CN112889477A - Blueberry harvesting test bed - Google Patents
Blueberry harvesting test bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112889477A CN112889477A CN202110073387.3A CN202110073387A CN112889477A CN 112889477 A CN112889477 A CN 112889477A CN 202110073387 A CN202110073387 A CN 202110073387A CN 112889477 A CN112889477 A CN 112889477A
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- frame
- rack
- blueberry
- base frame
- steel rope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
- A01D46/26—Devices for shaking trees or shrubs; Fruit catching devices to be used therewith
- A01D46/264—Devices for beating or vibrating the foliage; Fruit catching devices to be used therewith
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
- A01D46/005—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs picking or shaking pneumatically
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a blueberry harvesting test bed which comprises a rack, a steel rope, a shaking frame, a first base frame, a vibration mechanism and a measurement system, wherein the steel rope is arranged on the rack; a plurality of steel ropes are tensioned on the frame, and the shaking frame is arranged on the steel ropes; the first base frame is arranged on the machine frame, the vibration mechanism is arranged on the first base frame, and the vibration mechanism drives the shaking frame to vibrate; the measuring system comprises an acceleration sensor, a tension sensor and data acquisition equipment, wherein the acceleration sensor and the tension sensor are both arranged on the steel rope, and the data acquisition equipment acquires the measuring data of the acceleration sensor and the tension sensor; according to the blueberry harvesting test bed, the vibration mechanism and the measurement system are arranged around the steel rope and the shaking frame, the vibration mechanism is used for driving the blueberry planted in a standardized mode to drop fruits, and the measurement system is used for researching the relation between the blueberry dropping fruits, the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the blueberry bearing branches and the tension of the steel rope.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a blueberry mechanized harvesting test bed based on a standardized hedge planting mode.
Background
Fig. 1 shows a blueberry standardized hedge planting pattern, which is characterized in that: blueberry plants are planted in rows, a plurality of tensioned steel ropes are arranged along the length direction of the row of the blueberry plants, the steel ropes are located in a blueberry fruit hanging area with the height of 500-1500mm, fruit hanging branches grown out of the blueberry plants are fixed on the steel ropes nearby, a plurality of shaking frames are further arranged in the middle of the row of the blueberry plants, and the shaking frames are connected with all the steel ropes in the single-side fruit hanging area. The blueberry standardized hedge planting mode not only improves lodging resistance of plants, improves sprinkling irrigation, foliar fertilization and insect catching efficiency, but also is beneficial to mechanical harvesting of later-stage blueberries, and a user can accurately vibrate all fruit bearing branches of the blueberries through vibrating a shaking frame or a steel rope. The novel blueberry planting mode and the novel blueberry harvesting mode are rarely researched in the prior art, and an effective research test bed is lacked in the relation between the specific vibration parameters of the steel ropes and the blueberry harvesting effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a blueberry harvesting test bed for researching the relation between steel rope vibration parameters and blueberry harvesting effect in a blueberry standardized hedge planting mode.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a blueberry harvesting test bed comprises a frame, a steel rope, a shaking frame, a first base frame, a vibration mechanism and a measuring system;
a plurality of steel ropes are tensioned on the frame, and the shaking frame is arranged on the steel ropes; all the steel ropes are parallel, and the shaking frame is used for connecting different steel ropes;
the first base frame is arranged on the machine frame, the vibration mechanism is arranged on the first base frame, and the vibration mechanism drives the shaking frame to vibrate;
the measuring system comprises an acceleration sensor, a tension sensor and data acquisition equipment, wherein the acceleration sensor and the tension sensor are both arranged on the steel rope, and the data acquisition equipment acquires the measuring data of the acceleration sensor and the tension sensor; the acceleration sensor is arranged at the position of the blueberry fruit bearing branch and used for measuring the acceleration of the blueberry fruit bearing branch along with the vibration of the steel rope; the tension sensor is used for measuring the tension of the steel rope.
The blueberry harvesting test bed is used for researching the picking effect of the blueberries which are planted in a standardized manner, the fruit bearing area of the blueberries which are planted in the standardized manner is controlled to be 500-1500mm in height, and the fruit bearing branches of the blueberries are bound on the nearest steel ropes; the tester drives the shaking frame to vibrate through the vibrating mechanism, and the shaking frame drives all steel ropes to vibrate so as to drive the fruit hanging branches bound on the blueberries to vibrate; the tester can observe the influence of different vibration frequencies, steel rope tension and vibration amplitude on the blueberry fruit dropping efficiency.
Specifically, the vibration mechanism comprises a first motor, a rotary table, a connecting rod, a first sliding block, a connecting mechanism and a first sliding rail; the first motor, the rotary table and the first slide rail are all fixed on the first base frame, the first motor drives the rotary table to rotate, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the rotary table and the first slide block, the first slide block is installed on the first slide rail, the connecting mechanism is fixed on the first slide block, and the connecting mechanism can be connected with the shaking frame; the rotary table, the connecting rod, the first sliding block and the first sliding rail form a crank sliding block mechanism, the rotary motion of the rotary table is converted into the reciprocating motion of the first sliding block, and the effect of driving the shaking frame to vibrate is achieved.
Furthermore, the vibration mechanism also comprises an adjusting rod and a connecting shaft, the adjusting rod is fixed on the surface of the rotary table and is parallel to the diameter of the rotary table, an adjusting groove along the length direction of the adjusting rod is arranged in the adjusting rod, the connecting shaft is fixed in the adjusting groove, and the connecting rod is hinged with the connecting shaft; the position of the connecting shaft in the adjusting groove can be adjusted, a tester can change the distance between the connecting shaft and the center of the rotary table according to needs, the effect of adjusting the amplitude of the first sliding block is further achieved, the adjusting range can reach 0-2/L, and L refers to the effective length of the adjusting groove.
Furthermore, the connecting mechanism is an electromagnet, and the shaking frame can be attracted after the electromagnet is electrified, so that the first sliding block is combined with the shaking frame.
Furthermore, the first base frame comprises a moving frame, a second motor, a gear and a rack, a second sliding rail is arranged on the rack, a second sliding block is arranged on the moving frame, and the moving frame is mounted on the second sliding rail through the second sliding block; the rack is arranged on the rack, the rack is parallel to the second sliding rail, the second motor and the gear are both arranged on the moving frame, the second motor drives the gear to rotate, and the gear is meshed with the rack; the second motor, the gear and the rack act on the moving block to move on the rack, namely the vibrating mechanism moves on the rack; in a blueberry standardized hedge planting mode, the number of shaking frames arranged on a steel rope is large, and one shaking frame is generally arranged at intervals of one or more blueberries; mobilizable vibration mechanism can shake the frame with the difference and combine, conveniently gather to standardize blueberry and carry out more comprehensive experimental study.
Further, the first base frame further comprises a first fastening screw installed on the movable frame, and the movable frame can be fixed by using the first fastening screw after the movable frame is moved to a proper position.
Further, the blueberry harvesting test bed also comprises a second base frame and an air injection assembly; the second base frame is consistent with the first base frame in structure and is arranged on the rack, and the first base frame and the second base frame are respectively positioned on different sides of the rack; the gas injection assembly comprises a gas injection pipe and a gas source, the gas injection pipe is arranged on the second base frame, and the gas injection pipe is connected with the gas source; for the labeled planted blueberries, a shaking method and an air force method can be adopted for harvesting; the invention also provides a research component for pneumatic harvesting, the movable second base frame can drive the air injection component to move, and high-pressure air injected by the air injection pipe blows off blueberry fruits.
Furthermore, the air injection assembly also comprises a third sliding block and a third sliding rail, the third sliding rail is vertically fixed on the second base frame, the third sliding block is arranged on the third sliding rail, and the air injection pipe is arranged on the third sliding block; the tester can utilize the third slider to adjust the height of the gas ejector pipe.
Furthermore, the air injection assembly further comprises a second fastening screw, the second fastening screw is installed on the third sliding block, and the second fastening screw is used for fixing the adjusted third sliding block.
Furthermore, the blueberry harvesting test bed also comprises a fixed pulley, one end of the steel rope is connected with the rack, the other end of the steel rope is guided by the fixed pulley to turn, and then is connected with the rack, and the acceleration sensor and the tension sensor are positioned at two ends of the fixed pulley; normally, the tension sensor is arranged at one end of the steel cable, and the fixed pulley is mainly used for separating the tension sensor from the main body part (i.e. the part which generates vibration) of the steel cable, so as to avoid the influence of the vibration of the steel cable on the measurement of the tension sensor.
Has the advantages that: (1) according to the blueberry harvesting test bed, the vibration mechanism and the measurement system are arranged around the steel rope and the shaking frame, the vibration mechanism is used for driving the blueberry planted in a standardized mode to drop fruits, and the measurement system is used for researching the relation between the blueberry dropping fruits, the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the blueberry bearing branches and the tension of the steel rope. (2) According to the blueberry harvesting test bed, the adjusting rod and the connecting shaft are arranged on the rotary disc, so that a tester can conveniently adjust the distance between the connecting shaft and the center of the rotary disc, the amplitude of the first sliding block is further controlled, and the relation between the amplitude of the shaking frame and blueberry fruit falling is researched. (3) The blueberry harvesting test bed provided by the invention realizes the movement of the whole first base frame by utilizing the second motor, the gear and the rack, so that a tester can conveniently move the vibration mechanism along the length direction of the steel rope, and the vibration mechanism can drive different shaking frames to vibrate; meanwhile, the tester can also change the position of the shaking frame and research the influence of the shaking frames at different positions on the harvesting effect. (4) The blueberry harvesting test bed is also provided with a second base frame and an air injection assembly, the blueberry harvesting method by the shaking method and the blueberry harvesting method by the pneumatic method can be researched, the second base frame can move, and the influence of various conditions such as different high-pressure air outlet positions, different air injection pressures, different air injection port shapes and different moving speeds on the blueberry harvesting effect can be researched.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a standardized hedge planting pattern for blueberries.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a blueberry harvesting test stand of example 1.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of a shaking frame and a steel cord in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the first base frame and the vibration mechanism in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of the turntable, the link, the first slider, and the electromagnet in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is a structural view (another view) of the first base frame and the vibration mechanism in embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is a structural view of a second base frame and an air blast assembly in embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is an application state diagram of the blueberry harvesting test bench in embodiment 1.
Wherein: 100. a frame; 110. a fixed pulley; 120. a second slide rail; 200. a steel cord; 300. shaking the frame; 310. mounting holes; 320. connecting sheets; 400. a first base frame; 410. moving the frame; 411. a second slider; 420. a second motor; 430. a gear; 440. a rack; 450. a first fastening screw; 500. a vibration mechanism; 510. a first motor; 520. a turntable; 530. a connecting rod; 540. a first slider; 550. an electromagnet; 560. a first slide rail; 570. adjusting a rod; 571. an adjustment groove; 580. a connecting shaft; 600. a measurement system; 610. an acceleration sensor; 620. a tension sensor; 700. a second base frame; 800. a gas injection assembly; 810. a gas ejector tube; 820. a gas source; 830. a third slider; 840. a third slide rail; 850. a second fastening screw; 900. blueberry.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the blueberry harvesting test bench of the present embodiment includes a rack 100, a steel rope 200, a shaking frame 300, a first base frame 400, a vibration mechanism 500, a measurement system 600, a second base frame 700, and an air injection assembly 800;
ten steel ropes 200 are tensioned on the frame 100, five steel ropes are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the frame 100, and the shaking frame 300 is arranged on the steel ropes 200; fig. 3 shows a situation that five steel cables 200 on one side are connected with a shaking frame 300, five mounting holes 310 are formed in the shaking frame 300, the five steel cables 200 respectively penetrate through the five mounting holes 310, and an iron connecting sheet 320 for connecting a vibration mechanism 500 is arranged on the outermost side of the shaking frame 300;
the measuring system 600 comprises an acceleration sensor 610, a tension sensor 620 and data acquisition equipment, wherein the acceleration sensor 610 and the tension sensor 620 are both arranged on the steel rope 200, and the data acquisition equipment acquires the measurement data of the acceleration sensor 610 and the tension sensor 620; the acceleration sensor 610 is arranged at the position of the blueberry fruit bearing branch, and the acceleration sensor 610 is used for measuring the acceleration of the blueberry fruit bearing branch along with the vibration of the steel rope 200; the tension sensor 620 is used for measuring the tension of the steel rope 200; as shown in fig. 2, the right end of the steel cable 200 is directly connected to the frame 100, the left end of the steel cable 200 is guided by the fixed pulley 110 to turn 90 ° and then connected to the tension sensor 620, and the tension sensor 620 is fixed to the frame 100;
as shown in fig. 4 and 6, the first base frame 400 includes a moving frame 410, a second motor 420, a gear 430, a rack 440, and a first fastening screw 450, the rack 100 is provided with a second slide rail 120, the moving frame 410 is provided with a second slider 411, and the moving frame 410 is mounted on the second slide rail 120 through the second slider 411; the rack 440 is installed on the rack 100, the rack 440 is parallel to the second sliding rail 120, the second motor 420 and the gear 430 are both installed on the moving frame 410, the second motor 420 drives the gear 430 to rotate, and the gear 430 is engaged with the rack 440; the first fastening screw 450 is installed on the moving frame 410, and after the moving frame 410 is operated to a proper position, the moving frame 410 can be fixed using the first fastening screw 450;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the vibration mechanism 500 includes a first motor 510, a turntable 520, a connecting rod 530, a first slider 540, an electromagnet 550, a first slide rail 560, an adjustment lever 570, and a connecting shaft 580; the first motor 510, the turntable 520 and the first slide rail 560 are all fixed on the first base frame 400, the first motor 510 drives the turntable 520 to rotate, the adjusting rod 570 is fixed on the surface of the turntable 520 and is parallel to the diameter of the turntable 520, an adjusting groove 571 along the length direction of the adjusting rod 570 is arranged in the adjusting rod 570, the connecting shaft 580 is fixed in the adjusting groove 571, one end of the connecting rod 530 is hinged to the connecting shaft 580, and the other end of the connecting rod 530 is hinged to the first slider 540; the first slide block 540 is arranged on the first slide rail 560, the electromagnet 550 is fixed on the first slide block 540, and the shaking frame 300 can be absorbed after the electromagnet 550 is electrified;
as shown in fig. 7, the second base frame 700 has a structure identical to that of the first base frame 400, the second base frame 700 is installed in the rack 100, and the first base frame 400 and the second base frame 700 are respectively located at different sides of the rack 100; the gas injection assembly 800 comprises a gas injection pipe 810, a gas source 820, a third sliding block 830, a third sliding rail 840 and a second fastening screw 850, the third sliding rail 840 is vertically fixed on the second base frame 700, the third sliding block 830 is installed on the third sliding rail 840, the second fastening screw 850 is installed on the third sliding block 830, the gas injection pipe 810 is installed on the third sliding block 830, and the gas injection pipe 810 is connected with the gas source 820.
The blueberry harvesting test bed of the embodiment is used for performing a shaking type harvesting test and a pneumatic type harvesting test on the standardized planted blueberries 900 shown in fig. 1; as shown in fig. 8, in the test, the bearing branches of blueberries 900 were fixed to the nearest steel cord 200;
the shaking type harvesting test comprises the following steps: (1) moving the first base frame 400 to a proper position, and attracting the electromagnet 550 with the shaking frame 300; (2) starting the first motor 510, driving the first slider 540 and the shaking frame 300 to vibrate, observing fruit drop conditions, and acquiring data of the tension sensor 620 and the acceleration sensor 610 by using data acquisition equipment; (3) adjusting the position of the connecting shaft 580 in the adjusting groove 571, changing the amplitudes of the first slider 540 and the shaking frame 300, and repeating the test; (4) changing the position of the first base frame 400 to attract the electromagnet 550 with different shaking frames 300, and repeating the test;
the pneumatic recovery test comprises the following steps: (1) moving the second base frame 700 to a proper position, adjusting the height of the gas injection pipe 810, opening the gas source 820, enabling the gas injection pipe 810 to inject high-pressure gas, enabling the second base frame 700 to move at a set speed, and observing the fruit dropping condition of the blueberries 900; (2) the third slider 830 is moved to change the height of the gas nozzle 810 and the test is repeated.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in the specification, these embodiments are merely provided as a hint, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. Various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a blueberry harvesting test bench which characterized in that: the device comprises a rack, a steel rope, a shaking frame, a first basic frame, a vibration mechanism and a measurement system;
a plurality of steel ropes are tensioned on the frame, and the shaking frame is arranged on the steel ropes;
the first base frame is arranged on the machine frame, the vibration mechanism is arranged on the first base frame, and the vibration mechanism drives the shaking frame to vibrate;
the measuring system comprises an acceleration sensor, a tension sensor and data acquisition equipment, wherein the acceleration sensor and the tension sensor are both arranged on the steel rope, and the data acquisition equipment acquires the measurement data of the acceleration sensor and the tension sensor.
2. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 1, wherein: the vibration mechanism comprises a first motor, a rotary table, a connecting rod, a first sliding block, a connecting mechanism and a first sliding rail; first motor, carousel and first slide rail are all fixed on first basic frame, and first motor drive carousel is rotatory, and the both ends of connecting rod articulate carousel and first slider respectively, and first slider is installed on first slide rail, and coupling mechanism fixes on first slider, and coupling mechanism can be connected with the frame that shakes.
3. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 2, wherein: the vibration mechanism further comprises an adjusting rod and a connecting shaft, the adjusting rod is fixed on the surface of the rotary table and is parallel to the diameter of the rotary table, an adjusting groove along the length direction of the adjusting rod is formed in the adjusting rod, the connecting shaft is fixed in the adjusting groove, and the connecting rod is hinged to the connecting shaft.
4. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 3, wherein: the connecting mechanism is an electromagnet.
5. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 1, wherein: the first base frame comprises a moving frame, a second motor, a gear and a rack, a second sliding rail is arranged on the rack, a second sliding block is arranged on the moving frame, and the moving frame is mounted on the second sliding rail through the second sliding block; the rack is installed in the frame, and the rack is parallel with the second slide rail, and second motor and gear are all installed on removing the frame, and second motor drive gear is rotatory, and the gear meshes with the rack.
6. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 5, wherein: the first base frame further includes a first fastening screw installed on the moving frame.
7. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 6, wherein: the second base frame and the air injection assembly are further included; the second base frame is consistent with the first base frame in structure and is arranged on the rack, and the first base frame and the second base frame are respectively positioned on different sides of the rack; the air injection assembly comprises an air injection pipe and an air source, the air injection pipe is arranged on the second base frame, and the air injection pipe is connected with the air source.
8. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 7, wherein: the air injection assembly further comprises a third sliding block and a third sliding rail, the third sliding rail is vertically fixed on the second base frame, the third sliding block is installed on the third sliding rail, and the air injection pipe is installed on the third sliding block.
9. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 8, wherein: the air injection assembly further comprises a second fastening screw, and the second fastening screw is installed on the third sliding block.
10. The blueberry harvesting test stand of claim 1, wherein: the steel rope steering device is characterized by further comprising a fixed pulley, one end of the steel rope is connected with the rack, the other end of the steel rope is connected with the rack after being guided to steer by the fixed pulley, and the acceleration sensor and the tension sensor are located at two ends of the fixed pulley.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110073387.3A CN112889477B (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Blueberry harvesting test bed |
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| CN202110073387.3A CN112889477B (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Blueberry harvesting test bed |
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| CN112889477B (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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