CN112867900A - 用于制冷器具的蒸发布置组件 - Google Patents

用于制冷器具的蒸发布置组件 Download PDF

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CN112867900A
CN112867900A CN201980069373.5A CN201980069373A CN112867900A CN 112867900 A CN112867900 A CN 112867900A CN 201980069373 A CN201980069373 A CN 201980069373A CN 112867900 A CN112867900 A CN 112867900A
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evaporation
coating
shell
heating tube
arrangement assembly
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A·莫尔纳
S·施泰宁格
L·霍尔茨豪泽
A·弗洛拉特谢拉
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/14—Collecting or removing condensed and defrost water; Drip trays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
    • F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
    • F16L58/08—Coatings characterised by the materials used by metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
    • F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
    • F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
    • F16L58/1054—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2321/00—Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2321/14—Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
    • F25D2321/141—Removal by evaporation
    • F25D2321/1411—Removal by evaporation using compressor heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2321/00—Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2321/14—Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
    • F25D2321/141—Removal by evaporation
    • F25D2321/1412—Removal by evaporation using condenser heat or heat of desuperheaters

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Abstract

一种用于制冷器具、尤其家用制冷器具的蒸发布置组件，包括蒸发壳(2)和在所述蒸发壳(2)中延伸的加热管(9)。所述加热管(9)为设置有腐蚀防护涂层(15，16，17)的钢管(14)。

Description

用于制冷器具的蒸发布置组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种蒸发布置组件，所述蒸发布置组件在制冷器具、尤其家用制冷器具中用于消除积聚在一个或者多个蒸发器上的冷凝水。
背景技术
常规地，这样的蒸发布置组件包括蒸发壳，所述蒸发壳收集冷凝水并且与热源紧密地热接触地布置，以便这样强烈地加热在蒸发壳中的冷凝水，使得其至少与冷凝水从那个或者那些蒸发器补充流入同样快速地蒸发。
可以考虑用于加热冷凝水的热源为沉入蒸发壳中的加热管。常规地，加热管由铜制成，因为铜良好地导热并且在潮湿的状态下也是足够耐腐蚀的。
然而，铜也是非常软的，使得只有通过比大多数其它金属更高的壁厚度才能够实现足够的机械稳定性。所需要的较高的壁厚度使较高的导热能力的优点有相对性并且同时导致较高的成本。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务在于，设法实现一种蒸发布置组件，所述蒸发布置组件在较小的生产成本的情况下实现较高的蒸发率。
所述任务通过这样的方式解决：在用于制冷器具、尤其家用制冷器具的蒸发布置组件(具有蒸发壳和在蒸发壳中延伸的加热管)中，加热管为设置有腐蚀防护涂层的钢管。
涂层确保了钢管在与冷凝水长时间地持续地接触的情况下仍具有足够的耐抗性。
腐蚀防护涂层可以包括内部的金属层和外部的塑料层，使得：当相对软的塑料层被损坏时，内部的金属层也还提供防护。
作为金属涂层，尤其考虑这样的金属：所述金属在电化学的电化序的顺序中比钢管的钢更贱；如尤其呈纯的或者合金化的形式的锌、镍或者铝。
尤其主要包含锌或者铝的金属的敷层(如基本上纯的锌敷层、锌-铝敷层、铝-锌敷层、锌-镁敷层或者铝-硅敷层)可以通过将钢管(尤其在沉入之前以预设置的形状弯曲的钢管)沉入到熔融物中而施加。
尤其对于锌涂层、锌-镍涂层、镍涂层或者铜-镍涂层，也考虑用电镀的方法进行的施加。
腐蚀防护涂层的塑料层优选包含热塑性的塑料、尤其PA、PVC、PVDF、PTFE、ECTFE、PPS或者聚烯烃。
塑料层可以通过(共)挤出方式、通过涡流烧结方法或者喷射方法产生，其中，所施加的塑料颗粒的均匀的分布可以通过钢管和塑料颗粒的相反的静电的起电促进。
为了改善塑料涂层的附着，底漆层/底涂可以作为増附剂设置在钢管或者其金属涂层为一方与塑料涂层为另一方之间。
为了简化蒸发布置组件的生产和尤其避免在加热管的穿过蒸发壳的壁的通路上的密封的必要性，加热管优选具有至少两个越过蒸发壳的外壁的上棱边延伸的弯部。
为了使加热管锚固在蒸发壳上，尤其当其弯部越过蒸发壳的边缘延伸而不碰到所述边缘时，可以在蒸发壳的底部上使多个爪成形，加热管卡入到所述爪中。
附图说明
从实施例的随后的说明参照随附的绘图得出本发明的其它特征和优点。绘图示出：
图1示出来自根据本发明的制冷器具的机器空间的片段；
图2以立体视图示出来自图1的制冷器具的蒸发布置组件；和
图3示出穿过蒸发布置组件的加热管的横截面。
具体实施方式
图1对家用制冷器具的机器空间18的一个片段从其敞开的背面看地示出。在这里所考虑的示例中，机器空间18位于本体19的背侧，在所述本体中，一个或者多个可从前侧接触到的存放格安放在机器空间上方。
机器空间18包含压缩机1，所述压缩机以已知的方式与(未示出的)液化器、(可能地)框式加热装置、至少一个节流位置和至少一个布置在机器空间上方的蒸发器连接成为制冷剂回路，以便冷却制冷器具的至少一个存放格。压缩机1包括压缩机罩20、隐藏在压缩机罩20中的泵和驱动泵的马达以及从压缩机罩20中引出的吸入接头和压力接头2，3。在图1中未连接地示出的吸入接头和压力接头2，3在完成装配的制冷器具中分别与制冷剂管连接，通过所述制冷剂管从蒸发器抽吸制冷剂蒸汽或者将压缩后的制冷剂供应给制冷器具的液化器。
在压缩机1的罩上装配蒸发壳4，以便形成蒸发布置组件。蒸发壳4这样布置，以便收集从蒸发器通过壳体的通路流出的冷凝水。在这里所考虑的情况下，蒸发壳在压缩机1的罩上紧密地贴靠地装配，以便收集压缩机1的余热；然而，也可以考虑直接在机器空间的底部上、在压缩机1下方的安装。
如在图2中可看到地，在蒸发壳的底部上成形有与压缩机1的构型互补的、在罩20的上部件上紧密地贴靠的拱顶5。沟6在拱顶5周围延伸。这样的区域7向外紧接着沟6：所述底部在所述区域中大致是平坦的并且比在沟6的基底上位于更高的位置。陡的、在此大致竖直的外壁8围绕着底部延伸。
制冷剂管线使压缩机1与液化器连接以及(如果存在)与框式加热装置连接并且在运行时引导压缩的、温热的制冷剂。该制冷剂管线包括这样的区段：所述区段沉入蒸发壳4中并且作为向蒸发壳4的水放出热的加热管9起作用。加热管9可以根据蒸发壳4的热需求而定地布置在压缩机1的出口和液化器之间或者液化器和节流位置之间；如果存在，此外，框式加热装置可以视加热功率而定地在制冷剂回路中布置在液化器前面或者后面以及加热管9前面或者后面，所述加热功率是必须的，以便避免壳体的前面的框结露。
加热管9的主要部分在蒸发壳4的内部在水平的平面内延伸。在这里所示出的构型中，该主要部分包括多个直线的管区段10，所述多个直线的管区段分别在蒸发壳4的纵向方向上延伸并且通过180°弯部11彼此连接。在蒸发壳4的底部上、尤其在平坦的区域7中和在拱顶5的顶点附近布置有保持爪12，加热管9、尤其其直线的管区段10卡入到所述保持爪的向上敞开的、类似匙孔的横截面的切口中。加热管9的端部由两个直立的弯部13构成，所述弯部超过蒸发壳4的外壁8延伸。
图3示出穿过加热管9的横截面。加热管的最内部的层由薄壁的钢管14构成。钢管14可以是单壁的或者双壁的。作为第一腐蚀防护层，在钢管14上形成金属的涂层15、尤其基本上纯的锌敷层、锌-铝敷层、铝-锌敷层、锌-镁敷层或者铝-硅敷层。这样的敷层可以以已知的方式产生，其方式是，将钢管14拉制通过敷层的熔融物。以电镀的方法进行的产生也是可能的，然而首先可以考虑用于具有显著的比例的镍的敷层，因为这些敷层由于其较高的熔点而不太适用于沉入。
在此，在金属的涂层15上施加底漆层16，例如也通过沉入或者通过喷镀施加。底漆层16可以设置用于，当必要时改善在金属的涂层15和塑料涂层17之间的附着。
塑料涂层17由如例如聚酰胺(Polyamid，PA)、聚氯乙烯(Polyvinylchlorid，PVC)、聚偏二氯乙烯(Polyvinylidenfluorid，PVDF)、聚四氟乙烯(Polytetrafluorethylen，PTFE)、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯(Ethylen-chlorotrifluoroethylen，ECTFE)、硫化聚苯醚(Polyphenylensulfid，PPS)和它们的共聚物或者聚烯烃(LDPE，LLDPE，HDPE，PP)和它们的混合物这样的热塑性的塑料组成。
塑料涂层17可以通过挤出方式成形，尤其通过这样的方式：设置有涂层15的钢管14被引导经过挤出喷嘴并且在此被涂覆；此外，本发明可以考虑旋涡烧结方法：在所述旋涡烧结方法中，被加热到热塑性的塑料的软化温度上的管被引导经过由塑料粉末制成的流化床，或者本发明可以考虑粉末涂覆方法：在所述粉末涂覆方法中，静电地起电的塑料粉末颗粒由于相反的电荷在管上的敷设而被该管吸附并且在其表面上熔化成无孔隙的层。被加热的管仅仅有助于允许附着粉末。随后，进行烤干步骤或者烘烤步骤。为了开展塑料的交联，该烤干步骤或者烘烤步骤是必要的(大约120-220℃)。
附图标记列表
1 压缩机
2 吸入接头
3 压力接头
4 蒸发壳
5 拱顶
6 沟
7 平坦的区域
8 外壁
9 加热管
10 管区段
11 弯部
12 保持爪
13 弯部
14 钢管
15 金属的涂层
16 底漆层
17 塑料涂层
18 机器空间
19 本体
20 压缩机罩

Claims (8)

1.一种用于制冷器具、尤其家用制冷器具的蒸发布置组件，其具有蒸发壳(2)和在所述蒸发壳(2)中延伸的加热管(9)，其特征在于，所述加热管(9)是设置有腐蚀防护涂层(15，16，17)的钢管(14)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蒸发布置组件，其特征在于，所述腐蚀防护涂层(15，16，17)包括内部的金属层(15)和外部的塑料层(17)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的蒸发布置组件，其特征在于，所述腐蚀防护涂层(15，16，17)的金属层(15)主要包括一种或者多种从锌、镍和铝中选择的金属。
4.根据上述权利要求之一所述的蒸发布置组件，其特征在于，所述金属层(15)通过沉入到熔融物中或者电镀地产生。
5.根据上述权利要求之一所述的蒸发布置组件，其特征在于，所述腐蚀防护涂层(15，16，17)的塑料层(17)包含热塑性的塑料、尤其PA、PVC、PVDF、PTFE、ECTFE、PPS或者聚烯烃。
6.根据权利要求5所述的蒸发布置组件，其特征在于，在所述塑料涂层(17)之下设置底漆层(16)。
7.根据上述权利要求之一所述的蒸发布置组件，其特征在于，所述加热管(9)具有至少两个越过所述蒸发壳(2)的外壁(8)延伸的弯部(13)。
8.根据上述权利要求之一所述的蒸发布置组件，其特征在于，在所述蒸发壳(2)的底部上成形有多个保持爪(12)，所述加热管(9)卡入到所述保持爪中。
CN201980069373.5A 2018-10-22 2019-10-17 用于制冷器具的蒸发布置组件 Pending CN112867900A (zh)

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