CN112897827B - External heating assisted sludge biological drying method - Google Patents
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- CN112897827B CN112897827B CN202110070240.9A CN202110070240A CN112897827B CN 112897827 B CN112897827 B CN 112897827B CN 202110070240 A CN202110070240 A CN 202110070240A CN 112897827 B CN112897827 B CN 112897827B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and particularly relates to an external heating assisted sludge biological drying method. Firstly, stirring and mixing sludge to be dried and auxiliary materials in proportion, adding high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to form a mixed material, and fermenting the mixed material to form a primary fermentation pile by the fermentation microorganisms in the sludge to be dried; carrying out aerobic aeration on the primary fermentation pile body, and simultaneously carrying out intermittent heat auxiliary heating on the primary fermentation pile body through an external heating source; the secondary fermentation pile is heated for 12-18 hours by the heat generated by the aerobic fermentation of the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganism; and when the temperature of the tertiary fermentation pile is reduced to below 50 ℃ after the throwing, continuously heating the tertiary fermentation pile by combining fermentation microorganisms with an external heating source, stopping external heating when the temperature is increased to 65-70 ℃, and repeatedly reducing the water content of the tertiary fermentation pile to below 35%. Therefore, the method greatly saves the sludge drying time and treatment cost, has low energy consumption, shortens the drying period and realizes the rapid biological drying of the sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and particularly relates to an external heating assisted sludge biological drying method.
Background
Municipal sludge is a byproduct generated in the process of treating urban domestic sewage by an urban sewage treatment plant and mainly comprises primary sludge, excess sludge and the like. The municipal sludge has high water content, is easy to form an artificial wetland to influence the local ecological environment, has high organic matter content and rich nutrition, is extremely easy to rot, and releases a large amount of odor to pollute the atmospheric environment; the microorganisms are rich in types, contain some parasites and pathogenic bacteria, threaten human health, easily pollute water resources and soil, harm the growth of animals and plants, and finally enter human bodies through enrichment. Therefore, if the municipal sludge is not properly treated, the municipal sludge not only invades the land to influence the environmental sanitation, but also pollutes the soil, water and atmosphere, and finally harms the human health.
At present, the traditional sludge drying adopts a sludge drying bed form, sludge is accumulated in an outdoor drying bed, and the sludge is dried under the action of natural ventilation and gravity. The modern drying process is mainly heat drying, water in the sludge is evaporated by an external heating source, and the water in the sludge is evaporated by directly or indirectly providing heat energy by using coal, oil or high-heat steam to realize sludge drying by applying more heat drying. Although the heat drying has the advantages of small occupied area, obvious reduction, flexible product application and the like, the heat drying process also has many problems, mainly high investment and operation cost, high equipment operation energy consumption and difficult large-area popularization and application.
Therefore, the development of more economical and energy-saving drying technology becomes the urgent need of municipal sludge treatment in China.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an external heating auxiliary sludge rapid biological drying method, which greatly saves drying time and treatment cost, has low energy consumption and shortens drying period, thereby realizing rapid biological drying of sludge.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
the invention provides a method for assisting biological drying of sludge by external heating, which comprises the following steps;
s1, stirring and mixing the sludge to be dried and the auxiliary materials in proportion, and then adding high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to form a mixed material, wherein the pile height of the mixed material is 1-2 m, and the fermentation microorganisms in the sludge to be dried ferment the mixed material to form a primary fermentation pile;
s2, carrying out aerobic aeration on the primary fermentation pile, carrying out intermittent heat auxiliary heating on the primary fermentation pile through an external heating source, and stopping heating when the temperature of the primary fermentation pile reaches 65-70 ℃ to form a secondary fermentation pile;
s3, in the secondary fermentation pile, the secondary fermentation pile is heated for 12-18 h by aerobic fermentation of high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms, and when the temperature of the secondary fermentation pile reaches 90-95 ℃, the secondary fermentation pile is naturally cooled to 65 ℃ to form a tertiary fermentation pile;
s4, turning the tertiary fermentation pile for secondary fermentation, and when the temperature of the tertiary fermentation pile is reduced to below 50 ℃ after the tertiary fermentation pile is turned over, continuously heating the tertiary fermentation pile by combining fermentation microorganism fermentation and an external heating source, stopping external heating when the temperature is increased to 65-70 ℃, and heating the tertiary fermentation pile by the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganism to form a quaternary fermentation pile;
s5, repeating the step S4 for a plurality of times, and discharging when the water content of the fermentation pile of four times is reduced to below 35%.
Preferably, in step S2;
when the external environment temperature is above 20 ℃, the heating amount is 6750kJ/h per cubic meter of the stack body, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 20min, and stopping for 40 min;
when the external environment temperature is 10-20 ℃, the heating amount is 10125kJ/h per cubic meter of the stack body, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 30min, and stopping for 30 min;
when the external environment temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the heating amount is 13500kJ/h per cubic meter of the stack body, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 40min, and the heating is stopped for 20 min.
Preferably, the initial water content of the sludge to be dried in the step S1 is 80% to 90%.
Preferably, in step S1;
the auxiliary materials are straw powder, rice hulls, peanut shells, wheat bran or wood dust, and the mass of the auxiliary materials is 50-70% of that of the sludge to be dried.
Preferably, in step S2;
aerobic aeration is continuous aeration, and the ventilation rate of the continuous aeration is 3-4 m per cubic meter of the fermentation pile3/h。
Preferably, in step S2 and step S4;
the external heating source is electric auxiliary heating or hot air aeration auxiliary heating.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for assisting sludge biological drying by external heating, which is characterized in that an external heating source is used for carrying out intermittent heat-assisted temperature rise on a primary fermentation pile, so that on one hand, a certain amount of heat is provided for the primary fermentation pile to accelerate the propagation of microorganisms, and on the other hand, the intermittent heating is adopted instead of continuous heating, so that the propagation time is provided for the growth and propagation of the microorganisms. When the temperature of the secondary fermentation pile is raised by self fermentation, the temperature of the tertiary fermentation pile is lowered and the pile is turned, the tertiary fermentation pile is continuously heated to 65 ℃ by an external heating source, and the continuous heating can save the fermentation time because the reproduction quantity of microorganisms is enough at the moment. The method greatly saves the sludge drying time and treatment cost by the intermittent external heating auxiliary biological drying form, has low energy consumption, and can shorten the drying period, thereby realizing the rapid biological drying of the sludge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for assisting sludge bio-drying by medium-external heating in accordance with an embodiment.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
The invention provides a method for assisting biological drying of sludge by external heating, which comprises the following steps;
s1, stirring and mixing the sludge to be dried and the auxiliary materials in proportion, and then adding high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to form a mixed material, wherein the water content of the mixed material is kept between 50 and 56 percent after the auxiliary materials are added, the pile height of the mixed material is 1 to 2m, and the fermentation microorganisms in the sludge to be dried ferment the mixed material to form a primary fermentation pile;
wherein, in the step S1, the initial water content of the sludge to be dried is 80-90%. The auxiliary materials are straw powder, rice hulls, peanut shells, wheat bran or wood dust, and the mass of the auxiliary materials is 50-70% of that of the sludge to be dried. Because the initial water content of the sludge to be dried is higher, and the auxiliary materials are all dry materials for adjusting the water content of the sludge to be dried, the fermentation efficiency of the sludge to be dried is improved. Of course, in the actual operation process, the same kind of auxiliary materials can be added into the sludge to be dried, or different kinds of mixed auxiliary materials can be added in a mixed manner, which is determined according to the actual situation. It should be noted that the fermenting microorganisms and the high-temperature thermophilic fermenting microorganisms are collectively referred to as microorganisms in the present embodiment.
S2, carrying out aerobic aeration on the primary fermentation pile, carrying out intermittent heat auxiliary heating on the primary fermentation pile through an external heating source, and stopping heating when the temperature of the primary fermentation pile reaches 65-70 ℃ to form a secondary fermentation pile; wherein the heating quantity of the external heating source is 6750-13500 kJ/h per cubic meter of the stack body.
In the practical application process, aerobic aeration is continuous aeration, and the ventilation rate of the continuous aeration is 3-4 m per cubic meter of fermentation heap3H is used as the reference value. Because the heating amount of the primary fermentation pile is determined according to the external environment temperature of sludge drying, preferably, when the external environment temperature is more than 20 ℃, the heating amount is 6750kJ/h per cubic meter of the pile, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 20min and stopping for 40min, when the external environment temperature is 10-20 ℃, the heating amount is 10125kJ/h per cubic meter of the pile, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 30min and stopping for 30min, when the external environment temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the heating amount is 13500kJ/h per cubic meter of the pile, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 40min and stopping for 20 min.
In step S2, the reason why the external heating source intermittently heats the primary fermentation stack without continuous heating is that the growth and propagation of the fermenting microorganisms and the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms takes time, and the excessive temperature rise rate during the continuous heating process results in that the fermenting microorganisms and the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms are not propagated to a sufficient amount and reach high temperature, and the subsequent fermenting microorganisms and the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms generate insufficient heat and cannot maintain high temperature, so that the intermittent heating is used to propagate the fermenting microorganisms and the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms, and the energy consumption is reduced. In the practical application process, the external heating source for intermittent heating is electric auxiliary heating or hot air aeration auxiliary heating.
S3, in the secondary fermentation pile, the secondary fermentation pile is heated for 12-18 h by aerobic fermentation of the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms, and when the temperature of the secondary fermentation pile reaches 90-95 ℃, the secondary fermentation pile is naturally cooled to 65 ℃ to form a tertiary fermentation pile.
And S4, turning the tertiary fermentation pile for secondary fermentation, continuously heating the tertiary fermentation pile by combining fermentation microorganisms with an external heating source when the temperature of the tertiary fermentation pile is reduced to below 50 ℃ after the tertiary fermentation pile is turned, stopping external heating when the temperature is increased to 65-70 ℃, and heating the tertiary fermentation pile by using high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to heat so as to heat the tertiary fermentation pile to form the quaternary fermentation pile.
The purpose of turning the pile is to uniformly ferment the pile body of the third fermentation, the external heating is stopped when the temperature reaches 65-70 ℃ through continuous heating, the thermophilic fermentation microorganisms at the high temperature are fermented again to generate heat, and continuous heating is adopted, because the reproduction quantity of the microorganisms is enough, the fermentation time can be saved by adopting the continuous heating.
S5, repeating the step S4 for a plurality of times, and discharging when the water content of the fermentation pile of four times is reduced to below 35%. In practical applications, step S4 is generally repeated 3-4 times. It should be noted that the dried sludge product replaces fermentation auxiliary materials, and high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms do not need to be added again.
In this embodiment, the external heat source for continuous heating is electric auxiliary heating or hot air aeration auxiliary heating.
According to the method for assisting sludge biological drying through external heating, intermittent heat-assisted heating is firstly carried out on a primary fermentation stack through an external heating source, so that on one hand, a certain amount of heat is provided for the primary fermentation stack to accelerate the propagation of microorganisms, and on the other hand, propagation time is provided for the growth and propagation of the microorganisms by adopting intermittent heating instead of continuous heating. When the temperature of the secondary fermentation pile is raised by self fermentation, the temperature of the tertiary fermentation pile is lowered and the pile is turned, the tertiary fermentation pile is continuously heated to 65 ℃ by an external heating source, and the continuous heating can save the fermentation time because the reproduction quantity of microorganisms is enough at the moment. The method greatly saves the sludge drying time and treatment cost by the intermittent external heating auxiliary biological drying form, has low energy consumption, and can shorten the drying period, thereby realizing the rapid biological drying of the sludge.
Example two
S1, uniformly stirring and mixing the sludge to be dried with the water content of 88.7% and the straw powder according to the weight ratio of 2:1, adding high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to form a mixed material, and adjusting the water content of the mixed material to keep the water content of the mixed material at 50%; wherein the pile height of the mixed materials is 1 m; fermenting the mixed material to form a primary fermentation pile by the fermentation microorganisms in the sludge to be dried;
s2, carrying out aerobic aeration on the primary fermentation pile body, wherein the ventilation rate is 3m per cubic meter of pile body3And h, simultaneously, carrying out primary heat auxiliary heating on the primary fermentation pile by utilizing an external power auxiliary heating mode, wherein the ambient temperature is 24 ℃, the heating amount is 6750kJ/h per cubic meter of the pile, carrying out electric auxiliary heating for 20min, stopping heating for 40min, and stopping heating when the temperature of the primary fermentation pile reaches 67.6 ℃ to form a secondary fermentation pile.
S3, in the secondary fermentation pile, the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganism aerobically ferments to generate heat, so that the secondary fermentation pile is heated for 12.5 hours, and when the temperature of the secondary fermentation pile reaches 91.2 ℃, the secondary fermentation pile is naturally cooled to 65 ℃ to form a tertiary fermentation pile.
And S4, turning the tertiary fermentation pile for secondary fermentation, and when the temperature of the tertiary fermentation pile is reduced to below 50 ℃ after the tertiary fermentation pile is turned over, continuously heating the tertiary fermentation pile by combining fermentation microorganisms with an external heating source, stopping external heating when the temperature is increased to 68 ℃, and heating the tertiary fermentation pile by using high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to form the quaternary fermentation pile after the tertiary fermentation pile is turned over.
And S5, repeating the step S4 for 3 times, and discharging when the water content of the fermentation pile of the four times is reduced to be below 35%.
In the process of actually using the method, the water content of the municipal sludge with the initial water content of 88.7 percent is reduced to 34.7 percent through a fermentation period of 10 days under the combined action of external heating auxiliary temperature rise and thermophilic aerobic fermentation microorganisms.
Research shows that the temperature of 65-70 ℃ is favorable for the growth and the propagation of high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microbial communities represented by thermophilic archaea, and the activity of the thermophilic enzyme in the body can be kept at high temperature, so that the temperature of the mixed material is increased to 65-70 ℃ at a proper temperature increase rate. Then the thermophilic fermentation microorganisms utilize the metabolism of the thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to produce and digest nutrition in the sludge to generate heat, the fermentation temperature is raised to above 90 ℃, the evaporation of water in the sludge is promoted, when the digestion of nutrients near the microorganisms is almost exhausted, the temperature is sharply reduced, the mixed materials are required to be turned over to ensure the uniform mass transfer of the mixed materials, the continuous heating is adopted to reach 65-70 ℃, and the activity of the microorganisms is continuously ensured. Therefore, the continuous heating is used in step S4 because the amount of microorganisms that multiply is sufficient, and thus the fermentation time can be saved by using the continuous heating. The method has the advantages that the intermittent external heating is adopted to assist the biological drying, the drying time and the treatment cost are greatly saved, the energy consumption is low, and the drying period can be shortened, so that the rapid biological drying of the sludge is realized.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for assisting biological drying of sludge by external heating is characterized by comprising the following steps;
s1, stirring and mixing the sludge to be dried and auxiliary materials in proportion, and then adding high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to form a mixed material, wherein the pile height of the mixed material is 1-2 m, and the fermentation microorganisms in the sludge to be dried enable the mixed material to be fermented to form a primary fermentation pile, wherein the auxiliary materials are straw powder, rice hulls, peanut shells, wheat bran or wood chips;
s2, carrying out aerobic aeration on the primary fermentation pile, simultaneously carrying out intermittent heat auxiliary heating on the primary fermentation pile through an external heating source, and stopping heating when the temperature of the primary fermentation pile reaches 65-70 ℃ to form a secondary fermentation pile;
the heating quantity of the external heating source is 6750-13500 kJ/h per cubic meter of the stack body;
when the external environment temperature is above 20 ℃, the heating amount is 6750kJ/h per cubic meter of the stack body, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 20min, and stopping for 40 min;
when the external environment temperature is 10-20 ℃, the heating amount is 10125kJ/h per cubic meter of the stack body, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 30min, and stopping for 30 min;
when the external environment temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the heating amount is 13500kJ/h per cubic meter of the stack body, the intermittent heat auxiliary heating mode is heating for 40min, and stopping for 20 min;
s3, in the secondary fermentation pile, the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms generate heat through aerobic fermentation to enable the secondary fermentation pile to be heated again for 12-18 hours, and when the temperature of the secondary fermentation pile reaches 90-95 ℃, the secondary fermentation pile is naturally cooled to 65 ℃ to form a tertiary fermentation pile;
s4, turning the tertiary fermentation pile for secondary fermentation, and when the temperature of the tertiary fermentation pile is reduced to below 50 ℃ after the tertiary fermentation pile is turned over, continuously heating the tertiary fermentation pile by combining the fermentation microorganisms with the external heating source, stopping external heating when the temperature is increased to 65-70 ℃, and heating the tertiary fermentation pile by the high-temperature thermophilic fermentation microorganisms to form a fourth fermentation pile;
s5, repeating the step S4 for a plurality of times, and discharging when the water content of the fermentation heap is reduced to below 35%.
2. The method for bio-drying sludge by external heating auxiliary according to claim 1, wherein in step S1;
the initial water content of the sludge to be dried is 80-90%.
3. The method for bio-drying sludge by external heating auxiliary according to claim 1, wherein in step S1;
the mass of the auxiliary material is 50-70% of the mass of the sludge to be dried.
4. The method for bio-drying sludge by external heating auxiliary according to claim 1, wherein in step S2;
the aerobic aeration is continuous aeration, and the ventilation rate of the continuous aeration is 3-4 m per cubic meter of the fermentation pile3/h。
5. The method for bio-drying sludge by external heating assistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2 and step S4;
the external heating source is electric auxiliary heating or hot air aeration auxiliary heating.
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