CN112878115B - Intelligent aggregate and multi-frequency resonant network layer - Google Patents
Intelligent aggregate and multi-frequency resonant network layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112878115B CN112878115B CN202110043694.7A CN202110043694A CN112878115B CN 112878115 B CN112878115 B CN 112878115B CN 202110043694 A CN202110043694 A CN 202110043694A CN 112878115 B CN112878115 B CN 112878115B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 208
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 208
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent aggregate and a multi-frequency resonance network layer, and belongs to the technical field of railway equipment. This application embodiment can pass through multifrequency resonance granule has the flexible construction's of lower resonant frequency characteristic makes after burying this intelligence aggregate in the road bed, can effectively gather the low frequency vibration in the road bed, and then helps the collection of energy more, is convenient for the damping electricity generation of the realization road bed of great degree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway equipment, in particular to an intelligent aggregate and a multi-frequency resonant network layer.
Background
At present to the collection of heavy haul railway road bridge changeover portion road bed vibration energy, energy harvesting device rigidity is big, so the resonant frequency of energy harvesting device is higher, however the natural frequency of vibration of heavy haul railway road bed generally is within 30Hz, the high resonant frequency of energy harvesting device and the low natural frequency of vibration of road bed mismatch, lead to road bed vibration energy conversion efficiency lower, the energy of catching is less, the damping effect reduces, so the conversion efficiency of vibration energy can be improved greatly to the heavy haul railway road bridge changeover portion piezoelectricity energy collector who has low frequency resonant frequency, more help the collection of energy.
However, the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric material is high at present, and if the piezoelectric material is directly buried in a roadbed for piezoelectric power generation, the effect is not obvious.
Therefore, how to overcome the above problems is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent aggregate and a multi-frequency resonant network layer, which can improve the problems.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent aggregate comprising a protective shell; a pressure bearing plate; a multi-frequency resonant particle; the pressure bearing plate is arranged on the protective shell and used for sealing the opening; the multifrequency resonance granule is located in the protective housing, the one end of multifrequency resonance granule with the bearing plate is connected, the other end of multifrequency resonance granule with the bottom of protective housing is connected, the bottom with the opening is just to setting up, multifrequency resonance granule is for having lower resonant frequency's flexible construction.
At above-mentioned realization in-process, through setting up protective housing, bearing plate, multifrequency resonance granule to in arranging the multifrequency resonance granule in the protective housing, and will the one end of multifrequency resonance granule with the bearing plate is connected, the other end of multifrequency resonance granule with the bottom of protective housing is connected, through the characteristic that multifrequency resonance granule has the flexible construction of lower resonant frequency makes after burying this intelligence aggregate into the road bed, can effectively gather the low frequency vibration in the road bed, and then helps the collection of energy more, the damping of the realization road bed of the great degree of being convenient for electricity generation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-frequency resonant particle includes: a plurality of low stiffness flexible steel sheets; a plurality of flexible piezoelectric sheets; an elastic member; a top vibration transfer block; a bottom vibration transfer block; and, a plurality of masses; the top vibration transmission block and the bottom vibration transmission block are vertically connected through the elastic component; the top vibration transmission block and the bottom vibration transmission block are respectively connected with the mass blocks through the low-rigidity flexible steel sheets; the flexible piezoelectric sheets are respectively arranged on the low-rigidity flexible steel sheets, and the number of the flexible piezoelectric sheets corresponds to that of the low-rigidity flexible steel sheets one to one.
In the implementation process, a plurality of low-rigidity flexible steel sheets are arranged; a plurality of flexible piezoelectric sheets; an elastic member; a top vibration transfer block; a bottom vibration transfer block; the flexible piezoelectric material is adhered to the low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, and the steel sheet with the lower elastic constant is used as a substrate of the piezoelectric material, so that the resonant frequency of the flexible piezoelectric material is effectively reduced; and further coupling the flexible piezoelectric material-the low-rigidity elastic steel sheet-the mass block, and further reducing the resonant frequency of the intelligent aggregate structure by increasing the mass of the mass block.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of low-rigidity flexible steel sheets include a first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, a second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, a third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and a fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet; the plurality of flexible piezoelectric sheets comprise a first flexible piezoelectric sheet, a second flexible piezoelectric sheet, a third flexible piezoelectric sheet and a fourth flexible piezoelectric sheet; the plurality of masses comprises a first mass and a second mass; the top of the top vibration transmission block is connected with the bearing plate, one end of the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the first side edge of the top vibration transmission block, and the other end of the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the first mass block; one end of the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the second side edge of the top vibration transmission block, the other end of the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the second mass block, and the second mass block is arranged opposite to the first mass block; one end of the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the first side edge of the bottom vibration transmission block, and the other end of the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the first mass block; one end of the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the second side edge of the bottom vibration transmission block, and the other end of the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the second mass block; the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet are respectively symmetrical to the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet by taking a straight line where the second mass block and the first mass block are located as an axis; the bottom of the bottom vibration transmission block is connected with the protective shell; the top of the bottom vibration transmission block is connected with the bottom of the top vibration transmission block through the elastic component; the first flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet; the second flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet; the third flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet; the fourth flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure plate is provided with a conductive hole, and the conductive hole is used for connecting an electric wire to an external device for supplying power.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a high stiffness rubber layer is further disposed at the bottom of the protective shell; the bottom of the bottom vibration transmission block is connected with the high-rigidity rubber layer.
In the above-mentioned realization process, through establishing ties bottom vibration transmission piece and high rigidity rubber layer, can realize the multistage damping of intelligence aggregate, so that the vibration energy of partly road bed of low frequency resonance conversion through flexible piezoelectric material coupling road bed, the damping on the rubber material on rethread high rigidity rubber layer absorbs the vibration energy of another part, further make after burying this intelligence aggregate in the road bed, can effectively gather the low frequency vibration in the road bed, and then help the collection of energy more, be convenient for the damping electricity generation of the realization road bed of great degree.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of low rigidity flexible steel sheets further includes a fifth low rigidity flexible steel sheet and a sixth low rigidity flexible steel sheet; the plurality of flexible piezoelectric patches further comprises a fifth flexible piezoelectric patch and a sixth flexible piezoelectric patch; the plurality of masses further comprises a third mass; one end of the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the third side edge of the top vibration transfer block, and the other end of the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the third mass block; one end of the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the third side edge of the bottom vibration transfer block, the other end of the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the third mass block, and the third mass block, the second mass block and the first mass block form an equilateral triangle; the fifth flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet; the sixth flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet.
In the implementation process, the third mass block, the second mass block and the first mass block form an equilateral triangle, so that the resonance is more uniform, and the resonance frequency of the intelligent aggregate structure is further reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of low rigidity flexible steel sheets further includes a seventh low rigidity flexible steel sheet and an eighth low rigidity flexible steel sheet; the plurality of flexible piezoelectric patches further comprises a seventh flexible piezoelectric patch and an eighth flexible piezoelectric patch; the plurality of masses further comprises a fourth mass; one end of the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the fourth side edge of the top vibration transmission block, and the other end of the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the fourth mass block; one end of the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the fourth side edge of the bottom vibration transmission block, the other end of the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the fourth mass block, and the fourth mass block and the third mass block are symmetrically arranged; the second mass block and the first mass block are symmetrically arranged; the seventh flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet; the eighth flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet.
In the implementation process, the fourth mass block and the third mass block are symmetrically arranged; the second mass block and the first mass block are symmetrically arranged, so that resonance is more uniform, and the resonance frequency of the intelligent aggregate structure is further reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned further includes a plurality of welding blocks; the top vibration transfer block is fixedly connected with the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet through at least 4 welding blocks; the bottom vibration transmission block is fixedly connected with the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet through at least 4 of the welding blocks.
In the implementation process, a plurality of welding blocks are arranged, and the top vibration transmission block, the bottom vibration transmission block and the low-rigidity flexible steel sheet are fixedly connected through the welding blocks, so that the stability of the multi-frequency resonance particles is better, and the resonance frequency of intelligent aggregates can be effectively reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above further comprises a plurality of hinged nuts; the first mass block, the second mass block, the third mass block and the fourth mass block are respectively hinged to the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet through the plurality of hinged nuts.
In the implementation process, the first mass block, the second mass block, the third mass block and the fourth mass block are hinged to the low-rigidity flexible steel sheet through the plurality of hinged nuts, so that relative movement between the top vibration transmission block and the bottom vibration transmission block is facilitated, and energy conversion is enabled to reach the maximum value.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a multi-frequency resonant network layer, including: a substrate and a charge extraction and conversion memory; at least one layer of intelligent aggregate according to any one of the first aspect is arranged on the foundation bed; the charge extraction and conversion memory is arranged in the intelligent aggregate.
In the above-mentioned realization process, through setting up intelligent aggregate on the foundation bed to make after burying this multifrequency resonance network layer in the road bed, can effectively fix intelligent aggregate, and can effectively gather the low frequency vibration in the road bed through the flexible construction's of the lower resonant frequency that intelligent aggregate had characteristic, and then help the collection of energy more, the damping electricity generation of the realization road bed of the great degree of being convenient for, and draw the extraction and the storage that the conversion memory carries out the electric energy through the electric charge.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two layers of the intelligent aggregates are disposed on the foundation bed, and each layer of the intelligent aggregates is disposed on the foundation bed in an array.
In the implementation process, two layers of intelligent aggregates are arranged on the foundation bed, and each layer of intelligent aggregates is arranged on the foundation bed in an array manner, so that the energy harvesting of the multi-frequency resonance network layer is realized, and the conversion efficiency of the vibration energy is effectively improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the charge extraction and conversion memory includes a charge extraction and conversion device and an energy storage; the charge extraction converter is used for extracting alternating current generated by the piezoelectric sheet and outputting stable direct current electric energy to be stored in the energy storage.
In the implementation process, the charge extraction converter and the energy storage device are arranged, so that alternating current generated by the piezoelectric sheet is extracted through the charge extraction converter, stable direct current electric energy is output and stored in the energy storage device, and energy storage can be effectively improved.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent aggregate provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an intelligent aggregate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency resonance particle in an intelligent aggregate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-frequency resonance network layer in a transition section scene of a heavy haul railway road bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a multi-frequency resonant network layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic layer structure diagram of a multi-frequency resonant network layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charge extraction and conversion memory in a multi-frequency resonant network layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an installation location of a charge extraction and conversion memory in a multi-frequency resonant network layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100-intelligent aggregate; 110-a protective shell; 120-a pressure bearing plate; 130-multi-frequency resonant particles; 131-an elastic member; 132-a top vibration transfer mass; 133-bottom vibration transfer mass; 1301-a first low stiffness flexible steel sheet; 1302-a second low stiffness flexible steel sheet; 1303-a third low stiffness flexible steel sheet; 1304-a fourth low stiffness flexible steel sheet; 1305-a fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet; 1306-a sixth low stiffness flexible steel sheet; 1307-a seventh low stiffness flexible steel sheet; 1308-an eighth low stiffness flexible steel sheet; 1341-a first flexible piezoelectric sheet; 1342-a second flexible piezoelectric sheet; 1343-a third flexible piezoelectric sheet; 1344-a fourth flexible piezoelectric sheet; 1345-a fifth flexible piezoelectric sheet; 1346-a sixth flexible piezoelectric sheet; 1347-a seventh flexible piezoelectric sheet; 1348-an eighth flexible piezoelectric sheet; 1351-a first mass; 1352-a second mass; 1353-a third mass; 1354-fourth mass; 136-a conductive via; 137-high stiffness rubber layer; 138-a solder bump; 139-hinged screw cap; 200-a multi-frequency resonant network layer; 210-a foundation bed; 230-a charge extraction converter; 240-energy storage.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides an intelligent aggregate 100, which includes a protective shell 110, a pressure-bearing plate 120, and multi-frequency resonance particles 130.
Optionally, the protective shell 110 is cubic. For example a cuboid or cube. Here, the number of the carbon atoms is not particularly limited.
Optionally, the protective shell 110 is made of a rigid material.
Optionally, the protective case 110 is provided with an opening (not shown) through which a user can conveniently insert the multi-frequency resonance particles 130 into the protective case 110, and the opening is sealed by the pressure bearing plate 120 to seal the multi-frequency resonance particles 130 in a closed space formed by the protective case 110 and the pressure bearing plate 120.
It should be noted that the strength and rigidity of the intelligent aggregate 100 meet the rigidity standard requirements of the transition section of the heavy haul railway road bridge. Here, the number of the carbon atoms is not particularly limited.
Optionally, multifrequency resonance granule 130 is located in the protective housing 110, multifrequency resonance granule 130's one end with bearing plate 120 connects, multifrequency resonance granule 130's the other end with the bottom of protective housing 110 is connected, the bottom with the opening is just to setting up, multifrequency resonance granule 130 is for having the flexible structure of lower resonance frequency. The specific structure of the multi-frequency resonance particle 130 is as follows:
the multi-frequency resonant particle 130 includes: a plurality of low stiffness flexible steel sheets; a plurality of flexible piezoelectric sheets; an elastic member 131; a top vibration transfer mass 132; a bottom vibration transfer mass 133 and a plurality of masses.
Wherein the top vibration transmission block 132 and the bottom vibration transmission block 133 are vertically connected by the elastic member 131; the top vibration transfer block 132 and the bottom vibration transfer block 133 are respectively connected with the plurality of mass blocks through the plurality of low-rigidity flexible steel sheets; the flexible piezoelectric patches are respectively arranged on the low-rigidity flexible steel sheets, and the number of the flexible piezoelectric patches corresponds to that of the low-rigidity flexible steel sheets one to one.
Optionally, the elastic member 131 is a spring, such as a coil spring.
In practical applications, the elastic component 131 may also be other elastic devices, such as a leaf spring or a diaphragm. Here, the number of the carbon atoms is not particularly limited.
Wherein, the top of the top vibration transfer block 132 is connected with the bearing plate 120; the bottom of the bottom vibration transfer block 133 is connected to the bottom of the protective case 110.
In one possible embodiment, the plurality of low stiffness flexible steel sheets includes a first low stiffness flexible steel sheet 1301, a second low stiffness flexible steel sheet 1302, a third low stiffness flexible steel sheet 1303, and a fourth low stiffness flexible steel sheet 1304; the plurality of flexible piezoelectric patches includes a first flexible piezoelectric patch 1341, a second flexible piezoelectric patch 1342, a third flexible piezoelectric patch 1343 and a fourth flexible piezoelectric patch 1344; the plurality of masses includes a first mass 1351 and a second mass 1352; the top of the top vibration transmission block 132 is connected to the bearing plate 120, one end of the first low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1301 is connected to the first side of the top vibration transmission block 132, and the other end of the first low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1301 is connected to the first mass 1351; one end of the second low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1302 is connected with a second side edge of the top vibration transmission block 132, the other end of the second low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1302 is connected with the second mass 1352, and the second mass 1352 is arranged opposite to (or symmetrically arranged with) the first mass 1351; one end of the third low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1303 is connected with the first side edge of the bottom vibration transmission block 133, and the other end of the third low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1303 is connected with the first mass block 1351; one end of the fourth low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1304 is connected to the second side edge of the bottom vibration transmission block 133, and the other end of the fourth low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1304 is connected to the second mass block 1352; the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1301 and the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1302 are respectively symmetrical to the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1303 and the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1304 by taking a straight line where the second mass block 1352 and the first mass block 1351 are located as an axis; the bottom of the bottom vibration transfer block 133 is connected to the protective case 120; the top of the bottom vibration transfer block 133 is connected to the bottom of the top vibration transfer block 132 through the elastic member 131; the first flexible piezoelectric sheet 1341 is arranged on the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1301; the second flexible piezoelectric sheet 1342 is disposed on the second low-stiffness flexible steel sheet 1302; the third flexible piezoelectric sheet 1343 is arranged on the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1303; the fourth flexible piezoelectric piece 1344 is disposed on the fourth low stiffness flexible steel piece 1304.
That is, the multi-frequency resonance particles 130 described above can be understood as a symmetrical structure with the elastic member 131 as an axis.
It can be understood that, in the above embodiment, the multi-frequency resonant particle 130 is more stabilized by symmetrically arranging the first and second masses 1351 and 1352.
Alternatively, the masses of the first and second masses 1351, 1352 may be unequal, and of course, may be equal. Specifically, the mass required by the front second-order resonance frequency in the roadbed can be calculated theoretically, and then the low-rigidity steel sheets are respectively connected with the mass blocks with corresponding masses (for example, when the masses of the first mass block 1351 and the second mass block 1352 are unequal, the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1301 and the first mass block 1351 can be connected, and the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1304 and the second mass block 1352 can be connected), so that the multi-order low-frequency resonance of the smart aggregate 100 can be accurately realized.
In a possible embodiment, the plurality of low stiffness flexible steel sheets further comprises a fifth low stiffness flexible steel sheet 1305 and a sixth low stiffness flexible steel sheet 1306; the plurality of flexible piezoelectric patches further includes a fifth flexible piezoelectric patch 1345 and a sixth flexible piezoelectric patch 1346; the plurality of masses further includes a third mass 1353; one end of the fifth low stiffness compliant steel plate 1305 is connected to the third side edge of the top vibration transfer block 132, and the other end of the fifth low stiffness compliant steel plate 1305 is connected to the third mass 1353; one end of the sixth low stiffness compliant steel sheet 1306 is connected to the third side of the bottom vibration transfer block 133, the other end of the sixth low stiffness compliant steel sheet 1306 is connected to the third mass 1353, and the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 form an equilateral triangle (i.e. three masses can form the three vertices of the equilateral triangle); the fifth flexible piezoelectric sheet 1345 is disposed on the fifth low stiffness flexible steel sheet 1305; the sixth flexible piezoelectric sheet 1346 is disposed on the sixth low stiffness flexible steel sheet 1306.
It is understood that in the above embodiment, the resonance is made more uniform by forming the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 into equilateral triangles, so as to further reduce the resonance frequency of the smart aggregate 100.
Optionally, the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 have different masses.
The masses of the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 may be set by theoretically calculating the mass required by the first three-order resonant frequency in the road bed, and are not limited thereto.
It is understood that, in the above embodiment, by setting the masses of the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 to be unequal, low stiffness steel plates may be respectively connected to the masses of the corresponding masses to precisely realize the multi-step low frequency resonance of the smart aggregate 100.
Of course, in practical use, the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 may be equal, and are not limited thereto.
In a possible embodiment, the plurality of low stiffness flexible slabs further includes a seventh low stiffness flexible slab 1307 and an eighth low stiffness flexible slab 1308; the plurality of flexible piezoelectric patches further includes a seventh flexible piezoelectric patch 1347 and an eighth flexible piezoelectric patch 1348; the plurality of masses further comprises a fourth mass 1354; one end of the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1307 is connected with the fourth side edge of the top vibration transmission block 132, and the other end of the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1307 is connected with the fourth mass block 1354; one end of the eighth low stiffness flexure plate 1308 is connected with the fourth side of the bottom vibration transfer block 133, the other end of the eighth low stiffness flexure plate 1308 is connected with the fourth mass 1354, and the fourth mass 1354 is arranged symmetrically to the third mass 1353; the second mass 1352 is arranged symmetrically to the first mass 1351; the seventh flexible piezoelectric sheet 1347 is arranged on the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1307; the eighth flexible piezoelectric piece 1348 is disposed on the eighth low stiffness flexible steel piece 1308.
That is, the multi-frequency resonant particle 130 is a symmetric structure, which may be a symmetric axis of the elastic member 131, or a symmetric axis of a connection line between any two oppositely disposed masses (e.g., the fourth mass 1354 and the third mass 1353, or the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351).
It is understood that, in the above embodiment, by symmetrically arranging the fourth mass 1354 and the third mass 1353; the second mass 1352 is symmetrically disposed with respect to the first mass 1351 to further make the resonance more uniform, so as to further reduce the resonance frequency of the smart aggregate 100.
Optionally, the fourth mass 1354, the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 have different masses.
The masses of the fourth mass 1354, the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 may be set by theoretically calculating the mass required for the first four-order resonant frequency in the roadbed, and are not particularly limited herein.
It is understood that, in the above embodiment, by setting the masses of the fourth mass 1354, the third mass 1353, the second mass 1352 and the first mass 1351 to be unequal, low stiffness steel plates may be respectively connected to the masses of the corresponding masses to precisely realize the multi-step low frequency resonance of the smart aggregate 100.
It is understood that, in the above-described embodiment, by adhering flexible piezoelectric sheets (such as the first flexible piezoelectric sheet 1341, the second flexible piezoelectric sheet 1342, the third flexible piezoelectric sheet 1343, the fourth flexible piezoelectric sheet 1344, the fifth flexible piezoelectric sheet 1345, the sixth flexible piezoelectric sheet 1346, the seventh flexible piezoelectric sheet 1347, the eighth flexible piezoelectric sheet 1348, and the like) to low-rigidity flexible steel sheets (such as the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1301, the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1302, the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1303, the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1304, the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1305, the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1306, the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1307, the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1308, and the like), a lower elastic constant (i.e., a low-rigidity flexible steel sheet) is used as a substrate of a piezoelectric material, and a resonant frequency of the flexible piezoelectric sheets themselves is effectively reduced. The resonant frequency of the intelligent aggregate structure is further reduced by coupling the flexible piezoelectric material, the low-rigidity elastic steel sheet and the mass block and increasing the mass of the mass block.
In a possible embodiment, the pressure bearing plate 120 is provided with a conductive hole 136, and the conductive hole 136 is used for connecting an electric wire to supply power to an external device.
In a possible embodiment, the bottom of the protective shell 110 is further provided with a high stiffness rubber layer 137; the bottom of the bottom vibration transmission block 133 is connected to the high-rigidity rubber layer 137.
Wherein, the high-rigidity rubber layer 137 is made of high-rigidity rubber material.
It can be understood that, in the above embodiment, the bottom vibration transmission block 133 is connected in series with the high-rigidity rubber layer 137, so that multi-step vibration reduction of the intelligent aggregate 100 can be realized, so that low-frequency resonance of the roadbed is coupled through the flexible piezoelectric material to convert vibration energy of a part of the roadbed, and then damping of the rubber material of the high-rigidity rubber layer 137 absorbs vibration energy of another part of the roadbed, and further, after the intelligent aggregate 100 is embedded into the roadbed, low-frequency vibration in the roadbed can be effectively collected, thereby further contributing to energy collection and facilitating realization of vibration reduction and power generation of the roadbed to a greater extent.
In one possible embodiment, the multi-frequency resonant particle 130 further comprises a plurality of solder bumps 138; the top vibration transmission block 132 is fixedly connected to the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1301, the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1302, the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1305 and the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1307 through at least 4 of the plurality of welding blocks 138; the bottom vibration transfer block 133 is fixedly connected to the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1303, the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1304, the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1306, and the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet 1308 through at least 4 of the plurality of welding blocks 138.
For example, a low stiffness flexible steel plate 1301 may be welded to the top vibration transfer block 132 or the bottom vibration transfer block 133 by a weld block 138. Of course, it is also possible that one low-rigidity flexible steel piece 1301 is welded to the top vibration transfer piece 132 or the bottom vibration transfer piece 133 through 2 welding pieces 138.
It should be noted that the specific number of the welding blocks 138 may be set according to actual requirements, and is not limited in particular here.
It can be understood that, in the above embodiment, by providing the plurality of welding blocks 138 and fixedly connecting the top vibration transmission block 132, the bottom vibration transmission block 133 and the low-rigidity flexible steel sheet through the plurality of welding blocks 138, the stability of the multi-frequency resonant particle 130 is better, and the resonant frequency of the intelligent aggregate 100 can be effectively reduced.
In a possible embodiment, the multi-frequency resonant particle 130 further comprises a plurality of hinged nuts 139; the first, second, third and fourth masses 1351, 1352, 1353 and 1354 are respectively hinged to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth low stiffness compliant steel sheets 1301, 1302, 1303, 1304, 1305, 1306 and 1307 and 1308 via the plurality of hinged nuts 139.
For example, any one of the low stiffness flexible steel plates may be hinged to the first mass 1351, the second mass 1352, the third mass 1353 or the fourth mass 1354 by a hinge nut 139.
Of course, any low stiffness flexible steel sheet can be hinged to the first mass 1351, the second mass 1352, the third mass 1353 or the fourth mass 1354 by 2 hinged nuts 139.
It should be noted that the specific number of the hinge nuts 139 may be set according to practical requirements, and is not limited in particular.
It is understood that in the above embodiment, the energy conversion is maximized by providing a plurality of hinged nuts 139 and hinging the first, second, third and fourth masses 1351, 1352, 1353 and 1354 to low stiffness compliant steel plates, respectively, by a plurality of hinged nuts 139 to facilitate relative motion between the top vibration transfer block 132 and the bottom vibration transfer block 133.
The vibration energy absorption principle of the intelligent aggregate 100 is as follows: the vibration is collected through the bearing plate 120, and is transmitted to the flexible steel sheets with low rigidity (such as the first flexible steel sheet with low rigidity 1301, the second flexible steel sheet with low rigidity 1302, the fifth flexible steel sheet with low rigidity 1305 and the seventh flexible steel sheet with low rigidity 1307) through the top vibration transmission block 132 fixedly connected with the bearing plate 120, and then the vibration of the steel sheets drives the flexible piezoelectric sheets to vibrate, and the resonance of two flexible piezoelectric sheets connected with the same mass block at a certain step of the roadbed is realized through replacing and adjusting the mass block connected with the steel sheets, and in eight flexible piezoelectric sheets, each two piezoelectric flexible sheets are respectively connected with the mass block fixed by a certain mass, so that the whole intelligent aggregate 100 can resonate at four different characteristic frequencies in the roadbed, and the energy conversion reaches the maximum value.
Alternatively, the external structure of the smart aggregate 100 (e.g., the protective shell 110, the carrier plate 120, etc.) may be obtained by 3D printing.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 4 to 8, an embodiment of the present application further provides a multi-frequency resonant network layer, where the multi-frequency resonant network layer 200 includes a substrate 210 and a charge extraction and conversion memory.
Wherein at least one layer of the intelligent aggregate 100 is arranged on the surface layer of the foundation bed 210; the charge extraction and conversion memory is arranged in the intelligent aggregate 100.
It can be understood that, in the above embodiment, the intelligent aggregate 100 is disposed on the surface layer of the foundation bed, so that after the multi-frequency resonant network layer 200 is embedded in the roadbed, the intelligent aggregate 100 can be effectively fixed, and low-frequency vibration in the roadbed can be effectively collected through the characteristic of the flexible structure with the lower resonant frequency of the intelligent aggregate 100, thereby further facilitating the collection of energy, facilitating the realization of vibration reduction and power generation of the roadbed to a greater extent, and extracting and storing electric energy through the charge extraction and conversion memory.
In a possible embodiment, two layers of the intelligent aggregates 100 are disposed on the foundation bed 210, and each layer of the intelligent aggregates 100 is disposed on the foundation bed 210 in an array. For example, each layer is arranged in a format array of 4*9, i.e., 9 per row for 4 rows.
Of course, in actual use, the number of the smart aggregates 100 provided per layer on the foundation bed 210 may be more or less, and is not particularly limited herein.
It can be understood that, in the above embodiment, two layers of the intelligent aggregates 100 are arranged on the foundation 210, and each layer of the intelligent aggregates 100 is arranged on the foundation 210 in an array form, so as to realize energy harvesting of the multi-frequency resonant network layer 200, thereby effectively improving the conversion efficiency of the vibration energy.
Alternatively, the number of layers of the smart aggregate 100 disposed on the foundation bed 210 may be increased according to actual needs, for example, may be increased to 3 layers, 4 layers, and the like, and is not particularly limited herein.
In a possible embodiment, the charge extraction and conversion memory includes a charge extraction and conversion device 230 and an energy storage device 240; the charge extraction converter 230 is configured to extract the alternating current generated by the piezoelectric patch and output stable direct current electric energy to the energy storage 240. Specifically, the electric energy generated by the flexible piezoelectric patch is firstly converted into a direct current voltage by the rectifier bridge in the charge extraction converter 230, weak redundant noise waves are filtered by the filter capacitor, and finally the stable direct current electric energy is stored in the energy storage 240.
It can be understood that, in the above embodiment, by arranging the charge extraction converter 230 and the energy storage 240, so that the alternating current generated by the flexible piezoelectric sheet is extracted by the charge extraction converter 230 and stable direct current electric energy is output to be stored in the energy storage 240, the storage of energy can be effectively improved.
Alternatively, the energy storage 240 may be a super capacitor, a nickel metal hydride battery, or a lithium ion battery.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when the products of the present invention are used, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An intelligent aggregate is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
a protective shell;
a bearing plate;
a multi-frequency resonant particle;
the pressure bearing plate is arranged on the protective shell and used for sealing the opening;
the multi-frequency resonance particles are arranged in the protective shell, one end of each multi-frequency resonance particle is connected with the bearing plate, the other end of each multi-frequency resonance particle is connected with the bottom of the protective shell, the bottom of each multi-frequency resonance particle is opposite to the corresponding opening, and each multi-frequency resonance particle is of a flexible structure with lower resonance frequency;
the multi-frequency resonant particle includes:
a plurality of low stiffness flexible steel sheets;
a plurality of flexible piezoelectric sheets;
an elastic member;
a top vibration transfer block;
a bottom vibration transfer block; and the combination of (a) and (b),
a plurality of masses;
the top vibration transmission block and the bottom vibration transmission block are vertically connected through the elastic component;
the top vibration transmission block and the bottom vibration transmission block are respectively connected with the mass blocks through the low-rigidity flexible steel sheets;
the flexible piezoelectric sheets are respectively arranged on the low-rigidity flexible steel sheets, and the number of the flexible piezoelectric sheets corresponds to that of the low-rigidity flexible steel sheets one to one;
the plurality of low-rigidity flexible steel sheets comprise a first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, a second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, a third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and a fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet;
the plurality of flexible piezoelectric sheets comprise a first flexible piezoelectric sheet, a second flexible piezoelectric sheet, a third flexible piezoelectric sheet and a fourth flexible piezoelectric sheet;
the plurality of masses comprises a first mass and a second mass;
the top of the top vibration transmission block is connected with the bearing plate, one end of the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the first side edge of the top vibration transmission block, and the other end of the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the first mass block;
one end of the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the second side edge of the top vibration transmission block, the other end of the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the second mass block, and the second mass block is arranged opposite to the first mass block;
one end of the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the first side edge of the bottom vibration transmission block, and the other end of the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the first mass block;
one end of the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the second side edge of the bottom vibration transmission block, and the other end of the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the second mass block;
the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet are respectively symmetrical to the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet by taking a straight line where the second mass block and the first mass block are located as an axis;
the bottom of the bottom vibration transmission block is connected with the protective shell;
the top of the bottom vibration transmission block is connected with the bottom of the top vibration transmission block through the elastic component;
the first flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet;
the second flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet;
the third flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet;
the fourth flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet.
2. The intelligent aggregate of claim 1,
the bottom of the protective shell is also provided with a high-rigidity rubber layer;
the bottom of the bottom vibration transmission block is connected with the high-rigidity rubber layer.
3. The intelligent aggregate of claim 1,
the plurality of low-rigidity flexible steel sheets also comprise a fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and a sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet;
the plurality of flexible piezoelectric patches further comprises a fifth flexible piezoelectric patch and a sixth flexible piezoelectric patch;
the plurality of masses further comprises a third mass;
one end of the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the third side edge of the top vibration transfer block, and the other end of the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the third mass block;
one end of the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the third side edge of the bottom vibration transfer block, the other end of the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the third mass block, and the third mass block, the second mass block and the first mass block form an equilateral triangle;
the fifth flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet;
the sixth flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet.
4. The intelligent aggregate of claim 3,
the plurality of low-rigidity flexible steel sheets further comprise a seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and an eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet;
the plurality of flexible piezoelectric patches further comprises a seventh flexible piezoelectric patch and an eighth flexible piezoelectric patch;
the plurality of masses further comprises a fourth mass;
one end of the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the fourth side edge of the top vibration transmission block, and the other end of the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the fourth mass block;
one end of the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the fourth side edge of the bottom vibration transmission block, the other end of the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet is connected with the fourth mass block, and the fourth mass block and the third mass block are symmetrically arranged; the second mass block and the first mass block are symmetrically arranged;
the seventh flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet;
the eighth flexible piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet.
5. The intelligent aggregate of claim 4,
the welding device also comprises a plurality of welding blocks;
the top vibration transfer block is fixedly connected with the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet through at least 4 welding blocks;
the bottom vibration transfer block is fixedly connected with the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet through at least 4 of the plurality of welding blocks.
6. The intelligent aggregate of claim 4,
a plurality of hinged nuts;
the first mass block, the second mass block, the third mass block and the fourth mass block are respectively hinged to the first low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the second low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the third low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the fourth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the fifth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the sixth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet, the seventh low-rigidity flexible steel sheet and the eighth low-rigidity flexible steel sheet through the plurality of hinged nuts.
7. A multi-frequency resonant network layer is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
a substrate and a charge extraction and conversion memory;
at least one layer of intelligent aggregate as claimed in any one of claims 1-6 is arranged on the foundation bed;
the charge extraction and conversion memory is arranged in the intelligent aggregate.
8. The multi-frequency resonant network layer of claim 7,
the charge extraction and conversion memory comprises a charge extraction and conversion device and an energy memory;
the charge extraction converter is used for extracting alternating current generated by the piezoelectric sheet and outputting stable direct current electric energy to be stored in the energy storage.
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| CN114407947B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-06-23 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle floor and rail vehicle |
| CN114427586B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-10-14 | 中南大学 | Railway roadbed dynamic energy harvesting vibration damper based on carbon neutralization concept |
| CN115242126A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Foldable linear bistable low-frequency piezoelectric energy harvester |
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