CN112884896B - BIM technology-based special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model rapid generation method - Google Patents
BIM technology-based special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model rapid generation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for rapidly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on BIM technology, which comprises the following steps: importing a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into three-dimensional software; inputting a value of a first variable into a three-dimensional BIM model building module in three-dimensional software, and automatically generating a three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp by the three-dimensional BIM model building module; the flow of generating the three-dimensional BIM model by the three-dimensional BIM model building module is as follows: a plurality of sub-points are arranged on a longitudinal gradient control line in a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp at intervals; drawing a radial gradient control line perpendicular to the longitudinal gradient control line by taking each branch point as a reference, and setting the radial gradient of the radial gradient control line as a first variable; and when the value of the first variable is obtained, fitting according to the longitudinal gradient control line and all the radial gradient control lines to generate a three-dimensional BIM model. The method can quickly convert the two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into the three-dimensional model, is favorable for quickly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points, and is convenient for guiding on-site measurement paying-off and later checking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering drawing of special-shaped ramps, in particular to a method for quickly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on a BIM technology.
Background
The drawing of the traditional special-shaped ramp before construction is usually a two-dimensional drawing, but the special-shaped ramp is actually of a three-dimensional structure, and during actual construction, measurement paying-off cannot be accurately carried out only by the two-dimensional drawing, and the later check is not facilitated, especially for the special-shaped ramp with a hyperboloid section and a straight section, the construction difficulty is high, and measurement and check are needed to be carried out by combining a plurality of control points. In order to solve the problems, three-dimensional drawing software is generally required to be used for converting a two-dimensional drawing into a three-dimensional model in combination with actual construction requirements, so that three-dimensional coordinates of control points are obtained, and the purposes of guiding measurement paying-off and later checking are achieved.
However, in the existing mode of converting two-dimensional drawings into three-dimensional models, all the two-dimensional drawings need to be converted, many repeated operations exist, the working time is long, and the working efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for quickly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology, which can quickly convert a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into the three-dimensional model, is favorable for quickly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of control points, and is convenient for guiding on-site measurement paying-off and later verification.
The invention is realized by the following scheme: a method for rapidly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on BIM technology comprises the following steps:
Importing a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into three-dimensional software, wherein the three-dimensional software is provided with a three-dimensional BIM model building module;
Inputting a value of a first variable to the three-dimensional BIM model building module, wherein the three-dimensional BIM model building module automatically generates a three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp;
the flow of the three-dimensional BIM model building module for generating the three-dimensional BIM model is as follows:
a plurality of sub-points are arranged on a longitudinal gradient control line in a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp at intervals;
Drawing a radial gradient control line perpendicular to the longitudinal gradient control line by taking each point as a reference, and setting the radial gradient of the radial gradient control line as the first variable;
And when the value of the first variable is acquired, fitting and generating the three-dimensional BIM according to the longitudinal gradient control line and all the radial gradient control lines.
The method is based on BIM parameterization technology and three-dimensional software to generate the adjustable three-dimensional model, and the quick conversion from the two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp to the three-dimensional model can be realized by adjusting parameter variables without setting up the model again each time, so that unnecessary repeated operation is avoided, and further, the method is beneficial to quickly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points, so as to guide on-site measurement paying-off and later check.
The invention further improves the method for rapidly generating the special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model based on the BIM technology, wherein a plurality of the sub-points are uniformly arranged at intervals.
The invention relates to a rapid generation method of a special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model based on BIM technology, which is further improved in that:
Setting the number of the plurality of the minute points as a second variable when the plurality of the minute points are set;
Inputting the value of the second variable while inputting the value of the first variable to the three-dimensional BIM model building module;
After obtaining the values of the first variable and the second variable, the three-dimensional BIM model is generated.
The invention relates to a rapid generation method of a special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model based on BIM technology, which is further improved in that:
the three-dimensional software is also provided with a three-dimensional coordinate output module;
After the three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp is automatically generated, a plurality of control points are selected on the two-dimensional drawing, two-dimensional coordinate values of the control points are input into the three-dimensional coordinate output module, and the three-dimensional coordinate output module automatically outputs three-dimensional coordinate values of the control points corresponding to the three-dimensional BIM model.
The invention relates to a rapid generation method of a special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model based on BIM technology, which is further improved in that the flow of automatically outputting three-dimensional coordinate values by the three-dimensional coordinate output module is as follows:
numbering a plurality of control points after obtaining two-dimensional coordinate values of the plurality of control points;
projecting a plurality of control points one by one onto the three-dimensional BIM model, and acquiring corresponding three-dimensional coordinates;
Setting an output format of the three-dimensional coordinates, and sequentially outputting the three-dimensional coordinates according to the sequence of the numbers and the output format.
The invention relates to a rapid generation method of a special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model based on BIM technology, which is further improved in that:
When each three-dimensional coordinate value is output, labeling the three-dimensional coordinate value at a position corresponding to the control point on the two-dimensional drawing;
And after all the three-dimensional coordinate values of the control points are completely output, a two-dimensional drawing marked with the three-dimensional coordinate values is derived.
The invention discloses a rapid generation method of a special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model based on BIM technology, which is further improved in that the three-dimensional software is Rhino software provided with Grasshopper plug-ins.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a three-dimensional BIM model building module in the method for generating a three-dimensional BIM model.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic two-dimensional drawing of a profiled ramp in the present method.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a three-dimensional BIM model in the present method.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional drawing labeled with control points and three-dimensional coordinate values in the method.
Detailed Description
The traditional ramp is mostly in a single curved surface, but along with the development of traffic roads, various special-shaped ramps are more and more, the construction difficulty of the special-shaped ramp is high, the requirement for measuring and paying off is high, and the two-dimensional drawing of the traditional ramp cannot meet the construction guidance of the special-shaped ramp. Specifically, the two-dimensional drawings of the traditional ramp are all drawn with the longitudinal gradient control line, and the longitudinal gradient control line is arranged along the length direction of the special-shaped ramp and is used for reflecting the longitudinal gradient of the special-shaped ramp. However, for the hyperboloid special-shaped ramp, the hyperboloid special-shaped ramp has a radial gradient in addition to a longitudinal gradient, and the two-dimensional drawing cannot reflect the longitudinal gradient and the radial gradient at the same time, so that a three-dimensional model needs to be built to meet the construction guidance of the hyperboloid special-shaped ramp.
The traditional method for constructing the three-dimensional model is to draw a two-dimensional drawing with a longitudinal gradient control line aiming at the special-shaped ramp, and convert the two-dimensional drawing into the three-dimensional model by combining the curved surface curvature of the special-shaped ramp. According to the method, three-dimensional models are required to be built for each section of special-shaped ramp, the work is complex, and the work efficiency is low.
The BIM technology is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, processing and manufacturing industries, mapping and the like, and particularly can be used for guiding production by being placed on the ground in the processing and manufacturing of the special-shaped curved surface. Moreover, the parameterized fine modeling is performed based on the BIM technology, material processing data can be derived in batches, bill can be generated rapidly, plane two-dimensional drawings are derived in batches, production can be delivered directly without manual labeling and related data arrangement, and the drawing efficiency is obviously improved compared with that of the traditional mode. Therefore, the invention provides the method for quickly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology, which can quickly convert the two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into the three-dimensional model, is favorable for quickly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points, and is convenient for guiding on-site measurement paying-off and later verification.
The method for rapidly generating the special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model based on the BIM technology is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 shows a flowchart of generating a three-dimensional BIM model by a three-dimensional BIM model building module in the method, fig. 2 shows a two-dimensional drawing schematic diagram of a special-shaped ramp in the method, and fig. 3 shows a three-dimensional BIM model schematic diagram in the method.
A method for rapidly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on BIM technology comprises the following steps:
Step 1, importing a two-dimensional drawing (shown in fig. 2) of a special-shaped ramp into three-dimensional software, wherein the three-dimensional software is provided with a three-dimensional BIM model building module.
Step 2, inputting a value of a first variable to the three-dimensional BIM model building module, wherein the three-dimensional BIM model building module automatically generates a three-dimensional BIM model (as shown in figure 3) of the special-shaped ramp;
the flow of the three-dimensional BIM model building module to generate the three-dimensional BIM model is as follows (as shown in fig. 1):
S1, a plurality of sub-points are arranged on a longitudinal gradient control line 1 in a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp at intervals.
S2, drawing a radial gradient control line 3 perpendicular to the longitudinal gradient control line 1 by taking each division point as a reference, and setting the radial gradient N of the radial gradient control line 3 as the first variable.
Specifically, a vertical extension line is made through each of the points, the control elevation of the special-shaped ramp is determined (as shown in fig. 3, H1-H4 are controlled everywhere), a plurality of space division planes are formed in the control elevation range, the space division planes intersect with the vertical extension lines one by one to form a plurality of intersection points 2, and a radial gradient control line 3 is drawn through each intersection point 2.
And S3, when the value of the first variable is obtained, fitting and generating the three-dimensional BIM model according to the longitudinal gradient control line 1 and all the radial gradient control lines 3.
Specifically, an equipartition curved surface is generated by passing through the radial gradient control line 3, and all the equipartition curved surfaces are fitted according to the longitudinal gradient control line 1 to generate the three-dimensional BIM model.
In the method, the value of the first variable is comprehensively determined by the curvature of the curved surface of the special-shaped ramp and the longitudinal gradient M of the longitudinal control line 1, the radial gradient N is set as the first variable based on the BIM parameterization technology, the quick conversion from two-dimensional drawings of different special-shaped ramps to the three-dimensional model can be realized only by adjusting the parameter variable (namely the first variable), the model is not required to be built again each time, unnecessary repeated operation is avoided, and further, the method is beneficial to quickly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control point so as to guide on-site measurement paying-off and later checking.
As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of the sub-points are uniformly spaced. So that the three-dimensional BIM model is more accurate and smoother. Preferably, a plurality of the dividing points can be set according to the actual design requirement of the special-shaped ramp, as shown in fig. 3, if the special-shaped ramp has a straight section and a curved section, a relatively small number of dividing points can be set on the straight section, for example, only at the control elevations H2 and H3, and a relatively large number of dividing points are set on the curved section, so that the accuracy and the smoothness of the curved section of the three-dimensional BIM model are ensured.
As a preferred embodiment: setting the number of the plurality of the sub-points as a second variable when the plurality of the sub-points are set;
inputting the value of the second variable while inputting the value of the first variable to the three-dimensional BIM model building module;
after the values of the first variable and the second variable are obtained, the three-dimensional BIM model is generated.
Specifically, the three-dimensional BIM model is generated by fitting the longitudinal ramp control line 1 and all the radial gradient control lines 3, and the number of the minute points directly influences the number of the radial gradient control lines 3 so as to influence the effect of the three-dimensional BIM model.
As a preferred embodiment: with reference to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional drawing labeled with control points and three-dimensional coordinates in the method. The three-dimensional software is also provided with a three-dimensional coordinate output module;
After the three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp is automatically generated, a plurality of control points 4 are selected on the two-dimensional drawing, two-dimensional coordinate values of the control points 4 are input into the three-dimensional coordinate output module, and the three-dimensional coordinate output module automatically outputs three-dimensional coordinate values of the control points 4 corresponding to the three-dimensional BIM model.
As a preferred embodiment, the process of automatically outputting three-dimensional coordinate values by the three-dimensional coordinate output module is as follows:
numbering a plurality of control points 4 after acquiring two-dimensional coordinate values of the control points 4;
Projecting a plurality of control points 4 one by one onto the three-dimensional BIM model, and acquiring corresponding three-dimensional coordinates;
setting an output format of the three-dimensional coordinates, and sequentially outputting the three-dimensional coordinates according to the sequence of the numbers and the output format. A three-dimensional coordinate table (as in table 1) is finally formed as follows.
TABLE 1 three-dimensional coordinate form
According to the method, through the cooperation of the three-dimensional coordinate output modules, one-key automatic generation of the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points of the special-shaped ramp can be realized, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the error rate is reduced, and management of management staff is facilitated.
As a preferred embodiment: when each three-dimensional coordinate value is output, the three-dimensional coordinate value is marked at the position corresponding to the control point 4 on the two-dimensional drawing;
After all the three-dimensional coordinate values of all the control points are output, a two-dimensional drawing marked with the three-dimensional coordinate values is derived (as shown in fig. 4).
The two-dimensional drawing marked with the three-dimensional coordinates is further led out, and the three-dimensional coordinate table is formed in a matched mode, so that guidance on measurement paying-off, later check and the like in the construction of the special-shaped ramp is achieved. By using the method, the management level of management personnel can be improved, the construction quality is improved, the error rate is reduced, and the method has obvious popularization and application values.
As a preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional software is preferably Rhino software provided with Grasshopper plug-ins. The three-dimensional BIM model building module is powerful in function and convenient to use, and can simultaneously realize the establishment of the three-dimensional BIM model building module and the three-dimensional coordinate output module and meet the corresponding functions.
In this embodiment, the three-dimensional BIM model building module and the three-dimensional coordinate output module are both formed by connecting a plurality of battery packs of Grasshopper, and the three-dimensional BIM model building and the three-dimensional coordinate output of the control point are realized through different functional combinations of different battery packs.
Specifically, the three-dimensional BIM model building module at least comprises: the device comprises an XY Plane battery pack, a Move battery pack and the like which are used for forming a plurality of space equally divided planes in a certain control elevation range, a Dihide Curve battery pack, a Line SDL battery pack, a Curve/Plane (PCX) battery pack and the like which are used for intersecting the space equally divided planes with a dividing point extension Line on a longitudinal gradient control Line 1 and forming an intersection point 2, a Hframe battery pack which is used for generating a Plane through dividing points, a Plagin battery pack which is used for rotating the Plane to another position, a Rule Srf battery pack which is used for generating an equally divided curved surface and a Loft battery pack which is used for fitting and generating a three-dimensional model, wherein the XY Plane battery pack and the Move battery pack are used for combining the space equally divided planes;
The three-dimensional coordinate output module at least comprises: list battery for numbering control points; formant batteries for setting the output format of the three-dimensional coordinates; and the TAG battery is used for correspondingly placing the three-dimensional coordinate points at the control points and labeling the three-dimensional coordinates.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments of the drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the invention based on the above description. Accordingly, certain details of the illustrated embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for rapidly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on BIM technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Importing a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into three-dimensional software, wherein the three-dimensional software is provided with a three-dimensional BIM model building module;
Inputting a value of a first variable to the three-dimensional BIM model building module, wherein the three-dimensional BIM model building module automatically generates a three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp;
the flow of the three-dimensional BIM model building module for generating the three-dimensional BIM model is as follows:
a plurality of sub-points are arranged on a longitudinal gradient control line in a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp at intervals;
Drawing a radial gradient control line perpendicular to the longitudinal gradient control line by taking each point as a reference, and setting the radial gradient of the radial gradient control line as the first variable; the method for drawing the radial gradient control line comprises the following steps: making a vertical extension line through each point, determining the control elevation of the special-shaped ramp, forming a plurality of space sub-planes in the control elevation range, intersecting the space sub-planes with the vertical extension lines one by one to form a plurality of intersecting points, and drawing the radial gradient control line through each intersecting point;
When the value of the first variable is obtained, fitting and generating the three-dimensional BIM according to the longitudinal gradient control line and all the radial gradient control lines; and generating equipartition curved surfaces through the radial gradient control lines, and fitting all the equipartition curved surfaces according to the longitudinal gradient control lines to generate the three-dimensional BIM model.
2. The rapid generation method of the profiled ramp three-dimensional model based on the BIM technology as set forth in claim 1, wherein a plurality of the points are uniformly spaced.
3. The rapid generation method of the profiled ramp three-dimensional model based on the BIM technology as set forth in claim 2, wherein:
Setting the number of the plurality of the minute points as a second variable when the plurality of the minute points are set;
Inputting the value of the second variable while inputting the value of the first variable to the three-dimensional BIM model building module;
After obtaining the values of the first variable and the second variable, the three-dimensional BIM model is generated.
4. The rapid generation method of the profiled ramp three-dimensional model based on the BIM technology as set forth in claim 1, wherein the rapid generation method is characterized in that:
the three-dimensional software is also provided with a three-dimensional coordinate output module;
After the three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp is automatically generated, a plurality of control points are selected on the two-dimensional drawing, two-dimensional coordinate values of the control points are input into the three-dimensional coordinate output module, and the three-dimensional coordinate output module automatically outputs three-dimensional coordinate values of the control points corresponding to the three-dimensional BIM model.
5. The method for rapidly generating the three-dimensional model of the profiled ramp based on the BIM technology as set forth in claim 4, wherein the flow of automatically outputting the three-dimensional coordinate values by the three-dimensional coordinate output module is as follows:
numbering a plurality of control points after obtaining two-dimensional coordinate values of the plurality of control points;
projecting a plurality of control points one by one onto the three-dimensional BIM model, and acquiring corresponding three-dimensional coordinates;
Setting an output format of the three-dimensional coordinates, and sequentially outputting the three-dimensional coordinates according to the sequence of the numbers and the output format.
6. The method for quickly generating the profiled ramp three-dimensional model based on the BIM technology as set forth in claim 4, which is characterized in that:
When each three-dimensional coordinate value is output, labeling the three-dimensional coordinate value at a position corresponding to the control point on the two-dimensional drawing;
And after all the three-dimensional coordinate values of the control points are completely output, a two-dimensional drawing marked with the three-dimensional coordinate values is derived.
7. The rapid generation method of the profiled ramp three-dimensional model based on the BIM technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional software is Rhino software provided with Grasshopper plug-ins.
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