CN112886684A - Multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit and system - Google Patents
Multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886684A CN112886684A CN202110322058.8A CN202110322058A CN112886684A CN 112886684 A CN112886684 A CN 112886684A CN 202110322058 A CN202110322058 A CN 202110322058A CN 112886684 A CN112886684 A CN 112886684A
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/36—Arrangements using end-cell switching
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a charging and discharging management circuit of a plurality of lithium batteries, a first port is connected with a battery series connection function switch tube, a second port is connected with a battery parallel connection function switch tube, when the control circuit opens the switch tube with the parallel battery function through the port B, the battery pack is in a parallel state, the port E opens the charging management circuit to charge the battery pack, when the control circuit turns on the switch tube with the serial connection function of the batteries and turns off the switch tube with the parallel connection function of the batteries through the port A, the invention also provides a charging and discharging management system of the multiple lithium batteries, which solves the problem that the charging and discharging state of a single lithium battery cannot be monitored in real time and improves the working stability and reliability of the charging and discharging management of the multiple lithium batteries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit and system.
Background
Lithium batteries have the advantages of small size, high energy density, no memory effect, high voltage, low self-discharge rate, and the like, and increasingly more electronic devices, such as mobile phones, electric vehicles, bluetooth devices, and the like, begin to adopt lithium batteries as a main power source.
The lithium cell has certain risk because of energy density is high in the charge-discharge process, and when the lithium cell under overcharge state, the inside electrolyte of lithium cell can decompose the production gas behind the temperature rise of lithium cell for the internal pressure increase of lithium cell breaks and catches fire. At present, many poor lithium battery charging management systems are unreasonable in design, and can cause a lithium battery to be in an overcharged state, so that danger occurs, and safety and reliability are low. Meanwhile, due to the process difference between the single lithium batteries, the state of the single lithium battery cannot be monitored in real time in the traditional multi-section charging and discharging management system, and the management of the whole system is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit and system for monitoring and displaying the charging and discharging state of each lithium battery in a battery pack in real time and improving the charging and discharging working stability of the lithium batteries, which can solve the above technical problems and is implemented by the following technical solutions.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries, including a control circuit, a switching circuit, a battery pack connected to the switching circuit, a charging management circuit, and a discharging management circuit, where the switching circuit and the charging management circuit are connected to the control circuit, and the switching circuit, the charging management circuit, and the discharging management circuit are connected to the battery pack;
the control circuit comprises a control chip with a plurality of ports, and the ports of the control chip are respectively and correspondingly connected with the switch circuit, the charging management circuit and the discharging management circuit;
the switch circuit comprises a battery series connection function switch tube, a battery parallel connection function switch tube, a first port and a second port, the battery series connection function switch tube is connected with the port A of the control circuit through the first port, and the battery parallel connection function switch tube is connected with the port B of the control circuit through the second port;
the charging management circuit is used for controlling the opening and closing of a charging circuit of the battery pack and is connected to a port E of the control circuit, the charging circuit is connected with a port C and a port D of the control circuit, and the discharging management circuit is connected with a port F of the control circuit and is used for controlling the opening and closing of a discharging circuit of the battery pack;
when the control circuit starts the battery parallel function switch tube through the port B, the battery pack is in a parallel state, and the port E starts the charging management circuit to charge the battery pack;
when the control circuit opens the battery series function switch tube and closes the battery parallel function switch tube through the port A, the battery pack supplies power to a load through the discharge circuit, the port A detects the voltage and the current of the battery pack, and the load is connected with the discharge management circuit.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, when the control circuit turns on the switch tube with the parallel battery function through the port B, the method further includes:
and the port C and the port D judge the charging state of the battery pack through the voltage change of the charging circuit, and when the voltage reaches a first preset threshold value, the discharging management circuit is closed.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, when the control circuit turns on the battery series function switching tube and turns off the battery parallel function switching tube through the port a, the control circuit further includes:
when the output current or the output voltage of the discharging circuit is reduced to a second preset threshold value, the charging state of the battery pack is judged to be insufficient, the control circuit turns off the discharging management circuit through the port F, and the battery pack stops supplying power to the load.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the battery series connection functional switch tube includes a first switch tube and a second switch tube, a gate of the first switch tube is short-circuited with a gate of the second switch tube, the battery parallel connection functional switch tube includes a third switch tube and a fourth switch tube, and a gate of the third switch tube is short-circuited with a gate of the fourth switch tube;
the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the first battery is connected with the drain electrode of the first switch tube and the drain electrode of the third switch tube, the second battery is connected with the source electrode of the second switch tube and the drain electrode of the fourth switch tube, the source electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second switch tube, the drain electrode of the third switch tube is connected to the second battery, the charging management circuit and the circuit where the discharging management circuit is located, and the source electrode of the fourth switch tube is connected to the first battery, the charging management circuit and the circuit where the discharging management circuit is located.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the charge management circuit includes a fifth switching tube, a diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first triode, and a second triode;
the grid of fifth switch tube with port E connects, the drain electrode of fifth switch tube with port D connects, the source electrode of fifth switch tube with the group battery is connected, the negative pole of diode is connected to port D, first resistance, the projecting pole of first triode with the positive pole of diode is connected, the base of first triode with first resistance is connected, the collecting electrode of first triode with the base of second triode, second resistance is connected, the collecting electrode of second triode with first resistance is connected, the transmitter of second triode with port C connects, the second resistance with the group battery is connected.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the fifth switching tube is an MOS switching tube, the diode is a freewheeling diode, and the first resistor and the second resistor are voltage-stabilizing resistors.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the discharge management circuit includes a sixth switching tube, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a third triode;
the grid of sixth switch tube with port F connects, the source electrode of sixth switch tube with the group battery is connected, the drain electrode of sixth switch tube with the load is connected, the input of third resistance with charge management circuit connects, the collecting electrode of third triode with the output of third resistance is connected, the projecting pole of third triode with the input of fifth resistance is connected, the base of third triode with the input of fourth resistance is connected, the output ground of fifth resistance, the output of fourth resistance with the load is connected.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the sixth switching tube is a depletion type MOS tube, and the third resistor, the fourth resistor, and the fifth resistor are voltage stabilizing resistors.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management system, including the above multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit, where the multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management system further includes:
the power supply module is connected with the control circuit and used for supplying power to the control circuit;
and the display module is connected with the control circuit and used for displaying the charging state or the discharging state of the battery pack.
The invention provides a multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit and a system, which have the following beneficial effects:
the series connection or the parallel connection of the lithium battery pack is controlled through a plurality of ports of the control circuit, the first port is connected with the battery series connection function switch tube, and the second port is connected with the battery parallel connection function switch tube. When the control circuit opens the switch tube with the parallel battery function through the port B, the battery pack is in a parallel state, the port E opens the charging management circuit to charge the battery pack, when the control circuit opens the switch tube with the series battery function through the port A and closes the switch tube with the parallel battery function, the battery pack supplies power to a load through the discharging circuit, the port A detects the voltage and the current of the battery pack, the load is connected with the discharging management circuit, the problem that the charging and discharging state of a single lithium battery cannot be monitored in real time is solved, the working stability and the reliability of charging and discharging management of multiple lithium batteries are improved, and the risk of overcharge and overdischarge of the multiple lithium battery packs is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a charging and discharging management system for multiple lithium batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main element symbols:
100-a charging and discharging management circuit for a plurality of lithium batteries; 110-a control circuit; 120-a switching circuit; 121-battery series function switching tube; 1211-a first switching tube; 1212-a second switching tube; 122-parallel functional switching tube of battery; 1221-a third switching tube; 1222-a fourth switching tube; 123-a first port; 124-a second port; 130-a battery pack; 131-a first battery; 132-a second battery; 140-charge management circuit; 141-a fifth switching tube; 142-a diode; 143-a first triode; 144-a second triode; 145 — a first resistance; 146-a second resistance; 150-a discharge management circuit; 151-sixth switching tube; 152-a third resistance; 153-fourth resistance; 154-fifth resistance; 155-a third triode; 200-a multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management system; 210-a power supply module; 220-display module.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a charging and discharging management circuit 100 for multiple lithium batteries, including a control circuit 110, a switch circuit 120, a battery pack 130 connected to the switch circuit 120, a charging management circuit 140, and a discharging management circuit 150, where the switch circuit 120 and the charging management circuit 140 are connected to the control circuit 110, and the switch circuit 120, the charging management circuit 140, and the discharging management circuit 150 are connected to the battery pack 130;
the control circuit 110 includes a control chip having a plurality of ports, and the ports of the control chip are respectively connected to the switch circuit 120, the charge management circuit 140, and the discharge management circuit 150;
the switch circuit 120 includes a battery series function switch tube 121, a battery parallel function switch tube 122, a first port 123 and a second port 124, the battery series function switch tube 121 is connected to the port a of the control circuit 110 through the first port 123, and the battery parallel function switch tube 122 is connected to the port B of the control circuit 110 through the second port 124;
the charging management circuit 140 is configured to control the on/off of a charging circuit of the battery pack 130 and is connected to the port E of the control circuit 110, the charging circuit is connected to the port C and the port D of the control circuit 110, and the discharging management circuit 150 is connected to the port F of the control circuit 110 and is configured to control the on/off of a discharging circuit of the battery pack 130;
when the control circuit 110 turns on the battery parallel function switch tube 122 through the port B, the battery pack 130 is in a parallel state, and the port E turns on the charge management circuit 140 to charge the battery pack 130;
when the control circuit 110 turns on the battery series function switch tube 121 and turns off the battery parallel function switch tube 122 through the port a, the battery pack 130 supplies power to a load through the discharge circuit, the port a detects the voltage and current of the battery pack 130, and the load is connected to the discharge management circuit 150.
In this embodiment, the lithium battery generally uses manganese dioxide as a positive electrode material, metal lithium or its alloy metal as a negative electrode material, and uses a nonaqueous electrolyte solution, and the lithium battery has the characteristics of high energy, high power bearing capacity, light weight, and the like. The control circuit comprises a control chip with a plurality of ports, the control chip can be an STM32 chip, the control chip has the characteristics of high cost performance, good control stability and good preparation effect on upgrading of a subsequent system, and each port is connected with different circuits or components to realize different functions. The switch circuit 120 includes 4 sets of switch MOS transistors, that is, a battery series function switch transistor 121 and a battery parallel function switch transistor 122, the battery series function switch transistor 121 is composed of two sets of switch MOS transistors, the battery parallel function switch transistor 122 is also composed of two sets of switch MOS transistors, and preferably, the types and parameters of the four sets of switch MOS transistors are the same, so as to realize the current magnitude of the charge management circuit 140 or the discharge management circuit 150, and improve the working stability of the circuit.
Specifically, the battery series function switch tube 121 includes a first switch tube 1211 and a second switch tube 1212, the first switch tube 1211 and the second switch tube 1212 are connected in series through the first port 123, that is, the gate of the first switch tube 1211 is shorted with the gate of the second switch tube 1212, the battery parallel function switch tube 122 includes a third switch tube 1221 and a fourth switch tube 1222, the gate of the third switch tube 1221 is shorted with the gate of the fourth switch tube 1222, the battery pack 130 includes a first battery 131 and a second battery 132, the first battery 131 is connected with the drain of the first switch tube 1211 and the drain of the third switch tube 1221, the second battery 132 is connected with the source of the second switch tube 1212 and the drain of the fourth switch tube 1222, the source of the first switch tube 1211 is connected with the drain of the second switch tube 1212, the drain of the third switch tube 1221 is connected with the second battery 132, the charge management circuit 140 and the discharge management circuit 150, the source of the fourth switch 1222 is connected to the circuit where the first battery 131, the charge management circuit 140 and the discharge management circuit 150 are located.
It should be understood that the first port 123 is connected to the port a of the control circuit 110, the second port 124 is connected to the port B of the control circuit 110, and when the first switch tube 1211 and the second switch tube 1212 are turned on simultaneously, the third switch tube 1221 and the fourth switch tube 1222 are in the off state, and the first battery 131 and the second battery 132 are in the series state. When the first switch tube 1211 and the second switch tube 1212 are in the off state, the third switch tube 1221 and the fourth switch tube 1222 are turned on, the first battery 131 and the second battery 132 are in the parallel state, the first battery 131 and the second battery 132 are connected in series for performing discharge management, the first battery 131 and the second battery 132 are connected in parallel for performing sub-charging management, the operation modes of the multiple lithium batteries can be flexibly switched, and the operation efficiency of charging and discharging the multiple lithium batteries can be improved.
It should be noted that the charging management circuit 140 is used to control the charging circuit of the battery pack 130 to be turned on or off, the charging management circuit 140 is connected to the port E of the control circuit 110, the charging circuit is connected to the port C and the port D of the control circuit 110, the first battery 131 and the second battery 132 in the charging circuit are connected in parallel, that is, the port C of the control circuit 110 is connected in series with the second battery 132, and the port D of the control circuit 110 is connected in series with the first battery 131. The discharge management circuit 150 is connected to the port F of the control circuit 110, and is used for controlling the on/off of the discharge circuit of the battery pack 130. When the control circuit 110 is connected to the first port 123 through the port a and turns on the switching tube 121 with the battery serial function, and simultaneously the control circuit 110 turns off the switching tube 122 with the battery parallel function through the port B, the control circuit 110 turns on the discharge management circuit 150 through the port F, and the battery pack 130 supplies power to the load connected to the discharge management circuit 150 through the discharge circuit connected to the discharge management circuit 150. When the control circuit 110 is connected with the second port 124 through the port B and the switching tube 122 with the parallel battery function is turned on, and simultaneously, the control circuit 110 turns on the charging management circuit 140 through the port E, the first battery 131 and the second battery 132 in the battery pack 110 are conveniently charged, the charging reliability of the lithium battery is enhanced, and the risk of overcharge and overdischarge of the lithium battery pack is also reduced.
Optionally, when the control circuit 110 turns on the battery parallel function switch tube 122 through the port B, the method further includes:
the port C and the port D determine the charging state of the battery pack 130 through the voltage change of the charging circuit, and when the voltage reaches a first preset threshold, the discharging management circuit 150 is turned off.
In this embodiment, overcharge can make the electrolyte in the lithium cell generate heat and decompose and produce gas, and gas forms pressure in sealed battery inside, leads to the lithium cell inflation, if the diaphragm breaks in the inflation process appears, positive negative pole contact will lead to the short circuit and catch fire. Also, external high power overdischarge can cause thermal expansion in the battery, and a destruction process like overcharging can cause a fire hazard. The first preset threshold value is the rated voltage of the lithium battery, such as 15V, when the lithium battery is charged, through reasonable control of the control circuit, the battery pack is charged through the amplifying function of the charging circuit, meanwhile, the port C and the port D can judge the charging state of the battery pack through the voltage change of the load, the charging state can be 'charging starting', 'charging in the middle' or 'charging completion', and the like, when the voltage reaches the preset voltage of the lithium battery, the charging management circuit is closed, so that the charging process of the lithium battery pack is completed, and the charging safety of the lithium battery is improved.
Optionally, when the control circuit 110 turns on the battery series function switch tube 121 and turns off the battery parallel function switch tube 122 through the port a, the method further includes:
when the output current or the output voltage of the discharge circuit is reduced to a second preset threshold value, it is determined that the charging state of the battery pack 130 is insufficient, the control circuit 110 turns off the discharge management circuit 150 through the port F, and the battery pack 130 stops supplying power to the load.
In this embodiment, the control circuit 110 connects the first port 123 through the port a to turn on the first switch tube 1211 and the second switch tube 1212, that is, to turn on the switch tube 121 for series connection of the batteries, and when the first battery 131 and the second battery 132 are connected in series, the battery pack 130 is in a discharging state, and the voltage or the current gradually decreases. When the current output current or voltage of the battery pack 130 is reduced to a second preset threshold value, which may be 0.1A or 1V, it is determined that the charging state of the battery pack 130 is insufficient, that is, the battery pack 130 needs to be charged, the control circuit 110 turns off the discharge management circuit 150 through the port F, the discharge process of the lithium battery is stopped, meanwhile, the lithium battery pack no longer supplies power to the load, the control circuit needs to switch the discharge state of the lithium battery to the charging state, and the rationality of charge and discharge management of the lithium battery is improved.
Optionally, the charge management circuit 140 includes a fifth switch tube 141, a diode 142, a first resistor 145, a second resistor 146, a first transistor 143, and a second transistor 144;
the gate of the fifth switching tube 141 is connected to the port E, the drain of the fifth switching tube 141 is connected to the port D, the source of the fifth switching tube 141 is connected to the battery pack 130, the cathode of the diode 142 is connected to the port D, the first resistor 145 and the emitter of the first transistor 143 are connected to the anode of the diode 142, the base of the first transistor 143 is connected to the first resistor 145, the collector of the first transistor 143 is connected to the base of the second transistor 144 and the second resistor 146, the collector of the second transistor 144 is connected to the first resistor 145, the transmitter of the second transistor 144 is connected to the port C, and the second resistor 146 is connected to the battery pack 130.
In this embodiment, the triode is a semiconductor device for controlling current, and is used to amplify a weak signal into an electrical signal with a large amplitude value, and also can be used as a contactless switch. The fifth switch tube is a switch MOS tube, the diode is a freewheeling diode, the freewheeling diode is a diode used in cooperation with an inductive load, and is generally used with an energy storage element, so that voltage and current sudden change can be prevented, a path is provided, the first resistor and the second resistor are voltage stabilizing resistors, the types and parameters of the first triode 143 and the second triode 144 are the same, and the port C and the port D are connected with a charging management circuit, so that the battery pack 130 can be rapidly charged, and the charging time of multiple lithium batteries can be saved.
Optionally, the discharge management circuit 150 includes a sixth switch 151, a third resistor 152, a fourth resistor 153, a fifth resistor 154, and a third transistor 155;
the gate of the sixth switching tube 151 is connected to the port F, the source of the sixth switching tube 151 is connected to the battery pack 130, the drain of the sixth switching tube 151 is connected to the load, the input terminal of the third resistor 152 is connected to the charge management circuit 140, the collector of the third triode 155 is connected to the output terminal of the third resistor 152, the emitter of the third triode 155 is connected to the input terminal of the fifth resistor 154, the base of the third triode 155 is connected to the input terminal of the fourth resistor 153, the output terminal of the fifth resistor 154 is grounded, and the output terminal of the fourth resistor 153 is connected to the load.
In this embodiment, the sixth switching tube 151 is a depletion type MOS tube, the third resistor 152, the fourth resistor 153 and the fifth resistor 154 are voltage stabilizing resistors, the sixth switching tube 151 is in a normally open state and is used for controlling the switching of the discharge circuit, and the third triode 155 plays a role in amplifying the discharge current, so as to improve the working stability of the multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit.
It should be noted that, when the battery pack 130 is in charging, the control circuit 110 turns on the third switching tube 1221 and the fourth switching tube 1222 through the port B, so that the batteries in the switching circuit 120 are in parallel, and at the same time, turns on the fifth switching tube 141 through the port E, outputs voltage through the port C and the port D, and charges the battery pack 130 after the current amplification function of the charging circuit, and the port C and the port D can also determine the charging state of the battery pack 130 through the load change of the circuit voltage. When the battery pack 130 is discharged, the control circuit 110 turns on the first switch tube 1211 and the second switch tube 1212 through the port a, and turns off the third switch tube 1221 and the fourth switch tube 1222 at the same time, so that the batteries in the switch circuit 120 are in a series connection state, because the sixth switch tube 151 is in a normally open state for a depletion type MOS tube, at this time, the series battery pack continuously supplies power to the load after passing through a current amplification function in the discharge circuit, the port a can also detect the voltage and current capability of the series battery, and when it is determined that the battery capacity is insufficient when detecting that the output current or the voltage decreases, the control circuit 110 turns off the sixth switch tube 151 through the port F to stop the battery pack from outputting current to the load, thereby detecting the charging and discharging states of the multiple lithium batteries in real time, and improving the charging and discharging safety of the multiple lithium batteries.
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention further provides a multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management system 200, including the above-mentioned multi-lithium battery charging and discharging circuit 100, where the multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management system 200 further includes:
a power module 210 connected to the control circuit for supplying power to the control circuit;
and a display module 220 connected to the control circuit for displaying the charging state or the discharging state of the battery pack.
In this embodiment, the power module 210 is used to provide power for the control circuit, the power module 210 can convert an external ac voltage into a dc voltage, and the display module 220 is a display. The control circuit monitors the voltage or current change of the lithium battery pack in real time for the port A or the port B, the port C or the port D, judges the charge-discharge state of the battery pack, provides data for the display, and facilitates users to process the circuit abnormal conditions in time.
The invention provides a multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit and a system, wherein the series connection or the parallel connection of lithium battery packs is controlled through a plurality of ports of a control circuit, a first port is connected with a battery series connection function switch tube, and a second port is connected with a battery parallel connection function switch tube. When the control circuit opens the battery parallel function switch tube through the port B, the battery pack is in a parallel state, the port E opens the charging management circuit to charge the battery pack, when the control circuit opens the battery series function switch tube through the port A and closes the battery parallel function switch tube, the battery pack supplies power to a load through the discharging circuit, the port A detects the voltage and the current of the battery pack, the load is connected with the discharging management circuit, the problem that the charging and discharging state of a single lithium battery cannot be monitored in real time is solved, the working stability and the reliability of the charging and discharging management of the multiple lithium batteries are improved, and the risk of overcharge and overdischarge is reduced.
In all examples shown and described herein, any particular value should be construed as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation, and thus other examples of example embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The above examples are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A charging and discharging management circuit for a plurality of lithium batteries is characterized by comprising a control circuit, a switching circuit, a battery pack connected in the switching circuit, a charging management circuit and a discharging management circuit, wherein the switching circuit and the charging management circuit are connected with the control circuit, and the switching circuit, the charging management circuit and the discharging management circuit are connected with the battery pack;
the control circuit comprises a control chip with a plurality of ports, and the ports of the control chip are respectively and correspondingly connected with the switch circuit, the charging management circuit and the discharging management circuit;
the switch circuit comprises a battery series connection function switch tube, a battery parallel connection function switch tube, a first port and a second port, the battery series connection function switch tube is connected with the port A of the control circuit through the first port, and the battery parallel connection function switch tube is connected with the port B of the control circuit through the second port;
the charging management circuit is used for controlling the opening and closing of a charging circuit of the battery pack and is connected to a port E of the control circuit, the charging circuit is connected with a port C and a port D of the control circuit, and the discharging management circuit is connected with a port F of the control circuit and is used for controlling the opening and closing of a discharging circuit of the battery pack;
when the control circuit starts the battery parallel function switch tube through the port B, the battery pack is in a parallel state, and the port E starts the charging management circuit to charge the battery pack;
when the control circuit opens the battery series function switch tube and closes the battery parallel function switch tube through the port A, the battery pack supplies power to a load through the discharge circuit, the port A detects the voltage and the current of the battery pack, and the load is connected with the discharge management circuit.
2. The charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein when the control circuit turns on the switch tube with parallel battery function through the port B, the circuit further comprises:
and the port C and the port D judge the charging state of the battery pack through the voltage change of the charging circuit, and when the voltage reaches a first preset threshold value, the discharging management circuit is closed.
3. The charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein when the control circuit turns on the switching tube for serial battery function and turns off the switching tube for parallel battery function through the port a, the circuit further comprises:
when the output current or the output voltage of the discharging circuit is reduced to a second preset threshold value, the charging state of the battery pack is judged to be insufficient, the control circuit turns off the discharging management circuit through the port F, and the battery pack stops supplying power to the load.
4. The charging and discharging management circuit for the multiple lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the battery series connection functional switch tube comprises a first switch tube and a second switch tube, the grid electrode of the first switch tube is in short circuit with the grid electrode of the second switch tube, the battery parallel connection functional switch tube comprises a third switch tube and a fourth switch tube, and the grid electrode of the third switch tube is in short circuit with the grid electrode of the fourth switch tube;
the battery pack comprises a first battery and a second battery, the first battery is connected with the drain electrode of the first switch tube and the drain electrode of the third switch tube, the second battery is connected with the source electrode of the second switch tube and the drain electrode of the fourth switch tube, the source electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second switch tube, the drain electrode of the third switch tube is connected to the second battery, the charging management circuit and the circuit where the discharging management circuit is located, and the source electrode of the fourth switch tube is connected to the first battery, the charging management circuit and the circuit where the discharging management circuit is located.
5. The charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the charging management circuit comprises a fifth switch tube, a diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first triode and a second triode;
the grid of fifth switch tube with port E connects, the drain electrode of fifth switch tube with port D connects, the source electrode of fifth switch tube with the group battery is connected, the negative pole of diode is connected to port D, first resistance, the projecting pole of first triode with the positive pole of diode is connected, the base of first triode with first resistance is connected, the collecting electrode of first triode with the base of second triode, second resistance is connected, the collecting electrode of second triode with first resistance is connected, the transmitter of second triode with port C connects, the second resistance with the group battery is connected.
6. The charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries according to claim 5, wherein the fifth switching tube is an MOS switching tube, the diode is a freewheeling diode, and the first resistor and the second resistor are voltage-stabilizing resistors.
7. The charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the charging and discharging management circuit comprises a sixth switching tube, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a third triode;
the grid of sixth switch tube with port F connects, the source electrode of sixth switch tube with the group battery is connected, the drain electrode of sixth switch tube with the load is connected, the input of third resistance with charge management circuit connects, the collecting electrode of third triode with the output of third resistance is connected, the projecting pole of third triode with the input of fifth resistance is connected, the base of third triode with the input of fourth resistance is connected, the output ground of fifth resistance, the output of fourth resistance with the load is connected.
8. The charging and discharging management circuit for multiple lithium batteries according to claim 7, wherein the sixth switching tube is a depletion type MOS tube, and the third resistor, the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are voltage stabilizing resistors.
9. A multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management system, comprising the multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the multi-lithium battery charging and discharging management system further comprising:
the power supply module is connected with the control circuit and used for supplying power to the control circuit;
and the display module is connected with the control circuit and used for displaying the charging state or the discharging state of the battery pack.
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