CN112896210B - Large-size light-weight turnable top cover device - Google Patents
Large-size light-weight turnable top cover device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112896210B CN112896210B CN202011632221.2A CN202011632221A CN112896210B CN 112896210 B CN112896210 B CN 112896210B CN 202011632221 A CN202011632221 A CN 202011632221A CN 112896210 B CN112896210 B CN 112896210B
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- top cover
- hinge
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- reversible
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D39/00—Wagon or like covers; Tarpaulins; Movable or foldable roofs
- B61D39/006—Opening and closing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-size light-weight reversible top cover device, which comprises: skeleton assembly, outer covering, interior covering still include: the pair of electric cylinders are respectively arranged at the front end of the top cover and the rear end of the top cover and are hinged with the carrying carriage body positioned below the top cover; the hinge mechanism is arranged on the left side wall of the top cover and connected with the carrying compartment body, and comprises a plurality of bearing hinges arranged at two ends of the carrying compartment body and a plurality of eccentric hinges arranged in the middle of the carrying compartment body. The device has the characteristics of large size, light weight, turnover, easiness in maintenance and the like, only two synchronous electric cylinders are provided, a control system is simple, the requirement of quick cover opening is met, the upper part of a carriage can be opened in a state of more than 90 degrees, a hinge is designed in a self-lubricating structure, and a user only needs to perform conventional maintenance on the hinge; the device is mainly applied to occasions of shipping large-scale equipment (logistics transportation equipment such as railway carriages, square cabins and container compartments), members and the like, and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of top cover devices of special carriage equipment, in particular to a large-size light-weight turnable top cover device.
Background
With the change of the demand of modern logistics transportation, the conventional railway transportation equipment cannot meet the shipping requirement of large non-motorized equipment or large components, and in particular, the conventional railway transportation equipment in the prior art has the following disadvantages: poor waterproof sealing and electromagnetic shielding, is not suitable for large-size carriages, has large integral top cover, can not be overturned, is difficult to maintain, has complex operation, poor reliability and the like.
Therefore, designers hope for equipment which has the characteristics of waterproof sealing, electromagnetic shielding, large size, light weight, turnover, easiness in maintenance, simplicity in operation, high reliability and the like to meet the transportation requirement, and the top cover device provided by the invention effectively solves the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a large-size light-weight turnover top cover device, which solves the problems that a top cover in the prior art is not suitable for a large-size carriage, the whole weight of the top cover is heavy, the top cover cannot be turned over and the like.
To this end, the invention proposes a large-size lightweight reversible roof device comprising: including light skeleton assembly, outer covering, interior covering, still include: the pair of electric cylinders are respectively arranged at the front end of the top cover and the rear end of the top cover and are hinged with the carrying carriage body positioned below the top cover; the hinge mechanism is arranged on the left side wall of the top cover and connected with the carrying carriage body, and comprises a plurality of eccentric hinges arranged in the middle of the left side wall and a plurality of bearing hinges arranged on two sides of the eccentric hinges, wherein the bearing hinges are used for bearing loads generated in the opening process of the pair of electric cylinders, and the eccentric hinges are used for fully releasing the freedom degree of the top cover along the length direction and bearing the dead weight of the top cover and wind load.
Further, the eccentric hinge comprises an upper hinge, a lower hinge, a wear-resistant spacer, a hinge shaft and a self-lubricating shaft sleeve, wherein a gap is formed between the special-shaped section of the hinge shaft and the self-lubricating shaft sleeve.
Further, the bearing hinge comprises an upper hinge, a lower hinge, a wear-resistant spacer, a hinge shaft and a self-lubricating shaft sleeve.
Further, the outer skin is an antirust steel plate, the inner skin is an antirust aluminum plate, and a polyurethane foam heat insulation layer is filled between the outer skin and the inner skin.
Furthermore, an air duct assembly connected with a temperature adjusting device is further arranged inside the top cover and used for adjusting the temperature inside the carrying carriage body.
Further, the air duct assembly is an anti-rust aluminum plate.
Furthermore, a waterproof sealing strip is arranged on the inner side of the top cover outer frame.
Furthermore, the framework assembly comprises a plurality of box-shaped beams in the middle, stress beams at two ends, cross beams and rib plates.
Further, the floor extends along skeleton assembly length direction, alternates between a plurality of box girder, and the floor is hollow cuboid structure, is formed by the welding of a plurality of high strength steel sheet.
Compared with the prior art, the large-size light-weight reversible top cover device has the following beneficial effects: the device has the characteristics of large size, light weight, turnover, easiness in maintenance and the like, only two synchronous electric cylinders are provided, a control system is simple, the requirement of quick cover opening is met, the upper part of a carriage can be opened in a state of more than 90 degrees, a hinge is designed in a self-lubricating structure, and a user only needs to perform conventional maintenance on the hinge; the device is mainly applied to occasions of shipping large-scale equipment (logistics transportation equipment such as railway carriages, square cabins and container compartments), members and the like, and has wide application range.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a car in the railway transport equipment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic structural diagram of a cover assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural view of the cover device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the load bearing hinge in the cover assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a load bearing hinge in the overcap assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the eccentric hinge structure of the cover assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a first cross-sectional view of an off-center hinge in the header assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a second cross-sectional view of the off-center hinge of the header assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a frame assembly of the header assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of the frame assembly of the header assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the closure of the overcap assembly of the present invention; and
FIG. 12 is a side view of the frame assembly of the header assembly of the present invention; .
Description of the reference numerals
1. A carrying carriage body; 2. a top cover; 3. an electric cylinder; 4. a sealing strip; 5. a hinge mechanism; 21. an outer skin; 22. an inner skin; 23. a frame assembly; 24. a thermal insulation layer; 51. a load bearing hinge; 52. an eccentric hinge; 53. an upper hinge; 54. a lower hinge; 55. a wear resistant spacer; 56. a hinge axis; 57. a self-lubricating shaft sleeve; 231. a stressed beam; 232. a process beam; 233. a box beam; 234. a rib plate.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1-12 illustrate some embodiments according to the invention.
The special carriage equipment for railway transportation mainly comprises a chassis, a carriage, a bracket, an electric control system, complete equipment and the like; as shown in fig. 1, the carriage is composed of a carrying carriage body 1 and a top cover 2, the carrying carriage body 1 and the top cover 2 are connected through a hinge mechanism 5, an electric cylinder 3 is respectively arranged at the front and rear positions in the carriage, the lower support point of the electric cylinder 3 is arranged on the upper side beam of the left side wall and the right side wall of the carriage 1, the upper support point of the electric cylinder 3 is arranged at the inner side of the top cover 2, the two electric cylinders 3 are synchronously driven to stretch and retract through a control system, and the top cover 2 is opened and closed by rotating around the hinge mechanism 5 assembled on the top cover 2 and the side walls.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the roof apparatus for a special ultra-long car device of the present invention includes a frame assembly 23, an outer skin 21, an inner skin 22, a thermal insulation layer 24, an air duct assembly, a hinge mechanism 5, and an electric cylinder 3.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the top cover 2 is a skeleton assembly 23 having a main structure of a rigid skeleton structure, the outer skin 21 and the inner skin 22 which are manufactured by punching with a special die are firmly connected with the process beam 232 on the skeleton assembly 23, and are riveted and fixed with a special rivet and a closed blind rivet, and the interior of the outer skin 21 and the interior of the inner skin 22 are filled with the heat insulation layer 24 of a polyurethane foam material.
The outer skin 21 is made of an antirust steel plate, the inner skin 22 and the air duct are made of an antirust aluminum plate, and a cavity formed by the three is filled with a heat insulation layer 24 made of a polyurethane foaming material, so that the heat insulation effect is achieved. Meanwhile, an air duct assembly connected with the temperature adjusting device is further arranged inside the top cover 2 and used for adjusting the temperature inside the carrying carriage body 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, through structural analysis of the equipment, it can be seen that the two electric cylinders 3 are arranged at the front end and the rear end in the carriage, the distance between the two electric cylinders is large, so that the stress of the hinges at the two ends is obviously larger than that of the hinges at the middle part, and the electric cylinders are in a non-uniform stress state in actual use, and the stress of the hinges in the support range of the electric cylinders 3 at the two ends is obviously larger than that of the hinges at the middle part.
According to the mechanical simulation analysis of the working condition of the hinges, in order to reduce the number of the used hinges and release the fact that the coaxiality between each group of hinges cannot be ensured under the condition of overlarge span, the hinges are arranged at the places with the hinges, the places without the hinges are cancelled, some hinges have a bearing effect, and some hinges have a limiting effect; 10 sets of hinge mechanisms were provided according to the above analysis.
Two ends of the carrying carriage body 1 are respectively provided with 2 groups of bearing hinges 51, and the bearing hinges 51 are mainly used for bearing the load generated in the uncovering process of the electric cylinder 3; the load bearing hinge has a design that strengthens the hinge.
The middle part of the carrying compartment body 1 is provided with 6 groups of eccentric hinges 52, the eccentric hinges 52 have a limiting effect, the self weight and the wind load of the top cover are taken into consideration on the premise that the freedom degree of the top cover 2 in the opening state is fully released along the length direction, and the eccentric hinges 52 reduce the restraint to the top cover in the opening process as far as possible. The structural style designed in this way can ensure that the 10 groups of hinges can not be jammed in the opening and closing processes, and further the condition of tearing the top cover can not be generated.
The eccentric hinge 52 releases the right and left and downward degrees of freedom during opening, and when closed, the hinge shaft 56 and the self-lubricating bushing 57 return to a coaxial state, limited by the seal profile structure, to ensure clearance between the top cover and the seal surface of the load compartment.
As shown in fig. 4 to 8, each of the carrier hinge 51 and the eccentric hinge 52 includes an upper hinge 53, a lower hinge 54, a wear spacer 55, a hinge shaft 56, and a self-lubricating bushing 57. The cross section of the hinge shaft 56 in the eccentric hinge 52 is a special-shaped cross section, specifically a drum shape, and a gap exists between the cross section and the self-lubricating shaft sleeve 57 at the left side, the right side and the upper side, so that the eccentric hinge 52 can bear the dead weight of the top cover and the wind load on the premise of fully releasing the freedom degree along the length direction under the condition of realizing the opening state of the top cover 2.
In the prior art, a poker hinge is usually used, so that the problem of total tearing occurs in the opening process because the coaxiality cannot be ensured; or the torsion spring hinge with the power assisting function is used, the torsion force of the torsion spring is used for assisting in uncovering, the thrust of the electric cylinders at two ends is reduced, and the top cover cannot be successfully opened due to the fact that coaxiality cannot be guaranteed. That is, the present invention uses the carrying hinge 51 and the eccentric hinge 52 at the same time, and takes the fact that the coaxiality cannot be ensured into full consideration, so as to overcome the problem that the top cover cannot be opened, and have very good beneficial effects.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, at the moment that the top cover is opened, the two end bearing hinges mainly bear the thrust of the electric cylinder and transmit the thrust to the middle part along the length direction, at this moment, the eccentric hinges also bear a part of the thrust of the electric cylinder, the top cover tends to move towards one side of the opening end, meanwhile, the top cover slightly deforms towards the right side along the length direction, the lower hinge 54 and the hinge shaft 56 of the eccentric hinges are not moved, and the upper hinge 53 deviates towards the right side along with the top cover.
As shown in fig. 7, since the left and right sides of the self-lubricating bushing 57 in the eccentric hinge have a gap with the hinge shaft 56, the freedom degree of the left and right sides is released, the upper hinge 53 and the hinge shaft 56 do not generate a locking phenomenon, so that the top cover 2 can still continue to rotate upward around the hinge shaft 56, and as the top cover continues to move upward, the thrust of the electric cylinder borne by the top cover is gradually reduced, that is, the acting force transmitted to the bearing hinge and the eccentric hinge is also reduced.
However, the influence of wind load and the self weight of the top cover on the bearing hinge is small relative to the thrust of the electric cylinder at the beginning, whether the top cover can continuously rotate at the moment is influenced by the working state of the eccentric hinge, the self weight enables the top cover to generate a downward deviation trend, and the wind load enables the top cover to generate a leftward or rightward deviation trend.
Therefore, in the design process of the eccentric hinge, the freedom degree which deviates downwards and towards the left side and the right side needs to be released, the upper hinge and the hinge shaft can not be clamped, the upper hinge is in a floating state relative to the hinge shaft at the moment, the top cover shaking phenomenon can be generated in the cover opening process, and the purpose of continuously opening the cover can be still achieved. When the cover is closed, the hinge shaft 56 and the self-lubricating shaft sleeve 57 return to the coaxial state under the limitation of the sealing profile structure, so that the gap between the top cover and the sealing surface of the compartment body is ensured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9 to 10, the framework assembly 23 includes a plurality of box beams 233 in the middle, stress beams 231 at two ends, cross beams, and rib plates 234, and the box beams 233 are formed by welding a plurality of high-strength steel plates to form a box structure. Rib plate 234 extends along the length direction of skeleton assembly 23, and is inserted between a plurality of box girder 233, and rib plate 234 is formed by welding a plurality of high strength steel plates, forms hollow cuboid structure, improves the bending resistance of whole skeleton assembly 23.
The mechanical simulation is combined with the test verification, on the premise that the structural strength is guaranteed, the integral rigidity of the top cover is sacrificed, the bending resistance of the top cover is increased, the top cover is uniformly loaded and locally concentrated in the test process, when the loading reaches 14 tons, the maximum deformation of the top cover is located in the middle and is far away from one side of the hinge, the maximum deformation reaches 76mm, and the top cover can still recover the original shape after being unloaded. Therefore, even if the two end electric cylinders are not synchronous, the whole top cover cannot be torn due to too strong rigidity.
In the embodiment, the beams with flanges on two sides are stress beams, and are designed by adopting a common steel structure, so that the main purpose is to bear the thrust of the electric cylinder, and the thrust of the electric cylinder mainly acts on the two beams; all middle beams are of box-type beam structures, are not simple rectangular tubes, and are rib plates arranged in the rectangular tubes at intervals, so that the main purpose is to realize larger bending resistance by using smaller sections and achieve the purpose of weight reduction, the weight of the whole top cover can be reduced, the rated thrust of the electric cylinder is reduced, and the design principle of light weight is matched.
Meanwhile, the whole top cover 2 adopts a lightweight design principle, the framework assembly 23 is made of high-strength steel plates, the rigidity and the strength of the framework structure of the top cover are fully guaranteed, and meanwhile, the large bearing and bending resistance are realized, wherein the top cover can bear 14 tons of static load in an open state, 7-level wind impact resistance is realized, and the environmental suitability is high.
The large-size light-weight turnable top cover device also has the following beneficial effects:
1. the top cover device has the characteristics of waterproof sealing, large size, light weight, turnover, easiness in maintenance and the like, can be opened in a state of exceeding 90 degrees above a carriage after being matched with a special carriage, and is mainly applied to occasions of shipping large-scale equipment, members and the like.
2. This top cap device transmission part simple structure, reliability are high, easy to maintain, only two synchronous electronic jar, and control system is simple, satisfies 10s to 30 s' requirement of uncapping fast, and the hinge adopts self-lubricating structural design, and the user only need to carry out conventional maintenance to it can.
3. The top cover device can be used on railway carriages, can also be matched on logistics transportation equipment such as square cabins, container carriages and the like, and has wide application range.
4. The top cover device is large in size, when large components or equipment are shipped, the equipment or the components do not need to be disassembled and transported to a destination for reassembly, only the top cover needs to be opened, and the whole body is lifted into a carriage.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A large-size lightweight reversible roof device is characterized by comprising a light skeleton assembly (23), an outer skin (21), an inner skin (22) and further comprising:
the pair of electric cylinders (3) are respectively arranged at the front end of the top cover (2) and the rear end of the top cover (2) and are hinged with the carrying carriage body (1) positioned below the top cover (2);
the hinge mechanism (5) is arranged on the left side wall of the top cover (2) and connected with the carrying carriage body (1), wherein the hinge mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of eccentric hinges (52) arranged in the middle of the left side wall and a plurality of bearing hinges (51) arranged on two sides of the eccentric hinges (52), the eccentric hinges (52) comprise upper hinges (53), lower hinges (54), wear-resistant spacers (55), hinge shafts (56) and self-lubricating shaft sleeves (57), and gaps exist between the special-shaped cross sections of the hinge shafts (56) and the self-lubricating shaft sleeves (57);
the bearing hinges (51) are used for bearing loads generated in the opening process of the pair of electric cylinders (3), and the eccentric hinges (52) are used for fully releasing the freedom degree of the top cover (2) in the length direction and bearing the self weight of the top cover (2) and wind load.
2. A large size lightweight reversible lid arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said load bearing hinge (51) comprises an upper hinge (53), a lower hinge (54), a wear spacer (55), a hinge shaft (56), and a self-lubricating hub (57).
3. The large-size light-weight reversible roof arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer skin (21) is a rust-proof steel plate, the inner skin (22) is a rust-proof aluminum plate, and a polyurethane foam insulation layer (24) is filled between the outer skin (21) and the inner skin (22).
4. The large-size light-weight reversible top cover device according to claim 1, characterized in that an air duct assembly connected with a temperature adjusting device is further arranged inside the top cover (2) for adjusting the temperature inside the carrying compartment body (1).
5. The large size lightweight reversible roof apparatus of claim 4, wherein said air duct assembly is a sheet of rust resistant aluminum.
6. A large size lightweight reversible cover device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner side of the outer frame of the cover (2) is provided with a waterproof sealing strip.
7. The large size lightweight reversible roof arrangement according to claim 1, wherein said skeleton assembly (23) comprises box beams (233) in the middle, load beams (231) at both ends, cross beams and ribs (234).
8. The large-size lightweight reversible roof cover device according to claim 7, wherein the rib plate (234) extends along the length direction of the skeleton assembly (23) and is inserted between the box-shaped beams (233), and the rib plate (234) has a hollow rectangular structure and is formed by welding a plurality of high-strength steel plates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011632221.2A CN112896210B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Large-size light-weight turnable top cover device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011632221.2A CN112896210B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Large-size light-weight turnable top cover device |
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| CN112896210A CN112896210A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| CN112896210B true CN112896210B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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| CN114704308B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-10-25 | 常州市新创智能科技有限公司 | Composite material side protection plate and processing technology thereof |
| CN114715211B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-06-25 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | Railway special box wagon for closed transportation of large-scale cargoes |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN210792964U (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-06-19 | 长安大学 | Muck truck dust keeper |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2149111C1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2000-05-20 | ГПО "Уральский вагоностроительный завод" | Freight car body |
| CN2656214Y (en) * | 2003-10-13 | 2004-11-17 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Self unloading car body cover turning device |
| CN2787504Y (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-06-14 | 张兴汉 | Integrated side cover-flipping car body |
| CN106930631A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 中微半导体设备(上海)有限公司 | A kind of hinge and its vacuum treatment installation opened and closed for vacuum chamber lid |
| CN206405422U (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-08-15 | 北京北科中钢工程技术有限公司 | A kind of reversely interdigital steel ladle full lid, which adds, takes off device |
| CN210174866U (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-03-24 | 神华铁路货车运输有限责任公司 | Top cover device and railway wagon |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN210792964U (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-06-19 | 长安大学 | Muck truck dust keeper |
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