CN112899076B - Method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material - Google Patents
Method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112899076B CN112899076B CN202110260161.4A CN202110260161A CN112899076B CN 112899076 B CN112899076 B CN 112899076B CN 202110260161 A CN202110260161 A CN 202110260161A CN 112899076 B CN112899076 B CN 112899076B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
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- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/003—Refining fats or fatty oils by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw materials, which utilizes a harmless biological adsorption carrier ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material to carry out adsorption pretreatment, and avoids the loss of effective components of ganoderma lucidum spore oil caused by the traditional high-temperature treatment of harmful substances; then, the adsorption carrier adsorbing harmful substances is effectively separated from the raw materials by adopting a sterilization double-layer filtration technology; not only removes harmful substances in the ganoderma spore oil raw material, but also reduces the impurity content in the raw material and improves the concentration of the total triterpenoids of the effective components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a method for removing harmful substances in a ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material.
Background
Ganoderma spore oil is yellow transparent liquid, and contains ganoderic acid and unsaturated fatty acid as main ingredients. The health-care product has various curative effects and can induce or promote phagocytosis of macrophages to directly and indirectly poison tumor cells. Can improve immunity, and reduce the occurrence of poor spirit, anorexia, emesis, alopecia, etc. caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
At the present stage, the ganoderma lucidum spore powder which is a production raw material of the ganoderma lucidum spore oil is contacted with plastic films or harmful substances such as plasticizers more or less inevitably in the processes of production, cultivation, collection, drying and the like, and the harmful substances are brought into the ganoderma lucidum spore oil, and the damage of the harmful substances to organisms is reported in recent years, so that how to remove the harmful substances in the ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material becomes the key point of research breakthrough of various manufacturers in the industry.
The invention provides a method for removing harmful substances in a ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material aiming at removing the harmful substances in the ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material, which can effectively remove the harmful substances, eliminate the harm of the harmful substances to organisms, remove a small amount of impurities in the raw material and provide guarantee for the downstream product quality of the ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: provides a method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw materials, and solves the problems of the background technology.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 80-100 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 40-50 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 2-8 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and intermittently stirring with a sterile stirrer at a stirring speed of 60-100rpm for 2-3h every 10-15min to obtain a mixed solution repeatedly for 3-6 times;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 3-5 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The harmless biological adsorption carrier is prepared by combined culture of a composite lactobacillus group and an inorganic mixture in a culture medium, and comprises the following specific steps:
1. placing the inorganic mixture in a muffle furnace according to the proportion, heating to 390-475 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 90-120min, cooling to 80-100 ℃, taking out, crushing to within 200um, and naturally cooling to room temperature for later use;
2. uniformly mixing the flora according to a proportion, putting the mixture into a culture medium A for culturing for 32-60h, then putting the fermentation broth into a centrifuge for centrifugal precipitation under the conditions of 3000-4500rpm for 200-300s to obtain a precipitate A;
3. dissolving the precipitate prepared in the step 2 in a culture medium B for culturing for 24-32h, and then centrifuging the precipitate under the conditions of the rotating speed of 2000-; washing the precipitate B with pure water for 3-5 times, and drying at 20-30 deg.C.
The composite lactobacillus flora is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2: 1 of lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus.
The inorganic mixture is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 1-3: 2-5 of montmorillonite, diatomite and charcoal powder, wherein the charcoal powder is prepared from corn straw, wheat straw and rice straw in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed to prepare the medicine.
The culture medium A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 portions of water, 16 to 20 portions of cane sugar, 6 to 8 portions of fish meal, 7 to 10 portions of soybean meal, 2 to 5 portions of NaCl, 5 to 7 portions of agar, 0.15 to 0.2 portion of ZnSO 4.7H2O 0.15, 0.2 to 0.3 portion of CaCl 2.2H2O 0.2, 0.3 to 0.5 portion of BaSO 4.5H2O 0.3, and the pH value is 6.3 to 6.8.
The culture medium B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of inorganic mixture, 980 parts of 750-25 parts of water, 15-25 parts of glucose, 7-12 parts of peanut cake powder, 5-11 parts of peptone, 3-5 parts of NaCl, 3-7 parts of agar, 0.2-0.4 part of NiSO 4.6H2O 0.2, 40.2-0.3 part of MgSO40, 3.9H 2O 0.1, 0.1-0.3 part of Cr (NO3), 0.3-0.5 part of BaSO 4.5H2O 0.3, and the pH value is 6.1-6.7.
The sterilization filter comprises a filter box, a filter mechanism and a liquid outlet pipe, wherein the bottom corner of the filter box is fixedly connected with a bottom column respectively, the side wall of the top of the filter box is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe communicated with the interior of the filter box, the top end of the filter box is clamped with a top plate, a fixed frame is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the top plate and fixedly clamped with a driving motor, the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the filter mechanism, and the filter mechanism is positioned in the filter box;
the filtering mechanism comprises a main rod, a plate frame and a first filtering layer, the main rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a driving motor and is rotatably connected with a top plate, the main rod penetrates through the top plate and is positioned in the filtering box, the side wall of the main rod is fixedly connected with at least two groups of vertically corresponding two fixed plates which are horizontally and oppositely distributed, the vertically arranged plate frame is detachably connected between the vertically corresponding two fixed plates, and the first filtering layer is embedded in the plate frame;
the utility model discloses a filter box, including the bottom fixedly connected with of rose box, the drain pipe of the inside intercommunication of rose box, just the inside fixed mounting of drain pipe has the second filtering layer, the one end through connection that the rose box was kept away from to the drain pipe has the drainage fill, the other end and the conveyer pipe screw thread of drainage fill cup joint, the one end and the middling pressure ultraviolet disinfector intercommunication of rose box are kept away from to the conveyer pipe.
Preferably, the bottom edge of roof fixedly connected with hydraulic telescoping rod respectively, hydraulic telescoping rod's stiff end fixedly connected with accepts the board, accept the lateral wall fixed connection of board and rose box.
Preferably, the bottom end of the plate frame is fixedly connected with an insertion plate, and the fixing plate at the corresponding position is provided with a clamping groove matched with the insertion plate.
Preferably, the top both sides of sheet frame are respectively through first bolt fixedly connected with connecting plate, and two connecting plates and the fixed plate joint that corresponds the position, just the connecting plate passes through first bolt and fixed plate fixed connection.
Preferably, the lateral wall fixedly connected with of drain pipe is close to the rose box mounting panel of two piece at least relative distributions, the mounting panel passes through the diapire fixed connection of second bolt and rose box.
Preferably, the side walls of the top plate and the liquid outlet pipe facing the filter box are fixedly provided with sealing gaskets.
The first filtering layer and the second filtering layer take ceramic filtering membranes as main bodies, and ultrafiltration coatings are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the main bodies, and the specific materials and the preparation method are as follows: 1. pretreatment of a ceramic filter membrane: cleaning a ceramic filter membrane by using a vacuum plasma cleaning machine for later use; 2. preparing a casting solution: then evenly mixing 10-25 parts of polyimide, 5-9 parts of 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide and 50-80 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide, and placing the mixture into a vacuum defoaming machine for standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution; 3. uniformly coating the prepared casting film liquid on the surface of a main body for 30-60s with the coating time controlled, baking the main body in a vacuum drying oven at 70-95 ℃ for 2.5-4.5h, taking out the main body, and placing the main body into a corona treatment machine with the voltage of 10-20 kv for corona treatment, wherein the height is 1.2-2.0mm, thus obtaining the catalyst.
The working principle of the device is as follows: when the sterilization filter is used, the ganoderma lucidum spore oil after adsorption treatment is conveyed to the inside of the filter box 2 through the liquid inlet pipe 4, then the driving motor 5 is started, the output shaft of the driving motor 5 drives the filter mechanism 3 to rotate, the first filter layer 17 is primarily filtered by depending on the mutual matching between the plate frame 15 and the first filter layer 17 in the filter mechanism 3, meanwhile, the continuous stirring can effectively improve the filtering efficiency, then the electromagnetic valve on the liquid outlet pipe 22 is started, the liquid outlet pipe 22 is communicated with the inside of the filter box 2, the ganoderma lucidum spore oil is secondarily filtered by the second filter layer 19 in the liquid outlet pipe 22, then the liquid outlet pipe 22, the drainage hopper 23 and the conveying pipe 10 are matched, the ganoderma lucidum spore oil after twice filtration is conveyed to the inside of the medium-pressure ultraviolet sterilizer 11 for sterilization, after the sterilization filter is used for a period of time, the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 is started, the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 drives the filter mechanism 3 to be far away from the filter box 2, the frame 15 is then removed to facilitate cleaning of the first filter layer 17 by the cooperation of the mounting plate 12, the connecting plate 14 and the first bolt 16, and the drain pipe 22 is removed by the cooperation of the mounting plate 21 and the second bolt 20 to facilitate cleaning of the second filter layer 19 inside the drain pipe 22.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the harmless biological adsorption carrier is used for carrying out adsorption pretreatment on the ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material, so that the loss of the effective components of the ganoderma lucidum spore oil caused by the traditional high-temperature treatment of harmful substances is avoided;
2. the adsorption carrier adsorbing harmful substances is effectively separated from the raw materials by using a sterilization and filtration technology;
3. the method of the invention is adopted to remove harmful substances in the ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material, and can also reduce the impurity content in the raw material and improve the concentration of the total triterpenoids of the effective components;
4. the sterilization filter used in the invention adopts double-layer filtration treatment, and the pest control rate can be effectively improved. Through mobile jib among the filter mechanism, mutually support between sheet frame and the first filtering layer, the output shaft that relies on driving motor drives the mobile jib and rotates, thereby drive sheet frame and first filtering layer and rotate, make first filtering layer carry out the first filtration to the inside mixed liquid of rose box, the impurity filtering in the mixed liquid, and mix the liquid through constantly stirring and can effectively improve the filterable efficiency of first time, in addition, rely on the inside second filtering layer of drain pipe, carry out the second filtration to the inside mixed liquid of outflow rose box, thereby improve the filter effect.
In order to make the method for removing harmful substances in the ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material more clear and more obvious, the invention is further described by combining the attached drawings and the specific embodiment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sterilizing filter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the stirring mechanism of the sterilizing filter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a plate frame structure of a sterilization filter;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1 sill pillar, 2 rose boxes, 3 filtering mechanism, 4 feed liquor pipes, 5 driving motor, 6 mounts, 7 roof, 8 hydraulic telescoping rod, 9 accept board, 10 conveyer pipes, 11 middling pressure ultraviolet disinfector, 12 fixed plates, 13 mobile jib, 14 connecting plates, 15 sheet frames, 16 first bolts, 17 first filtering layer, 18 insert board, 19 second filtering layer, 20 second bolts, 21 mounting panels, 22 drain pipes, 23 drainage fill.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Example 1
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 90 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 45 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the ganoderma spore oil raw material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 5 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and stirring intermittently by using a sterile stirrer under the stirring condition of stirring speed of 80rpm, standing for 2.2h every 12min of stirring, and repeating the steps for 5 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 4 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The harmless biological adsorption carrier is prepared by combined culture of a composite lactobacillus group and an inorganic mixture in a culture medium, and comprises the following specific steps:
1. putting the inorganic mixture into a muffle furnace according to a certain proportion, heating to 435 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 105min, cooling to 90 ℃, taking out, crushing to within 200um, and naturally cooling to room temperature for later use;
2. uniformly mixing the flora according to a certain proportion, putting the mixture into a culture medium A for culturing for 46h, then putting the fermentation liquor into a centrifugal machine for centrifugal precipitation, wherein the centrifugal condition is that the rotating speed is 3800rpm and the time is 250s, and obtaining a precipitate A;
3. dissolving the precipitate prepared in the step 2 in a culture medium B, culturing for 28h, and then centrifuging and precipitating at the rotating speed of 2600rpm for 175s to obtain a precipitate B; washing the precipitate B with pure water for 4 times, and drying at 25 deg.C.
The composite lactobacillus flora is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2: 1 of lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus.
The inorganic mixture is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 2: 3, montmorillonite, diatomite and charcoal powder, wherein the charcoal powder is prepared from corn straw, wheat straw and rice straw according to a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed to prepare the medicine.
The culture medium A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 900 parts of water, 18 parts of cane sugar, 7 parts of fish meal, 8.5 parts of soybean cake powder, 3.5 parts of NaCl, 6 parts of agar, 0.18 part of ZnSO 4.7H2O 0.18, 0.25 part of CaCl 2.2H2O 0.25 and 0.4 part of BaSO 4.5H2O 0.4, wherein the pH value is 6.5.
The culture medium B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of inorganic mixture, 860 parts of water, 20 parts of glucose, 9 parts of peanut cake powder, 8 parts of peptone, 4 parts of NaCl, 5 parts of agar, 0.3 part of NiSO 4.6H2O 0.3, 40.25 parts of MgSO40, 0.2 part of Cr (NO3) 3.9H 2O0.2 and 0.4 part of BaSO 4.5H2O 0.4, wherein the pH value is 6.4.
The sterilization filter comprises a filter box, a filter mechanism and a liquid outlet pipe, wherein the bottom corner of the filter box is fixedly connected with a bottom column respectively, the side wall of the top of the filter box is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe communicated with the interior of the filter box, the top end of the filter box is clamped with a top plate, a fixed frame is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the top plate and fixedly clamped with a driving motor, the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the filter mechanism, and the filter mechanism is positioned in the filter box;
the filtering mechanism comprises a main rod, a plate frame and a first filtering layer, the main rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a driving motor and is rotatably connected with a top plate, the main rod penetrates through the top plate and is positioned in the filtering box, the side wall of the main rod is fixedly connected with at least two groups of vertically corresponding two fixed plates which are horizontally and oppositely distributed, the vertically arranged plate frame is detachably connected between the vertically corresponding two fixed plates, and the first filtering layer is embedded in the plate frame;
the utility model discloses a filter box, including the bottom fixedly connected with of rose box, the drain pipe of the inside intercommunication of rose box, just the inside fixed mounting of drain pipe has the second filtering layer, the one end through connection that the rose box was kept away from to the drain pipe has the drainage fill, the other end and the conveyer pipe screw thread of drainage fill cup joint, the one end and the middling pressure ultraviolet disinfector intercommunication of rose box are kept away from to the conveyer pipe.
Preferably, the bottom edge of roof fixedly connected with hydraulic telescoping rod respectively, hydraulic telescoping rod's stiff end fixedly connected with accepts the board, accept the lateral wall fixed connection of board and rose box.
Preferably, the bottom end of the plate frame is fixedly connected with an insertion plate, and the fixing plate at the corresponding position is provided with a clamping groove matched with the insertion plate.
Preferably, the top both sides of sheet frame are respectively through first bolt fixedly connected with connecting plate, and two connecting plates and the fixed plate joint that corresponds the position, just the connecting plate passes through first bolt and fixed plate fixed connection.
Preferably, the lateral wall fixedly connected with of drain pipe is close to the rose box mounting panel of two piece at least relative distributions, the mounting panel passes through the diapire fixed connection of second bolt and rose box.
Preferably, the side walls of the top plate and the liquid outlet pipe facing the filter box are fixedly provided with sealing gaskets.
The first filtering layer and the second filtering layer take ceramic filtering membranes as main bodies, and ultrafiltration coatings are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the main bodies, and the specific materials and the preparation method are as follows: 1. pretreatment of a ceramic filter membrane: cleaning a ceramic filter membrane by using a vacuum plasma cleaning machine for later use; 2. preparing a casting solution: then taking 18 parts of polyimide, 7 parts of 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide and 65 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide, uniformly mixing, and placing into a vacuum defoaming machine for standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution; 3. uniformly coating the prepared casting film liquid on the surface of a main body for 45s with the coating time controlled, putting the main body into a vacuum drying oven at 82 ℃ for baking for 3.5h, taking out the main body, putting the main body into a corona treatment machine with the voltage of 15kv for corona treatment, and obtaining the product with the height of 1.6 mm.
Example 2
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 80 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 40 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the ganoderma spore oil raw material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 2 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and stirring intermittently by using a sterile stirrer under the stirring condition of 60rpm, standing for 2 hours every 10min of stirring, and repeating the steps for 3 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 3 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The harmless biological adsorption carrier is prepared by combined culture of a composite lactobacillus group and an inorganic mixture in a culture medium, and comprises the following specific steps:
1. placing the inorganic mixture in a muffle furnace according to a certain proportion, heating to 475 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 120min, cooling to 100 ℃, taking out, crushing to be within 200um, and naturally cooling to room temperature for later use;
2. uniformly mixing the flora according to a certain proportion, putting the mixture into a culture medium A, culturing for 60h, then putting the fermentation liquor into a centrifuge, and centrifuging and precipitating under the conditions of rotating speed of 4500rpm and time of 300s to obtain a precipitate A;
3. dissolving the precipitate prepared in the step 2 in a culture medium B, culturing for 32h, and then centrifuging and precipitating at the rotating speed of 3200rpm for 200s to obtain a precipitate B; washing the precipitate B with pure water for 5 times, and drying at 20-30 deg.C.
The composite lactobacillus flora is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2: 1 of lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus.
The inorganic mixture is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 5, montmorillonite, diatomite and charcoal powder, wherein the charcoal powder is prepared from corn straws, wheat straws and rice straws in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed to prepare the medicine.
The culture medium A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 parts of water, 16 parts of cane sugar, 6 parts of fish meal, 7 parts of soybean cake powder, 5 parts of NaCl, 7 parts of agar, 7 parts of ZnSO 4.7 7H2O0.2 parts, 0.3 part of CaCl 2.2H 2O0.3 parts and 0.5 part of BaSO 4.5H 2O 0.5 parts, wherein the pH value is 6.8.
The culture medium B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of inorganic mixture, 980 parts of water, 25 parts of glucose, 12 parts of peanut cake powder, 11 parts of peptone, 3 parts of NaCl, 3 parts of agar, 0.2 part of NiSO 4.6H2O 0.2, 40.2 parts of MgSO40, 3.9H 2O 0.1.1 parts of Cr (NO3), and 0.3 part of BaSO 4.5H2O 0.3, wherein the pH value is 6.1.
The first filtering layer and the second filtering layer take ceramic filtering membranes as main bodies, and ultrafiltration coatings are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the main bodies, and the specific materials and the preparation method are as follows: 1. pretreatment of a ceramic filter membrane: cleaning a ceramic filter membrane by using a vacuum plasma cleaning machine for later use; 2. preparing a casting solution: then taking 25 parts of polyimide, 9 parts of 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide and 50 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide, uniformly mixing, and placing into a vacuum defoaming machine for standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution; 3. uniformly coating the prepared casting film liquid on the surface of a main body for 30s with the coating time controlled, putting the main body into a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for baking for 2.5h, taking out the main body, putting the main body into a corona treatment machine with the voltage of 10kv for corona treatment, and obtaining the product with the height of 1.2 mm.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 3
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 100 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 50 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 8 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and stirring intermittently by using a sterile stirrer under the stirring condition of 100rpm, standing for 3 hours every 15min of stirring, and repeating the steps for 6 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 5 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The harmless biological adsorption carrier is prepared by combined culture of a composite lactobacillus group and an inorganic mixture in a culture medium, and comprises the following specific steps:
1. putting the inorganic mixture into a muffle furnace according to a certain proportion, heating to 390 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 90min, cooling to 80 ℃, taking out, crushing to be within 200um, and naturally cooling to room temperature for later use;
2. uniformly mixing the flora according to a certain proportion, putting the mixture into a culture medium A for culturing for 32h, then putting the fermentation liquor into a centrifuge for centrifugal precipitation, wherein the centrifugal condition is that the rotating speed is 3000rpm, and the time is 200s, so as to obtain a precipitate A;
3. dissolving the precipitate prepared in the step 2 in a culture medium B, culturing for 24h, and then centrifuging and precipitating at the rotating speed of 2000rpm for 150s to obtain a precipitate B; washing the precipitate B with pure water for 3 times, and drying at 20 deg.C.
The composite lactobacillus flora is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2: 1 of lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus.
The inorganic mixture is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 3: 2, montmorillonite, diatomite and charcoal powder, wherein the charcoal powder is prepared from corn straws, wheat straws and rice straws in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1 are mixed to prepare the medicine.
The culture medium A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of water, 20 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of soybean cake powder, 5 parts of NaCl, 5 parts of agar, 0.15 part of ZnSO 4.7H2O 0.15, 0.2 part of CaCl 2.2H2O 0.2, and 0.3 part of BaSO 4.5H2O 0.3, wherein the pH value is 6.3.
The culture medium B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of inorganic mixture, 750 parts of water, 15 parts of glucose, 7 parts of peanut cake powder, 5 parts of peptone, 5 parts of NaCl, 7 parts of agar, 0.4 part of NiSO4 & 6H2O 0.4, 0.3 part of MgSO 4-0.3 part of Cr (NO3)3 & 9H2O 0.3.3 parts of BaSO4 & 5H2O 0.5, and the pH of the mixture is 6.7.
The first filtering layer and the second filtering layer take ceramic filtering membranes as main bodies, and ultrafiltration coatings are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the main bodies, and the specific materials and the preparation method are as follows: 1. pretreatment of a ceramic filter membrane: cleaning a ceramic filter membrane by using a vacuum plasma cleaning machine for later use; 2. preparing a casting solution: then 10 parts of polyimide, 5 parts of 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide and 80 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide are uniformly mixed and placed into a vacuum defoaming machine for standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution; 3. uniformly coating the prepared casting film liquid on the surface of a main body for 60s with the coating time controlled, putting the main body into a vacuum drying oven at 95 ℃ for baking for 4.5h, taking out the main body, putting the main body into a corona treatment machine with the voltage of 20kv for corona treatment, and obtaining the product with the height of 2.0 mm.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 4
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 90 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 45 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the ganoderma spore oil raw material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 1 part of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and intermittently stirring by using a sterile stirrer under the stirring condition of stirring speed of 80rpm, standing for 2.2h every 12min of stirring, and repeating the steps for 5 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 4 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 5
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 90 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 45 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the ganoderma spore oil raw material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 9 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and stirring intermittently by using a sterile stirrer under the stirring condition of stirring speed of 80rpm, standing for 2.2 hours every 12min of stirring, and repeating the steps for 5 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 4 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 6
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 90 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 45 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the ganoderma spore oil raw material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 5 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and stirring intermittently by using a sterile stirrer under the stirring condition of stirring speed of 80rpm, standing for 2.2h every 12min of stirring, and repeating the steps for 5 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 4 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The harmless biological adsorption carrier is prepared by composite lactobacillus flora in a culture medium, and comprises the following specific steps: uniformly mixing the flora according to a certain proportion, putting the mixture into a culture medium A for culturing for 46h, then putting the fermentation liquor into a centrifugal machine for centrifugal precipitation, wherein the centrifugal condition is that the rotating speed is 3800rpm and the time is 250s to obtain a precipitate A, washing the precipitate A for 4 times by pure water, and drying the precipitate A at 25 ℃ to obtain the microbial inoculum;
the rest is the same as example 1.
Example 7
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 90 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 45 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the ganoderma spore oil raw material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 5 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and stirring intermittently by using a sterile stirrer under the stirring condition of stirring speed of 80rpm, standing for 2.2h every 12min of stirring, and repeating the steps for 5 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 4 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The first filtering layer and the second filtering layer of the sterilizing filter take ceramic filtering membranes as main bodies, and ultrafiltration coatings are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the main bodies, and the sterilizing filter comprises the following specific materials and a preparation method: 1. pretreatment of a ceramic filter membrane: cleaning a ceramic filter membrane by using a vacuum plasma cleaning machine for later use; 2. preparing a casting solution: then uniformly mixing 9 parts of polyimide, 4 parts of 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide and 49 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide, and placing the mixture into a vacuum defoaming machine for standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution; 3. uniformly coating the prepared casting film liquid on the surface of a main body for 45s with the coating time controlled, putting the main body into a vacuum drying oven at 82 ℃ for baking for 3.5h, taking out the main body, putting the main body into a corona treatment machine with the voltage of 15v for corona treatment, and obtaining the product with the height of 1.6 mm.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 8
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 90 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 45 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the ganoderma spore oil raw material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 5 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and stirring intermittently by using a sterile stirrer under the stirring condition of stirring speed of 80rpm, standing for 2.2h every 12min of stirring, and repeating the steps for 5 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 4 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The first filtering layer and the second filtering layer of the sterilizing filter take ceramic filtering membranes as main bodies, and ultrafiltration coatings are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the main bodies, and the sterilizing filter comprises the following specific materials and a preparation method: 1. pretreatment of a ceramic filter membrane: cleaning a ceramic filter membrane by using a vacuum plasma cleaning machine for later use; 2. preparing a casting solution: then, uniformly mixing 26 parts of polyimide, 10 parts of 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide and 81 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide, and placing the mixture into a vacuum defoaming machine for standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution; 3. uniformly coating the prepared casting film liquid on the surface of a main body for 45s with the coating time controlled, putting the main body into a vacuum drying oven at 82 ℃ for baking for 3.5h, taking out the main body, putting the main body into a corona treatment machine with the voltage of 15v for corona treatment, and obtaining the product with the height of 1.6 mm.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 9
A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma spore oil raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 90 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 45 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the ganoderma spore oil raw material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, stirring intermittently with a sterile stirrer at a stirring speed of 80rpm for 12min, standing for 2.5h, and repeating the steps for 4 times to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) and (3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to a common filter, repeatedly filtering for 4 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Test of
According to the method for removing harmful substances in the ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material in each embodiment, the contents of main harmful substances, trace impurities and total triterpenoids of effective components in the raw material before and after comprehensive comparison treatment are analyzed and summarized from data, and the optimal scheme is specifically shown as the following table:
from the above table data we can conclude that:
(1) comparing the content of each component before removing the harmful substances, each embodiment of the invention has certain effect on removing the harmful substances in the ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material, wherein, the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 are more prominent, and particularly, the embodiment 1 is the best;
(2) compared with the prior art, 1, the addition proportion of the harmless biological adsorbent in example 4 is small, the harmless biological adsorbent has a residue even though the harmless biological adsorbent has an effect on removing harmful plasticizers, and trace impurities and effective components are not obviously improved; in the embodiment 5, the addition proportion of the harmless biological adsorbent is too large, and the harmful effect is not obvious; example 6 is that the harmless biological adsorbent is cultured by adopting mixed flora only, and is not supplemented with inorganic mixture, so the effect is not obvious enough;
(3) the ratio of the materials used for the double-layer filtering layers of the sterilizing filters of the comparative example 1 and the examples 7 and 8 is out of the range of the invention, and although the harmful effect is improved compared with the examples 4, 5 and 6, the improvement on trace impurities and effective components is slight;
(4) example 9 was poor in effect when the filtration treatment was performed with a general filter.
Claims (5)
1. A method for removing harmful substances in ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw materials is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following contents:
(1) weighing 80-100 parts of harmful-substance-containing ganoderma spore oil raw material according to parts by weight, heating to 40-50 ℃, and carrying out primary filtration treatment by using a 100-mesh filter layer while the material is hot to obtain a filtrate a;
(2) adding 2-8 parts of harmless biological adsorption carrier into the filtrate a, and intermittently stirring with a sterile stirrer at a stirring speed of 60-100rpm for 2-3h every 10-15min to obtain a mixed solution repeatedly for 3-6 times;
(3) transferring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) into a sterilization filter, repeatedly filtering for 3-5 times, and collecting filtrate b, namely the ganoderma lucidum spore oil with harmful substances removed;
the harmless biological adsorption carrier is prepared by combined culture of a composite lactobacillus group and an inorganic mixture in a culture medium, and comprises the following specific steps:
1. placing the inorganic mixture in a muffle furnace according to the proportion, heating to 390-475 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 90-120min, cooling to 80-100 ℃, taking out, crushing to within 200um, and naturally cooling to room temperature for later use;
2. uniformly mixing the flora according to a proportion, putting the mixture into a culture medium A for culturing for 32-60h, then putting the fermentation broth into a centrifuge for centrifugal precipitation under the conditions of 3000-4500rpm for 200-300s to obtain a precipitate A;
3. dissolving the precipitate prepared in the step 2 in a culture medium B for culturing for 24-32h, and then centrifuging the precipitate under the conditions of the rotating speed of 2000-; washing the precipitate B with pure water for 3-5 times, and drying at 20-30 deg.C to obtain;
the composite lactobacillus flora is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2: 1 a mixture of lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus; the inorganic mixture is prepared by mixing the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 1-3: 2-5 of montmorillonite, diatomite and charcoal powder, wherein the charcoal powder is prepared from corn straw, wheat straw and rice straw in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1, mixing and preparing;
the culture medium A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 800 portions of water, 16 to 20 portions of cane sugar, 6 to 8 portions of fish meal, 7 to 10 portions of soybean meal, 2 to 5 portions of NaCl, 5 to 7 portions of agar, 0.15 to 0.2 portion of ZnSO 4.7H2O 0.15, 0.2 to 0.3 portion of CaCl 2.2H2O 0.2, and 0.5 portion of BaSO 4.5 5H2O0.3, wherein the pH value is 6.3 to 6.8; the culture medium B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of inorganic mixture, 980 parts of 750-chitosan, 15-25 parts of glucose, 7-12 parts of peanut cake powder, 5-11 parts of peptone, 3-5 parts of NaCl, 3-7 parts of agar, 0.2-0.4 part of NiSO 4.6H 2O0.2, 40.2-0.3 part of MgSO40, 0.1-0.3 part of Cr (NO3) 3.9H 2O 0.1 and 0.5 part of BaSO 4.5 5H2O0.3, wherein the pH value is 6.1-6.7;
the sterilization filter comprises a filter box (2), a filtering mechanism (3) and a liquid outlet pipe (22), bottom corners of the filter box (2) are fixedly connected with a bottom column (1) respectively, a liquid inlet pipe (4) communicated with the interior of the filter box (2) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the top of the filter box (2), a top plate (7) is clamped at the top end of the filter box (2), a fixing frame (6) is fixedly installed at the middle of the top plate (7), the fixing frame (6) is fixedly clamped with a driving motor (5), the filtering mechanism (3) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (5), and the filtering mechanism (3) is located inside the filter box (2);
the filtering mechanism (3) comprises a main rod (13), a plate frame (15) and a first filtering layer (17), the main rod (13) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (5), the main rod (13) is rotatably connected with a top plate (7), the main rod (13) penetrates through the top plate (7) and is positioned in the filtering box (2), the side wall of the main rod (13) is fixedly connected with at least two groups of vertically corresponding two fixing plates (12) which are horizontally and oppositely distributed, the vertically arranged plate frame (15) is detachably connected between the vertically corresponding two fixing plates (12), and the first filtering layer (17) is embedded in the plate frame (15);
a liquid outlet pipe (22) communicated with the interior of the filter box (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the filter box (2), a second filter layer (19) is fixedly mounted in the liquid outlet pipe (22), one end, far away from the filter box (2), of the liquid outlet pipe (22) is connected with a drainage hopper (23) in a penetrating mode, the other end of the drainage hopper (23) is in threaded sleeve joint with a conveying pipe (10), and one end, far away from the filter box (2), of the conveying pipe (10) is communicated with a medium-pressure ultraviolet sterilizer (11);
the first filtering layer and the second filtering layer take ceramic filtering membranes as main bodies, and ultrafiltration coatings are uniformly coated on the surfaces of the main bodies, and the specific materials and the preparation method are as follows: 1. pretreatment of a ceramic filter membrane: cleaning a ceramic filter membrane by using a vacuum plasma cleaning machine for later use; 2. preparing a casting solution: then evenly mixing 10-25 parts of polyimide, 5-9 parts of 2, 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide and 50-80 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide, and placing the mixture into a vacuum defoaming machine for standing and defoaming to obtain a casting solution; 3. uniformly coating the prepared casting film liquid on the surface of a main body for 30-60s with the coating time controlled, baking the main body in a vacuum drying oven at 70-95 ℃ for 2.5-4.5h, taking out the main body, and placing the main body into a corona treatment machine with the voltage of 10-20 kv for corona treatment, wherein the height is 1.2-2.0mm, thus obtaining the catalyst.
2. The method for removing harmful substances from a ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the bottom edge of roof (7) is fixedly connected with hydraulic telescoping rod (8) respectively, the stiff end fixedly connected with of hydraulic telescoping rod (8) accepts board (9), accept the lateral wall fixed connection of board (9) and rose box (2).
3. The method for removing harmful substances from a ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the bottom end of the plate frame (15) is fixedly connected with an insertion plate (18), and a clamping groove matched with the insertion plate (18) is formed in the fixing plate (12) at the corresponding position; the top both sides of sheet frame (15) are respectively through first bolt (16) fixedly connected with connecting plate (14), and two connecting plates (14) and fixed plate (12) joint of corresponding position, just connecting plate (14) are through first bolt (16) and fixed plate (12) fixed connection.
4. The method for removing harmful substances from a ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the lateral wall fixedly connected with of drain pipe (22) near rose box (2) mounting panel (21) of two piece at least relative distributions, mounting panel (21) are through the diapire fixed connection of second bolt (20) and rose box (2).
5. The method for removing harmful substances from a ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and sealing gaskets are fixedly mounted on the side walls of the top plate (7) and the liquid outlet pipe (22) towards the filter box (2).
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| US5595893A (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1997-01-21 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Immobilization of microorganisms on a support made of synthetic polymer and plant material |
| CN100593410C (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2010-03-10 | 广东粤微食用菌技术有限公司 | Method for preparing ganoderma spore oil |
| CN102212476B (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2013-04-03 | 杭州向天歌生物科技有限公司 | Method for cleanly and efficiently producing microorganism bactericide |
| CN102965192B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-03-05 | 广州宝兴生物科技有限公司 | Method for removing plasticizer residual and contaminant from ganoderma lucidum spore oil raw materials |
| CN109320561A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 湖南中茂生物科技有限公司 | A method of plasticiser in removal plant origin flavone extract |
| CN209828434U (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-12-24 | 天津大华油脂股份有限公司 | Be used for ground sesame seed oil filtration purification device |
| CN111530300B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2022-02-15 | 北京工商大学 | Dual-functional composite membrane, preparation method and application thereof, and method for removing plasticizer in white spirit |
| CN112125947A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-25 | 赣州禾绿康健生物技术有限公司 | Method and equipment for removing plasticizer from ginsenoside extract |
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