CN112866752A - Video code stream self-adaptive network bandwidth method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Video code stream self-adaptive network bandwidth method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
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- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/234309—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by transcoding between formats or standards, e.g. from MPEG-2 to MPEG-4 or from Quicktime to Realvideo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device, equipment and a medium for video code stream self-adapting network bandwidth, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing connection between a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end; monitoring the network environment of data transmission in real time; evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result, and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient; determining the coding rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient; determining time domain information of video coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient; and transmitting the video code stream according to the coding code rate and the time domain information. The flexibility of code stream coding of the video acquisition equipment is improved, the stability of video code stream transmission is improved, and the method can be widely applied to the technical field of video data processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of video data processing, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a medium for video code stream adaptive network bandwidth.
Background
With the development of the field of visual computing, video acquisition is an important basis of visual computing, and video code stream transmission is a guarantee of the real-time performance of visual computing. In life, people seek higher and higher high-definition resolution of videos, the higher the video code stream is, the higher the corresponding bandwidth occupation is, and the higher the requirement on the size of the network bandwidth is.
At present, China makes great progress in the aspect of network infrastructure construction, and network bandwidth is larger and larger, but a network environment in life is complex, a large amount of high-definition video data needs to be transmitted, and large load pressure is caused on the network bandwidth, network transmission of video code streams is easy to interrupt or lose data, under the condition that network bandwidth resources are in short supply, if the transmission of the video code streams exceeds the limitation of the whole network bandwidth, network data can be crowded and blocked, so that the transmission of code stream data is not timely or the data is lost, the video playing effect is affected, and the stable transmission of the video code streams faces challenges.
People hope that in the field of visual computing, normal transmission of video code streams can be realized without interruption even in the complex network environment, and then the method for self-adapting the video code streams to the network bandwidth can meet the requirements of people.
Most of the video acquisition equipment in the market adopts a mode of setting a fixed code rate CBR, namely the video acquisition equipment adopts the fixed code rate for coding no matter the size of the network bandwidth. Under the condition that the video scene is fixed and unchanged, the size of the video code stream is constant. Under the condition of a motion video scene, the size of a video code stream is large, and the pressure on the network bandwidth is large. Whether the transmission of the video code stream is stable is mainly determined by the available bandwidth of the network.
Some video acquisition devices adopt a mode of setting variable code rate VBR, namely, the video acquisition devices adopt the variable code rate for coding regardless of the size of network bandwidth, the coding code rate is determined by a video scene, the coding code rate of a static scene is smaller, and the coding code rate of a moving scene is larger. The size of the video code stream is fixed. Whether the transmission of the video code stream is stable is mainly determined by the available bandwidth of the network.
Most of video acquisition equipment in the market adopts a mode of setting a fixed code rate CBR, the video coding code rate in the mode is stable, but the instability of image quality can be caused in a video picture content complex or motion scene. If other data in the network occupies network bandwidth resources, the available network bandwidth resources are reduced, and under the condition that the code rate of the video acquisition equipment is fixed, the available network bandwidth resources are possibly insufficient, so that the network congestion and blockage are caused.
Some video acquisition equipment adopts a mode of setting variable code rate VBR, and the video coding code rate in the mode is allowed to fluctuate, so that the stable image quality is ensured. Under the condition of complex video picture content or a motion scene, the video coding code rate is larger, but the size of the video code stream is more constant. In the situation that the available bandwidth resources of the network are in shortage, the congestion and the blockage of the network can be caused directly.
Part of video acquisition equipment supports the detection of the network bandwidth size, but this mode is in the form of increasing an independent network detection module and sending a network detection packet to detect in addition, and the newly added network detection packet additionally increases the network bandwidth pressure, and the efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium for video stream adaptive network bandwidth, so as to improve the flexibility of stream coding of a video acquisition device and improve the stability of video stream transmission.
The first aspect of the present invention provides a video stream adaptive network bandwidth method, which includes:
establishing connection between a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end;
monitoring the network environment of data transmission in real time;
evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result, and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
determining the coding rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
determining time domain information of video coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
and transmitting the video code stream according to the coding code rate and the time domain information.
In some embodiments, the evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result and calculating the network bandwidth pressure coefficient includes:
determining the sending time and the receiving time of the data frame;
determining data transmission time according to the sending time and the receiving time;
determining the network congestion condition according to the data frame transmission quantity in the data transmission time;
and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient according to the network congestion condition.
In some embodiments, the determining the network congestion condition based on the data frame transmission amount in the data transmission time includes:
generating a multimedia data sending table by a multimedia code stream sending end and generating a multimedia data receiving table by a multimedia code stream receiving end;
and determining the packet loss rate and the average transmission rate of the data packets in the transmission process of the multimedia code stream according to the multimedia data sending table and the multimedia data receiving table.
In some embodiments, said calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient according to said network congestion condition comprises:
determining a network bandwidth pressure coefficient of a data packet according to the packet loss rate and the average transmission rate;
the calculation formula of the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is as follows:
X＝1/(βΔV xɑ(1-P))＝1/(β(Vr1+Vr2+...+Vrn)/Nr xɑ(1-P))
wherein X represents a network bandwidth pressure coefficient; beta represents an average rate weight factor coefficient; Δ V represents the transmission average rate; alpha represents a packet loss weight factor coefficient; p represents packet loss rate; vr1Representing the transmission rate of the first received packet; vrnRepresenting the transmission rate of the nth received packet; n is a radical ofrRepresenting the number of received packets.
In some embodiments, the determining an encoding rate of a video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient includes:
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is larger than a preset first critical value, determining the coding rate of the video image as a variable rate;
and when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is smaller than a preset first critical value, determining the coding rate of the video image as a fixed rate.
In some embodiments, the transmitting a video stream according to the coding rate and the time domain information includes:
dividing a time domain into four types of time domain layers, and dividing a time domain grade of video coding into a first grade, a second grade, a third grade and a fourth grade; the time domain layers comprise a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer, a third time domain layer and a fourth time domain layer;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a second critical value and less than a third critical value, adopting a video coding frame mode of a fourth level to transmit video code streams;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a third critical value and less than a fourth critical value, adopting a video coding frame mode of a third level to transmit video code streams;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a fourth critical value and less than a fifth critical value, a video coding frame mode of a second level is adopted for video code stream transmission;
and when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a fifth critical value, transmitting the video code stream by adopting a video coding frame mode of a first level.
In some embodiments, the first level of video encoded frames are encoded frame data of a first time domain layer;
the video coding frames of the second level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer and a second time domain layer;
the video coding frames of the third level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer and a third time domain layer;
and the video coding frames of the fourth level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer, a third time domain layer and a fourth time domain layer.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a video stream adaptive network bandwidth apparatus, including:
the connection module is used for establishing connection between a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the network environment of data transmission in real time;
the calculation module is used for evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
the code rate determining module is used for determining the coding code rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
the time domain determining module is used for determining time domain information of video coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
and the transmission module is used for transmitting the video code stream according to the coding code rate and the time domain information.
Another aspect of the invention provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory;
the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor executes the program to implement the method as described above.
Another aspect of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium storing a program for execution by a processor to implement a method as described above.
After the connection between the multimedia code stream sending end and the multimedia code stream receiving end is established, the embodiment of the invention monitors the network environment of data transmission in real time; evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result, and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient; determining the coding rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient; determining time domain information of video coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient; and transmitting the video code stream according to the coding code rate and the time domain information. After the code stream is adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, the video data between the multimedia code stream sending end and the multimedia code stream receiving end can be normally transmitted and previewed under the condition that network bandwidth resources are short, the method can be well adapted to a complex network environment, the code stream coding flexibility of video acquisition equipment is improved, and the video code stream transmission stability is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for adapting a video stream to a network bandwidth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating steps of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism for counting the status of code stream data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, no matter a fixed code rate CBR mode, a variable code rate VBR mode or other video coding modes, a mode is fixedly set by video acquisition equipment, and the influence of network transmission caused by the real-time change of network bandwidth is not considered. If network bandwidth resources are in short supply in the network transmission process of video code streams, the congestion and blockage of the bandwidth may cause data transmission to be out of time or lost, thereby causing the problems of video playing delay and the like, and greatly influencing the experience of users in playing videos.
The mode of adding the network detection packet additionally increases the network bandwidth pressure, and the network bandwidth burden is increased under the condition of lacking network bandwidth resources.
Therefore, a method for automatically adjusting the size of a video code stream in real time according to the network bandwidth condition is needed to solve the problem of video playing blocking or delay in a complex network environment, a large number of data packets are not required to be additionally transmitted by the method, the flexibility of code stream coding of video acquisition equipment can be improved, the stability of video code stream transmission is improved, and the comprehensive performance of the whole visual computing service is improved.
The invention provides a method for video code stream self-adapting network bandwidth under a complex scene, which directly utilizes video code stream data as a detection packet for detecting the network bandwidth condition without additionally sending a network detection packet, saves network resources and is quicker and efficient.
The method firstly needs to determine the current network available bandwidth condition in real time, so that a concept of a network bandwidth pressure coefficient X is provided, and the network bandwidth pressure coefficient reflects the network congestion condition. The network bandwidth pressure coefficient X needs to be obtained by counting the sending condition and the receiving condition of the video code stream network. A set of code stream data sending state statistical mechanism is established at a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end, the multimedia code stream sending end only needs to record the size and the timestamp of sent data, the receiving end only needs to record the size and the receiving time of the received data, the recorded information data amount is small, and the influence of bandwidth occupied by information transmission can be basically ignored. The multimedia code stream sending end carries out statistics according to data fed back by the multimedia code stream receiving end, and a network bandwidth pressure coefficient X aiming at code stream data is calculated and used as a basis for controlling and adjusting the multimedia code stream.
According to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X, the invention adopts a mode of intelligently configuring the fixed code rate CBR and the variable code rate VBR modes. The video acquisition end needs to preset a network bandwidth pressure coefficient threshold as a standard for adjusting and switching a fixed code rate CBR mode and a variable code rate VBR mode, and real-time switching setting is carried out in the network transmission process.
In addition to intelligently configuring the fixed-bit-rate CBR and variable-bit-rate VBR modes, the method also introduces the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) mode, adjusts the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) mode in real time according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X, and enables the video code stream data to be transmitted normally and in real time under the complex network environment to the maximum extent.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a video stream adaptive network bandwidth method, including:
s1, establishing the connection between the multimedia code stream sending end and the multimedia code stream receiving end;
s2, monitoring the network environment of data transmission in real time;
specifically, the network environment of the video acquisition device is mainly a data transmission network environment between a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end, and the monitoring of the network environment is to monitor the real-time performance of data transmission of the multimedia code stream sending end and the multimedia code stream receiving end.
S3, evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result, and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
in particular, the congestion level of a network environment is primarily evaluated from the real-time nature of data transmission. The time of a multimedia code stream sending end and the time of a multimedia code stream receiving end are synchronous, data are transmitted according to a frame unit, the frame sending time and the frame receiving time need to be marked in the transmission process, the current network environment congestion level is evaluated according to the size of data volume and the time of receiving data, and a network bandwidth pressure coefficient X is calculated.
S4, determining the coding rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
s5, determining time domain information of video coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
and S6, transmitting the video code stream according to the coding rate and the time domain information.
In some embodiments, the evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result and calculating the network bandwidth pressure coefficient includes:
determining the sending time and the receiving time of the data frame;
determining data transmission time according to the sending time and the receiving time;
determining the network congestion condition according to the data frame transmission quantity in the data transmission time;
and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient according to the network congestion condition.
In some embodiments, the determining the network congestion condition based on the data frame transmission amount in the data transmission time includes:
generating a multimedia data sending table by a multimedia code stream sending end and generating a multimedia data receiving table by a multimedia code stream receiving end;
and determining the packet loss rate and the average transmission rate of the data packets in the transmission process of the multimedia code stream according to the multimedia data sending table and the multimedia data receiving table.
In some embodiments, said calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient according to said network congestion condition comprises:
determining a network bandwidth pressure coefficient of a data packet according to the packet loss rate and the average transmission rate;
the calculation formula of the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is as follows:
X＝1/(βΔV x ɑ(1-P))＝1/(β(Vr1+Vr2+...+Vrn)/Nr x ɑ(1-P))
wherein X represents a network bandwidth pressure coefficient; beta represents an average rate weight factor coefficient; Δ V represents the transmission average rate; alpha represents a packet loss weight factor coefficient; p represents packet loss rate; vr1Representing the transmission rate of the first received packet; vrnRepresenting the transmission rate of the nth received packet; n is a radical ofrRepresenting the number of received packets.
In some embodiments, the determining an encoding rate of a video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient includes:
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is larger than a preset first critical value, determining the coding rate of the video image as a variable rate;
and when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is smaller than a preset first critical value, determining the coding rate of the video image as a fixed rate.
In some embodiments, the transmitting a video stream according to the coding rate and the time domain information includes:
dividing a time domain into four types of time domain layers, and dividing a time domain grade of video coding into a first grade, a second grade, a third grade and a fourth grade; the time domain layers comprise a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer, a third time domain layer and a fourth time domain layer;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a second critical value and less than a third critical value, adopting a video coding frame mode of a fourth level to transmit video code streams;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a third critical value and less than a fourth critical value, adopting a video coding frame mode of a third level to transmit video code streams;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a fourth critical value and less than a fifth critical value, a video coding frame mode of a second level is adopted for video code stream transmission;
and when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a fifth critical value, transmitting the video code stream by adopting a video coding frame mode of a first level.
In some embodiments, the first level of video encoded frames are encoded frame data of a first time domain layer;
the video coding frames of the second level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer and a second time domain layer;
the video coding frames of the third level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer and a third time domain layer;
and the video coding frames of the fourth level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer, a third time domain layer and a fourth time domain layer.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention has the following specific implementation steps:
1. this scheme requires real-time monitoring of the network environment:
the network environment of the video acquisition equipment is mainly a data transmission network environment between a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end, and the monitoring of the network environment is to monitor the real-time performance of data transmission of the multimedia code stream sending end and the multimedia code stream receiving end.
2. Evaluating the congestion level of the network environment in real time, and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient X:
the congestion level of a network environment is primarily evaluated from the real-time nature of data transmission. The time of a multimedia code stream sending end and the time of a multimedia code stream receiving end are synchronous, data are transmitted according to a frame unit, the frame sending time and the frame receiving time need to be marked in the transmission process, the current network environment congestion level is evaluated according to the size of data volume and the time of receiving data, and a network bandwidth pressure coefficient X is calculated.
The method comprises the following concrete steps:
1) a set of code stream data condition statistical mechanism is respectively established at a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end. The schematic diagram is shown in fig. 3.
1) A multimedia code stream sending end generates a multimedia data recording table FsThe sending end records the total number of data packets sent per minuteNsData packet size of DsWherein the first packet size Ds1Last packet size DsnThe data packet transmission time is TsWherein the first data packet is sent at time Ts1The last data packet transmission time Tsn。
2) A multimedia code stream receiving terminal generates a multimedia data recording table FrThe receiving end records the number N of the data packets received per minuterData packet size of DrWherein the first packet size Dr1Last packet size DrnThe time of receiving the data packet is TrWherein the first data packet receives a data time Tr1The time T for receiving data of the last data packetrn。
3) At one minute interval, the receiving end of the multimedia code stream records the media data in a table FrAnd sending the multimedia code stream back to a sending end of the multimedia code stream.
4) Multimedia data record table F received by multimedia code stream sending terminalrThen, compare the local multimedia data record table FsCounting the packet loss condition of the data, wherein the number of packet losses is Ns-NrPacket loss rate P ═ Δ N/Ns. Recording multimedia data into table FsRemoving the data corresponding item which has lost the packet to obtain a multimedia data recording table FrNew record table F with complete one-to-one correspondences。
5) Counting each received data packet DrIs transmitted for a time Δ Tr＝Tr-TsWherein the transmission time of the first received packet is DeltaTr1＝Tr1-Ts1The transmission time DeltaT of the last received packetrn＝Trn-Tsn. Transmission rate V of data packetsr＝DrAt, where the transmission rate of the first received packet Vr1＝Dr1/ΔTr1And the transmission rate V of the last received packetrn＝Drn/ΔTrnIf the average transmission rate Δ V of the data packet is equal to (V)r1+Vr2+...+Vrn)/Nr。
6) The network bandwidth pressure coefficient X is determined by the average transmission rate delta V of the data packets and the packet loss rate P together, and the larger the average transmission rate delta V of the data packets is, the smaller the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X is, the larger the packet loss rate P is and the larger the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X is.
7) A weight factor alpha is introduced into a packet loss rate P, a weight factor beta is introduced into a data packet average transmission rate delta V, and a network bandwidth pressure coefficient
X＝1/(βΔV x ɑ(1-P))＝1/(β(Vr1+Vr2+...+Vrn)/Nr x ɑ(1-P))＝1/(β(Dr1/ΔTr1+Dr2/ΔTr2+...+Drn/ΔTrn)/Nr x ɑ(1-P))
I.e. X is 1/(β (D)r1/(Tr1-Ts1)+Dr2/(Tr2-Ts2)+...+Drn/(Trn-Tsn))/Nr x ɑ(1-P))。
3. Automatically switching the fixed code rate CBR and the variable code rate VBR according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X:
the default of the video acquisition camera end is set as a fixed code rate CBR, and meanwhile, a network bandwidth pressure coefficient critical value X for switching the fixed code rate CBR and the variable code rate VBR needs to be set firstly0。
When the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X exceeds the network bandwidth pressure coefficient critical value X0When the code rate mode is switched to the variable code rate CBR (namely the first critical value), the data volume after partial coding can be reduced, and the network bandwidth pressure is reduced. And meanwhile, the compression ratio of the variable code rate VBR is adjusted according to the current network bandwidth pressure coefficient X, and the size of the code stream is further adjusted within the variable code rate range.
When the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X is smaller than the network bandwidth pressure coefficient critical value X0And in the time, the code rate mode is switched to be the CBR with the fixed code rate, so that the coding rate can be stabilized, and the video image quality is ensured.
4. And automatically adjusting the SVC mode of the video scalable coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X:
SVC coding is video scalable coding and mainly includes layering in temporal domain (frame rate), image quality, spatial domain (resolution), and the like. The method mainly adjusts the size of the video code stream in real time from time domain (frame rate) layering so as to adapt to the network bandwidth requirement of the complex network environment.
Time domain (frame rate) layering divides frames into different levels, and frames at an upper layer can only refer to frames at the same layer or a lower layer. There are 4 types of temporal layers involved: t is0、T1、T2And T3Wherein T is0Is a base layer.
Defining SVC video coding temporal level M, M being divided into a first level M0Second level M1Third grade M2And a fourth level M3Four different SVC video coding time domain levels correspond to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X, and a second critical value X of four critical values of the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X is set1A third critical value X2A fourth critical value X3A fifth critical value X4Wherein X is0<X1<X2<X3<X4。
M0Representing video-coded frames considering only T0Layer-coding frame data, discarding other levels of video frames, M0All T under the grade0The encoded frames of the layer constitute 1/8 frames of the original video codestream.
M1Representing video-coded frames considering only T0And T1Discarding video frames of other levels, M1All T under the grade0And T1The encoded frames of (a) make up 1/4 frames of the original video codestream.
M2Representing video-coded frames considering only T0、T1、T2Discarding video frames of other levels, M2All T under the grade0、T1And T2The encoded frames of (a) make up 1/2 frames of the original video codestream.
M3Representing video coding frames considering all T0、T1、T2And T3The combined frame of M3The original video bitstream frames at the level remain sufficient frames.
When network bandwidth pressure coefficient X>＝X4When the video coding frame mode adopts M, which indicates that the current network bandwidth resource is very short0And grade, discarding other frame layer data to the maximum extent, and reserving 1/8 frame data of the original video code stream for network transmission to ensure normal network transmission.
When network bandwidth pressure coefficient X3<＝X<X4When the video coding frame mode adopts M, which indicates that the bandwidth resource of the current network is generally in short supply1And (4) level, reserving 1/4 frame data of the original video code stream for network transmission.
When network bandwidth pressure coefficient X2<＝X<X3In time, the situation that the current network bandwidth resource is normal and occasionally the network bandwidth is insufficient is explained, and the video coding frame mode adopts M2And (4) level, reserving 1/2 frame data of the original video code stream for network transmission.
When network bandwidth pressure coefficient X1<＝X<X2When the video coding frame mode adopts M, the video coding frame mode shows that the current network bandwidth resource is enough3And grade, reserving the original video code stream for network transmission.
5. Confirming the video playing effect after adjustment:
after the code stream is adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, the video data between the multimedia code stream sending end and the multimedia code stream receiving end can be normally transmitted and previewed under the condition that network bandwidth resources are in shortage, and the method can be well adapted to the complex network environment.
In summary, the invention can be used for adaptive network adjustment of video code streams in a complex network environment, and solves the problem of instability after video code stream transmission, compared with the prior art, the invention comprises a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end, wherein a set of simple statistical mechanism for code stream data status is respectively established, a video code stream data packet is directly used as a tool for network bandwidth detection, and a network bandwidth pressure coefficient is calculated and obtained by utilizing the size of video transmission code stream data, data sending time and data receiving time in unit time through a digital formula; in addition, the invention judges the congestion condition of the current network according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient, and intelligently adjusts the coding parameters and the scalable coding SVC strategy.
The method for video code stream self-adaption network bandwidth in complex scene directly utilizes video code stream data as a detection packet for detecting network bandwidth condition without additionally sending network detection packet, saves network resources, and is faster and efficient.
The method automatically adjusts the video code rate type and the scalable coding SVC mode strategy in real time according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient X, simultaneously processes a plurality of code stream optimization strategies, and adjusts the size of the code stream to be transmitted to the maximum extent so as to adapt to the complex network bandwidth environment and effectively solve the problems of video blockage and time delay.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a video code stream self-adaptive network bandwidth device, which comprises:
the connection module is used for establishing connection between a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the network environment of data transmission in real time;
the calculation module is used for evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
the code rate determining module is used for determining the coding code rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
the time domain determining module is used for determining time domain information of video coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
and the transmission module is used for transmitting the video code stream according to the coding code rate and the time domain information.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the electronic equipment, which comprises a processor and a memory;
the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor executes the program to implement the method as described in fig. 1.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the method shown in fig. 1.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which comprises computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer instructions may be read by a processor of a computer device from a computer-readable storage medium, and executed by the processor to cause the computer device to perform the method illustrated in fig. 1.
In alternative embodiments, the functions/acts noted in the block diagrams may occur out of the order noted in the operational illustrations. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved. Furthermore, the embodiments presented and described in the flow charts of the present invention are provided by way of example in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the technology. The disclosed methods are not limited to the operations and logic flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated in which the order of various operations is changed and in which sub-operations described as part of larger operations are performed independently.
Furthermore, although the present invention is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated to the contrary, one or more of the described functions and/or features may be integrated in a single physical device and/or software module, or one or more functions and/or features may be implemented in a separate physical device or software module. It will also be appreciated that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is not necessary for an understanding of the present invention. Rather, the actual implementation of the various functional modules in the apparatus disclosed herein will be understood within the ordinary skill of an engineer, given the nature, function, and internal relationship of the modules. Accordingly, those skilled in the art can, using ordinary skill, practice the invention as set forth in the claims without undue experimentation. It is also to be understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative of and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their full scope of equivalents.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The video code stream self-adaptive network bandwidth method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing connection between a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end;
monitoring the network environment of data transmission in real time;
evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result, and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
determining the coding rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
determining time domain information of video coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
and transmitting the video code stream according to the coding code rate and the time domain information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaluating network congestion conditions according to the real-time monitoring result and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient comprises:
determining the sending time and the receiving time of the data frame;
determining data transmission time according to the sending time and the receiving time;
determining the network congestion condition according to the data frame transmission quantity in the data transmission time;
and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient according to the network congestion condition.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the determining the network congestion status according to the data frame transmission amount in the data transmission time comprises:
generating a multimedia data sending table by a multimedia code stream sending end and generating a multimedia data receiving table by a multimedia code stream receiving end;
and determining the packet loss rate and the average transmission rate of the data packets in the transmission process of the multimedia code stream according to the multimedia data sending table and the multimedia data receiving table.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient according to the network congestion condition comprises:
determining a network bandwidth pressure coefficient of a data packet according to the packet loss rate and the average transmission rate;
the calculation formula of the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is as follows:
X＝1/(βΔVxɑ(1-P))＝1/(β(Vr1+Vr2+...+Vrn)/Nrxɑ(1-P))
wherein X represents a network bandwidth pressure coefficient; beta represents an average rate weight factor coefficient; Δ V represents the transmission average rate; alpha represents a packet loss weight factor coefficient; p represents packet loss rate; vr1Representing the transmission rate of the first received packet; vrnRepresenting the transmission rate of the nth received packet; n is a radical ofrRepresenting the number of received packets.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the coding rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient comprises:
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is larger than a preset first critical value, determining the coding rate of the video image as a variable rate;
and when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is smaller than a preset first critical value, determining the coding rate of the video image as a fixed rate.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting a video stream according to the coding rate and the time domain information comprises:
dividing a time domain into four types of time domain layers, and dividing a time domain grade of video coding into a first grade, a second grade, a third grade and a fourth grade; the time domain layers comprise a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer, a third time domain layer and a fourth time domain layer;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a second critical value and less than a third critical value, adopting a video coding frame mode of a fourth level to transmit video code streams;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a third critical value and less than a fourth critical value, adopting a video coding frame mode of a third level to transmit video code streams;
when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a fourth critical value and less than a fifth critical value, a video coding frame mode of a second level is adopted for video code stream transmission;
and when the network bandwidth pressure coefficient is greater than or equal to a fifth critical value, transmitting the video code stream by adopting a video coding frame mode of a first level.
7. The video stream adaptive network bandwidth method of claim 6,
the video coding frame of the first level is coding frame data of a first time domain layer;
the video coding frames of the second level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer and a second time domain layer;
the video coding frames of the third level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer and a third time domain layer;
and the video coding frames of the fourth level are coding frame data of a first time domain layer, a second time domain layer, a third time domain layer and a fourth time domain layer.
8. The video code stream self-adaptive network bandwidth device is characterized by comprising the following components:
the connection module is used for establishing connection between a multimedia code stream sending end and a multimedia code stream receiving end;
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the network environment of data transmission in real time;
the calculation module is used for evaluating the network congestion condition according to the real-time monitoring result and calculating a network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
the code rate determining module is used for determining the coding code rate of the video image according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
the time domain determining module is used for determining time domain information of video coding according to the network bandwidth pressure coefficient;
and the transmission module is used for transmitting the video code stream according to the coding code rate and the time domain information.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory;
the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor executing the program realizes the method according to any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium stores a program, which is executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-7.
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