CN112887429A - Data transmission method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Data transmission method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a data transmission method, a data transmission device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method is executed by a terminal device of a sender, and comprises the following steps: receiving a network message sent by an MQTT service background, and determining the current network state of a sender terminal device according to the network message; judging whether the size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data; and sending the compressed data to the MQTT service background, determining the current network state of the sender terminal equipment by the MQTT service background according to the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data, writing the current network state into a network message, and sending the network message to the sender terminal equipment. The data are transmitted in groups, the original data are compressed in a targeted mode according to the network state, and the efficiency and the precision of data transmission are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to data communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for data transmission, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
The MQTT (Message queue Telemetry Transport) protocol is widely applied to the fields of internet of things, mobile internet, intelligent hardware, internet of vehicles, electric power energy and the like. For example, the MQTT protocol may be used in internet of things big data collection, mobile instant messaging, distance education, and communication of various intelligent appliances.
The existing MQTT protocol is a transmission protocol for transmitting lightweight text data and is suitable for smaller data volume. If a multi-party device is required to communicate, for example, a multi-party voice call, audio data needs to be transmitted uninterruptedly in real time. To ensure the voice call effect, the voice recording generally adopts a 16-bit 8K sampling rate, so that the generated data flow per second reaches 128Kbps (bit rate). If the MQTT protocol is directly applied, under the low-bandwidth and unstable Internet of things environment, phenomena such as large data transmission delay, packet loss and the like are easily caused, the reliability and timeliness of data cannot be guaranteed, and the efficiency and precision of data transmission are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method, a data transmission device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and aims to improve the efficiency and the precision of data transmission.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method, which is executed by a sender terminal device, and includes:
receiving a network message sent by an MQTT service background, and determining the current network state of a sender terminal device according to the network message;
judging whether the size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data;
and sending the compressed data to the MQTT service background, determining the current network state of the sender terminal equipment by the MQTT service background according to the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data, writing the current network state into a network message, and sending the network message to the sender terminal equipment.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission method, which is executed by an MQTT service background, and the method includes:
determining the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data and the terminal equipment of a receiving party of the compressed data according to the received compressed data of the terminal equipment of the sending party;
determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the sending time and the receiving time;
and writing the current network state into a network message and sending the network message to the terminal equipment of the sender, and sending the compressed data to the terminal equipment of the receiver.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission apparatus, configured in a terminal device of a sender, where the apparatus includes:
the network state determining module is used for receiving a network message sent by the MQTT service background and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the network message;
the data compression module is used for judging whether the size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value or not, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data;
and the data sending module is used for sending the compressed data to the MQTT service background, determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data by the MQTT service background, writing the current network state into a network message and sending the network message to the terminal equipment of the sender.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission device configured in an MQTT service background, where the data transmission device includes:
the time determining module is used for determining the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data and the receiving party terminal equipment of the compressed data according to the received compressed data of the sending party terminal equipment;
a current state determining module, configured to determine a current network state of the sender terminal device according to the sending time and the receiving time;
and the message sending module is used for writing the current network state into a network message and sending the network message to the sender terminal equipment, and sending the compressed data to the receiver terminal equipment.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the processor implements the data transmission method according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention.
In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, which when executed by a computer processor, are configured to perform the data transmission method according to the embodiments of the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, data communication between the terminal equipment and the service background is realized through the MQTT protocol, the terminal equipment of the sender can group the original data in the queue according to the preset data threshold, after a group of original data is determined, the original data is compressed according to the current network state, and the compressed data is sent to the MQTT service background. The MQTT service background can continuously confirm the current network state of the terminal equipment and feed back the current network state to the terminal equipment, so that the compression ratio of data can be dynamically adjusted. The problems of data transmission delay, packet loss and the like in the prior art are solved, the requirements on a network are reduced through grouping and compression, the stability and timeliness of data transmission are ensured, and the efficiency and precision of data transmission are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a data transmission method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device in a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device in a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method is applicable to a case of data transmission using MQTT protocol, and the method can be executed by a data transmission device configured in a sender terminal device. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically includes the following steps:
and 110, receiving a network message sent by an MQTT service background, and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the network message.
The multi-party terminal device performs communication, for example, the terminal device is a mobile phone, and a plurality of mobile phones can perform voice communication. An MQTT client module can be created in the terminal equipment, so that the terminal equipment and the service background can communicate through an MQTT protocol. The terminal device of the sender can transmit the data to be sent to the MQTT service background, and the MQTT service background transmits the data to be sent to the terminal device of the receiver. Each terminal device may send a message to the MQTT service background in real time or at regular time, for example, may send a message to the MQTT service background by using a heartbeat mechanism.
When a plurality of terminal devices perform data transmission, for example, when performing voice call, a sender terminal device may generate a message in real time according to voice data to be sent and send the message to an MQTT Service background, and the MQTT Service background may determine a current network state of the sender terminal device according to the received message, for example, the MQTT Service background may perform QoS (Quality of Service) analysis on a message sent by the terminal device to determine the current network state of the sender terminal device. The MQTT service background can also obtain the receiving time of the received message, and the message can include the time of the sending party terminal device sending the message, so the MQTT service background can determine the sending time of the sending party terminal device sending the message according to the received message. And obtaining the time difference of message receiving and sending according to the receiving time and the sending time. The association relationship between different network states and the time difference may be preset, for example, the larger the time difference is, the worse the network state is. And determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the obtained time difference, writing the current network state into a network message, and feeding the network message back to the terminal equipment of the sender, so that the terminal equipment of the sender can determine the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the received network message.
The message header of the network message sent to the terminal device of the sending party by the MQTT service background can be expanded, so that the message header comprises bytes from 0 th bit to 7 th bit, and the 0 th bit zone bit in the fixed header is used as a Delta time (increment time) zone bit to represent the delay of the current network. For example, the value of the response code of the 0 th flag bit is 0 × 00, which means that the current network state is low delay, and the delay is within 50 ms; the response code value of the 0 th zone bit is 0 multiplied by 01, the meaning is that the current network state is medium delay, and the delay is between 50ms and 200 ms; the response code value of the 0 th bit zone bit is 0 multiplied by 02, the meaning is that the current network state is high delay, and the delay is more than 200 ms; the 0 th flag bit has a response code value of 0 × 80, meaning that data transmission has failed. The terminal device of the sending party can analyze the network message returned by the MQTT service background in real time, so as to determine the current network state of the terminal device of the sending party.
In this embodiment, optionally, before receiving a network packet sent by an MQTT service background and determining a current network state of a sender terminal device according to the network packet, the method further includes: and sending the device connection information to the MQTT service background for the MQTT service background to verify the device connection information and establish the communication connection between the sender terminal device and the MQTT service background.
Specifically, before data transmission is performed through the MQTT service background, each terminal device needs to establish communication connection with the MQTT service background. Each terminal device can register the account of the MQTT client module of the terminal device and send device connection information to the MQTT service background so as to send a connection request. The device connection information may include parameters such as an MQTT service background IP address, a port, a user name for authentication, an authentication password, and an encryption public key. The device connection information sent by the terminal device can be data such as a user name or an authentication password encrypted by a private key of the MQTT service background, and the MQTT service background acquires a pre-stored public key or the public key sent by the terminal device after receiving the device connection information and decrypts the encrypted data according to the public key. After each terminal device successfully registers, the MQTT service background can store the user name and the authentication password. After the MQTT is decrypted, the decrypted user name and authentication password may be compared with the stored user name and authentication password. If the comparison is consistent, the user name and the authentication password are determined to be correct, the verification is successful, the MQTT service background is successfully connected with the MQTT client side for verification, and the MQTT client side can subsequently receive and transmit data with other successfully verified MQTT client sides through the MQTT service background. If the comparison is inconsistent, the user name and the authentication password are determined to be failed to be checked, the MQTT service background is disconnected with the terminal equipment where the MQTT client is located, and the MQTT client cannot transmit data subsequently. If a certain MQTT client fails to check continuously for multiple times, the connection IP is automatically added into a blacklist, and connection with the MQTT client is refused within a certain time, namely connection with the terminal equipment where the MQTT client is located is refused. The MQTT client module is established by the terminal equipment, the communication connection is established with the MQTT service background according to the connection information, the data transmission between the terminal equipment and the MQTT service background is realized, the connection between any equipment and the service background is avoided, and the reliability of the data transmission is improved.
In this embodiment, optionally, determining the current network state of the sender terminal device according to the network packet includes: acquiring a current 0 th bit zone bit of a message header in a network message; and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the current 0 th zone bit and the incidence relation between the preset network state and the 0 th zone bit.
Specifically, the terminal device of the sending party receives a network message sent by an MQTT service background, and acquires a 0 th bit zone bit from a message header as a current 0 th bit zone bit. The association relationship between the network state and the 0 th flag bit is stored in advance, for example, the 0 th flag bit is 0 × 00, the network state is low delay, and the low delay can indicate that the network state is better; the response code value of the 0 th bit zone bit is 0 multiplied by 01, the network state is medium delay, and the medium delay represents the medium network state; the response code value of the 0 th flag bit is 0 × 02, and the network status is high delay, which indicates that the network status is poor. And searching the network state associated with the current 0 th bit zone bit according to the obtained current 0 th bit zone bit to be used as the current network state. The beneficial effect of the setting is that the current network state can be quickly determined by obtaining the 0 th bit zone bit of the message header, so that the data compression can be conveniently carried out according to the current network state, and the data transmission efficiency is improved. The problems of large data transmission delay, packet loss and the like caused in an unstable network environment are avoided, and real-time data transmission is guaranteed.
And step 120, judging whether the size of the original data in the original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data.
When the multi-party terminal equipment performs voice interaction, in order to ensure the voice call effect, the audio recorded in real time adopts a 16-bit single-channel 8K sampling rate, the data stream per second reaches 128Kbps, the requirement on the network bandwidth is high, the phenomena of large data transmission delay and packet loss are easily caused under an unstable network environment, and the real-time transmission of the audio data cannot be ensured. Therefore, in this embodiment, the terminal device on the sending side may put the original data sampled per frame into the original data queue for storage in real time, for example, may store the original audio data sampled per frame. When the data in the queue reaches a preset data threshold, grouping can be performed once, that is, the original data with the size of the preset data threshold is used as a group of data packets, and then compression is performed to obtain compressed data. Data compression can be performed based on a preset compression algorithm according to the current network state. For example, SPEEX compression algorithm is adopted for audio data compression, and 8000Hz narrowband mode is selected for coding and decoding in order to efficiently transmit data in the weak network environment of the internet of things. Different network states can be associated with different compression ratios, the better the network state, the higher the compression quality.
In this embodiment, optionally, determining whether the size of the original data in the original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data, including: putting the real-time sampled original data into an original data queue for storage; judging whether the size of original data in the original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value or not according to a preset judgment time period; if yes, determining a target compression ratio for compressing the original data according to the current network state; and compressing the original data in the original data queue according to the target compression ratio to obtain compressed data.
Specifically, the sender terminal device is provided with an original data queue, where the original data queue is used to temporarily store original data of the sender terminal device, and the original data is data to be sent by the sender terminal device. For example, the sending terminal device may place the raw audio data sampled in real time into a raw data queue for storage. A judgment time period may be set, and each time a judgment time period is reached, whether the data amount in the original data queue exceeds the preset data threshold value or not may be judged, and whether the data amount in the original data queue exceeds the preset data threshold value or not may also be judged in real time. And if the data quantity exceeds the threshold value, dividing the data in the original data queue into a group for compression, namely, the data quantity of each group is the quantity of the data threshold value. For example, the preset data threshold is 4K bytes, and the data in the queue is grouped once every 4K bytes are reached, and the data amount of each group is 4K bytes. After grouping, the data packets are compressed according to the current network state, and the compression quality of three levels can be set to adjust the compression size of the audio data, namely low, medium and high. The lower the compression quality, the smaller the compressed data volume, the relatively lower the audio quality of the decompressed restoration, and the default audio data compression quality may be medium.
Setting the compression ratio under different compression qualities, and setting the compression quality to be low and the like under the condition that the network is poor, wherein the compression ratio of the data can be that the size of a data packet of 16:1 and 4K Byte is only 250Byte after the data packet is compressed. In general, the network sets the compression quality to be medium, and the size of a data packet with a data compression ratio of 8:1 and 4K bytes is 500 bytes after compression. When the network is better, the compression quality is set to be high, the compression ratio of the data is 6:1, and the size of the data of 4K Byte is about 670Byte after the data is compressed. And determining the grade of the compression quality according to the current network state, and determining a target compression ratio according to the grade of the compression quality. And compressing the data packets grouped in the original data queue according to the target compression ratio to obtain compressed data. The beneficial effect that sets up like this lies in, through dynamic compression guarantee under the relatively poor condition of thing networking network, utilize high compression ratio, and the transmission mechanism that guarantees once delivery of MQTT agreement, guarantee the availability of data communication to can be after the network resumes, the self-adaptation improves communication quality, for example, can improve voice communication's audio quality, thereby improve data transmission's precision and efficiency.
When one-to-one voice communication is carried out, the audio data transmission can be met only by the bandwidth of 1KByte/s, when the network is good, the occupied bandwidth can meet the good conversation tone quality only by less than 3KByte/s, the requirement on the network is greatly reduced, the stability and timeliness of data transmission can be guaranteed, and the stable voice communication experience is provided for users while the audio quality is guaranteed.
And step 130, sending the compressed data to an MQTT service background, determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data by the MQTT service background, writing the current network state into a network message, and sending the network message to the terminal equipment of the sender.
The sender terminal device packages the data after packet compression by adopting an MQTT protocol, and issues the packaged compressed data to an MQTT service background, and the sender terminal device can designate a receiver terminal device when issuing the compressed data. And after receiving the compressed data, the MQTT service background sends the compressed data to the appointed terminal equipment of the receiving party. And after receiving the data, the terminal equipment of the receiving party decompresses by adopting a preset algorithm to obtain the data sent by the terminal equipment of the sending party. For example, the original audio data stream can be obtained through SPEEX algorithm, and the decompressed original audio data stream is put into an audio stream queue and output to a playback device, i.e. the sound can be heard. After receiving the compressed data, the MQTT service background may further perform QoS analysis on a message sent by the terminal device, to determine a current network state of the sender terminal device, where the message may include the compressed data. For example, the MQTT service background may determine the receiving time of the received message and the sending time of the sending terminal device sending the message. And obtaining the time difference of message receiving and sending according to the receiving time and the sending time. And determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the obtained time difference and preset incidence relations between different network states and the time difference, writing the current network state into a network message, and feeding the network message back to the terminal equipment of the sender, so that the terminal equipment of the sender can determine the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the received network message, and the compression ratio of data sent next time can be conveniently determined according to the current network state.
The Internet of things voice communication method based on MQTT protocol dynamic compression and real-time audio transmission enables terminal equipment to dynamically compress audio data through a network state and perform packet transmission, achieves the purpose that the MQTT protocol can be adopted to transmit the audio data in real time under a complex network environment, and ensures the stability and timeliness of data transmission.
According to the technical scheme, data communication between the terminal device and the service background is achieved through an MQTT protocol, the terminal device of the sending party can group the original data in the queue according to a preset data threshold, after a group of original data is determined, the original data are compressed according to the current network state, and the compressed data are sent to the MQTT service background. The MQTT service background can continuously confirm the current network state of the terminal equipment and feed back the current network state to the terminal equipment, so that the compression ratio of data can be dynamically adjusted. The problems of data transmission delay, packet loss and the like in the prior art are solved, the requirements on a network are reduced through grouping and compression, the stability and timeliness of data transmission are ensured, and the efficiency and precision of data transmission are improved.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to a case where data transmission is performed using MQTT protocol, and the method can be executed by a data transmission device configured in an MQTT service background. As shown in fig. 2, the method specifically includes the following steps:
The sender terminal device can send a message to the MQTT service background in real time or at regular time, the message can include compressed data, sending time, a receiver terminal device identifier and the like, and the compressed data is data to be sent by the sender terminal device. The MQTT can obtain the sending time of the compressed data and the receiving time of the compressed data received by the MQTT according to the received message, and determines the receiving party terminal equipment of the compressed data according to the receiving party terminal equipment identification.
And step 220, determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the sending time and the receiving time.
After the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data are obtained, the time difference of sending and receiving the compressed data can be determined. And determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the obtained time difference. The larger the time difference, the worse the current network state. A receiving time threshold may be preset, and if the message of the sender terminal device is not received within the receiving time threshold, it may be considered that the sending of the message of the sender terminal device fails, and a prompt message may be sent to the sender terminal device.
In this embodiment, optionally, determining the current network state of the sender terminal device according to the sending time and the receiving time includes: determining the current time difference of data receiving and transmitting according to the sending time and the receiving time; and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the current time difference and the incidence relation between the preset time difference and the network state.
Specifically, the sending and receiving time difference of the message is determined as the current time difference according to the sending time and the receiving time. The association relationship between the time difference and the network state is preset, for example, the network state may be divided into a low delay, a medium delay and a high delay, the low delay represents that the network state is good, the medium delay represents that the network state is general, and the high delay represents that the network state is poor. The larger the time difference is, the worse the network state is, and the current network state of the terminal device of the sender can be obtained according to the current time difference. The MQTT service background can timely determine the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender, and provides a basis for data compression of the terminal equipment of the sender, so that the terminal equipment of the sender can dynamically adjust the data compression rate, and a faster and better real-time communication effect is achieved.
After determining the current network state, the MQTT service background may feed back the current network state to the sender terminal device, for example, may write the current network state into a network packet and send the network packet to the sender terminal device. After receiving the message of the sender terminal device, the MQTT service background can also determine the receiver terminal device and directly transmit the compressed data to the receiver terminal device, and the MQTT service background can transmit the compressed data before or after determining the current network state. After receiving the compressed data, the receiver terminal device may decompress the compressed data by using SPEEX and other algorithms, assemble the compressed data in the order of the received compressed data to obtain an original data stream, and place the decompressed original data stream into an audio stream queue to obtain complete data.
In this embodiment, optionally, writing the current network state into a network packet and sending the network packet to the sender terminal device includes: determining the current 0 th bit zone bit of a message header in a network message according to the current network state and the incidence relation between the preset network state and the 0 th bit zone bit; writing the character string content of the current 0 th zone bit into a message header of the network message, and sending the network message to the terminal equipment of the sender.
Specifically, the MQTT service background needs to perform QoS analysis on a message sent by the sender terminal device and reply the message to the sender terminal device, which needs to optimize an original topic subscription control message. In the original protocol, the 0 th flag bit in the fixed header is not used by other types of messages except for Publish messages, so the 0 th flag bit can be optimized to be a Delta time flag bit for representing the current network delay, that is, the 0 th flag bit can be used for representing the current network state. After the current network state is determined, a response code value of the 0 th flag bit associated with the current network state is determined, for example, the response code value may be 0 × 00, 0 × 01, 0 × 02, 0 × 80, and the like. And perfecting the network message according to the response code value, and sending the network message to the sender terminal equipment, so that the sender terminal equipment determines the compression ratio when sending data next time according to the current network state. A default compression ratio can be set for each terminal device to use when data transmission is carried out between each terminal device and the MQTT service background for the first time. The method has the advantages that the data transmission is carried out by utilizing the MQTT protocol, the message header of the MQTT protocol is subjected to expansion processing, the network state is acquired in real time in the transmission process, the data compression ratio is dynamically adjusted, and the data transmission efficiency and reliability are improved.
The embodiment of the invention determines the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender by receiving the compressed data of the terminal equipment of the sender. The current network state is fed back to the terminal equipment of the sending party through the network message, so that the terminal equipment of the sending party can adjust the compression ratio of data in real time, reduce the phenomena of data transmission delay, packet loss and the like, ensure the stability and timeliness of data transmission and improve the efficiency and precision of data transmission.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is configured in a sender terminal device and has functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus specifically includes:
the network state determining module 301 is configured to receive a network packet sent by an MQTT service background, and determine a current network state of a sender terminal device according to the network packet;
a data compression module 302, configured to determine whether a size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold, and if so, compress the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data;
the data sending module 303 is configured to send the compressed data to the MQTT service background, so that the MQTT service background determines a current network state of the sender terminal device according to sending time and receiving time of the compressed data, and writes the current network state into a network packet and sends the network packet to the sender terminal device.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the communication connection module is used for sending device connection information to the MQTT service background before receiving the network message sent by the MQTT service background and determining the current network state of the terminal device of the sender according to the network message, so that the MQTT service background can verify the device connection information and establish the communication connection between the terminal device of the sender and the MQTT service background.
Optionally, the network status determining module 301 is specifically configured to:
acquiring the current 0 th bit zone bit of a message header in the network message;
and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the current 0 th zone bit and the incidence relation between the preset network state and the 0 th zone bit.
Optionally, the data compression module 302 includes:
the data storage unit is used for storing the original data sampled in real time in an original data queue;
the data judging unit is used for judging whether the size of the original data in the original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value according to a preset judging time period;
a compression ratio determining unit, configured to determine, if the target compression ratio is greater than the current network state, a target compression ratio for compressing the original data according to the current network state;
and the compressed data obtaining unit is used for compressing the original data in the original data queue according to the target compression ratio to obtain the compressed data.
According to the embodiment of the invention, data communication between the terminal equipment and the service background is realized through the MQTT protocol, the terminal equipment of the sender can group the original data in the queue according to the preset data threshold, after a group of original data is determined, the original data is compressed according to the current network state, and the compressed data is sent to the MQTT service background. The MQTT service background can continuously confirm the current network state of the terminal equipment and feed back the current network state to the terminal equipment, so that the compression ratio of data can be dynamically adjusted. The problems of data transmission delay, packet loss and the like in the prior art are solved, the requirements on a network are reduced through grouping and compression, the stability and timeliness of data transmission are ensured, and the efficiency and precision of data transmission are improved.
Example four
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a data transmission device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is configured in an MQTT service background and has functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus specifically includes:
a time determining module 401, configured to determine, according to received compressed data of a sender terminal device, sending time and receiving time of the compressed data, and a receiver terminal device of the compressed data;
a current state determining module 402, configured to determine a current network state of the sender terminal device according to the sending time and the receiving time;
a message sending module 403, configured to write the current network state into a network message and send the network message to a sender terminal device, and send the compressed data to a receiver terminal device.
Optionally, the current state determining module 402 is specifically configured to:
determining the current time difference of data receiving and transmitting according to the sending time and the receiving time;
and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the current time difference and the incidence relation between the preset time difference and the network state.
Optionally, the message sending module 403 is specifically configured to:
determining the current 0 th bit zone bit of a message header in a network message according to the current network state and the incidence relation between the preset network state and the 0 th bit zone bit;
and writing the character string content of the current 0 th zone bit into a message header of a network message, and sending the network message to a sender terminal device.
The embodiment of the invention determines the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender by receiving the compressed data of the terminal equipment of the sender. The current network state is fed back to the terminal equipment of the sending party through the network message, so that the terminal equipment of the sending party can adjust the compression ratio of data in real time, reduce the phenomena of data transmission delay, packet loss and the like, ensure the stability and timeliness of data transmission and improve the efficiency and precision of data transmission.
EXAMPLE five
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The data transmission device is an electronic device and fig. 5 shows a block diagram of an exemplary electronic device 500 suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device 500 shown in fig. 5 is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the electronic device 500 is embodied in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 500 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 501, a system memory 502, and a bus 503 that couples the various system components (including the system memory 502 and the processing unit 501).
The system memory 502 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM)504 and/or cache memory 505. The electronic device 500 may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 506 may be used to read from and write to non-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media (not shown in FIG. 5, commonly referred to as a "hard drive"). Although not shown in FIG. 5, a magnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk (e.g., a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to the bus 503 by one or more data media interfaces. Memory 502 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of the invention.
A program/utility 508 having a set (at least one) of program modules 507 may be stored, for instance, in memory 502, such program modules 507 including, but not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which examples or some combination thereof may comprise an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 507 generally perform the functions and/or methodologies of embodiments of the invention as described herein.
The electronic device 500 may also communicate with one or more external devices 509 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 510, etc.), with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 500, and/or with any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enable the electronic device 500 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may occur via input/output (I/O) interfaces 511. Also, the electronic device 500 may communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network such as the Internet) via the network adapter 512. As shown in FIG. 5, the network adapter 512 communicates with the other modules of the electronic device 500 over the bus 503. It should be appreciated that although not shown in FIG. 5, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device 500, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, among others.
The processing unit 501 executes various functional applications and data processing by executing programs stored in the system memory 502, for example, to implement a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including:
receiving a network message sent by an MQTT service background, and determining the current network state of a sender terminal device according to the network message;
judging whether the size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data;
and sending the compressed data to the MQTT service background, determining the current network state of the sender terminal equipment by the MQTT service background according to the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data, writing the current network state into a network message, and sending the network message to the sender terminal equipment.
EXAMPLE six
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The data transfer device is an electronic device and fig. 6 shows a block diagram of an exemplary electronic device 600 suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device 600 shown in fig. 6 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, the electronic device 600 is embodied in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 600 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 601, a system memory 602, and a bus 603 that couples various system components including the system memory 602 and the processing unit 601.
The system memory 602 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM)604 and/or cache memory 605. The electronic device 600 may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 606 may be used to read from and write to non-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media (not shown in FIG. 6, commonly referred to as a "hard drive"). Although not shown in FIG. 6, a magnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk (e.g., a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to the bus 603 by one or more data media interfaces. Memory 602 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of the invention.
A program/utility 608 having a set (at least one) of program modules 607 may be stored, for example, in memory 602, such program modules 607 including, but not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which examples or some combination thereof may comprise an implementation of a network environment. The program modules 607 generally perform the functions and/or methods of the described embodiments of the invention.
The electronic device 600 may also communicate with one or more external devices 609 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 610, etc.), one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 600, and/or any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enable the electronic device 600 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may occur via an input/output (I/O) interface 611. Also, the electronic device 600 may communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the internet) via the network adapter 612. As shown in FIG. 6, the network adapter 612 communicates with the other modules of the electronic device 600 via the bus 603. It should be appreciated that although not shown in FIG. 6, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with electronic device 600, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, among others.
The processing unit 601 executes various functional applications and data processing by running a program stored in the system memory 602, for example, to implement a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including:
determining the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data and the terminal equipment of a receiving party of the compressed data according to the received compressed data of the terminal equipment of the sending party;
determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the sending time and the receiving time;
and writing the current network state into a network message and sending the network message to the terminal equipment of the sender, and sending the compressed data to the terminal equipment of the receiver.
EXAMPLE seven
The seventh embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, where a computer program is stored on the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented, where the computer program includes:
determining the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data and the terminal equipment of a receiving party of the compressed data according to the received compressed data of the terminal equipment of the sending party;
determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the sending time and the receiving time;
and writing the current network state into a network message and sending the network message to the terminal equipment of the sender, and sending the compressed data to the terminal equipment of the receiver.
Computer storage media for embodiments of the invention may employ any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
Example eight
An eighth embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, where the storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the storage medium implements a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes:
receiving a network message sent by an MQTT service background, and determining the current network state of a sender terminal device according to the network message;
judging whether the size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data;
and sending the compressed data to the MQTT service background, determining the current network state of the sender terminal equipment by the MQTT service background according to the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data, writing the current network state into a network message, and sending the network message to the sender terminal equipment.
Computer storage media for embodiments of the invention may employ any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A data transmission method, performed by a sender terminal device, the method comprising:
receiving a network message sent by an MQTT service background, and determining the current network state of a sender terminal device according to the network message;
judging whether the size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data;
and sending the compressed data to the MQTT service background, determining the current network state of the sender terminal equipment by the MQTT service background according to the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data, writing the current network state into a network message, and sending the network message to the sender terminal equipment.
2. The method according to claim 1, before receiving a network packet sent by an MQTT service background and determining a current network state of a sender terminal device according to the network packet, further comprising:
and sending device connection information to an MQTT service background for the MQTT service background to verify the device connection information and establish communication connection between the sender terminal device and the MQTT service background.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the current network state of the sender terminal device from the network packet comprises:
acquiring the current 0 th bit zone bit of a message header in the network message;
and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the current 0 th zone bit and the incidence relation between the preset network state and the 0 th zone bit.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether a size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold, and if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data comprises:
putting the real-time sampled original data into an original data queue for storage;
judging whether the size of the original data in the original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value or not according to a preset judgment time period;
if yes, determining a target compression ratio for compressing the original data according to the current network state;
and compressing the original data in the original data queue according to the target compression ratio to obtain the compressed data.
5. A data transmission method, characterized in that it is executed by MQTT service background, the method comprising:
determining the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data and the terminal equipment of a receiving party of the compressed data according to the received compressed data of the terminal equipment of the sending party;
determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the sending time and the receiving time;
and writing the current network state into a network message and sending the network message to the terminal equipment of the sender, and sending the compressed data to the terminal equipment of the receiver.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the current network status of the sender terminal device according to the sending time and the receiving time comprises:
determining the current time difference of data receiving and transmitting according to the sending time and the receiving time;
and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the current time difference and the incidence relation between the preset time difference and the network state.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein writing the current network status into a network message and sending the network message to a sender terminal device comprises:
determining the current 0 th bit zone bit of a message header in a network message according to the current network state and the incidence relation between the preset network state and the 0 th bit zone bit;
and writing the character string content of the current 0 th zone bit into a message header of a network message, and sending the network message to a sender terminal device.
8. A data transmission apparatus, configured to a terminal device on a transmission side, the apparatus comprising:
the network state determining module is used for receiving a network message sent by the MQTT service background and determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the network message;
the data compression module is used for judging whether the size of original data in an original data queue exceeds a preset data threshold value or not, if so, compressing the original data according to the current network state to obtain compressed data;
and the data sending module is used for sending the compressed data to the MQTT service background, determining the current network state of the terminal equipment of the sender according to the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data by the MQTT service background, writing the current network state into a network message and sending the network message to the terminal equipment of the sender.
9. A data transmission device configured in an MQTT service background, the device comprising:
the time determining module is used for determining the sending time and the receiving time of the compressed data and the receiving party terminal equipment of the compressed data according to the received compressed data of the sending party terminal equipment;
a current state determining module, configured to determine a current network state of the sender terminal device according to the sending time and the receiving time;
and the message sending module is used for writing the current network state into a network message and sending the network message to the sender terminal equipment, and sending the compressed data to the receiver terminal equipment.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1-4 or 5-7 when executing the program.
11. A storage medium containing computer-executable instructions for performing the data transmission method of any one of claims 1-4 or 5-7 when executed by a computer processor.
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