CN112881272B - Deep sea environment corrosion test device - Google Patents
Deep sea environment corrosion test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112881272B CN112881272B CN202110177602.4A CN202110177602A CN112881272B CN 112881272 B CN112881272 B CN 112881272B CN 202110177602 A CN202110177602 A CN 202110177602A CN 112881272 B CN112881272 B CN 112881272B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of material testing equipment, and particularly relates to a deep sea environment corrosion testing device, which integrates a sample frame, a floating body, a releasing body and an anchoring weight, greatly shortens the overall length, simplifies the assembly and disassembly, is convenient for laying and recovering a deep sea test, and saves the offshore operation time; the assembled main body structure is of a tumbler type structure with a light upper part and a heavy lower part, so that the stability of the posture is kept when the test sample is submerged in water and after the test sample is seated, and the test result is prevented from being influenced because the test sample frame is buried by sea mud due to dumping; the sample frame, the floating body and the releasing body are arranged above the anchoring weight, so that the problem that the sample frame cannot be released and recycled due to bottom suction caused by direct bottom sitting is solved; the sample frame with an insertable structure is adopted to realize the flexibility of the specification and the number of samples, and the fixing cap arranged in a matching way is convenient to install and fix; the sample frame is surrounded by the floating body, and the damage of the sample and the sample frame due to unpredictable external impact in the test process is avoided.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of material testing equipment, and particularly relates to a deep sea environment corrosion testing device which can be used for carrying out corrosion tests on materials in a deep sea environment.
Background art:
the ocean accounts for about 71.8% of the earth's surface area, and contains extremely abundant submarine resources including oil, natural gas, various minerals, and the like. The development and utilization of submarine resources play an important role in the development of marine economy. Therefore, the exploration and research of deep sea hydrology, geology and ecology have important practical significance for human to utilize deep sea space. However, the deep sea environment is complex and harsh, and the corrosive effect on the material is completely different from that of the surface seawater, which makes the corrosion more concealed, so that sudden structural failure and functional loss of deep sea engineering equipment or facilities are induced. Therefore, in order to accumulate corrosion data of the material in an actual use environment, grasp deep sea corrosion behaviors and laws of the material, provide a basis and basis for design, material selection and protection of deep sea engineering equipment or facilities and development of new materials, corrosion test research of a deep sea natural environment is required. The design and construction of the test device capable of carrying out deep sea environment corrosion test are the primary tasks, and the device needs to meet the following requirements: carrying a material corrosion sample; the sample can be recovered after the test is finished; the reliability is high; the deep sea of hundreds to kilometers operates independently and stably. The existing deep sea corrosion test device mainly comprises the following components: (1) The bottom-sitting type test device is used for sitting and sinking the sample frame on the seabed of a test sea area, and when the sample frame is laid, the sample frame is laid to the seabed by a crane after reaching a preset deep sea test field; during recovery, the anchoring objects on the seabed are disconnected through the sound release device, and the buoy takes the connecting rope out of the sea surface and then lifts the sample frame by using a winch of the test ship. The advantages are that: the sample loading amount of the sample frame is large, the influence of ocean current is small, and the arrangement depth is accurate; the disadvantages are that: the requirement on a test field is high, the sample frame is easy to absorb the bottom, the distribution and recovery operations are complex, and the cost is high. (2) And a series-hung test device which is used for mounting the sample frame on the hydrological buoy to carry out a material corrosion test. The advantages are that: environmental tests of different seawater depths can be simultaneously carried out at one test point; the requirement on a test site is not high; the disadvantages are that: the length is long, the device is easy to be influenced by ocean current to shift, and the swing amplitude can reach 20 degrees; the types and the quantity of the thrown materials are limited, and generally, only a few samples or dozens of samples can be thrown at each depth, and the size of the samples is small. (3) The near-bottom suspension type test device suspends a sample frame with a larger size at a position 20-30 m away from the sea bottom by utilizing self reserve buoyancy, so that the bottom suction phenomenon generated by bottom sitting is avoided; the safety, the reliability and the sea area adaptability are improved by adopting a redundant design and a corrosion-resistant material; the sample frame adopts a modular design, and samples with the same test purpose are arranged in small sample frames with the same size and then arranged on the sample frame, so that the mounting, the dismounting and the transportation are convenient, and the offshore operation efficiency is improved; the device has the characteristics of large sample carrying capacity, simple structure and the like; the arrangement method between the anchor-first-label-second method and the anchor-first-label-second method is adopted, so that winding, collision and smooth launching are avoided, and the arrangement depth of the sample is accurate; based on the mode, the large sample frame is replaced by a plurality of small sample frames, and the small sample frames are arranged at different depth positions by adjusting the length of each connecting rope, so that multi-depth deep sea environment tests can be simultaneously carried out. The test device is a mature deep sea corrosion test device at present. The main problems are that the length is long, the time of retraction operation is long, the influence of ocean current is large, and certain requirements are met for the test sea area environment. Based on this, in order to overcome the problems that the bottom suction type test device is bottom-suction, the loading specification of the serial-hanging type test device is single, the quantity is small, the lengths of the near-bottom suspension type test device and the serial type test device are long, and the field test operation is complex, the deep sea environment corrosion test device needs to be researched and developed.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and seeks to design a deep sea environment corrosion test device, wherein a sample frame, a floating body, a releasing body and an anchoring weight are assembled into a whole, so that the problems in the prior art are fundamentally solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the main structure of the deep sea environment corrosion test device comprises a sample frame, a floating body, a releasing body and an anchoring weight; the outer side of the sample frame is sleeved with a floating body, the bottom of the sample frame and the bottom of the floating body are provided with releasing bodies, anchoring weights are arranged at the bottom of the releasing bodies, and the sample frame, the floating body, the releasing bodies and the anchoring weights are assembled into a whole to form a tumbler structure with a light top and a heavy bottom.
The invention relates to a main structure of a sample frame, which comprises a bottom supporting plate, a central column, a recovery hanging ring, side columns, fixing caps, clamping plates, fixing groove plates, a sample mounting frame and a fixing plate, wherein the bottom supporting plate is fixedly connected with the central column; the center of bottom plate board is provided with the center post, and the top of center post is provided with retrieves rings, and the periphery of center post is provided with a plurality of side post, and the top and the locking cap of side post are connected, and the outside of side post is provided with the cardboard, and fixed frid has all been seted up to the outside of center post and the inboard of side post, is provided with the sample mounting bracket in the two double-phase right fixed frid of center post and side post, and the sample mounting bracket is provided with the fixed plate.
The invention relates to a floating body which is composed of a plurality of floating body round tables with different bottom surface diameters and arc-shaped side surfaces, wherein a mounting hole is formed in the center of each floating body round table, a clamping groove is formed in the inner wall of each floating body round table, and a floating body hanging ring is arranged on the outer wall of each floating body round table.
The invention relates to a main body structure of a release body, which comprises a release body round table, a release body groove, a boss, a release body hanging ring and a release mechanism; the top of the releaser round platform is provided with a releaser groove, the bottom of the releaser round platform is provided with a boss, the outer wall of the releaser round platform is provided with a releaser hanging ring, and the inside of the releaser round platform is provided with a release mechanism.
The main structure of the release mechanism comprises two sets of synchronous transducers, a release hook, a limiter, a coupler, a driving motor, a power supply and a main controller; the transducer and the release hook extend to the outer wall of the round platform of the release body, the sealing rings are arranged between the transducer and the release hook and between the round platform of the release body, the inner end of the release hook is sequentially sleeved with a limiter, a coupler and a driving motor from outside to inside, and the power supply is connected with the transducer, the driving motor and the master controller respectively.
The top of the anchoring heavy object related by the invention is provided with an anchoring heavy object groove, and the outer wall of the anchoring heavy object is provided with a distribution hanging ring.
The sample frame and the floating body are connected with the clamping groove through the clamping plate; the sample frame sleeved with the floating body and the releasing body are connected with the releasing body groove through the bottom supporting plate; the releasing body and the anchoring weight are connected with the anchoring weight groove through the boss.
The invention relates to a device for connecting and locking a plurality of floating body hanging rings, a plurality of releasing body hanging rings and a plurality of cloth hanging rings, wherein the floating body hanging rings, the releasing body hanging rings and the releasing body hanging rings are connected and locked through connecting pieces, and the connecting pieces comprise ropes and turnbuckles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention integrates the sample frame, the floating body, the releasing body and the anchoring weight, greatly shortens the overall length, simplifies the assembly and disassembly, is convenient for the laying and recovery of the deep sea test and saves the offshore operation time; the main structure is in a tumbler type structure with a top light and a bottom heavy after being assembled, so that the stability of the posture is kept when the test sample is submerged in water and after the test sample sits on the bottom, and the test result is prevented from being influenced because the test sample frame is buried by sea mud due to toppling; the sample frame, the floating body and the releasing body are arranged above the anchoring weight, so that the problem that the sample frame cannot be released and recycled due to bottom suction caused by direct bottom sitting is solved; the sample frame with an insertable structure is adopted to realize the flexibility of the specification and the number of samples, and the fixing cap arranged in a matching way is convenient to install and fix; the sample frame is surrounded by the floating body, and the damage of the sample and the sample frame due to unpredictable external impact in the test process is avoided.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the principle of the main structure of a sample frame according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the float, release body and anchoring weight according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the main structure of the dispenser according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a state before release of the release hook according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a state after the release hook according to the present invention is released.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below by way of an embodiment example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the main structure of the deep sea environment corrosion test device related to the embodiment comprises a sample frame 1, a floating body 2, a releasing body 3 and an anchoring weight 4; the outer side of the sample frame 1 is sleeved with a floating body 2, the bottoms of the sample frame 1 and the floating body 2 are provided with a releasing body 3, and the bottom of the releasing body 3 is provided with an anchoring weight 4; the sample frame 1 is a cylindrical frame structure, and the main structure comprises a bottom supporting plate 11, a central column 12, a recovery hanging ring 13, a side column 14, a fixing cap 15, a clamping plate 16, a fixing groove plate 17, a sample mounting rack 18 and a fixing plate 19; a central column 12 of a cylindrical structure is arranged at the center of a bottom supporting plate 11 of a circular structure, a recovery hanging ring 13 of a circular ring structure is arranged at the top end of the central column 12, side columns 14 of 6 cylindrical structures are arranged on the periphery of the central column 12 at equal intervals, the top ends of the side columns 14 are in bolted connection with fixing caps 15 of rotatable cylindrical structures, clamping plates 16 of rectangular plate structures are arranged on the outer sides of the side columns 14, the clamping plates 16 are connected into an integrated circular frame structure, fixing groove plates 17 of U-shaped structures are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the central column 12 and the inner sides of the side columns 14, sample mounting frames 18 of rectangular frame structures are arranged in the fixing groove plates 17 opposite to each other in pairs of the central column 12 and the side columns 14, and fixing plates 19 provided with through holes are symmetrically arranged at equal intervals on the sample mounting frames 18; the floating body 2 consists of 3 floating body round tables 21 with different diameters on the bottom surfaces and arc-shaped structures on the side surfaces, a mounting hole 22 matched with the sample frame 1 is formed in the center of each floating body round table 21, clamping grooves 23 matched with the clamping plates 16 are formed in the inner walls of the floating body round tables 21 at equal intervals, and floating body hanging rings 24 are arranged on the outer walls of the floating body round tables 21; the main structure of the releaser 3 comprises a releaser round table 31, a releaser groove 32, a boss 33, a releaser hanging ring 34 and a release mechanism 35; the top of the releaser round platform 31 with the arc-shaped side surface is provided with a releaser groove 32 matched with the bottom supporting plate 11, the bottom of the releaser round platform 31 is provided with a boss 33, the outer wall of the releaser round platform 31 is provided with a releaser hanging ring 34, the inside of the releaser round platform 31 is provided with a release mechanism 35, and the main structure of the release mechanism 35 comprises two sets of synchronous transducers 351, a release hook 352, a limiter 354, a coupler 355, a driving motor 356, a power supply 357 and a main controller 358; the transducer 351 and the release hook 352 extend to the outer wall of the release body circular truncated cone 31, sealing rings 353 are arranged between the transducer 351 and the release hook 352 and the release body circular truncated cone 31, a limiter 354, a coupler 355 and a driving motor 356 are sequentially sleeved at the inner end of the release hook 352 from outside to inside, and a power supply 357 is respectively connected with the transducer 351, the driving motor 356 and a main controller 358; the anchoring heavy object 4 is made of reinforced concrete, an anchoring heavy object groove 41 is formed in the top of the anchoring heavy object 4, and a distribution hanging ring 42 is arranged on the outer wall of the anchoring heavy object 4; the sample frame 1 and the floating body 2 are connected with a clamping groove 23 through a clamping plate 16; the sample frame 1 sleeved with the floating body 2 and the releasing body 3 are connected with the releasing body groove 32 through the bottom supporting plate 11; the release body 3 and the anchoring weight 4 are connected with the anchoring weight groove 41 through the boss 33; the adjacent floating body hanging rings 24, the floating body hanging rings 24 and the releasing body hanging rings 34 and the cloth hanging rings 42 are connected and locked through connecting pieces 100, and the connecting pieces 100 comprise ropes and turnbuckles.
The floating body 2 in this embodiment is made of a composite foam dispersed with hollow glass microspheres, and provides positive buoyancy for the sample frame 1 and the releasing body 3; the anchoring weight 4 provides negative buoyancy for the sample frame 1, the floating body 2 and the releasing body 3; the bottom supporting plate 11 is used for placing and bearing the floating body 2; the fixing cap 15 is provided with a notch with the same size as the fixing groove plate 17, and the communication between the notch of the fixing cap 15 and the fixing groove plate 17 is changed by rotating the fixing cap 7, so that the insertion and the fixation of the sample mounting rack 18 are realized; the through hole of the fixing plate 19 facilitates the fixing of samples 200 of various sizes on the sample mounting rack 18 by means of ropes or straps; the gaps in the round platform 31 of the release body are filled with foamed polypropylene elastic materials, so that the release mechanism 35 can be protected, and the sample frame 1 can be cushioned when the bottom contact is arranged; the releaser recess 32 defines the position of the sample frame 1 by the backing plate 11; the anchoring weight recess 41 defines the position of the release body 3 by means of the boss 33; transducer 351 is used to receive acoustic signals on the water surface; the stopper 354 limits the rotation angle of the release hook 352 to within 180 °; the driving motor 356 drives the release hook 352 to rotate through the coupling 355, so that the connecting piece 100 tensioned on the release hook 352 is loosened and unhooked to realize release; the power supply 357 powers the release mechanism 35; the master controller 358 converts the acoustic signal into an electrical signal.
Before the deep sea environment corrosion test device related to the embodiment performs the deployment operation:
inserting the sample mounting rack 18 fixed with the sample 200 into the notch of the fixed groove plate 17 through the notch of the fixed cap 15, rotating the fixed cap 15 to make the notch of the fixed cap 15 deviate from the notch of the fixed groove plate 17, and fixing the sample mounting rack 18;
the outer side of the sample frame 1 is sleeved with a floating body 2, and the sample frame 1 and the floating body 2 are connected and locked by a connecting piece 100;
the assembled sample frame 1 and the floating body 2 are placed on the releasing body groove 32, and the floating body 2 and the releasing body 3 are connected and locked by the connecting piece 100:
adjusting the release mechanism 35 to bring the hook body of the release hook 352 to the upward initial position;
the combined body of the sample frame 1, the floating body 2 and the release body 3 is placed on the anchoring weight groove 41, the release body 3 and the anchoring weight 4 are connected and tensioned by the connecting piece 100, the connecting piece 100 penetrates through the cloth hanging ring 42, the head end of the connecting piece is connected to the release body hanging ring 34, the tail end of the connecting piece is connected to the release hook 352 in a staggered mode, the right side connecting piece 100 is connected with the left side hook body of the release hook 352, the left side connecting piece 100 is connected with the right side hook body of the release hook 352, the right side connecting piece 100 is arranged in the left side connecting piece 100, and the release is prevented from being influenced by the fact that the release hook 352 is hung on the connecting piece 100 when rotating anticlockwise.
When the deep sea environment corrosion test device related to the embodiment executes the deployment operation:
the crane on the working ship lifts the test device to the water surface through the distribution lifting ring 42 and puts the test device, and the gravity center of the test device is positioned at the center of the anchoring heavy object 4, so that the test device is automatically adjusted to be in an upright posture in the submerging process;
after the test device sits on the bottom, the main structure based on the tumbler type can keep the posture stable, and the sample frame 1 is prevented from being buried by sea mud due to the falling of the test device.
When the deep sea environment corrosion test device related to the embodiment executes the recovery operation:
after the operation ship transmits a release instruction, the two sets of release mechanisms 35 synchronously respond, the transducer 351 receives an acoustic signal and is converted into an electric signal by the main controller 358, the driving motor 356 drives the release hook 352 to rotate 180 degrees anticlockwise through the coupler 355 and the limiter 354, so that the hook body faces downwards, the connecting piece 100 tensioned on the release hook 352 is loosened and unhooked under the pulling of the self gravity of the connecting piece 100 and the buoyancy of the floating body 2, the two release hooks 352 synchronously act and are separated from the distribution lifting ring 42, and the release is realized;
under the positive buoyancy action of the floating body 2, the combined body of the sample frame 1, the floating body 2 and the releasing body 3 floats to the water surface;
the crane on the working ship lifts the test device through the recovery hanging ring 13 to complete recovery.
Claims (4)
1. A deep sea environment corrosion test device comprises a main body structure, a test sample frame, a floating body, a releasing body and an anchoring heavy object, wherein the main body structure comprises a test sample frame, a floating body, a releasing body and an anchoring heavy object; the test sample comprises a sample frame, a sample frame and a fixing groove plate, wherein the outer side of the sample frame is sleeved with a floating body, the bottom of the sample frame and the bottom of the floating body are provided with a releasing body, and the bottom of the releasing body is provided with an anchoring heavy object; the floating body consists of a plurality of floating body round tables with different diameters on the bottom surfaces and arc-shaped structures on the side surfaces; the main structure of the release body comprises a release body round table, a release body groove, a boss, a release body hanging ring and a release mechanism; the top of the anchoring heavy object is provided with an anchoring heavy object groove, and the outer wall of the anchoring heavy object is provided with a distribution hanging ring; a central column is arranged in the center of the bottom supporting plate, a recovery lifting ring is arranged at the top end of the central column, a plurality of side columns are arranged on the periphery of the central column, the top ends of the side columns are connected with a fixing cap, clamping plates are arranged on the outer sides of the side columns, fixing groove plates are arranged on the outer sides of the central column and the inner sides of the side columns, sample mounting frames are arranged in the fixing groove plates, which are opposite to each other in pairs, of the central column and the side columns, and fixing plates are arranged on the sample mounting frames; the center of the floating body round platform is provided with a mounting hole, the inner wall of the floating body round platform is provided with a clamping groove, and the outer wall of the floating body round platform is provided with a floating body hanging ring; the top of the round platform of the releaser is provided with a groove of the releaser, the bottom of the round platform of the releaser is provided with a boss, the outer wall of the round platform of the releaser is provided with a hanging ring of the releaser, and the inside of the round platform of the releaser is provided with a release mechanism; the main structure of the release mechanism comprises two sets of synchronous transducers, a release hook, a limiter, a coupler, a driving motor, a power supply and a main controller; the energy converter and the release hook extend to the outer wall of the round releaser platform, sealing rings are arranged between the energy converter and the round releaser platform as well as between the release hook and the round releaser platform, a limiter, a coupler and a driving motor are sequentially sleeved at the inner end of the release hook from outside to inside, and a power supply is respectively connected with the energy converter, the driving motor and the main controller; the sample frame and the floating body are connected with the clamping groove through the clamping plate; the sample frame sleeved with the floating body and the releasing body are connected with the releasing body groove through the bottom supporting plate; the release body and the anchoring weight are connected with the anchoring weight groove through the boss; the adjacent floating body hanging rings, the floating body hanging rings and the releasing body hanging rings and the cloth hanging rings are connected and locked through connecting pieces, and the connecting pieces comprise ropes and turnbuckles.
2. The deep sea environment corrosion test device according to claim 1, wherein the floating body is made of a composite foam dispersed with hollow glass microspheres to provide positive buoyancy for the sample frame and the releasing body; the anchoring weight provides negative buoyancy for the sample frame, the floating body and the releasing body; the bottom supporting plate is used for placing and bearing the floating body; the fixing cap is provided with a notch with the same size as the fixing groove plate, and the communication between the notch of the fixing cap and the fixing groove plate is changed by rotating the fixing cap, so that the insertion and the fixation of the sample mounting rack are realized; the through holes of the fixing plates facilitate fixing samples of various sizes on the sample mounting rack in a rope or ribbon mode; the gaps in the circular truncated cone of the release body are filled with foamed polypropylene elastic materials, so that the release mechanism can be protected, and the sample frame can be cushioned when the bottom contact is arranged; the position of the sample frame is limited by the bottom supporting plate through the releasing body groove; the anchoring weight recess defines the position of the release body by the boss.
3. The deep sea environment corrosion test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transducer is used for receiving acoustic signals on the water surface; the limiting stopper limits the rotation angle of the release hook within 180 degrees; the driving motor drives the release hook to rotate through the coupler, so that the connecting piece tensioned on the release hook is loosened and unhooked to realize release; the power supply supplies power to the release mechanism; the master controller converts the acoustic signal into an electrical signal.
4. The deep sea environment corrosion test apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein before carrying out deployment operation: inserting the sample mounting rack fixed with the sample into the notch of the fixed groove plate through the notch of the fixed cap, rotating the fixed cap to enable the notch of the fixed cap to deviate from the notch of the fixed groove plate, and fixing the sample mounting rack; sleeving a floating body on the outer side of the sample frame, and connecting and locking the sample frame and the floating body by using a connecting piece; placing the assembled sample frame and the floating body on the groove of the release body, and connecting and locking the floating body and the release body by using a connecting piece: adjusting the release mechanism to enable the hook body of the release hook to be in an upward initial position; placing a combination of a sample frame, a floating body and a releasing body on a groove of an anchoring heavy object, connecting and tensioning the releasing body and the anchoring heavy object by using a connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece penetrates through a cloth hanging ring, the head end of the connecting piece is connected to a hanging ring of the releasing body, the tail end of the connecting piece is connected to a releasing hook in a staggered manner, a right side connecting piece is connected with a left side hook body of the releasing hook, the left side connecting piece is connected with a right side hook body of the releasing hook, the right side connecting piece is arranged in the middle, the left side connecting piece is arranged outside, and the releasing hook is prevented from being hung on the connecting piece when rotating anticlockwise to influence the releasing;
when the laying operation is executed: the crane on the working ship lifts the test device to the water surface through the arrangement of the hoisting rings and puts the test device in the water surface, and the center of gravity of the test device is positioned at the center of the anchored weight, so that the test device is automatically adjusted to be in a vertical posture in the submerging process; after the test device sits on the bottom, the posture of the test device is kept stable based on the tumbler-type main body structure, and the test sample frame is prevented from being buried by sea mud due to the fact that the test device topples;
when the recovery operation is executed: after the operation ship transmits a release instruction, the two sets of release mechanisms respond synchronously, the transducer receives an acoustic signal and converts the acoustic signal into an electric signal by the main controller, the driving motor drives the release hooks to rotate 180 degrees anticlockwise through the coupler and the limiting stopper, so that the hook bodies face downwards, the connecting piece tensioned on the release hooks is loosened and unhooked under the pulling of the self gravity of the connecting piece and the buoyancy of the floating body, the two release hooks act synchronously and are separated from the distribution lifting ring, and the release is realized; under the positive buoyancy action of the floating body, the combined body of the sample frame, the floating body and the releasing body floats to the water surface; and the crane on the operating ship lifts the test device through the recovery lifting ring to complete recovery.
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