CN112894135A - Laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112894135A CN112894135A CN202110171782.5A CN202110171782A CN112894135A CN 112894135 A CN112894135 A CN 112894135A CN 202110171782 A CN202110171782 A CN 202110171782A CN 112894135 A CN112894135 A CN 112894135A
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
- B23K26/703—Cooling arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing. The device mainly comprises a control console, a belt conveying and rolling unit, a cooling unit and a laser emitting unit; the light outlet of the laser emission unit is aligned with the joint of the metal foil strip and the base material led out by the belt conveying and roller unit; the belt feeding and rolling unit comprises a belt discharging part and a rolling roller part, the belt feeding part is arranged at the front end of the belt feeding and rolling unit, the rolling roller part is arranged at the front end of the bottom of the belt feeding and rolling unit, and the rolling roller part is used for rolling the metal foil belt on the base material; the cooling unit is connected with the tape-feeding and roller unit through a console. And (3) rolling and combining the metal foil strip and the base material by using a roller part and simultaneously cooling the metal foil strip by using the joint of the metal foil strip and the base material synchronously fed by laser melting, so that the metal foil strip is stacked layer by layer to realize additive manufacturing. The device and the process have high forming efficiency and high product combination degree, and improve the metal utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device and a manufacturing method.
Background
The Laser Additive Manufacturing (LAM) technology is a novel Manufacturing technology which directly manufactures a digital model into a solid part by using a method of accumulating materials layer by taking a high-energy Laser beam as an energy source based on a layered Manufacturing principle.
When the laser additive manufacturing technology is used for manufacturing parts with complex shapes, the laser additive manufacturing technology has incomparable advantages of the traditional manufacturing technology, can realize near-net-shape forming, saves more materials, does not need a die or a special clamp, has short production period, and is very suitable for producing customized parts with complex structures.
At present, the additive manufacturing technology of metal materials mainly comprises two types: a selective laser melting technology based on a powder bed and a laser three-dimensional forming technology based on synchronous powder feeding. The selective laser melting technique is a technique of using high-energy laser beam to scan the metal powder which is previously paved according to a predetermined scanning path, completely melting the metal powder, cooling and solidifying the metal powder, and then forming the metal powder. The laser stereo forming technology is to utilize the basic principle of fast prototype manufacture, metal powder as material and laser as energy source to melt, solidify and deposit the metal powder layer by layer synchronously, so as to realize the direct manufacture of metal parts.
In addition, there is also an ultrasonic additive manufacturing technique that realizes high-strength interatomic solid-phase bonding of materials by high-frequency vibration friction between metal foils and that realizes near-net shaping of parts in cooperation with a subtractive manufacturing technique such as precision numerical control machining.
However, the additive manufacturing techniques described above have some problems, such as: metallurgical defects such as pores, air hole inclusions and the like easily occur in the parts prepared by the laser three-dimensional forming technology, and the grain structure is relatively thick; the forming efficiency of the selective laser melting technology is low; the ultrasonic additive manufacturing technology is difficult to be applied to metal materials (copper, aluminum and the like) with large heat conductivity coefficient, and the problems of insufficient energy and reduced connection strength are easy to occur. This undoubtedly limits the popularization and application of the laser additive manufacturing technology, and in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a new laser additive manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method to meet the requirements in practical production applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device and a manufacturing method, which greatly improve the utilization rate of metal raw materials, improve the forming efficiency and refine crystal grains.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
a laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device mainly comprises a control console, a belt conveying and rolling unit, a cooling unit and a laser emitting unit; the light outlet of the laser emission unit is aligned to the joint of the metal foil strip and the base material led out by the belt conveying and roller unit; the belt feeding and rolling unit comprises a belt discharging part and a rolling roller part, the belt feeding part is arranged at the front end of the belt feeding and rolling unit, the rolling roller part is arranged at the front end of the bottom of the belt feeding and rolling unit, and the rolling roller part is used for rolling the metal foil belt on the base material; the cooling unit is connected with the belt feeding and rolling unit through a control console.
Further, the laser emitting unit includes a laser for generating laser, a laser head for controlling a light path, and an optical fiber for connecting the laser and the laser head.
Furthermore, the optical fiber is arranged in the second pipe sleeve, the laser head is arranged on a movement mechanism of a machine tool or a manipulator, the laser is arranged in the console, and the laser is electrically connected or in signal connection with the console.
Furthermore, the laser facula that the laser head sent be the rectangle, width is slightly wider than the width of metal foil area.
Furthermore, a gas cylinder is connected below the protective lens of the laser head through a pipeline, protective gas flow is introduced through the pipeline, and metal steam generated by laser irradiation is prevented from polluting a light path system.
Furthermore, the roller part is provided with a groove for fixing the metal foil strip.
Further, the depth of the groove is smaller than the thickness of the metal foil belt, the width of the groove is slightly smaller than or equal to the width of the metal foil belt, so that interference fit is formed between the metal foil belt and the groove, the metal foil belt is fixed, the metal foil belt is directly tightened and fixed in the groove of the roller part after being sent out from the belt feeding part, and a straight line between the metal foil belt and the groove is in the same plane with the material increasing advancing direction.
Furthermore, the cooling unit comprises a water cooling tank, a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline, the water cooling tank is connected with the console through the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet pipeline, the water cooling pipeline of the laser is introduced into the water cooling tank, the laser is prevented from being overheated, and the console is connected with the water cooling pipeline of the roller part and the water cooling pipeline of the laser head through the water cooling pipeline in the first pipe sleeve and the water cooling pipeline in the second pipe sleeve.
The manufacturing method of the laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) opening the cooling box to form a circulating cooling channel;
2) feeding the metal foil strip at a steady speed by a feeding belt and a roller unit, the roller being partially pressed against the base material;
3) the laser head emits light under the control of the console, and the emitted light spots irradiate the joint of the metal foil strip and the base material;
4) the laser head moves along with the belt feeding and rolling unit which starts to move towards the direction of material addition at the same time of starting irradiation of the laser head, and the roller part provides a larger downward pressure and rolls towards the moving direction;
5) along with the continuous rolling of the roller part, the heat of the metal foil strip is continuously taken away by cooling water, and the metal foil strip is combined with the base material, so that the additive manufacturing is realized;
6) after finishing one material increase path, fusing the metal foil belt at the back of the fixed position on the roller part by using laser, and then carrying out the next material increase path operation, thereby not needing to manually reappear the loading of the metal foil belt.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the powder feeding mode of the laser three-dimensional forming technology, the utilization rate of metal raw materials is greatly improved, and the waste of the metal raw materials is reduced or even avoided; the laser three-dimensional forming technology has the defects of pores, air hole inclusions, large grain structures and the like in the additive part, the metal foil strip is rolled by using the roller during melting, the pores and the air inclusions can be eliminated by using larger pressure provided by rolling, and the forming density is high; in addition, the circulating cooling water in the roller continuously takes away the heat of the liquid metal foil strip, so that the cooling speed during solidification is increased, namely, the supercooling degree of the melt during crystallization is increased, and the effect of refining crystals is achieved. Compared with the selective laser melting technology, the selective laser melting method has higher forming rate, and compared with the ultrasonic additive manufacturing technology, the selective laser melting method improves the bonding strength of the metal foil and the base material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an additive test sample of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a console; 2-a water inlet pipeline; 3-a water outlet pipeline; 4-a water cooling tank; 5-a first pipe sleeve; 6-belt feeding and roller unit; 7-a belt portion; 8-a pipeline; 9-a gas cylinder; 10-a metal foil tape; 11-a laser head; 12-a substrate; 13-a second pipe sleeve; 14-roll section.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following with reference to the drawings and examples of the description, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, the laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device mainly comprises a control console 1, a water cooling tank 4, a belt conveying and rolling unit 6, an air cylinder 9, a metal foil belt 10, a laser head 11 and a base material 12; the control platform 1 is connected with the water cooling tank 4 through a water inlet pipeline 2 and a water outlet pipeline 3, the tape feeding and rolling unit 6 comprises a tape feeding part 7 and a rolling roller part 14, the tape feeding part 7 is installed at the front end of the tape feeding and rolling unit 6, the rolling roller part 14 is installed at the front end of the bottom of the tape feeding and rolling unit 6, a laser in the control platform 1 is connected with a laser head 11 through an optical fiber in a second pipe sleeve 13, a light outlet of the laser head 11 is aligned to the combination position of a metal foil tape 10 and a base material 12, the metal foil tape 10 is led out from the tape feeding part 7, is embedded into a groove of the rolling roller part 14 and is fixed on the rolling roller part 14, and the rolling roller part 14 is used for rolling the metal foil; the water cooling tank 4 is connected with the control console 1, and the control console 1 is respectively connected with the water cooling pipelines of the conveying belt and roller unit 6 and the laser head 11 through the water cooling pipeline in the first pipe sleeve 5 and the water cooling pipeline in the second pipe sleeve 13.
The cold water tank 4 is opened to form a circulating cooling system, the metal foil strip 10 is sent out by the feeding part 7, the rolling roller part 14 is pressed on the base material 12, the laser head 11 emits light by a laser in the control console 1, a rectangular light spot is emitted to irradiate the joint of the metal foil strip 10 and the base material 12, the light spot is symmetrically distributed on the metal foil strip 10 and the base material 12, the laser melts half of the thickness of the metal foil strip 10 and the base material 12 together, the feeding and rolling unit 6 starts to move towards the direction needing material addition while the laser head 11 irradiates, the laser head 11 moves along with the laser head, the rolling roller part 14 provides a larger downward pressure and rolls towards the moving direction, crystals continuously grow into the liquid along with continuous rolling and continuous heat of the metal foil strip 10 is taken away by cooling water in the rolling roller, the metal foil strip 10 and the base material 12 are combined together, when a material adding path is finished, the metal foil strip 10 is fused behind the fixed position on the roller part 14 by using laser, and then the next additive path operation is carried out, and the additive effect obtained by the process is shown in fig. 2.
Claims (9)
1. The laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device is characterized by mainly comprising a control console (1), a belt conveying and rolling unit (6), a cooling unit and a laser emitting unit;
the light outlet of the laser emission unit is aligned with the joint of the metal foil strip (10) led out by the belt feeding and rolling unit (6) and the base material (12); the tape feeding and rolling unit (6) comprises a tape feeding part (7) and a rolling roller part (14), the tape feeding part (7) is arranged at the front end of the tape feeding and rolling unit (6), the rolling roller part (14) is arranged at the front end of the bottom of the tape feeding and rolling unit (6), and the rolling roller part (14) is used for rolling the metal foil tape (10) on the base material (12); the cooling unit is connected with the belt feeding and rolling unit (6) through a control console (1).
2. A laser rolling composite additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said laser emitting unit comprises a laser for generating laser light, a laser head (11) controlling a light path, and an optical fiber connecting the laser and the laser head (11).
3. A laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the optical fiber is arranged in the second pipe sleeve (13), the laser head (11) is mounted on the moving mechanism of a machine tool or a robot, and the laser is mounted inside the console (1).
4. A laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the laser spot emitted by the laser head (11) is rectangular and slightly wider than the width of the metal foil strip (10).
5. A laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that a gas cylinder (9) is connected below the protective lens of the laser head (11) through a pipeline (8).
6. A laser-rolled composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the roll portions (14) are provided with grooves for fixing the metal foil strip (10).
7. A laser-rolled composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the depth of said grooves is lower than the thickness of the metal foil strip (10) and the width is slightly smaller than or equal to the width of the metal foil strip (10).
8. A laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device according to claim 2, wherein the cooling unit comprises a water cooling tank (4), a water inlet pipe (2) and a water outlet pipe (3), the water cooling tank (4) is connected with the console (1) through the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3), the water cooling pipe for controlling the laser is connected with the console (1) through the water cooling pipe in the first pipe sleeve (5) and the water cooling pipe in the second pipe sleeve (13) respectively, and the console (1) is connected with the roller part (14) and the water cooling pipe of the laser head (11).
9. A method of manufacturing a laser-rolled composite additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) opening the cooling box (4) to form a circulating cooling channel;
2) feeding a metal foil strip (10) at a steady speed from a feed and nip roll unit (6), the nip roll portion (14) being pressed against a substrate (12);
3) the laser head (11) emits light under the control of the console (1), and the emitted light spots irradiate the joint of the metal foil strip (10) and the base material (12);
4) the laser head (11) moves along with the belt feeding and rolling unit (6) moving towards the direction needing material addition at the same time when the laser head (11) starts to irradiate, and the rolling part (14) provides a larger downward pressure and rolls towards the moving direction;
5) with the continuous rolling of the roller part (14), the heat of the metal foil strip (10) is continuously taken away by cooling water, and the metal foil strip (10) is combined with the base material (12) to realize additive manufacturing;
6) after finishing one additive path, fusing the metal foil strip (10) at the rear of the fixed position on the roller part (14) by using laser, and then carrying out the next additive path operation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110171782.5A CN112894135A (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110171782.5A CN112894135A (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method |
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| CN112894135A true CN112894135A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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| CN202110171782.5A Pending CN112894135A (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Laser rolling composite additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113732310A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-03 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing complex thin-wall component by adopting laser metal deposition and follow-up rolling |
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2021
- 2021-02-08 CN CN202110171782.5A patent/CN112894135A/en active Pending
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| CN113732310A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-03 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing complex thin-wall component by adopting laser metal deposition and follow-up rolling |
| CN113732310B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-03 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing complex thin-wall component by adopting laser metal deposition and follow-up rolling |
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Application publication date: 20210604 |
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