CN112871108A - Reaction kettle preparation method and reaction kettle - Google Patents
Reaction kettle preparation method and reaction kettle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112871108A CN112871108A CN202110026305.XA CN202110026305A CN112871108A CN 112871108 A CN112871108 A CN 112871108A CN 202110026305 A CN202110026305 A CN 202110026305A CN 112871108 A CN112871108 A CN 112871108A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/02—Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of chemical equipment, and discloses a reaction kettle preparation method and a reaction kettle. The preparation method of the reaction kettle comprises the following steps: s1, treating the surface of the inner wall of the reaction kettle; s2, spraying a metal framework layer; spraying the corrosion-resistant alloy material on the surface of the inner wall of the reaction kettle by adopting a thermal spraying method, and controlling the porosity of the coating to be between 10 and 30 percent; s3, spraying the infiltration layer and the transition layer; s4, spraying a working layer; the reaction kettle prepared by the reaction kettle preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, degradation resistance and good heat transfer performance, and can be applied to hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, alkali, acid-base and high-temperature environments. Meanwhile, the transition layer and the working layer are firmly combined, so that the service life of the reaction kettle is greatly prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of chemical equipment, in particular to a reaction kettle preparation method and a reaction kettle.
Background
The reaction kettle is an important chemical device and is widely applied to industrial production such as petroleum, chemical pharmacy, food manufacturing, national defense and the like. The reaction kettle in the prior art generally adopts stainless steel or glass lining on the surface of an inner cavity and polytetrafluoroethylene lining to improve the corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, wear resistance and surface smoothness.
The glass lining reaction kettle has great limitation on the preparation process: (1) the preparation process is complex, and the overall cost is high; (2) due to the complexity of the preparation process, the internal stress of the coating is large, and the coating is easy to crack, fall off and the like; (3) the application range of the glass lining reaction kettle is limited, and the enamel has extremely strong corrosion resistance to low-concentration inorganic acid, organic solvent, weak alkali and other media, but cannot be used in the environments of strong alkali, hydrofluoric acid, fluorine-containing ion media, phosphoric acid with the temperature of more than 180 ℃ and the concentration of more than 30%, and the like.
The lining tetrafluoro reaction kettle mainly has two processing methods: (1) the loose lining has the advantages that air expansion and corrosive gas exist between the lined polytetrafluoroethylene film and the matrix, the loose lining is easy to damage in a working environment of rapid cooling and rapid heating, and the loose lining cannot be used under the condition of negative pressure; (2) and in the spraying process, due to the non-adhesiveness of the polytetrafluoroethylene, the sprayed coating is not tightly combined with the surface of the metal kettle body, the heat transfer efficiency is not high, the local falling condition is easy to cause, and the repair is difficult.
The above problems are the problems which need to be solved urgently in the preparation and application of the current reaction kettle coating, but the existing technology is not solved effectively.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a reaction kettle with a gold-plastic composite coating, which overcomes the defects of high energy consumption, easy porcelain explosion, limited application range, unavailable negative pressure of a PTFE lining reaction kettle and easy falling of a PTFE film of the traditional glass lining reaction kettle process, and achieves the effects of prolonging the service life of the reaction kettle, reducing the cost, saving energy and reducing emission.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a reaction tank preparation method comprising:
s1, treating the surface of the inner wall of the reaction kettle;
purifying the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, polishing the purified inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, performing sand blasting treatment on the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, removing oil stains, oxide skins, rust and impurities on the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, and enabling the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle to present a metal natural color consistent with a matrix of the reaction kettle;
s2, spraying a metal framework layer;
spraying the corrosion-resistant alloy material on the surface of the inner wall of the reaction kettle by adopting a thermal spraying method, and controlling the porosity of the coating to be between 10 and 30 percent;
s3, spraying the infiltration layer and the transition layer;
spraying special polymer latex on the metal framework layer by adopting a high-pressure airless spraying method, curing after the special polymer latex is fully impregnated into the gaps of the metal framework layer to form an impregnation layer, and forming a transition layer on the surface of the impregnation layer;
s4, spraying a working layer;
and spraying a special polymer with the same formula as the transition layer on the surface of the transition layer by adopting an electrostatic spraying or rolling coating method, and sintering and curing to form a working layer.
The reaction kettle prepared by the reaction kettle preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, degradation resistance and good heat transfer performance, and can be applied to hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, alkali, acid-base and high-temperature environments. Meanwhile, the transition layer and the working layer are firmly combined, so that the service life of the reaction kettle is greatly prolonged.
Further, in S1, polishing the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle after purification treatment by using No. 10-20 brown corundum; in the sand blasting process, the included angle between the operation direction of the sand blasting gun and the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle is 70-80 degrees, and the sand blasting grade is Sa3 grade of GB 8923.
Further, in S2, the metal skeleton layer is sprayed in two layers, the later layer and the former layer are sprayed in a 90 ° cross manner, and the adjacent sprayed areas overlap by 1/4 width.
Further, the corrosion-resistant alloy material is any one of nickel-chromium, nickel-aluminum, nickel-silicon and stainless steel.
Further, in S3, special polymer emulsion with the concentration of 20-50% is adopted, dried and cured at high temperature, the curing temperature is 300-.
Further, in S3, the polymer latex used for impregnation includes at least one of polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyimide, polyarylate, polyetheretherketone, and fluoropolymer.
Further, the fluoropolymer is PTFE, PVDF, PCTFE, or PFA.
Further, the thickness of the metal framework layer is 200-300 μm;
the thickness of the transition layer is 100-200 mu m;
the thickness of the working layer is 200-600 μm.
Further, in S4, the sintering and curing temperature is 380-;
the temperature rise rate is 80 ℃/h at a temperature of 200 ℃ or lower and 60 ℃/h at a temperature of 200 ℃ or higher.
The invention provides a reaction kettle in a second aspect, which comprises a reaction kettle base body and a gold-plastic composite coating arranged on the surface of an inner cavity of the reaction kettle base body; the metal-plastic composite coating comprises a metal framework layer, a leaching layer, a transition layer and a working layer which are sequentially overlapped;
the metal framework layer is obtained by the reaction kettle preparation method;
the infiltration layer and the transition layer are obtained by the reaction kettle preparation method;
the working layer is obtained by the reaction kettle preparation method.
The reaction kettle disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, degradation resistance and good heat transfer performance, and can be applied to hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, alkali, acid and alkali and high-temperature environments. Meanwhile, the transition layer and the working layer are firmly combined, so that the service life of the reaction kettle is greatly prolonged.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of a reactor or reactor preparation process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the inner wall surface coating of the reaction vessel.
Description of the reference numerals
1 base body 2 transition layer
3 metal skeleton layer 4 impregnation layer
5 working layer
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, the use of the terms of orientation such as "upper and lower" in the case where no description is made to the contrary generally means the orientation in the assembled and used state. "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the respective component itself.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances in order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention provides a reaction kettle preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the surface of the inner wall of the reaction kettle;
purifying the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, polishing the purified inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, performing sand blasting treatment on the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, removing oil stains, oxide skins, rust and impurities on the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, and enabling the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle to present a metal natural color consistent with a matrix of the reaction kettle;
s2, spraying the metal framework layer 2;
the corrosion-resistant alloy material is sprayed on the surface of the inner wall of the reaction kettle by adopting a thermal spraying method, and the porosity of the coating is controlled to be between 10 and 30 percent. Wherein, the corrosion-resistant alloy material can be any one of nickel-chromium, nickel-aluminum, nickel-silicon and stainless steel.
S3, spraying the impregnation layer 3 and the transition layer 4;
spraying special polymer latex on the metal framework layer 2 by adopting a high-pressure airless spraying method, curing after the special polymer latex fully infiltrates into the gaps of the metal framework layer 2 to form an infiltration layer 3, and forming a transition layer 4 on the surface of the infiltration layer 3. The impregnation layer 3 and the transition layer 4 are of substantially the same material, the impregnation layer 3 being the part that penetrates into the interstices of the metal skeleton layer 2, the transition layer 4 being the part that overflows the interstices of the metal skeleton layer 2.
S4 spraying of working layer 5
And spraying a special polymer with the same formula as the transition layer 4 on the surface of the transition layer 4 by adopting an electrostatic spraying or rolling coating method, and sintering and curing to form a working layer.
The reaction kettle prepared by the reaction kettle preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, degradation resistance and good heat transfer performance, and can be applied to hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, alkali, acid-base and high-temperature environments. Meanwhile, the transition layer 4 and the working layer 5 are firmly combined, so that the service life of the reaction kettle is greatly prolonged.
In S1, polishing the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle after purification treatment by using No. 10-20 brown corundum; in the sand blasting process, the included angle between the operation direction of the sand blasting gun and the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle is 70-80 degrees, and the sand blasting grade is Sa3 grade of GB 8923.
In S2, the metal skeleton layer 2 was sprayed in two layers, the latter and former layers were sprayed in a 90 ° cross, and the adjacent sprayed areas overlapped by 1/4 width. The overlap 1/4 width refers to the overlapping portion between adjacent spray areas as 1/4 of the unit spray area for the purpose of: and gaps are avoided in adjacent spraying areas.
In S3, special polymer emulsion with the concentration of 20-50% is adopted, dried and cured at high temperature, the curing temperature is 300-. At S3, the polymer latex for impregnation includes at least one of polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyimide, polyarylate, polyetheretherketone, fluoropolymer; further, the fluoropolymer is PTFE, PVDF, PCTFE, or PFA.
Further, the thickness of the metal skeleton layer 2 is 200-300 μm; the thickness of the transition layer 4 is 100-200 μm; the thickness of the working layer 5 is 200-600 μm. It should be noted that since the impregnated layer 3 is impregnated into the voids of the metal skeleton layer 2, the thickness thereof can be understood to be equal to the depth of the voids of the metal skeleton layer 2. Therefore, the thickness of the gold-plastic composite coating consisting of the metal framework layer 2, the transition layer 4, the working layer 5 and the impregnation layer 3 is between 500 and 1100 μm.
In S4, the sintering and curing temperature is 380-400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h; the heating rate is 80 ℃/h when the temperature is below 200 ℃, and 60 ℃/h when the temperature is above 200 ℃; the cooling temperature is furnace cooling.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a reaction kettle, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the reaction kettle comprises a reaction kettle substrate 1 and a gold-plastic composite coating layer arranged on the surface of the inner cavity of the reaction kettle substrate 1; the gold-plastic composite coating comprises a metal framework layer 2, an infiltration layer 3, a transition layer 4 and a working layer 5 which are sequentially overlapped. The metal framework layer 2, the impregnation layer 3, the transition layer 4 and the working layer 5 are obtained by the reaction kettle preparation method. It should be noted that the metal framework layer 2 is in contact with the inner cavity surface of the reaction kettle base body 1.
The reaction kettle disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, degradation resistance and good heat transfer performance, and can be applied to hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, alkali, acid and alkali and high-temperature environments. Meanwhile, the transition layer 4 and the working layer 5 are firmly combined, so that the service life of the reaction kettle is greatly prolonged.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a reaction kettle, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, treating the surface of the inner wall of the reaction kettle;
purifying the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, polishing the purified inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, performing sand blasting treatment on the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, removing oil stains, oxide skins, rust and impurities on the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle, and enabling the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle to present a metal natural color consistent with a matrix of the reaction kettle;
s2, spraying the metal framework layer (2);
spraying the corrosion-resistant alloy material on the surface of the inner wall of the reaction kettle by adopting a thermal spraying method, and controlling the porosity of the coating to be between 10 and 30 percent;
s3, spraying the infiltration layer (3) and the transition layer (4);
spraying special polymer latex on the metal framework layer (2) by adopting a high-pressure airless spraying method, curing after the special polymer latex fully infiltrates into gaps of the metal framework layer (2) to form an infiltration layer (3), and forming a transition layer (4) on the surface of the infiltration layer (3);
s4, spraying the working layer (5);
and spraying a special polymer with the same formula as the transition layer (4) on the surface of the transition layer (4) by adopting an electrostatic spraying or rolling coating method, and sintering and curing to form a working layer.
2. The reaction kettle preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that in S1, the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle after purification treatment is polished by 10-20# brown corundum; in the sand blasting process, the included angle between the operation direction of the sand blasting gun and the inner wall surface of the reaction kettle is 70-80 degrees, and the sand blasting grade is Sa3 grade of GB 8923.
3. The reactor manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the metal skeleton layer (2) is sprayed in two layers, the latter layer and the former layer are sprayed in a 90 ° cross-spraying manner, and the adjacent spraying areas overlap by 1/4 width.
4. The reaction kettle preparation method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the corrosion-resistant alloy material is any one of nickel chromium, nickel aluminum, nickel silicon and stainless steel.
5. The preparation method of the reaction kettle as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, a special polymer emulsion with a concentration of 20-50% is used, dried and cured at a high temperature, the curing temperature is 300-320 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10-20min, the spraying process is repeated for 1-3 times as required to form a soaking layer, then a polymer emulsion glue solution with a concentration of 50-70% is sprayed, and the curing is carried out after the spraying and drying, the curing temperature is 330-360 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 20-30 min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in S3, the polymer latex used for impregnation comprises at least one of polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyimide, polyarylate, polyetheretherketone, and fluoropolymer.
7. The kettle preparation method of claim 6, wherein the fluoropolymer is PTFE, PVDF, PCTFE, or PFA.
8. The reaction kettle preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the thickness of the metal framework layer (2) is 200-300 mu m;
the thickness of the transition layer (4) is 100-200 μm;
the thickness of the working layer (5) is 200-600 μm.
9. The preparation method of reaction kettle as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the sintering and curing temperature is 380-400 ℃, and the holding time is 1-2 h;
the temperature rise rate is 80 ℃/h at a temperature of 200 ℃ or lower and 60 ℃/h at a temperature of 200 ℃ or higher.
10. The reaction kettle is characterized by comprising a reaction kettle base body (1) and a gold-plastic composite coating arranged on the surface of an inner cavity of the reaction kettle base body (1); the metal-plastic composite coating comprises a metal framework layer (2), an impregnation layer (3), a transition layer (4) and a working layer (5) which are sequentially overlapped;
the metal framework layer (2) is obtained by the reaction kettle preparation method of claim 1, 3 or 4;
the impregnation layer (3) and the transition layer (4) are obtained by the autoclave preparation method according to claim 1 or any one of claims 5 to 7;
the working layer (5) is obtained by the reaction vessel preparation method according to claim 1 or 9.
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