observation data to the ground processing unit; the downlink control data processing unit is used for receiving the downlink control data sent by the second processing unit, analyzing the downlink control data to obtain a control instruction, and sending the control instruction to the corresponding data measuring instrument; the downlink control data is obtained by the second processing unit receiving the encoded downlink control data sent by the ground processing unit and decoding the encoded downlink control data.
On one hand, the first processing unit receives observation data of each underground data measuring instrument, uniform formatting processing is carried out on the observation data to obtain uplink observation data, and then the second processing unit sends the uplink observation data to the ground processing unit after coding processing is carried out on the uplink observation data, so that uniform collection of the observation data is realized; on the other hand, the second processing unit receives the encoded downlink control data sent by the ground processing unit, the encoded downlink control data are obtained after decoding, the first processing unit analyzes the downlink control data to obtain control instructions corresponding to the data measuring instruments, and the control instructions are sent to the corresponding data measuring instruments, so that the ground processing unit manages and controls the data measuring instruments. By utilizing the underground data collecting device of the embodiment, the observation data collected by various underground data measuring instruments can be uniformly collected and reported to the ground part, and meanwhile, the ground part can control and manage the various data measuring instruments.
In some embodiments, the downhole data collection device is connected with the surface processing unit through a cable, data transmission interaction between the downhole part and the surface part is realized through the cable, the number of lines is reduced, signal interference is reduced, wiring is simplified, and maintenance is easy.
The underground data collecting device can be connected with various underground data measuring instruments through various data interfaces, so that the compatibility of different instruments can be realized conveniently. In one mode, the downhole data collection device is connected with bus interface type data measurement instruments through an FDCAN bus, wherein the bus interface type data measurement instruments include but are not limited to seismometers, geomagnetism instruments, strain gauges, inclinometers, accelerometers and the like; analog signals acquired by the bus interface type data measuring instruments are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the data acquisition device to obtain digital signals, and the digital signals of the bus interface type data measuring instruments are uniformly transmitted to the underground data collection device through the FDCAN bus. In another mode, the underground data collecting device is connected with the serial interface type data measuring instrument through a serial port, the serial interface type data measuring instrument comprises data measuring instruments supporting the serial interface, such as a north searching device, and the like, and digital signals collected by the serial interface type data measuring instrument are transmitted to the underground data collecting device through the serial port. Because the bus interface type data measuring instrument and the serial interface type data measuring instrument are different in data interface, data transmission rate, data quantity and the like, the underground data collecting device of the embodiment can simultaneously collect observation data of different data measuring instruments.
In some embodiments, the observation data includes an instrument address of the data measurement instrument and corresponding data content; the first processing unit includes:
the first transceiver module is used for receiving observation data;
the preprocessing module is used for analyzing and processing the observation data to obtain at least one group of instrument addresses and corresponding data contents, and storing each group of instrument addresses and corresponding data contents in a collection storage area;
and the formatting processing module is used for formatting the data in the collected storage area to obtain the uplink observation data.
In this embodiment, the observation data received by the downhole data collection device includes an instrument address and corresponding data content, that is, the observation data transmitted to the downhole data collection device by each data measurement instrument includes two parts, namely, a unique address of the instrument and data collected by the instrument. After a first transceiving module of the underground data collecting device receives observation data, a preprocessing module analyzes the observation data to obtain instrument addresses and data contents respectively corresponding to all data measuring instruments, the instrument addresses and the corresponding data contents are stored in a collecting storage area according to the instrument addresses, and a formatting processing module reads the data from the collecting storage area and performs uniform formatting processing to obtain processed uplink observation data. By collecting the observation data of each data measuring instrument according to the instrument address and carrying out uniform formatting processing, the ground processing unit can analyze the data collected by different data measuring instruments from the received data so as to carry out subsequent processing.
In some embodiments, the formatting processing module is configured to read data with a predetermined data length from the collection storage area, and package the read data serving as a data part according to a predetermined format to obtain the uplink observation data.
In this embodiment, the formatting processing module reads out at least one group of stored instrument addresses and corresponding data contents from the collection storage area, and encapsulates the data according to a preset uplink data encapsulation format with the read data as a data part to obtain uplink observation data, thereby implementing the uniformity of the data format.
In some embodiments, the data format of the uplink observation data is:
| upstream data initiation | Uplink data flag | Data part | End of uplink data |
Wherein, the uplink data is started by 2 bytes of characters, which can be defined as 1010101010101010; the upstream data flag is a 4-byte character, which can be defined as 0x00000000h, and this part is available for extension; the upstream data ends up as 2 bytes of characters, which can be defined as 1010101010101010; the data part is data read from the collection storage area, and the length of the data part is fixed to 8448 bytes; the data length of the upstream observation data is fixed to 8456 bytes, and if the data length read from the collection storage area is less than 8448 bytes, the data can be complemented with a specific character (for example, all zeros). In some modes, the data length of the encoded uplink observation data obtained by encoding the uplink observation data is 8456 bytes.
In some embodiments, the data content includes measurement data collected by the data measurement instrument and/or operating parameters of the data measurement instrument, and the collection storage area includes a data area for storing the measurement data and a parameter area for storing the operating parameters.
In this embodiment, the observation data received by the downhole data collecting device includes an instrument address and corresponding data content, the data content uploaded by the data measuring instrument includes collected measurement data and/or working parameters of the instrument itself, and the measurement data and the working parameters are respectively stored in the data area and the parameter area, which facilitates formatting of subsequent data. In some modes, the data measuring instrument transmits the currently acquired measurement data and the current working parameters of the instrument to the downhole data collecting device, in other modes, the data measuring instrument transmits the currently acquired measurement data to the downhole data collecting device, and when the data measuring instrument receives a transmitted control command for collecting the working parameters, the data measuring instrument transmits the current working parameters to the downhole data collecting device. For the measurement data, different data measurement instruments correspond to different measurement data, for example, the measurement data of a seismometer is vibration signals in three directions (east-west direction, south-north direction and vertical direction), the measurement data of a geomagnetic instrument is a magnetic field intensity signal and a magnetic field direction signal, the measurement data of a strain gauge is a mechanical signal, the measurement data of an inclinometer is an inclination change signal, and the measurement data of an accelerometer is an acceleration signal; for the working parameters, different data measurement instruments correspond to different working parameters, for example, the working parameters of the seismometer include zero signals, locking and swinging states, working temperature, sensitivity and the like, and the working parameters of the geomagnetism instrument include working temperature, working humidity, sensitivity and the like.
In some embodiments, the downlink control data includes an instrument address of the data measurement instrument and a corresponding control instruction; the first processing unit includes:
the second transceiver module is used for receiving downlink control data;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing and processing the downlink control data to obtain at least one group of instrument addresses and corresponding control instructions;
and the first transceiver module is used for sending the control instruction corresponding to the instrument address to the corresponding data measuring instrument according to the instrument address.
In this embodiment, the downhole data collecting device may receive downlink control data through the second transceiver module, where the downlink control data is obtained by decoding encoded downlink control data of the ground processing unit received by the second processing unit, the control instruction parsing module parses the downlink control data to obtain one or more groups of instrument addresses and corresponding control instructions, and the first transceiver module is used to send the control instructions to the data measurement instrument corresponding to the instrument addresses, so that the data measurement instrument performs specific actions according to the received control instructions.
In some embodiments, the control instruction is a command for controlling the data measurement instrument to perform a specific action, for example, a pendulum unlocking command for controlling the seismometer to open a pendulum and lock a pendulum, a zeroing command for controlling the seismometer to perform a zeroing operation, an inquiry command for inquiring current operating parameters of the seismometer, and the like, and the specific content and form of the control instruction are not specifically limited in this embodiment.
In some embodiments, the control instructions include a time parameter;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing and processing the downlink control data to obtain a time parameter;
and the first transceiver module is used for transmitting the time parameters to all the data measuring instruments so that each data measuring instrument carries out time calibration according to the time parameters.
In this embodiment, since each data measurement instrument in the downhole comprehensive observation system is a precise instrument, and the various data measurement instruments in the system are required to achieve strict time synchronization to ensure the accuracy of the observation data of the downhole comprehensive observation system, the ground processing unit uniformly sends time parameters for synchronizing time to all the data measurement instruments, and all the data measurement instruments perform local time calibration according to the received time parameters to ensure the precise synchronization of all the instruments in the system.
In some embodiments, the downlink control data further includes a switching instruction for switching the transmission line; the first processing unit includes:
the at least one second transceiver module is used for sending the uplink observation data of different instrument addresses to the second processing unit, so that the second processing unit codes the uplink observation data to obtain coded uplink observation data, and then sends the coded uplink observation data to the ground processing unit through at least one transmission line, wherein the second transceiver module corresponds to the transmission line one by one;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing and processing the downlink control data to obtain a switching instruction;
and the switching module is used for switching the second transceiver module according to the switching instruction, sending the uplink observation data and receiving the downlink control data by using the switched second transceiver module, so that the second processing unit transmits the coded uplink observation data and the coded downlink control data through the switched transmission line.
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, the downhole data collecting device is connected to a plurality of data measuring instruments, and is capable of collecting the observation data of each data measuring instrument according to the instrument address, and the downhole data collecting device is connected to the ground processing unit through a multi-path transmission line, and is used for transmitting the encoded uplink observation data and the encoded downlink control data. Considering that some lines in the multi-path transmission line may have faults, the transmission line needs to be switched in time when the faults occur, so as to ensure normal transmission of the coded uplink observation data and the coded downlink control data and ensure the reliability of data transmission. Based on the purpose, the first processing unit is provided with a plurality of second transceiver modules, each of which is used for sending uplink observation data corresponding to different instrument addresses and receiving downlink control data corresponding to different instrument addresses, the second transceiver modules correspond to the transmission lines one by one, when the ground processing unit judges that one or more of the transmission lines have faults (can detect and judge whether the data are normally sent/received or whether the data with correct format are received or not), the coded downlink control data containing switching instructions are sent to the underground data collecting device, the second processing unit decodes the coded downlink control data and sends the decoded downlink control data to the first processing unit, the control instruction analysis module analyzes the downlink control data to obtain the switching instructions, the switching module switches the second transceiver modules according to the switching instructions, the second transceiver modules corresponding to the transmission lines with faults stop sending the data by using the second transceiver modules corresponding to the transmission lines with faults, And receiving data, and sending and receiving the data by using the switched second transceiving module to ensure the reliability of data transmission.
In some embodiments, the switching instruction includes a line identifier of the fault and a line identifier of the switching, each second transceiver module allocates a second transceiver module identifier, each transmission line allocates a line identifier, and the second transceiver module identifiers correspond to the line identifiers one to one;
the switching module is used for determining the line identifier with the fault and the switched line identifier according to the switching instruction; determining a corresponding second transceiver module identifier according to the line identifier with the fault, and stopping transmitting uplink observation data and receiving downlink control data by using the fault second transceiver module corresponding to the second transceiver module identifier; and determining a corresponding second transceiver module identifier according to the switched line identifier, and processing data of the failed second transceiver module by using the switched second transceiver module corresponding to the second transceiver module identifier.
In this embodiment, when the ground processing unit determines the faulty transmission line, a switching instruction is issued to the downhole data collection device, the downhole data collection device may determine the faulty transmission line and the transmission line to be switched by analyzing the switching instruction, then stop sending and receiving data by using the second transceiver module corresponding to the faulty transmission line, and uniformly switch the data to be processed by the second transceiver module corresponding to the faulty transmission line to the second transceiver module corresponding to the transmission line to be switched to send and receive data for processing, so that normal transmission of data can be ensured by switching to use a normal transmission line.
For example, the second transceiver module a is configured to transmit uplink observation data of the seismometer and receive downlink control data of the seismometer, the transmission line a is configured to transmit encoded uplink observation data and encoded downlink control data of the seismometer, the second transceiver module B is configured to transmit uplink observation data of the geomagnetism and receive downlink control data of the geomagnetism, and the transmission line B is configured to transmit encoded uplink observation data and encoded downlink control data of the geomagnetism; when the ground processing unit detects that the transmission line A has a fault, a switching instruction is sent to the underground data collecting device, the switching instruction comprises the transmission line A with the fault and a transmission line B to be switched, after the switching instruction is analyzed by the switching module, the transmission of the coded uplink observation data and the coded downlink control data of the seismometer is stopped by using the transmission line A, and the coded uplink observation data and the coded downlink control data of the seismometer, the coded uplink observation data and the coded downlink control data of the geomagnetic instrument are transmitted simultaneously by using the transmission line B.
In some application scenes, the underground data collecting device is connected with the ground processing unit through a seven-core cable, two core wires which are parallel to each other in pairs are set as a pair according to the arrangement characteristics of the seven-core cable, the pair is divided into three pairs of wires, the three pairs of wires are used as three-way transmission lines, and the three-way transmission lines are used for realizing bidirectional transmission of observation data and control instructions between the underground part and the ground part.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the second processing unit includes:
the receiving module is used for receiving the uplink observation data sent by the first processing unit;
the encoding module is used for encoding the uplink observation data to obtain encoded uplink observation data;
the third transceiving module is used for sending the coded uplink observation data to the ground processing unit and receiving the coded downlink control data sent by the ground processing unit;
the decoding module is used for decoding the encoded downlink control data to obtain the downlink control data;
and the sending module is used for sending the downlink control data to the first processing unit.
In this embodiment, the second processing unit receives the uplink observation data sent by the first processing unit, encodes the uplink observation data, and then sends the encoded uplink observation data to the ground processing unit, and receives the encoded downlink control data sent by the ground processing unit, decodes the encoded downlink control data, and then sends the decoded downlink control data to the first processing unit, and by performing encoding and decoding on the data, the accuracy and reliability of data transmission between the downhole part and the ground part can be ensured.
In some embodiments, the receiving module is configured to receive the uplink observation data in sequence;
and the coding module is used for reading data from the receiving module in sequence and carrying out Miller coding processing on the read data to obtain coded uplink observation data.
The decoding module is used for carrying out Miller decoding processing on the encoded downlink control data to obtain downlink control data;
and the sending module is used for sending the downlink control data in sequence.
In this embodiment, the receiving module receives the uplink observation data in sequence, the coding module reads the data from the receiving module in sequence, and performs miller coding on the read data to obtain coded uplink observation data, so that the problem of matching between the data transmission rate and the coding rate of the uplink observation data can be solved, data loss caused by rate mismatch is avoided, and data integrity and accuracy are ensured; the decoding module carries out Miller decoding on the encoded downlink control data, the sending module sends out the decoded downlink control data, the problem of rate matching of the data is solved, the integrity of the data is ensured, and the Miller encoding method is adopted, so that the encoding and decoding are simple and reliable, the identification is easy, and the processing speed is high.
In some modes, a receiving FIFO queue is adopted to receive uplink observation data in sequence, and an encoding module reads out data from the receiving FIFO queue in sequence and carries out Miller encoding; and transmitting the downlink control data by adopting the transmission FIFO queue.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the first processing unit is connected to the second processing unit through an SPI interface, a data transmission rate at which the first processing unit sends the upstream observation data to the second processing unit through the SPI interface is a first rate, and in some cases, the first rate is greater than a coding speed of the coding module.
In some embodiments, the encoded downlink control data includes a whole second flag, a control instruction, and a time parameter for time calibration;
the decoding module is used for identifying the second-integer mark, and after the position of the second-integer mark is determined, decoding processing is carried out on the encoded downlink control data from the position of the second-integer mark to obtain a decoded control instruction and a decoded time parameter;
and the sending module is used for sending the decoded control instruction and the decoded time parameter so that the first processing unit can analyze the control instruction and the time parameter according to the received decoded control instruction and the received decoded time parameter, sending the control instruction to the corresponding data measuring instruments, sending the time parameter to all the data measuring instruments, and carrying out time calibration on all the data measuring instruments according to the time parameter.
In this embodiment, the encoded downlink control data sent by the ground processing unit to the downhole data collecting device mainly includes a second-complete flag, a control instruction, and a time parameter, where the second-complete flag is used to identify the start of a communication cycle between the ground processing unit and the downhole data collecting device, and the encoded uplink observation data and the encoded downlink control data are interactively transmitted between the ground processing unit and the downhole data collecting device in a communication cycle. The control instruction is a control instruction sent by the ground processing unit to the data measuring instrument, and the data measuring instrument can execute a specific action according to the control instruction. The time parameter is a time parameter which is sent by the ground processing unit to all the data measuring instruments and used for calibrating time, and each measuring instrument carries out time calibration according to the time parameter, so that the time synchronization of each instrument in the underground comprehensive observation system can be ensured, and the accuracy of the observation data is ensured.
Referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, the data format of the encoded downlink control data is:
| lead code | Second mark | Downstream data flag | Time control code | Control data section |
The preamble is a character of 2 bytes, the second mark is a character of 2 bytes, the preamble and the second mark together form a whole second mark, and the whole second mark can be defined as 11001100000111110000011111001100; the downstream data flag is a 4-byte character, which can be defined as 0x00000000h, and this part is available for extension; the time control code is a character of 8 bytes, wherein 4 bytes are UTC time parameters, and the rest part can be used for expansion; the control data part comprises at least one group of instrument addresses and other control instructions such as corresponding control instructions and/or switching instructions, the length of the control data part is fixed to 528 bytes, and the data length of the encoded downlink control data is fixed to 544 bytes. In some embodiments, the data length of the downlink control data obtained by decoding the encoded downlink control data is also 544 bytes.
Referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, the third transceiver module is configured to receive the coded downlink control data in the first time period and transmit the coded uplink observation data in the second time period in one communication cycle.
In this embodiment, the downhole data collecting device transmits observation data collected by the data measuring instrument to the ground data processing unit, the ground data processing unit transmits a control instruction to the downhole data collecting device, and in order to implement bidirectional data transmission, the observation data and the control instruction are transmitted in a half-duplex manner, that is, in one communication cycle, the communication cycle is divided into a first time period and a second time period, in the first time period, the ground data processing unit transmits encoded downlink control data to the downhole data collecting device, and in the second time period, the downhole data collecting device transmits encoded uplink observation data to the ground data processing unit. By adopting a half-duplex data transmission mode, the data communication and control functions between the underground part and the ground part can be realized, the problem of long-distance long-line transmission is solved, and the reliability of data transmission is improved.
In some embodiments, one communication cycle is one entire second, and the entire second may be divided into a first time period during which control commands are transmitted from the surface portion to the downhole portion and a second time period during which downhole observation data is transmitted from the downhole portion to the surface portion.
In some embodiments, the receiving module is configured to receive a part of the uplink observation data when a communication cycle starts;
the decoding module is used for decoding the encoded downlink control data to obtain the downlink control data at the moment when the encoded downlink control data is received in the first time period;
and the sending module is used for sending a transmission permission signal to the first processing unit after sending part of the downlink control data so that the first processing unit continues to send part of the uplink observation data according to the transmission permission signal until all the downlink control data are sent and all the uplink observation data are received.
In this embodiment, to ensure that half-duplex communication is implemented in a communication cycle, in the data transmission process between a first processing unit and a second processing unit, when a decoding module recognizes a second flag and determines that a communication cycle starts, a receiving module starts to receive a part of uplink observation data, when a third transceiver module receives encoded downlink control data in a first time period, the decoding module starts to decode to obtain downlink control data, a sending module sends the partially decoded downlink control data to the first processing unit, and then sends a transmission permission signal to the first processing unit, when the first processing unit receives the transmission permission signal, the first processing unit continues to send a part of uplink observation data to the second processing unit, and the process of receiving a part of uplink observation data and sending a part of downlink control data is continued in the communication cycle until all uplink observation data in the communication cycle are received, and finishing all sending of downlink control data to finish data interaction of one communication period. Through the data transmission control process, continuous transmission and coding and decoding processing of data can be realized, and continuity and accuracy of data processing are ensured.
In some embodiments, the communication cycle is 1 second, the first time period is 60 milliseconds, the second time period is 940 milliseconds, the data length of the encoded downlink control data is 544 bytes, and the data length of the encoded uplink observation data is 8456 bytes;
the receiving module is used for receiving 450 bytes of uplink observation data when a communication cycle starts;
the decoding module is used for decoding the encoded downlink control data to obtain 544 bytes of downlink control data when receiving 544 bytes of encoded downlink control data in a first time period;
and the sending module is used for sending a transmission permission signal to the first processing unit after part of the downlink control data is sent, so that the first processing unit continues to send 450 bytes of uplink observation data according to the transmission permission information until all 544 bytes of downlink control data are sent and all 8456 bytes of uplink observation data are received.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the communication period is 1 second, wherein 60 mm is used for transmitting the encoded downlink control data, 940 ms is used for transmitting the encoded uplink observation data, and the data length of the encoded downlink control data is fixed to 544 bytes and the data length of the encoded uplink observation data is fixed to 8456 bytes. In a communication cycle, in the data transmission process of a first processing unit and a second processing unit, when the communication cycle is judged to be started, the first processing unit sends 450 bytes of uplink observation data to the second processing unit, a decoding module decodes all the encoded downlink control data received in a first time period to obtain 544 bytes of downlink control data, one part of the downlink control data is sent to the first processing unit, after part of the downlink control data is sent, a transmission permission signal is sent to the first processing unit, after the first processing unit receives the transmission permission signal, the 450 bytes of uplink observation data is continuously sent to the second processing unit, the second processing unit repeats the process of receiving part of the uplink observation data and sending part of the downlink control data until all the downlink control data are sent to the first processing unit, until all the uplink observation data are received. In some embodiments, the data transmission rate between the downhole data collection device and the surface processing unit is 72 Kbps.
As shown in fig. 8, in some embodiments, the second processing unit is connected to the ground processing unit through at least one set of transmission lines, and the second processing unit includes at least one set of receiving module, encoding module, decoding module, transmitting module and third transceiver module;
and the third transceiving module is used for sending the coded uplink observation data to the ground processing unit through the corresponding one-way transmission line and receiving the coded downlink control data sent by the ground processing unit.
In this embodiment, the downhole data collecting device is connected to the ground processing unit through a multi-path transmission line, and can transmit data through the multi-path transmission line, the second processing unit is provided with a plurality of sets of receiving modules, encoding modules, decoding modules, transmitting modules and third receiving and transmitting modules corresponding to the transmission line, when one or more transmission lines are in fault, the second receiving and transmitting modules and the set of receiving modules, encoding modules, decoding modules, transmitting modules and third receiving and transmitting modules corresponding to the faulty transmission line are stopped from being used for data processing, and the switched second receiving and transmitting modules and the set of receiving modules, encoding modules, decoding modules, transmitting modules and third receiving and transmitting modules are used for data processing through switching, so that normal data transmission is ensured, and reliability is improved.
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a downhole synthetic observation system, which includes at least one data measurement instrument disposed downhole, a data acquisition device, a downhole data collection device, and a surface processing unit disposed on the surface. The data collected by each data measuring instrument is processed into digital signals by the data collecting device, then is uniformly collected and processed by the underground data collecting device and is uniformly sent to the ground processing unit, and meanwhile, the ground processing unit uniformly sends control instructions to the underground data measuring instruments through the underground data collecting device, so that underground comprehensive observation can be realized, and the observation accuracy and reliability can be ensured.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the spirit of the present disclosure, features from the above embodiments or from different embodiments may also be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present description as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
In addition, well-known power/ground connections to Integrated Circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided figures, for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure one or more embodiments of the disclosure. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the understanding of one or more embodiments of the present description, and this also takes into account the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram devices are highly dependent upon the platform within which the one or more embodiments of the present description are to be implemented (i.e., specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the disclosure, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that one or more embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative instead of restrictive.
While the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic ram (dram)) may use the discussed embodiments.
It is intended that the one or more embodiments of the present specification embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements, and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A downhole data collection device, comprising:
the system comprises a first processing unit, a ground processing unit and a second processing unit, wherein the first processing unit is used for receiving observation data of at least one data measuring instrument, formatting the observation data to obtain uplink observation data, and sending the uplink observation data to the second processing unit so that the second processing unit codes the uplink observation data to obtain coded uplink observation data and then sends the coded uplink observation data to the ground processing unit; the downlink control data is used for receiving the downlink control data sent by the second processing unit, analyzing the downlink control data to obtain a control instruction, and sending the control instruction to a corresponding data measuring instrument; the downlink control data is obtained by the second processing unit receiving the encoded downlink control data sent by the ground processing unit and decoding the encoded downlink control data.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the observation data comprises an instrument address of the data measurement instrument and corresponding data content; the first processing unit includes:
the first transceiver module is used for receiving the observation data;
the preprocessing module is used for analyzing the observation data to obtain at least one group of instrument addresses and corresponding data contents, and storing each group of instrument addresses and corresponding data contents in a collection storage area;
and the formatting processing module is used for formatting the data in the collection storage area to obtain the uplink observation data.
3. The apparatus of claim 2,
and the formatting processing module is used for reading data with a preset data length from the collection storage area, and packaging the read data serving as a data part according to a preset format to obtain the uplink observation data.
4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein the data content comprises measurement data collected by the data measurement instrument and/or operating parameters of the data measurement instrument, and the collection storage area comprises a data area for storing the measurement data and a parameter area for storing the operating parameters.
5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the downstream control data comprises an instrument address of the data measurement instrument and a corresponding control command; the first processing unit includes:
the second transceiver module is used for receiving the downlink control data;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing and processing the downlink control data to obtain at least one group of instrument addresses and corresponding control instructions;
and the first transceiver module is used for sending the control instruction corresponding to the instrument address to the corresponding data measuring instrument according to the instrument address.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control instruction comprises a time parameter;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing the downlink control data to obtain the time parameter;
and the first transceiver module is used for sending the time parameters to all the data measuring instruments so that each data measuring instrument carries out time calibration according to the time parameters.
7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the downstream control data further includes a switching instruction for switching a transmission line; the first processing unit includes:
at least one second transceiver module, configured to send uplink observation data of different instrument addresses to the second processing unit, so that after the second processing unit codes the uplink observation data to obtain coded uplink observation data, the coded uplink observation data is sent to a ground processing unit through at least one transmission line, where the second transceiver modules correspond to the transmission lines one to one;
the control instruction analysis module is used for analyzing the downlink control data to obtain the switching instruction;
and the switching module is used for switching the second transceiver module according to the switching instruction, sending the uplink observation data and receiving the downlink control data by using the switched second transceiver module, so that the second processing unit transmits the coded uplink observation data and the coded downlink control data through the switched transmission line.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the switching command includes a line identifier of the failed line and a line identifier of the switching, each second transceiver module is assigned with a second transceiver module identifier, each transmission line is assigned with a line identifier, and the second transceiver module identifiers correspond to the line identifiers one to one;
the switching module is used for determining the line identifier with the fault and the line identifier switched according to the switching instruction; determining a corresponding second transceiver module identifier according to the line identifier with the fault, and stopping transmitting the uplink observation data and receiving the downlink control data by using the fault second transceiver module corresponding to the second transceiver module identifier; and determining a corresponding second transceiver module identifier according to the switched line identifier, and processing the data of the failed second transceiver module by using the switched second transceiver module corresponding to the second transceiver module identifier.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the downhole data collection device is connected to a bus interface type data measurement instrument through an FDCAN bus, and the bus interface type data measurement instrument comprises one or more of a seismometer, a geomagnetic instrument, a strain gauge, an inclinometer and an accelerometer; the underground data collection device is connected with a serial interface type data measuring instrument through a serial port, and the serial interface type data measuring instrument comprises a north searching device.
10. A downhole synthetic viewing system comprising a downhole data collection device according to any of claims 1-9.
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