CN112868515A - Improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants - Google Patents
Improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN112868515A CN112868515A CN202110029167.0A CN202110029167A CN112868515A CN 112868515 A CN112868515 A CN 112868515A CN 202110029167 A CN202110029167 A CN 202110029167A CN 112868515 A CN112868515 A CN 112868515A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/16—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using titration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1806—Biological oxygen demand [BOD] or chemical oxygen demand [COD]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/182—Specific anions in water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention provides an improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants, and the planting mode of the sandwich type planting floating bed comprises the following stepsThe method comprises the following steps: selecting 9 mouths of a gift tilapia culture pond, wherein the floating body part of the floating bed is a round pipe made of PVC material and encloses an area of 4m2The middle part of the square is provided with a layer of net sheets with meshes, houttuynia cordata, mint and water spinach seedlings are placed on the net sheets (the distance is 20cm multiplied by 30cm), and a layer of compact net sheets with holes (10mm) are used for preventing the fish from gnawing the young roots; the sampling time is fixed to be about 10:00 in No. 18 am every month, and water quality indexes are measured according to a water and wastewater monitoring and analyzing method by collecting 500ml of water samples of a contrast pond, a 10% floating bed planting pond and a 20% floating bed planting pond (a five-point method); collecting 100g of a bottom mud sample, and analyzing TN and TP of the bottom mud sample; the improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants, 7-9 months sandwich pond CODMn、Chl.a、TN、NO2 ‑‑N、TP、PO4 3‑The P is obviously reduced, the phosphorus removal effect is better, and the phosphorus removal effect can be sustained and stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water purification, in particular to an improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants.
Background
The Chinese herbal medicines can regulate and control the water quality of the pond and improve the microbial community structure of the pond, and at present, the Chinese herbal medicines which are screened and suitable for being planted in the pond comprise houttuynia cordata, mint, giant knotweed rhizome, water fennel, garlic, coix lacryma-jobi, purple perilla, yellow croaker, selfheal, calamus, bidens tripartita and the like. Aiming at the purification effects of different plants on the water quality of different culture pond varieties in different seasons, a 5% houttuynia cordata-water spinach-houttuynia cordata model is adopted in 2016, and shows that the sandwich model can remarkably reduce TOC and COD in the water body of the gift tilapia culture pondMnTN and TP indexes and TN and TP indexes in the sediment, but further research is needed in the aspect of mixture ratio;
recent water quality monitoring results show that the purification effect of Chinese herbal medicines on pond water/substrate is similar to that of economic vegetables (such as swamp cabbage Ipomoea aquatica), recently, the water quality purification mode is changed, the water quality is purified all the year round by adopting the rotation mode of swamp cabbage-cress and Chinese herbal medicine-cress, but the water quality purification effect changes greatly, and the constructed sandwich structure can stably and continuously improve the pond water quality.
Therefore, the invention provides an improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention tries to overcome the defects, so the invention provides an improved Chinese herbal medicine plant sandwich type planting floating bed, and solves the problems that the recent water quality monitoring result shows that the purifying effect of Chinese herbal medicines on pond water/substrate is similar to that of economic vegetables (such as water spinach).
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a bed is floated in sandwich type planting of modified chinese herbal medicine plant, this bed is floated in sandwich type planting's planting mode includes following steps:
step one, selecting 9 mouths of a gift tilapia culture pond, wherein a floating body part of a floating bed is a round pipe made of PVC material and is enclosed into an area of 4m2The middle part of the square is provided with a layer of net sheets with meshes, houttuynia cordata, mint and water spinach seedlings are placed on the net sheets (the distance is 20cm multiplied by 30cm), and a layer of compact net sheets with holes (10mm) are used for preventing the fish from gnawing the young roots;
step two, the sampling time is fixed to be about 10:00 am 18 a month, and COD is measured according to the water and wastewater monitoring and analyzing method by collecting 500ml of water sample (five-point method) of a contrast pond, 10% and 20% sandwich floating bed planting pondMn(potassium permanganate-sodium oxalate titration method), Chl.a (acetone extraction method and spectrophotometer method), TN (alkaline potassium persulfate oxidation-ultraviolet spectrophotometer method), NH3-N (na)Spectrophotometry with a reagent), NO3 --N (phenoldisulfonic acid photometry), NO2 --N (N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenediamine photometry), TP (nitric acid-sulfuric acid digestion), PO4 3-Water quality indexes such as P (ammonium molybdate method);
and step three, collecting 100g of the bottom sediment sample, and analyzing TN and TP of the bottom sediment sample.
Preferably, the diameter of the round tube made of the PVC material is 50mm, and the length of the round tube is 2 m.
Preferably, the mesh diameter of the mesh is 30 mm.
Preferably, the control group of the gift tilapia culture pond has the planting area of 3 mouths of each sandwich experimental group with the water surface area of 10 percent and 20 percent, each mouth is 0.13 hectare and the water depth is 2 meters.
Preferably, TN employs Kjeldahl method.
Preferably, TP is obtained by perchloric-sulfuric acid digestion.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides an improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants. The method has the following beneficial effects: the improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants, 7-9 months sandwich pond CODMn、Chl.a、TN、NO2 --N、TP、PO4 3-The P is obviously reduced, the phosphorus removal effect is better, and the phosphorus removal effect can be sustained and stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of water quality data and cost calculations according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the present invention, which is calculated by taking tilapia mossambica as an example, and the planting area of a floating bed is 10%.
Detailed Description
According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants, as shown in fig. 1-2, the planting method of the sandwich type planting floating bed comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting 9 mouths of a gift tilapia culture pond, wherein a floating body part of a floating bed is a round pipe made of PVC material and is enclosed into an area of 4m2The middle part of the square is provided with a layer of net sheets with meshes, and fish is selectedPlacing herba Houttuyniae, herba Menthae and caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae seedlings on mesh (spacing 20cm × 30cm), and using a layer of dense mesh with holes (10mm) to prevent fish from gnawing young root;
step two, the sampling time is fixed to be about 10:00 am 18 a month, and COD is measured according to the water and wastewater monitoring and analyzing method by collecting 500ml of water sample (five-point method) of a contrast pond, 10% and 20% sandwich floating bed planting pondMn(potassium permanganate-sodium oxalate titration method), Chl.a (acetone extraction method and spectrophotometer method), TN (alkaline potassium persulfate oxidation-ultraviolet spectrophotometer method), NH3-N (Nagowski reagent photometry), NO3 --N (phenoldisulfonic acid photometry), NO2 --N (N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenediamine photometry), TP (nitric acid-sulfuric acid digestion), PO4 3-Water quality indexes such as P (ammonium molybdate method);
and step three, collecting 100g of the bottom sediment sample, and analyzing TN and TP of the bottom sediment sample.
The diameter of the round tube made of PVC material is 50mm, and the length is 2 m.
The mesh diameter of the mesh is 30 mm.
The control group of the gift tilapia culture pond has 3 planting areas of 10 percent of water surface area and 20 percent of sandwich experimental group, each planting area is 0.13 hectare, and the water depth is 2 meters.
TN adopts Kjeldahl method.
TP is a perchloric acid-sulfuric acid digestion method.
It should be noted that the experiment was carried out in 2017 in 6 to 10 months at the yixing bare hill pavilion base of research center for fresh water fishery, 9 mouths of gift tilapia culture pond (control group, planting area is 3 mouths of sandwich experimental group with 10% water surface area and 20% sandwich experimental group, each mouth is 0.13 hectare, water depth is 2m), floating bed floating body part is round tube (length is 2m) made of PVC material (d is 50mm), area is enclosed by round tube (length is 4 m)2The middle part of the square is provided with a layer of net sheets with meshes (30mm), houttuynia cordata, mint and water spinach seedlings are placed on the net sheets (the distance is 20cm multiplied by 30cm), and a layer of compact net sheets with holes (10mm) is used for preventing the fish from gnawing the radicles. The sampling time was fixed at about 18 a.m. 10:00 a.m. each month. 500ml of water sample is planted in the control pond, 10% and 20% sandwich floating bed (five-point method)) Measuring COD according to Water and wastewater monitoring and analyzing methodMn(potassium permanganate-sodium oxalate titration method), Chl.a (acetone extraction method and spectrophotometer method), TN (alkaline potassium persulfate oxidation-ultraviolet spectrophotometer method), NH3-N (Nagowski reagent photometry), NO3 --N (phenoldisulfonic acid photometry), NO2 --N (N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenediamine photometry), TP (nitric acid-sulfuric acid digestion), PO4 3--ammonium molybdate method) and the like. Simultaneously collecting 100g of bottom sediment samples, and analyzing TN and TP of the bottom sediment samples, wherein TN adopts a Kjeldahl method; TP is a perchloric acid-sulfuric acid digestion method.
The results show that the sandwich pond COD is 7-9 months oldMn、Chl.a、TN、NO2 --N、TP、PO4 3-the-P is obviously reduced, the phosphorus removal effect is better, and indexes such as water quality TN and Chl.a are easy to increase in the early stage and the later stage of planting. When the sandwich floating bed is constructed, the water purification effect of 10 percent of the planting area of the floating bed is better than that of 20 percent. Suspending strain reinforcing filler under floating bed (such as heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria capable of removing NO)3 -N) can improve the denitrification rate of the ecological floating bed. The freshwater mussel and corbicula fluminea can also have the effect of purifying water quality. If the sandwich model elements need to be further optimized, on one hand, evergreen plants (mint, cress, acorus calamus, loosestrife and the like) can be selected in winter, mussels and corbicula are placed in the middle layer, and elastic fillers are hung below the floating bed, so that the technical integration is realized, and demonstration and popularization are performed in a proper area.
The early results show that the Houttuynia cordita Thunb and the water spinach respectively and remarkably reduce TN and NO in the pond3 --N、NH3-N；TP、CODMnAnd (4) content. MintMentha haplocalyx Briq. obviously reduces TN and NO in water3 --N、NH3-N、PO4 3-Water quality indexes such as-P. According to the research, different proportions (plant planting proportion is 1:1:1, and proportion is 10% and proportion is 20%) of a sandwich model are researched for the houttuynia cordata-mint-water spinach, parameters of the sandwich model are further optimized, and basic data are provided for pond water quality purification.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a bed is floated in sandwich type planting of modified chinese herbal medicine plant which characterized in that: the planting method of the sandwich type planting floating bed comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting 9 mouths of a gift tilapia culture pond, wherein a floating body part of a floating bed is a round pipe made of PVC material and is enclosed into an area of 4m2The middle part of the square is provided with a layer of net sheets with meshes, houttuynia cordata, mint and water spinach seedlings are placed on the net sheets (the distance is 20cm multiplied by 30cm), and a layer of compact net sheets with holes (10mm) are used for preventing the fish from gnawing the young roots;
step two, the sampling time is fixed to be about 10:00 am 18 a month, and COD is measured according to the water and wastewater monitoring and analyzing method by collecting 500ml of water sample (five-point method) of a contrast pond, 10% and 20% sandwich floating bed planting pondMn(potassium permanganate-sodium oxalate titration method), Chl.a (acetone extraction method and spectrophotometer method), TN (alkaline potassium persulfate oxidation-ultraviolet spectrophotometer method), NH3-N (Nagowski reagent photometry), NO3 --N (phenoldisulfonic acid photometry), NO2 --N (N- (1-naphthyl) -ethylenediamine photometry), TP (nitric acid-sulfuric acid digestion), PO4 3-Water quality indexes such as P (ammonium molybdate method);
and step three, collecting 100g of the bottom sediment sample, and analyzing TN and TP of the bottom sediment sample.
2. The improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the diameter of a round pipe made of the PVC material is 50mm, and the length of the round pipe is 2 m.
3. The improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mesh diameter of the mesh is 30 mm.
4. The improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the control group of the gift tilapia culture pond has 3 planting areas of 10 percent of water surface area and 20 percent of sandwich experimental group, each planting area is 0.13 hectare, and the water depth is 2 meters.
5. The improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: TN adopts Kjeldahl method.
6. The improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: TP is a perchloric acid-sulfuric acid digestion method.
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| CN202110029167.0A CN112868515A (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2021-01-08 | Improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants |
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| CN202110029167.0A CN112868515A (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2021-01-08 | Improved sandwich type planting floating bed for Chinese herbal medicine plants |
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| CN101544424A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2009-09-30 | 南京师范大学 | Combined biological floating bed for purifying water quality |
| CN108713489A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-30 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of fish plants the synthesis intercropping cyclic culture pattern and method of symbiosis |
| CN110226506A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-13 | 山东大洋农牧科技发展有限公司 | A method of utilizing pond water surface soilless cultivation herbal control fish disease |
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Application publication date: 20210601 |