CN112878373B - Pre-tension submarine vacuum pipeline structure and stretching method thereof - Google Patents
Pre-tension submarine vacuum pipeline structure and stretching method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pre-tension submarine vacuum pipeline structure and a stretching method thereof, which can improve the rigidity of a submarine vacuum pipeline, minimize the sagging of the middle part of a suspended span pipeline and ensure the stable and safe driving of a vehicle, wherein the structure comprises the submarine vacuum pipeline and a plurality of abutments, the submarine vacuum pipeline is fixedly supported on the tops of the abutments, the abutments have elastic strength, the submarine vacuum pipeline comprises a plurality of vacuum pipeline sections which are sequentially arranged, the vacuum pipeline sections have tensile strength, flanges are arranged at the opposite ends of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections, gaps are arranged between the flanges of the two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections at intervals, and the flanges of the two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections are connected through a tensioning mechanism; the stretching method comprises the steps of carrying out local grouping on a plurality of vacuum pipeline sections, then stretching by adopting a sequencing stretching method, and stretching each vacuum pipeline section step by adopting a step-by-step stretching method, wherein gaps between flanges of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections are stretched and closed step by step.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of submarine vacuum pipeline traffic and ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a pre-tensioning submarine vacuum pipeline structure and a stretching method thereof.
Background
High speed railways and maglev trains are restricted by air resistance, pneumatic noise, pneumatic vibration and the like, and the speed is difficult to further increase. Besides being affected by air resistance, airplanes and automobiles have high energy consumption and large carbon emission, and the future development is limited. The vacuum pipeline high-speed magnetic levitation transportation overcomes the defects, can achieve ultrahigh speed, has low energy consumption and small environmental influence, and is expected to create a new situation of human transportation.
The vacuum pipeline traffic consists of pipeline, vehicle, power supply, communication, drive and control, vacuum pump set, monitoring system and other parts.
The vacuum pipeline transportation can be built and operated on land and is also suitable for being built on the seabed. The submarine environment has special superiority to the vacuum pipeline, and the seawater can provide a constant temperature environment for the vacuum pipeline cooling, and can also provide uniform buoyancy for the pipeline, offset the action of gravity of the pipeline, reduce the structural strength requirement, and reduce the engineering cost. Therefore, the submarine vacuum pipeline becomes a novel transportation mode crossing the sea and the ocean.
The seabed vacuum pipeline is basically formed by building a fixed abutment on a seabed, erecting a vacuum pipeline section on the abutment according to the required precision by an underwater construction method, and fixedly connecting all pipelines by an underwater sealing connection method.
There are two methods for laying the vacuum pipeline on the sea floor according to whether seawater is allowed to enter the pipeline. One is a construction method without water injection, in which when a pipe section is submerged, both ends are closed and seawater cannot enter the pipe section; the other method is a water injection construction method, wherein two ends of the pipe section are not closed, and seawater can enter the pipe section.
The non-water injection construction method has the advantage that after the whole line of the seabed vacuum pipeline is laid, the vacuum pipeline does not need to be specially drained. The method has the disadvantages that a special seal head needs to be designed and manufactured, the structural complexity is increased, the seal head needs to be detached from the interior of the pipeline after the construction is finished, and the construction link and the engineering cost are increased. In addition, in order to immerse the pipe section under water, a counterweight needs to be added inside the pipe section, and the counterweight is removed after construction is finished, so that the engineering cost is further increased.
The water injection construction method has the advantages that when the pipe section is submerged, seawater enters the pipe section, no end enclosure needs to be added, and the structure is simple; and the additional arrangement of the counter weight is not needed, the operation process is light in weight, the construction is convenient, the link of removing the counter weight after the pipeline is laid is avoided, and the construction cost is saved. The disadvantage is that the seawater inside the pipeline is discharged after the pipeline is laid.
No matter which construction method is adopted, the installation of the submarine pipeline section faces the problem of accurate splicing. The main problem is the embedding and butting of a section of pipe sandwiched between two pipe sections. If the pipe section has negative deviation, namely the length of the pipe section is slightly smaller than the design size, a gap is remained after butt joint; if the pipe sections are positively biased, i.e. the length of the pipe sections is slightly greater than the design size, the problem of the pipe sections not being able to be inserted is faced.
The submarine vacuum pipeline is not implemented, the construction mode and process of the submarine pipeline are not implemented, and a relatively similar engineering case which can be referred to is a submarine immersed tube tunnel. In order to avoid the difficulty in splicing, the submarine immersed tube tunnels are sequentially paved by extending from two ends, and the immersed tubes at the last section, which are connected with the two ends, are designed into a wedge shape so as to be smoothly arranged between the immersed tubes at the two ends.
Although the submarine vacuum pipeline can also adopt a laying method of splicing and extending from two ends in sequence, the pipeline is generally very long, namely hundreds of kilometers in short and thousands of kilometers in long. The construction period is prolonged by sequentially splicing the two ends, so that the construction period is not adjustable and controllable. In the traditional long and large tunnel construction, one or more vertical shafts or inclined shafts are usually dug in the middle to accelerate the project progress, and the tunneling surface is increased.
In order to speed up the laying of the subsea vacuum conduits, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of construction points along the line for simultaneous laying. In order to ensure smooth connection of the pipe sections, it is preferable that the pipe sections are all manufactured into negative deviation pipes, i.e. slightly smaller than the designed length.
On the other hand, the span between the seabed vacuum pipeline abutments is large, the middle part of the suspended span pipeline can be bent and sagged, when a vacuum pipeline vehicle passes through, the sagging amplitude can be increased, and the stability and the safety of driving are influenced. How to improve the rigidity of the pipeline and minimize the sagging of the middle part of the suspended span pipeline needs to be solved by creative design.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a pretension submarine vacuum pipeline structure and a pretension method thereof, which can improve the rigidity of a submarine vacuum pipeline, minimize the sagging of the middle part of a suspended span pipeline and ensure the stable and safe driving.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pre-tensioned subsea vacuum pipeline structure, which includes a subsea vacuum pipeline and a plurality of abutments, wherein the bottoms of the abutments are fixedly disposed at an installation location, the subsea vacuum pipeline is fixedly supported on the tops of the abutments, the abutments have elastic strength, the subsea vacuum pipeline includes a plurality of vacuum pipeline segments disposed in sequence, the vacuum pipeline segments have tensile strength, flanges are disposed at opposite ends of two adjacent vacuum pipeline segments, a gap is disposed between the flanges of two adjacent vacuum pipeline segments at an interval, and the flanges of two adjacent vacuum pipeline segments are connected by a tensioning mechanism.
Furthermore, each vacuum pipeline section is correspondingly provided with one abutment, and the middle part of each vacuum pipeline section is fixedly supported on the abutments.
Furthermore, one pier is correspondingly arranged in the vacuum pipeline sections at intervals of a set number, and the middle part of each vacuum pipeline section is fixedly supported on the pier.
Furthermore, a pipe hoop is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the vacuum pipeline section, and the pipe hoop is fixed to the abutment.
Furthermore, the tensioning mechanism comprises a plurality of pull rods, the pull rods are connected between the flanges of the two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections in an inserted manner along the circumferential direction, and nuts are screwed at two axial ends of each pull rod.
Further, the pull rod is sleeved with a washer, and the washer is located between the nut and the flange.
Further, the initial value of the gap is S0F (σ), σ is the tensile stress, and f (σ) is the tensile stress function.
Further, the abutment is a cylindrical, rectangular or trapezoidal pipe pile or pile foundation structure.
The invention also provides a stretching method adopting the pre-tensioning submarine vacuum pipeline structure, which comprises the steps of arranging a plurality of abutments with elastic strength, laying a plurality of vacuum pipeline sections on the abutments, locally grouping the plurality of vacuum pipeline sections, then stretching by adopting a sequencing stretching method, stretching each vacuum pipeline section step by adopting a step stretching method, and stretching and closing the gap between the flanges of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections step by step.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: building a plurality of abutments with elastic strength at the installation positions;
step 2: laying vacuum pipeline sections on the pier, temporarily connecting flanges of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections through a tensioning mechanism without applying force for fastening, and reserving an initial value between the flanges of the two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections as S0The gap of (a);
and step 3: selecting the gap between any two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections as a 0 th gap, tensioning a tensioning mechanism corresponding to the 0 th gap to reduce the 0 th gap by a quantitative value of 2 delta s, and ensuring that the left 1 st abutment and the right 1 st abutment at the two sides of the 0 th gap are coveredPulling toward the 0 th gap displacement Δ d, and reducing the 0 th gap to S ═ S 02 Δ s, the half-pipe section between gap 0 and left abutment 1, and the half-pipe section between gap 0 and right abutment 1 are each stretched Lhs＝Δs-Δd；
And 4, step 4: tensioning a tensioning mechanism corresponding to the left 1 st gap, so that the left 2 nd abutment is pulled rightwards by a displacement delta d, the right end flange of the left 2 nd pipe section is pulled rightwards by a displacement delta s, and the right half section of the left 2 nd pipe section is pulled by an LhsΔ S- Δ d, the left 1 st gap is reduced to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3Lhs(ii) a Simultaneously, tensioning the tensioning mechanism corresponding to the right 1 st gap to ensure that the right 2 nd abutment is pulled leftwards by the displacement delta d, the left end flange of the right 2 nd pipe section is pulled leftwards by the displacement delta s, and the left half section of the right 2 nd pipe section is stretched by LhsΔ S- Δ d, the 1 st gap is narrowed to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3Lhs；
And 5: repeating the step 3 and the step 4;
step 6: tensioning mechanism for tensioning left 2 nd gap, pulling right displacement delta d of left 3 rd abutment, pulling right displacement delta s of right flange of left 3 rd pipe section, and stretching L of right half section of left 3 rd pipe sectionhsΔ S- Δ d, the left 2 nd gap is reduced to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3LhsThe left 1 st gap is reduced to S0-3Lhs-(Δs-Δd)＝S0-4Lhs；
Simultaneously, tensioning a tensioning mechanism corresponding to the right 2 nd gap, pulling the right pier 3 rd by a displacement delta d leftwards, pulling the left end flange of the right 3 rd pipe section by a displacement delta s leftwards, and pulling the left half section of the right 3 rd pipe section by an L-shaped tensionhsΔ S- Δ d, the right 2 nd gap S is reduced to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3LhsThe right 1 st gap is reduced to S0-3Lhs-(Δs-Δd)＝S0-4Lhs；
And 7: repeating the steps 3 to 6, expanding the gap to the nth left and expanding the gap to the nth right until the gap 0 is completely closed, and restoring the first left abutment and the first right abutment to the original positions, wherein the longitudinal acting force is close to 0; the tensioning mechanism corresponding to the 0 th gap is subjected to stress application and fastening so as to ensure the requirements of sealing and connection strength; the pipe section of the pipe section vacuum pipeline between the left nth gap and the right nth gap is a sequence group;
and 8: and (5) repeating the steps 3 to 7 until all gaps are closed, all abutments are restored to the original positions, the longitudinal acting force applied to the abutments is close to 0, and the tensioning mechanism performs stress application fastening to complete the pretensioning operation of all the vacuum pipeline sections.
Compared with the prior art, the pier has elastic strength, the seabed vacuum pipeline comprises a plurality of vacuum pipeline sections which are sequentially arranged, the vacuum pipeline sections have tensile strength, flanges are arranged at the opposite ends of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections, gaps are arranged between the flanges of the two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections at intervals, and the flanges of the two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections are connected through the tensioning mechanism. The reserved gap enables pipe sections to be quickly butted with each other without accurate alignment in the laying operation, the difficulty that the pipe sections cannot be embedded is avoided, the laying process is simplified, and convenience is brought to construction and laying; the clearance provides space and the possibility of stretching the pipe section. The pre-stressed pipeline can reduce the self vibration of the seabed vacuum pipeline and the shock excitation and resonance when a vehicle passes through, and reduce the elastic deformation of the pipeline and the bending deformation in the middle of the suspended span. The pier with the elastic strength in the longitudinal direction and the arrangement that the pipeline is fixedly connected with the pier enable the pipeline tensile force transmission in a local range to be limited in the local range, and the stability of the pipeline and the pier in the remote and whole lines is not affected; on the other hand, when partial pipeline is broken or dismantled, the instability and the loss of prestress of the whole-line pipeline of the submarine vacuum pipeline can be avoided, and the local few piers can ensure that the prestress of the pipeline section in the range still exists. The grouped step sequence stretching method can avoid overlarge displacement and overlarge stress of a single abutment, reduce the requirement on the structural strength of the abutment, restore the abutment to the original position after stretching is finished and return the longitudinal stress to zero, improve the rigidity of the seabed vacuum pipeline, minimize the middle sagging of the suspended span pipeline and ensure the stability and safety of driving.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in a state where stretching is completed and the gap is closed;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an abutment having elastic strength according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pipe section installation process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the present invention after the pipe sections are laid and spliced, the pipe sections are not stretched, and the gaps are not closed;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at A;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the displacement of the force points at 0 th gap, 1 st pull, and the displacement of the force points at the 1 st pull of the left 1 st gap and the right 1 st gap of the stretching process of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a subsea vacuum line with an independent suspended span between the abutments;
wherein, 1 is abutment; 1L1Is the left pier 1; 1L2Is the left 2 nd abutment; 1R1Is the right pier 1; 1R2 Right pier 2; 2 is a vacuum pipeline section; 2L1Is a left 1 st pipe section; 2L2Is a left 2 nd pipe section; 2R1Is the right 1 st pipe section; 2R2Is a right 2 nd pipe section; 3 is a flange; 4, a tensioning mechanism; 5 is a gap; 50Is the 0 th gap; 5L1Is the left 1 st gap; 5R1Right 1 st gap; 6 is a pipe hoop; 7 is sea level; and 8 is the seabed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and specific examples in the specification, and it should be understood that the examples described are only a part of the examples of the present application, and not all examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pre-tensioning submarine vacuum pipeline structure, which is shown in figures 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 and comprises a submarine vacuum pipeline and a plurality of abutments 1, wherein the bottoms of the abutments 1 are fixedly arranged at installation positions, the submarine vacuum pipeline is fixedly supported at the tops of the abutments 1, the abutments 1 have elastic strength, the submarine vacuum pipeline comprises a plurality of vacuum pipeline sections 2 which are sequentially arranged, the vacuum pipeline sections 2 have tensile strength, flanges 3 are arranged at the opposite ends of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 2, a gap 5 is arranged between the flanges 3 of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 2 at intervals, and the flanges 3 of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 2 are connected through a tensioning mechanism 4.
The abutment 1 of the present embodiment has good stability and elastic strength, and referring to fig. 2, can resist not only a large lateral acting force but also a large longitudinal acting force; the upper part of the pier 1 is elastically deformed under the action of longitudinal external force, so that the crawling of the seabed vacuum pipeline, namely the vertical displacement of the harmful pipeline, is reduced, and the crawling of the seabed vacuum pipeline is limited within a certain range.
Referring to fig. 3, the seabed vacuum pipeline of the present embodiment is formed by splicing a plurality of vacuum pipeline segments 2 produced in a factory, and is made of a metal material with tensile strength, such as a steel pipe, and the rigidity is increased after the stretching; the length of the vacuum pipeline section 2 during production and manufacturing is smaller than the application length of the vacuum pipeline section 2 during operation after construction, and the designed application length is achieved through stretching after laying.
In this embodiment, each vacuum pipe section 2 is correspondingly provided with one abutment 1, and the middle part of each vacuum pipe section 2 is fixedly supported on the abutment 1. As shown in fig. 7, one abutment 1 may be provided corresponding to a set number of vacuum conduit sections 2 at intervals among the plurality of vacuum conduit sections 2, that is, in a case where there is an independently suspended vacuum conduit section 2 between two adjacent abutments 1, the middle portion of the vacuum conduit section 2 may be fixedly supported by the abutments 1. Preferably, the middle part of the vacuum pipeline section 2 is fixedly sleeved with a pipe hoop 6, and the pipe hoop 6 is fixed on the abutment 1.
In this embodiment, the abutment 1 is located in the middle of the vacuum pipe section 2, and the pipe is fixed at the position through the pipe hoop 6 and other modes, that is, the vacuum pipe section 2 cannot slide on the abutment 1, and cannot move relative to the abutment 1, so that the two side half pipe sections of the vacuum pipe section 2 with the abutment 1 as a central point can be uniformly stretched, the offset of the upper part of the abutment 1 toward one side is reduced, and the vacuum pipe section 2 can be effectively stretched.
In the embodiment, the gaps 5 are reserved between the adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 2, so that each vacuum pipeline section 2 can be stretched and generate a pretension force, convenience is brought to the laying of the vacuum pipeline sections 2, accurate alignment is not needed, and the difficulty that the vacuum pipeline sections 2 cannot be embedded is avoided; the initial value of the reserved gap 5 is of size S0Determined by the tensile stress sigma required for the design, i.e. the initial value of the gap 5 is a function of the tensile stress sigma, S0＝f(σ)。
The abutment 1 of this embodiment is a cylindrical, rectangular or trapezoidal pipe pile or pile foundation structure to provide a firm support foundation. The abutment 1 of this embodiment is fixed on the seabed 8 below the sea level 7, in other embodiments, the vacuum pipeline may be a land-based bearing type vacuum pipeline, and is applied on land, and at this moment, the abutment 1 is fixed on the ground, and when being applied on land, because the land is a non-constant temperature environment, when reserving the gap 5 between the adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 2, the factors of thermal expansion and contraction accompanied by temperature change need to be considered, and reasonable gap value and pipeline prestress are designed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a stretching method adopting the pre-tensioning submarine vacuum pipeline structure, which comprises the steps of arranging a plurality of abutments 1 with elastic strength, laying a plurality of vacuum pipeline sections 2 on the abutments 1, stretching the vacuum pipeline sections 2 by adopting a sequencing stretching method after local grouping, stretching each vacuum pipeline section 2 step by adopting a step stretching method, and closing the gap 5 between the flanges 3 of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 2 step by stretching.
On the basis of the elastic deformation abutments 1, each abutment 1 has longitudinal tensile property, and the plurality of vacuum pipeline sections 2 are stretched by adopting a local grouping and sequencing stretching method, so that simultaneous stretching on multiple sites is possible, the integral instability of a pipeline line is avoided when the pipeline is broken or part of the vacuum pipeline sections 2 are removed, and the integral crawling of the pipeline is avoided; meanwhile, the method is also a method foundation for simultaneously laying pipelines on the whole line, and the project progress is accelerated. Without such a grouping, sequencing-stretching method based on elastic deformation of the abutments 1, the pre-tensioned vacuum tubing lines would have to be laid down with sequential stretching, which would be difficult. The adoption of the step-by-step stretching method means that each vacuum pipeline pipe section 2 is not stretched in place once, and the gap 5 between each vacuum pipeline pipe section 2 is not stretched and closed once but completed in several steps, so that the advantages of avoiding the longitudinal displacement and the overlarge stress on the upper part of the abutment 1 and reducing the requirement on the structural strength of the abutment 1 are achieved.
Referring to fig. 6, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: building a plurality of abutments 1 with elastic strength at the installation position, namely the seabed 8 or the land ground, wherein the elastic strength is required, especially in the longitudinal direction, namely the extension direction of the pipeline;
step 2: laying the vacuum pipeline sections 2 on the pier 1, temporarily connecting the flanges 3 of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 2 through a tensioning mechanism 4 without applying force for fastening, and reserving an initial value S between the flanges 3 of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 20The gap 5 of (a); the vacuum pipeline sections 2 can be laid sequentially from the shore, from any position in the offshore pipeline line direction, or synchronously at multiple points;
and step 3: selecting the gap 5 of any two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections 2 as the 0 th gap 50Tensioning the 0 th gap 50 Corresponding tensioning mechanisms 4, with 0 th gap 50By reducing the quantitative value 2 deltas, the 0 th gap 50 Left 1 st abutment 1 on both sidesL1And right 1 st abutment 1R1Is pulled toward the 0 th gap 50Displacement Δ d, 0 th gap 50Shrinking to S ═ S 02 Δ s, becauseThe abutment 1 has elastic strength so that the 0 th gap 50And left 1 st abutment 1L1 Left 1 st pipe section 2 in betweenL1Is stretched Lhs0 th gap 5 ═ Δ s- Δ d0And right 1 st abutment 1R1The right 1 st pipe section 2 in betweenR1Is stretched Lhs＝Δs-Δd；
And 4, step 4: tensioning the left 1 st gap 5L1Corresponding tensioning means 4 for the left 2 nd abutment 1L2Is pulled to the right by a displacement delta d, the left 2 nd pipe section 2L2Is pulled to the right by the displacement deltas and the left 2 nd pipe section 2L2Is stretched LhsΔ s- Δ d, left 1 st gap 5L1Shrinking to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3Lhs(ii) a At the same time, the right 1 st gap 5 is tensionedR1Corresponding tensioning means 4 for right 2 nd abutment 1R2Is pulled to the left by a displacement delta d, and the 2 nd pipe section 2R2The left end flange 3 is pulled to the left by the displacement deltas and the right 2 nd pipe section 2R2Is stretched by LhsΔ s- Δ d, right 1 st gap 5R1Shrinking to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3Lhs；
And 5: repeating step 3 by tensioning gap 00The corresponding tensioning mechanism 4 tensions the 0 th gap 50To make the 0 th gap 50Then 2 deltas is reduced and correspondingly the 0 th gap 50Two abutments 1 on both sides, i.e. the left 1 st abutment 1L1And right 1 st abutment 1R1Is pulled toward the 0 th gap 50A displacement Δ d, 0 th gap 50And left 1 st abutment 1L1Left 1 st pipe section 2 in betweenL1The right half pipe section is then stretched by Lhs0 th gap 5 ═ Δ s- Δ d0And right 1 st abutment 1R1The right 1 st pipe section 2 in betweenR1The left half-pipe section is stretched LhsWhen the 0 th gap 5 is equal to deltas-deltad0Shrinking to S ═ S0-4 Δ s; repeating step 4, tensioning the left 1 st gap 5 againL1Corresponding tensioning means 4 for the left 2 nd abutment 1L2Is pulled to the right by a displacement delta d, and the left 2 nd pipe section 2L2Is then covered by the right flange 3By a rightward pulling displacement Δ s of the left 2 nd pipe section 2L2Is stretched by LhsΔ s- Δ d, left 1 st gap 5L1Shrinking to S ═ S0-(2Δs+2Lhs-2Δd)＝S0-4Lhs(ii) a At the same time, the right 1 st gap 5 is tensionedR1Corresponding tensioning means 4 for right 2 nd abutment 1R2Is pulled leftwards by a displacement delta d, and the right 2 nd pipe section 2R2The left end flange 3 is pulled leftwards by a displacement delta s, and the right 2 nd pipe section 2R2Is stretched L again in the left half sectionhsΔ s- Δ d, right 1 st gap 5R1Shrinking to S ═ S0-(2Δs+2Lhs-2Δd)＝S0-4Lhs；
Step 6: tensioning mechanism 4 corresponding to the left 2 nd gap, pulling displacement delta d of the left 3 rd abutment rightward, pulling displacement delta s of the right flange 3 of the left 3 rd pipe section rightward, and stretching L of the right half section of the left 3 rd pipe sectionhsΔ S- Δ d, the left 2 nd gap is reduced to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3LhsLeft 1 st gap 5L1Shrinking to S0-3Lhs-(Δs-Δd)＝S0-4Lhs；
Simultaneously, tensioning the tensioning mechanism 4 corresponding to the right 2 nd gap, pulling the right pier 3 rd by a displacement delta d, pulling the left flange (3) of the right 3 rd pipe section by a displacement delta s, and stretching the left half section of the right 3 rd pipe section by LhsΔ S- Δ d, the right 2 nd gap S is reduced to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3LhsRight 1 st gap 5R1Shrinking to S0-3Lhs-(Δs-Δd)＝S0-4Lhs；
And 7: repeating the steps 3 to 6, expanding the gap to the nth left gap and expanding the gap to the nth right gap until the gap 0 is 50Fully closed, left 1 st abutment 1L1And right 1 st abutment 1R1The original position is restored, and the longitudinal acting force is close to 0; to the 0 th gap 50The corresponding tensioning mechanism 4 is fastened by applying force to ensure the requirements of sealing and connecting strength; the pipe section vacuum pipeline section 2 between the left nth gap and the right nth gap is a sequence group;
and 8: repeating the steps 3 to 7, and selecting other gaps 5 which are not tensioned as 0 th gaps 50And (3) until all the gaps 5 are closed, all the abutments 1 are restored to the original positions, the longitudinal acting force applied to the abutments approaches to 0, and the tensioning mechanism 4 performs stress application fastening to complete the pretensioning operation of all the vacuum pipeline sections 2.
The pier has elastic strength, the pipe section can be stretched, and the rigidity is increased after stretching. The pier is located in the middle of the pipe sections and fixedly connected with the pipe sections, a gap is reserved between the pipe sections when the pier is laid, and the size of the pier is determined by the tensile stress required by design. The reserved gap enables the pipe section to be laid without accurate alignment, construction is convenient, and space is provided for pipe section stretching. The pre-tension pipeline can reduce the vibration of the seabed vacuum pipeline and the vibration and resonance when a vehicle passes through, and reduce the elastic deformation and the bending of the pipeline. Pipeline tensile force transmission is injectd in local scope, does not influence full line pipeline and abutment and stable, when partial pipeline fracture or when dismantling, avoids full line pipeline unstability and loses prestressing force. The step-by-step sequence stretching method can avoid overlarge displacement and overlarge stress of a single abutment, reduce the requirement on the structural strength of the abutment, restore the abutment to the original position after stretching is finished and return the longitudinal stress to zero, improve the rigidity of the submarine vacuum pipeline, minimize the middle sagging of the suspended span pipeline and ensure the stability and safety of driving.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A pre-tensioning seabed vacuum pipeline structure is characterized by comprising a seabed vacuum pipeline and a plurality of abutments (1), wherein the bottoms of the abutments (1) are fixedly arranged at installation positions, the seabed vacuum pipeline is fixedly supported at the tops of the abutments (1), the abutments (1) have elastic strength, the seabed vacuum pipeline comprises a plurality of vacuum pipeline sections (2) which are sequentially arranged, the vacuum pipeline sections (2) have tensile strength, flanges (3) are arranged at opposite ends of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections (2), a gap (5) is arranged between the flanges (3) of the two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections (2) at intervals, and the flanges (3) of the two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections (2) are connected through a tensioning mechanism (4); each vacuum pipeline pipe section (2) is correspondingly provided with one abutment (1), and the middle part of each vacuum pipeline pipe section (2) is fixedly supported on the abutment (1); or, a plurality of vacuum pipeline pipe sections (2) are correspondingly provided with one pier (1) at intervals of a set number, and the middle part of each vacuum pipeline pipe section (2) is fixedly supported on the pier (1).
2. A pre-tensioned subsea vacuum line structure according to claim 1, characterised in that a pipe clamp (6) is fixedly sleeved on the middle of said vacuum line section (2), said pipe clamp (6) being fixed to said abutment (1).
3. A pre-tensioned subsea vacuum line structure according to claim 1, characterised in that said tensioning means (4) comprises a plurality of tie rods, said tie rods are circumferentially inserted between said flanges (3) of two adjacent vacuum line sections (2), and nuts are threaded onto both axial ends of said tie rods.
4. A pre-tensioned subsea vacuum line structure according to claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said tie rod is sleeved with a washer, said washer being located between said nut and said flange (3).
5. A pre-tensioned subsea vacuum pipe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said gap (5) has an initial value of S0F (σ), σ is the tensile stress, and f (σ) is the tensile stress function.
6. A pre-tensioned subsea vacuum line structure according to claim 1, characterised in that said abutments (1) are cylindrical, rectangular or trapezoidal pipe or pile foundation structures.
7. A stretching method adopting a pre-tensioning submarine vacuum pipeline structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of arranging a plurality of abutments (1) with elastic strength, laying a plurality of vacuum pipeline sections (2) on the abutments (1), stretching the plurality of vacuum pipeline sections (2) by a sequential stretching method after partial grouping, and stretching each vacuum pipeline section (2) by steps by a step-by-step stretching method, wherein gaps (5) between flanges (3) of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections (2) are stretched and closed by steps.
8. Drawing process according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step 1: building a plurality of abutments (1) with elastic strength at the installation position;
step 2: laying the vacuum pipeline sections (2) on the pier (1), temporarily connecting the flanges (3) of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections (2) through a tensioning mechanism (4), fastening without applying force, and reserving an initial value between the flanges (3) of two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections (2) as S0A gap (5);
and step 3: selecting a gap (5) of any two adjacent vacuum pipeline sections (2) as a 0 th gap (5)0) Tensioning the 0 th gap (5)0) Corresponding tensioning mechanisms (4) for setting the 0 th gap (5)0) By reducing the quantitative value 2 deltas, the 0 th gap (5)0) Left pier 1 on two sidesL1) And the right 1 st abutment (1)R1) Is pulled to the 0 th gap (5)0) Displacement Δ d, 0 th gap (5)0) Shrinking to S ═ S0-2 Δ s, 0 th gap (5)0) And left No. 1 pier (1)L1) Half pipe sections in between, and 0 th gap (5)0) And the right 1 st abutment (1)R1) The half pipe sections in between are all stretched by Lhs＝Δs-Δd；
And 4, step 4: tensioning the left 1 st gap (5)L1) Corresponding tensioning mechanism (4) enables the left 2 nd abutment (1)L2) Is pulled to the right by a displacement delta d, and a left 2 nd pipe section (2)L2) Is pulled rightwards by a displacement delta s, and the left 2 nd pipe section (2)L2) Is stretched LhsΔ s- Δ d, left 1 st gap (5)L1) Shrinking to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3Lhs(ii) a Simultaneously, the right 1 st gap (5) is tensionedR1) Corresponding tensioning mechanism (4) enables the right 2 nd abutment (1)R2) Is pulled leftwards by a displacement delta d, and the right 2 nd pipe section (2)R2) Is pulled leftwards by a displacement delta s, and the right 2 nd pipe section (2)R2) Is stretched by LhsΔ s- Δ d, right 1 st gap (5)R1) Shrinking to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3Lhs；
And 5: repeating the step 3 and the step 4;
step 6: tensioning mechanism (4) corresponding to the left 2 nd gap, pulling right displacement delta d of the left 3 rd abutment, pulling right displacement delta s of the right flange (3) of the left 3 rd pipe section, and stretching L of the right half section of the left 3 rd pipe sectionhsΔ S- Δ d, the left 2 nd gap is narrowed to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3LhsLeft 1 st gap (5)L1) Shrinking to S0-3Lhs-(Δs-Δd)＝S0-4Lhs；
Simultaneously, tensioning the tensioning mechanism (4) corresponding to the right 2 nd gap, pulling the right 3 rd abutment leftward by a displacement delta d, pulling the left end flange (3) of the right 3 rd pipe section leftward by a displacement delta s, and stretching the left half section of the right 3 rd pipe section by LhsΔ S- Δ d, the right 2 nd gap S is reduced to S ═ S0-(Δs+2Lhs-Δd)＝S0-3LhsRight 1 st gap (5)R1) Shrinking to S0-3Lhs-(Δs-Δd)＝S0-4Lhs；
And 7: repeating the steps 3 to 6, expanding to the nth left gap and expanding to the nth right gap till the 0 th gap (5)0) Fully closed, left pier 1 (1)L1) And right pier No. 1Bench (1)R1) The original position is restored, and the longitudinal acting force is close to 0; for the 0 th gap (5)0) The corresponding tensioning mechanism (4) is fastened by applying force to ensure the requirements of sealing and connecting strength; the pipe section vacuum pipeline section (2) between the left nth gap and the right nth gap is a sequence group;
and 8: and (5) repeating the steps (3) to (7) until all the gaps (5) are closed, all the abutments (1) are restored to the original positions, the longitudinal acting force applied to the abutments is close to 0, and the tensioning mechanism (4) performs force application fastening to complete the pretensioning operation of all the vacuum pipeline sections (2).
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| CN202110069064.7A CN112878373B (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Pre-tension submarine vacuum pipeline structure and stretching method thereof |
| PCT/CN2021/092528 WO2022156092A1 (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-09 | Pre-tension seabed vacuum pipeline structure and stretching method therefor |
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| CN202110069064.7A CN112878373B (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Pre-tension submarine vacuum pipeline structure and stretching method thereof |
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| WO2022156092A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 |
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